CN112226515A - Application of chicken molecular marker combination as detection site for identifying chicken intramuscular fat width - Google Patents

Application of chicken molecular marker combination as detection site for identifying chicken intramuscular fat width Download PDF

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CN112226515A
CN112226515A CN202010680901.5A CN202010680901A CN112226515A CN 112226515 A CN112226515 A CN 112226515A CN 202010680901 A CN202010680901 A CN 202010680901A CN 112226515 A CN112226515 A CN 112226515A
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罗文�
吴静文
张细权
聂庆华
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Abstract

The invention discloses application of a chicken molecular marker combination as a detection site for identifying chicken intramuscular fat width, wherein the molecular marker comprises a molecular marker 1 and a molecular marker 2 which are respectively a chicken ALDH1A3 gene 3' non-coding region sequence g.355T > C molecular marker and g.405A > G molecular marker. The molecular marker combination is used for marker-assisted selection, so that chicken flocks with larger or smaller intramyofat width can be directionally bred, chicken breeds with different intramyofat widths are bred according to different breeding targets, and the breeding process of the chicken is accelerated. By the molecular marker combination and the detection primer, an efficient and accurate molecular marker assisted breeding technology can be established, and the molecular marker assisted breeding technology is applied to genetic improvement of intramyomuscular fat width characters of the chickens, so that different chicken strains with different intramyomuscular fat width differences are cultivated, chicken varieties with different intramyomuscular fat widths are sold for different consumer groups, the consumption market is further subdivided, the chicken sales volume is promoted, the enterprise sales volume is increased, and the core competitiveness is increased.

