CN112224606A

CN112224606A - Lovers' container made by blow moulding

Info

Publication number: CN112224606A
Application number: CN202010313878.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成甫渊
Original assignee: Sung Bo Youn
Current assignee: Sung Bo Youn
Priority date: 2019-07-15
Filing date: 2020-04-20
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Also published as: JP2022542654A; CN115003604A; CN115003604B; WO2021010729A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a lover's container made by blow molding, an opening is formed on the upper side, the upper part of the opening periphery is in a container shape, the lover's container comprises a combination part, wherein a protruding part is formed on one side of a reference surface in the side surface based on a preset reference position in the horizontal width direction, a recessed part is formed on the other side of the reference position, the other side part of the protruding part is in a shape extending from the reference position to the other side position towards the other side direction of a preset first interval, one side part of the recessed part is in a shape extending from the reference position to one side position towards a preset second interval, the boundary surface connecting the other side of the protruding surface and one side of the recessed surface respectively forms an acute angle with the protruding surface and the recessed surface by taking the reference position as the center, the shape of the corner part formed by the reference surface and the protruding part and the recessed part continuously and transversely forms from one end to the other end in the vertical direction, wherein the lower part including the opening of the combining part is provided with a whole body with a preset thickness range.

Description

Lovers' container made by blow moulding

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a couple container manufactured by blow molding, and more particularly, to a couple container manufactured by blow molding in which 2 adjacent containers can be coupled or separated from each other after being identically manufactured by blow molding.

Background

Generally, containers formed by blow molding plastic materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polypropylene (PP) are widely used for storing or storing various beverages such as soft drinks, tea, and wine or powdered contents therein, and the contents can be easily taken out as needed.

Such a container manufactured by blow molding has an interior partitioned to accommodate contents, a mouth for the contents to enter and exit is formed substantially in a partial region of the upper portion, and a cap for restricting the contents from entering and exiting is provided at the mouth.

In addition, when the contents contained in the container manufactured by blow molding are liquid, the container generally contains one kind of contents, and the user may drink the contents by putting a mouth on the opened mouth in some cases.

As described above, a container made by blow molding is generally used one-to-one for each user, and the kind of liquid contents is also limited to one.

For example, when 2 or more kinds of beverages are to be stored, blow-molded containers corresponding to the respective beverages are prepared, but these blow-molded containers are separated from each other, and therefore, there is a problem that storage or carrying is difficult.

For the above reasons, the related industries have developed a couple container that combines 2 containers into one set so that 2 or more users can separately drink in a sanitary and convenient manner or drink the beverage in the combined container according to preference.

In the prior art, korean laid-open patent No. 10-2013-0108796 (hereinafter, referred to as "prior art 1") and korean granted patent No. 10-1022665 (hereinafter, referred to as "prior art 2") disclose that a protruding type bonding portion is formed on one of the bonding surfaces facing each other, and a recessed type bonding portion corresponding to the protruding type bonding portion is formed on the other bonding surface, so that the bonding and separation can be performed by the insertion form of the concavo-convex structure.

In the related art 1, in the pair of containers, the protruding coupling portion is formed on the side wall of one container and the recessed coupling portion is formed on the other container, and in the coupling, the protruding coupling portion of one container is inserted into the recessed portion of the other container, and in this state, the coupling is performed by the relative rotation.

The related art 1 is a case where the coupling or separation is performed in a state where each neck opening of each container is covered with the cap, and on the other hand, when the coupling or separation is performed in a state where the cap is opened, there is a possibility that the contents contained in the container may leak through the inclined neck opening.

Further, in the conventional art 1, it is necessary to manufacture not only the container having the protruding type coupling portion and the container having the recessed type coupling portion, respectively, but also to select different types from each other to use as the couple container, and therefore there is a complicated problem and difficulty in managing each type separately.

In addition, in an embodiment of prior art 2, a single-form container is manufactured in which a protruding type coupling portion is formed at a position that is weighted toward one side from a widthwise center and a recessed type coupling portion is formed at a position that is weighted toward the other side from the widthwise center, and when 2 containers are arranged to face each other, the opposing protruding type coupling portion is inserted into or separated from the recessed type coupling portion in a forced insertion manner.

In the above-mentioned prior art 2, when 2 containers are coupled or separated, the contents in the containers are instantaneously tilted to one side (yaw movement) due to the force and movement of the coupling pressure or more in the coupling direction, and in this case, when the cap of the bottle mouth is opened, the contents may leak during the coupling or separation movement.