Description

Application of chicken molecular marker combination as detection site for identifying chicken intramuscular fat width
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of molecular breeding, in particular to application of a chicken molecular marker combination as a detection site for identifying chicken intramuscular fat width.
Background
The chicken is a traditional edible poultry, China is a big chicken consumption country, and in 2018, the total chicken consumption in China is 1153 ten thousand tons, which accounts for 11 percent of the total chicken consumption in the world. In addition, China is also the third largest chicken producing country around the world, and the yield is second only to the United states and Brazil.
The food demand structure and the nutrition demand structure of people can change along with the improvement of the economic development level and the improvement of the life quality of people, and mainly show that along with the improvement of the life level, the demand of people on grains containing more carbohydrates can be gradually reduced, and the demand on meat containing more proteins and fat can be obviously increased; the proportion of animal protein in the total amount of protein ingested increases, and an increase in the demand for protein and fat drives an increase in the consumption of meat.
In the actual production and breeding process, the broiler chickens are prone to deposit excessive fat, and most of the fat is not physiologically required. Excessive body fat deposition can hinder the normal growth and development of meat chicken, and not only extravagant fodder leads to the reduction of feed utilization ratio, still can influence the processing of slaughtering of meat chicken, reduces the slaughtering rate, improves economic loss. Therefore, controlling excessive deposition of fat in the broiler chickens and improving the feed conversion rate and carcass quality of the broiler chickens are important problems to be solved urgently in broiler chicken production in China.
Due to the low fat content and the high content of protein and essential amino acid, chicken is recommended as the first choice food material for body-building food materials. However, the increase of the fat between muscles can increase the fat content of chicken, change the nutrition proportion of the chicken and further influence the body building effect. Thus, for people who are fitness or who seek a healthy diet, the lower the intramuscular fat content of the chicken, the better. At the same time, an increase in the content of intermuscular fat improves meat quality. The effect of the intramuscular fat on meat quality is mainly three aspects: 1) the meat tenderness can be increased by a certain intramuscular fat content, and the fat contains more saturated fatty acids, has higher melting point and better palatability. It has been reported that the amount of intramuscular fat content is positively correlated with the muscle tenderness. 2) The amount of intramuscular fat content is related to the juiciness of the meat, the reason why high quality chunks are more juicy than low quality chunks is the high muscle fat content. 3) The muscle fat content is related to the flavor of meat, lipid and some fat-soluble substances are precursors of some flavor substances, and the meat quality is more fragrant when the fat content is higher.
The content of the fat between muscles not only influences the health quality of chicken, but also influences the meat quality of the chicken. Consumer selection directly affects the breeding direction of chickens. How to find out the chicken species with ideal intramuscular fat content which can be selected precisely and directionally has important significance for the development of the broiler industry.
Although CN201710613904.5 discloses a molecular marker related to width of chicken intermuscular fat and its application, the content of intermuscular fat is a quantitative trait, and is controlled by multiple genes, so that more molecular markers related to the intermuscular fat after slaughtering chicken need to be developed, and breeding is performed according to the molecular markers, so as to more accurately judge the intermuscular fat according to the genotype, so as to shorten the breeding process and reduce the breeding cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides application of a chicken molecular marker combination as a detection site for identifying the chicken intramuscular fat width.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide the application of a chicken molecular marker combination as a detection site for identifying the chicken intramuscular fat width.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the detection reagent of the molecular marker combination in the chicken intramuscular fat width.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a pair of primers for detecting the molecular markers of the 3' non-coding region sequence g.355T > C and g.405A > G of the chicken ALDH1A3 gene.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the primer in detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination or one of the molecular markers.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the primer in detecting the width of the chicken intramuscular fat or preparing a kit for detecting the width of the chicken intramuscular fat.
It is a sixth object of the present invention to provide a method for detecting the width of the fat between muscles of a chicken.
The seventh purpose of the invention is to provide a kit for detecting the chicken fat width between muscles.
The eighth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the detection site, the primer, the method or the kit in molecular assisted breeding.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention claims an application of a chicken molecular marker combination as a detection site for identifying the width of intramuscular fat of chicken, wherein the molecular marker comprises a molecular marker 1 and a molecular marker 2 which are respectively a chicken ALDH1A3 gene 3' non-coding region sequence g.355T > C molecular marker and a chicken 405A > G molecular marker,
the haplotype individual muscle fat width of which the genotype of the molecular marker of g.355T > C is TC and the genotype of the molecular marker of g.405A > G is AA is smaller,
the haplotype individual intramuscular fat with the genotype of the molecular marker of g.355T > C being TT and the genotype of the molecular marker of g.405A > G being AA is wider,
the haplotype with the genotype of the g.355T > C molecular marker as TC and the genotype of the g.405A > G molecular marker as AG, or the haplotype with the genotype of the g.355T > C molecular marker as CC and the genotype of the g.405A > G molecular marker as AG has intermediate fat width among muscles.
The detection reagent of the molecular marker combination is applied to the chicken intramuscular fat width.
The molecular marker 1 is a chicken ALDH1A3 gene 3' non-coding region sequence g.355T > C molecular marker, namely nucleotide 17909672 of chromosome 10 of galGal6 chicken genome; the molecular marker 2 is a chicken ALDH1A3 gene 3' non-coding region sequence g.405A > G molecular marker, namely nucleotide 17909725 of chromosome 10 of galGal6 chicken genome.
The invention also claims a pair of primers for detecting the molecular markers of the 3' non-coding region sequence g.355T > C and g.405A > G of the chicken ALDH1A3 gene, which is characterized in that the nucleotide sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1-2.
Upstream primer (SEQ ID NO: 1): 5'-TGCCATGAATTGTCTGTCGC-3', respectively;
downstream primer (SEQ ID NO: 2): 5'-TCAGTGTGTAGAGTCAAACCC-3' are provided.
The invention also claims the following:
the primer is used for detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination or one of the molecular markers;
the primer is applied to detecting the width of the chicken intramuscular fat or preparing a kit for detecting the width of the chicken intramuscular fat.
The invention also claims a method for detecting the chicken intramuscular fat width, which is used for detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination of the chicken sample.
Preferably, the primer is used for detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination in the sample chicken.
The invention also claims a kit for detecting the chicken intramuscular fat width, which contains a reagent for detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination in a sample chicken.
Preferably, the reagent is the primer.
The invention also claims the application of the detection site, the primer, the method or the kit in molecular assisted breeding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention researches and determines the molecular markers influencing the correlation of the fat width between the muscles of the chickens, utilizes the molecular marker combination to carry out marker-assisted selection, can directionally breed the chickens with larger fat width between the muscles or smaller fat width between the muscles, and cultivates the chickens with different fat widths between the muscles aiming at different breeding targets to accelerate the breeding process of the chickens.