Korean laid-open patent No. 10-2013-0107126 (hereinafter, referred to as 'prior art 3') discloses a prior art for preventing leakage of contents from the shaking motion.

As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, in the above-mentioned prior art 3, the mode of coupling or separating 2 couple containers 1 is realized by the track protrusion 2 and the track groove portion 3 formed on the side wall of the container 1 toward the opening forming direction on the upper side of the container 1, and thus the effect of reducing the rocking motion of the liquid contents corresponding to the positional shift of the container 1 at the time of coupling or separating can be expected.

However, as is clear from fig. 6 and 7, since the prior art 3 is manufactured by an injection molding method, the shape of the opening can be formed only in the same shape as the horizontal cross section of the inside.

Here, most beverage containers are manufactured by blow molding, and the shape of the container manufactured by blow molding is formed in a state where the upper side portion except the neck finish portion is covered with a thickness range substantially the same as the side wall, and the thickness range depends on the size of the container and the thickness and form of the parison thereof.

Documents of the prior art

Patent documents:

patent document 1 korean laid-open patent publication No. 10-2013-0108796 (2013.10.07 publication)

Patent document 2 korean granted patent No. 10-1022665 (2011.03.22. publication)

Patent document 3 korean laid-open patent publication No. 10-2013-0107126 (2013.10.01).

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lover's container made by blow molding, in which side wall portions made by blow molding are maintained at the same level of thickness and are coupled to each other between the same coupling portions facing each other, thereby realizing the simplification of a mold and the reduction of manufacturing costs and product management costs.

In order to achieve the above object, the lover's container according to the present invention has a container shape in which an opening is formed on an upper side and an upper portion of a peripheral edge of the opening is integrally covered with a side wall, and includes a coupling portion 20, wherein a protruding portion 16 having a protruding shape which is stepped from a reference plane F is formed on one side a with respect to a reference position CP preset in a horizontal width direction on at least one reference plane F among a plurality of side surfaces, a recessed portion 18 having a recessed shape which is stepped from the reference plane F is formed on the other side B with respect to the reference position CP, the other side portion of the protruding portion 16 has a shape which is extended in the other side direction of a preset first interval d from the reference position CP to the other side B position, and one side portion of the recessed portion 18 has a shape which is extended in the one side direction of a preset second interval d from the reference position CP to the one side a position, a boundary surface BW connecting the other side of the protruding surface PF and the one side of the recessed surface CF forms an acute angle with respect to the protruding surface PF and the recessed surface CF, respectively, with the reference position CP as a center, and the reference surface F is formed to continuously cross the corner portion formed by the protruding portion 16 and the recessed portion 18 from one end to the other end in the vertical direction, wherein the lower portion of the opening including the coupling portion 20 is integrally formed to have a predetermined thickness range by blow molding.

Preferably, the first support surface a standing from the reference surface F of the one side a and the second support surface B standing from the reference surface F of the other side B in the depth direction with respect to the reference position CP are formed at acute angles equal to or larger than the acute angle formed by the boundary surface BW, and further, acute angles in the opposite direction to the boundary surface BW may be formed with respect to the protruding surface PF and the recessed surface CF, respectively.

Preferably, the lock protrusion 22 or the lock groove 24 is formed in the middle portion of the boundary surface BW in the vertical direction at a position in the direction of the projecting surface PF with reference to the reference position CP, and the lock groove 24 or the lock protrusion 22 corresponding to the lock protrusion 22 or the lock groove 24 is formed in the position in the direction of the recessed surface CF with reference to the reference position CP.

Preferably, the shape and volume of the inside of the recess 18 are formed by the shape and size of the protrusion 16 or more, which is disposed opposite to the recess and inserted into the recess.

According to the above-described structure of the present invention, the containers having the same shape and manufactured by blow molding are inserted and coupled or separated in a vertically sliding manner in a state where the coupling portions are aligned with each other, and are manufactured by using a mold having a single shape, so that manufacturing cost can be saved, and the containers can be selectively combined with other contents, and the containers can be easily managed due to the single shape, and the shaking of the contents can be prevented in a state where the opening of the container is opened during the coupling or separation process, so that the ejection of the contents due to the shaking can be reduced, and the bottle cap can be coupled or separated by sliding one of the containers upward, so that the bottle cap can be easily opened or closed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a couple container according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a plan state system diagram showing a structure of a joint portion for explaining fig. 1;

fig. 3a to 3c are plan-state system diagrams for explaining a process of bonding the bonding parts facing each other to each other in a horizontal direction;

fig. 4a to 4c are sectional views showing the structure and action of a mold for manufacturing a container including the coupling part of fig. 1;

fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a modification of the present invention and a coupling relationship of the modification;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the coupling relationship between lover's containers according to the prior art;

fig. 7 is a sectional view in a planar state showing an intermediate position of fig. 6.