(2) The invention provides a primer pair for identifying molecular markers influencing the intramuscular fat wide character after slaughtering chickens, which can establish an efficient and accurate molecular marker assisted breeding technology through the molecular marker combination and detection primers, and is applied to genetic improvement of the intramuscular fat wide character of chickens, so that different chicken strains with different intramuscular fat widths are cultivated, chicken varieties with different intramuscular fat widths are sold for different consumer groups, the consumption market is further subdivided, the chicken sales volume is promoted, the enterprise sales volume is increased, and the core competitiveness is increased.
(3) By optimizing the dominant genotype of the molecular marker, the genetic progress of the chicken intramyomuscular fat wide character can be accelerated, and the breeding time of the chicken intramyomuscular fat wide character is reduced, so that the economic benefit of breeding the breeding hens is effectively improved. By the molecular marker, other haplotype individuals can be completely bred into haplotype individuals of which the genotype of g.355T is TC and the genotype of g.405A is AA, so that the intramuscular fat width of each chicken after slaughtering can be reduced by more than 8.63mm, the overall intramuscular fat width value of a chicken flock is reduced, the feed conversion efficiency is improved, the slaughtering processing efficiency is improved, and the potential of providing benefits for the chicken industry is great.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the result of primer specificity test in SNP detection;
FIG. 2 SNP site mutation information on the 3' non-coding region sequence of the chicken ALDH1A3 gene.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The test methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.
Example 1 primer design
First, experiment method
A primer pair is designed by finding out the 3 ' non-coding region sequence of the ALDH1A3 gene from https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, the information of the primer pair is shown in Table 1 (primer sequence 5 ' → 3 '), the sequence of the designed primer pair is synthesized by Guangzhou bio-bio corporation, and the specificity of the primer is tested by carrying out PCR on blood DNA by using the primer pair.
TABLE 1 primer information for SNP screening of ALDH1A3
Figure BDA0002585790220000051
Second, experimental results
The results are shown in FIG. 1. The PCR of the blood DNA was carried out using the primer set, which is specific, as shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2 DNA Mixed pool sequencing
First, experiment method
The sample chickens are selected from No. 1 pure line of 600 south China sea jute chickens of 120 days old in Jiangfeng chicken farm, all the chickens are hatched in a unified batch, and are raised in a flat-breeding mode to feed corn-soybean meal type feed meeting the international formula standard. Before slaughter, a 2mL syringe was used for the subpwinged venous blood collection, and the collected blood was stored in a centrifuge tube containing 20% EDTA for blood DNA extraction.
Genomic DNA of all individuals
Figure BDA0002585790220000052
The DNA from the blood was extracted by the Kit instructions from the Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, CA; Cat #69104), diluted to 50 ng/. mu.L after testing for quality and concentration, and stored at 4 ℃ until use.
From the total extracted DNA samples, 30 DNA samples were randomly selected to construct a pool, and every three samples (about 0.33. mu.L each) were mixed into one mixed sample for a total of 10. And carrying out PCR amplification on the mixed pool sample, wherein the primer is the same as the primer pair used in the SNP detection, and the obtained PCR product is sent to a bio-bio company for sequencing.
Second, experimental results
Sequencing results detect the SNP mutation sites of the 3' non-coding region sequence of the chicken ALDH1A3 gene, and the sequencing results are analyzed as shown in the attached figure 2.
Example 3 determination of haplotypes for the ALDH1A3 mutation sites g.355T > C and g.405A > G
First, experiment method
Before slaughtering, index measurements were carried out on all chicken samples, and were carried out according to the "poultry production performance noun terminology and metrics statistics method" of the agricultural industry Standard of the people's republic of China (NT/T823-2004). Wherein the subcutaneous fat thickness and the intramuscular fat width are measured by a vernier caliper, and the tibioid circumference and the tibioid length are measured by a flexible ruler. The chickens are subjected to streamlined unified bloodletting, scalding and plucking in a slaughterhouse, the chickens are lightly wiped by a paper towel to absorb dry water, and the yellowness index of the cloaca, the shank (removing the cuticle), the upper back, the lower back, the chest, the abdomen and the abdominal fat is measured by a 3NH-NH310 type color difference meter (China, san En.).
And (4) establishing a database by using Excel, and deleting individuals with incomplete records of the character data and abnormal values during initial screening.
The PCR product of ALDH1A3 was obtained by PCR specific amplification of blood extracted DNA corresponding to the individuals whose original data had been preliminary screened, and the information of the primer pairs used is shown in Table 1. Statistical analysis of each genotype can yield the genotype frequency and allele frequency for that locus.
Second, experimental results
The statistical results of haplotypes and haplotype frequencies consisting of SNP mutation sites g.355T > C and g.405A > G are shown in the following table 2. 2 SNPs sites, 7 haplotypes were generated, combinations with a deletion number of less than 3 were deleted, and the remaining 5 combinations were deleted. As can be seen from Table 2, the genotype of g.355T > C is TC and the genotype of g.405A > G is AG haplotype which is the dominant haplotype combination of the chicken population to be tested. Wherein:
(1) genotype frequency refers to the ratio of the number of individuals of a certain genotype in a population to the total number of genotypes:
genotype frequency ═ the total number of certain genotypes/the total number of the population × 100%;
(2) the gene frequency refers to the ratio of a certain gene in a population to all genes at the same site:
the gene frequency is equal to the number of certain genes/the total number of genes at the same site in a population multiplied by 100%.
TABLE 2 haplotype frequency statistics for the 3' non-coding region mutation sites g.355T > C and g.405A > G of ALDH1A3 gene:
Figure BDA0002585790220000061
Figure BDA0002585790220000071
example 4 correlation analysis of SNP mutation sites g.355T > C and g.405A > G with carcass traits of chickens after slaughter
First, experiment method
The single-factor analysis of variance tests the relevance of SNP genotype and carcass traits of slaughtered chickens, and the multiple tests analyze the significance of different genotypes and traits. Results for each group are presented as mean ± standard deviation.
Second, experimental results
The correlation analysis of g.355T > C and g.405A > G sites of ALDH1A3 with the intramuscular fat-wide trait after slaughter of chickens is shown in Table 3 below. One-way anova showed that haplotypes composed of g.355T > C and g.405A > G were significantly associated with the inter-muscular fat-width trait (P < 0.05). Multiple comparison results show that the width of the intramuscular fat of a haplotype individual with the genotype of g.355T > C as TC and the genotype of g.405A > G as AA is smaller than that of other haplotype individuals after slaughter.
By the molecular marker, other haplotype individuals can be completely bred into haplotype individuals of which the genotype of g.355T > C is TC and the genotype of g.405A > G is AA, so that the intramuscular fat width of each chicken after slaughtering can be reduced by more than 8.63mm (24.35-15.72 is 8.63), the overall intramuscular fat width value of the chicken flock is reduced, the feed conversion efficiency is improved, the slaughtering processing efficiency is improved, and the potential for providing benefits for the chicken industry is great.
TABLE 3 Association analysis of haplotype constituted by g.355T > C and g.405A > G sites of ALDH1A3 and chicken slaughter trait
Figure BDA0002585790220000081
Note: the shoulder of the peer is marked with the same letter or without the letter as not significantly different (p >0.05), without the same letter and with the letter contiguous as significantly different (p <0.05), without the same letter and with the letter non-contiguous as significantly different (p < 0.01).
It should be finally noted that the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and that other variations and modifications based on the above description and thought may be made by those skilled in the art, and that all embodiments need not be exhaustive. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Sequence listing
<110> southern China university of agriculture
<120> application of chicken molecular marker combination as detection site for identifying chicken intramuscular fat width
<160> 2
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 2
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> Gallus gallus
<400> 2
tgccatgaat tgtctgtcgc 20
<210> 2
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> Gallus gallus
<400> 2
tcagtgtgta gagtcaaacc c 21

Claims (10)

1. The application of a chicken molecular marker combination as a detection site for identifying the width of the intramuscular fat of chicken is characterized in that the molecular marker comprises a molecular marker 1 and a molecular marker 2 which are respectively a chicken ALDH1A3 gene 3' non-coding region sequence g.355T > C molecular marker and g.405A > G molecular marker,
the haplotype individual muscle fat width of which the genotype of the molecular marker of g.355T > C is TC and the genotype of the molecular marker of g.405A > G is AA is smaller,
the haplotype individual intramuscular fat with the genotype of the molecular marker of g.355T > C being TT and the genotype of the molecular marker of g.405A > G being AA is wider,
the haplotype with the genotype of the g.355T > C molecular marker as TC and the genotype of the g.405A > G molecular marker as AG, or the haplotype with the genotype of the g.355T > C molecular marker as CC and the genotype of the g.405A > G molecular marker as AG has intermediate fat width among muscles.
2. Use of a detection reagent comprising a combination of molecular markers as defined in claim 1 for detecting chicken fat wideness between muscles.
3. A pair of primers for detecting the molecular markers of the 3' non-coding region sequences g.355T > C and g.405A > G of the chicken ALDH1A3 gene is characterized in that the nucleotide sequences are shown as SEQ ID NO: 1-2.
4. Use of the primer of claim 3 for detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination of claim 1 or one of the molecular markers.
5. The application of the primer of claim 3 in detecting the width of the chicken intramuscular fat or preparing a kit for detecting the width of the chicken intramuscular fat.
6. A method for detecting the width of intramuscular fat in chicken, which comprises detecting the genotype of the combination of molecular markers according to claim 1 in a sample chicken.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the primer of claim 3 is used to detect the genotype of the molecular marker combination of claim 1 in the sample chicken.
8. A kit for detecting chicken fat width between muscles, comprising a reagent for detecting the genotype of the molecular marker combination according to claim 1 in a sample chicken.
9. The kit of claim 8, wherein the reagent is the primer of claim 3.
10. Use of the detection site of claim 1, the primer of claim 3, the method of claim 6, or the kit of claim 8 for molecular assisted breeding.
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CN107267637A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-10-20 华南农业大学 The related molecular labeling of one breeder intramuscular fat width and its application
CN110468213A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-19 扬州大学 A kind of black chicken inosinicacid of gold thatch and the relevant molecular labeling of intramuscular fat content and application
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114622020A (en) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-14 华南农业大学 KLHL31 gene molecular marker related to chicken growth traits and application thereof
CN114622020B (en) * 2022-03-30 2022-09-27 华南农业大学 KLHL31 gene molecular marker related to chicken growth traits and application thereof

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