Description of the reference numerals

10: a container, 12: bottle mouth, 14: bottle cap, 16: projection, 18: recessed portion, 20: joint, 22: locking projection, 24: locking groove, 26: deformed guide groove, 28: deformation guide projection, a: one side, B: on the other side, C: horizontal center, CF: depressed face, CP: reference position, F: reference plane, PF: prominent face, BW: boundary surface, a: first support surface, b: second support surface, d': interval, S: a buffer portion.

Detailed Description

The terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be interpreted as limited to general or dictionary meanings, but interpreted as meanings and concepts conforming to the technical idea of the present invention on the basis of the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to explain his invention in the best way.

In addition, since the embodiments and the illustrated configurations described in the description of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be substituted for the present invention at the time of application of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, the upper side expression refers to a portion of each component in the opposite direction of the center of the earth or in the direction thereof, and the lower side expression refers to a portion of each component in the direction of the center of the earth or in the direction thereof, and thus, the description will be made with the opening of the container being located on the upper side.

In the description of the present invention, the description will be made with respect to a case having an opening on the upper side, where the one side expression refers to a portion located in any direction or a direction thereof with respect to the horizontal direction center of the one surface on which the coupling portion is formed, and the other side expression refers to a portion located in another direction or a direction thereof with respect to the horizontal direction center of the one surface.

In describing the present invention, the expression "inside" refers to a portion in the direction of the center of the interior of the container or in the direction thereof, and the expression "outside" refers to a portion in the direction opposite to the inside or in the direction thereof.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The lover container 10 according to the present invention is manufactured by blow molding, as shown in fig. 1, in which a parison (parison) having a neck (screw portion) and called a preform (preform) is placed in a mold having a desired shape and molded by an injection molding machine, heated at a predetermined temperature, and then compressed air is blown, as in a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle.

The lover container 10 produced by blow molding is such that the opening is positioned on the upper side, thereby preventing the contents from flowing out when the bottle cap 14 is opened.

In the lover container 10 manufactured by blow molding as described above, a protrusion 16 and a recess 18 having a protrusion face PF are formed, wherein the protrusion 16 has a first support face a standing from the reference face F substantially on one side with respect to a predetermined reference position CP in the width direction, which is the horizontal direction of the reference face F, and forms a stepped shape with respect to the reference face F, and the recess 18 has a second support face B forming a depth from the reference face F substantially on the other side B, forming a side face in the depth direction, and forming a bottom face in the depth direction with respect to the reference face F, i.e., a recess face CF, with respect to one of the plurality of side faces as the reference face F.

Here, it is preferable that the reference position CP is a position which is located at the center of the reference plane F in the horizontal direction, i.e., the width direction, and is continuous in the vertical direction at the same time.

As will be described later, the reason why the reference position is located at the center in the width direction is that when the couple container 10, which is formed by blow molding and is arranged to rotate 180 ° in the horizontal direction, is coupled to the reference position CP as an axis, both side positions in the horizontal direction of the couple container 10 formed by blow molding are opposed to each other without being shifted from each other, but the reference position is not limited to the center in the width direction.

As shown in fig. 2, the protruding portion 16 is formed such that the other side portion of the protruding surface PF extends from one side a to the other side B at a predetermined first interval d with respect to the reference position CP.

The concave portion B is formed in such a manner that one side portion of the concave surface CF extends from the other side B to the one side a at a predetermined second interval d' with respect to the reference position CP.

In this way, when the reference surface F is viewed from the front, the protruding surface PF and the recessed surface CF overlap each other at the reference position CP to extend the first interval d and the second interval d'.

Here, it is preferable that the second space d 'is a shape (d < d') which invades toward one side and the inside than the first space d, and this shape forms a forming condition of the cushioning portion S so that 2 couple containers 10 made by blow molding, which are coupled to face each other, are coupled to each other in the horizontal direction, as will be described later.

Further, it is preferable that a portion of the concave portion 18 which invades from the reference position CP toward the one side a has a depth in the direction of the one side a and the depth direction with respect to the protruding portion 16 of the couple container 10 which is manufactured by blow molding at the facing position, and a buffer portion S which forms a space with the facing target protruding portion 16 is formed.

Thus, the boundary surface BW connecting the other end of the protruding surface PF and the one end of the recessed surface CF forms an offset angle with respect to the protruding surface PF and the recessed surface CF about the reference position CP, and the offset angle is set to an acute angle range.

Further, it is preferable that the volume range of the depressed portion 18 is set to be equal to or larger than the volume of the protruding portion 16 under the same condition, and is set to be within a predetermined interval range, which is a state where the protruding surface PF and the depressed surface CF are not loosened in a state where they are butted against each other, with the reference surface F and the reference position CP as a boundary.

Preferably, the first support surface a and the second support surface b are within a range of a right angle of the ambient interface BW with respect to the acute angle of the protruding surface PF and the recessed surface CF, respectively, or more, and the direction of the acute angle of the first support surface a and the second support surface b may be formed to be in a direction opposite to the acute angle of the ambient interface BW with respect to the protruding surface PF and the recessed surface CF, respectively.

The angle formed by the first support surface a and the second support surface b is defined in this way, and the first support surface a and the second support surface b are locked to each other by the boundary surface BW in a state of being in contact with each other, so that the protrusion 16 is prevented from being detached from the recess 18 by a force of being detached in the vertical direction with respect to the reference surface F in a state where the opposing couple containers 10 formed by blow molding are coupled.

That is, since the recess 18 has a shape having a wide width in the depth direction and a narrow width in the opposite direction, the same structure is difficult to be separated from a narrow space in the interior thereof.

The reason why the acute angle formed by the first support surface a and the second support surface b is an acute angle or more formed by the boundary surface BW is that the acute angle is naturally deformed and taken out by the operation of the pushing portion receiving the force of the elastic portion when the mold is taken out from the mold to be described later.

As described above, the reference surface F, the first support surface a, the second support surface b, the protruding surface PF, the recessed surface CF, and the boundary surface BW, which form one side surface of the couple container 10 formed by blow molding, constitute one joint portion 20, and the joint portion 20 is formed in a shape that continuously crosses from one end to the other end in the vertical direction with respect to the side surface of the couple container 10 formed by blow molding.

That is, the coupling portion 20 is configured to couple or decouple the coupling between the opposing couple containers 10, which are blow molded, in a manner that they slide in the vertical direction, and to be difficult to couple or decouple in the other directions.

Further, it is preferable that the boundary surface BW has a locking protrusion 22 or a locking groove 24 formed in a middle portion in the vertical direction in a direction toward the projecting surface PF with respect to a reference position CP, and has a locking groove 24 or a locking protrusion 22 formed in a direction toward the recessed surface CF with respect to the reference position CP, respectively, corresponding to the locking protrusion 22 or the locking groove 24.

That is, as shown in fig. 6, the locking protrusions 22 and the locking grooves 24 are horizontally arranged on one boundary surface BW at the same height, and the locking protrusions 22 facing each other are inserted into the locking grooves 24 in a coupled state of the lover containers 10 facing each other and molded by blow molding, thereby functioning to align the lover containers 10 molded by blow molding at the same height and in a parallel state.

Further, in order to vertically couple or decouple the opposing couple containers 10, which are blow molded, the locking projections 22 and the locking grooves 24 are slidably moved by a force equal to or greater than a predetermined force acting in the vertical direction, and in this case, it is preferable that the elastic action to return to the original state together with the bending deformation of the protruding portion 16 portion that invades in the opposite direction with respect to the space formed by the cushion portion S with respect to the reference position CP gives a sense of tightness to the boundary surface BW.

Further, it is apparent that the plurality of locking projections 22 and the locking grooves 24 are formed in a step shape in the vertical direction with respect to the boundary surface BW.

As shown in fig. 6, the protruding portion 16 may be further formed with a deformation guide groove 26 recessed from the protruding surface PF at an intermediate portion in the horizontal width direction and extending in the vertical longitudinal direction, or a deformation guide protrusion 28 protruding from the protruding surface PF and extending in the vertical longitudinal direction.

As is evident from FIGS. 3a to 3c and FIG. 6, the deformed guide grooves 26 are used for coupling the couple container 10, which is made by blow molding, to each other in the horizontal direction in addition to the up-and-down sliding manner.

First, referring to fig. 3a, since the front portion of the protruding portion 16 is formed wider than the entrance of the recessed portion 18 at the corresponding reference surface F, the protruding portion 16 and the protruding portion 16 facing each other are butted in a slightly shifted state.

Fig. 3b shows the deformation relationship of the protrusion 16, which is brought close to each other by the force of pressing the couple container 10 made by blow molding to face each other, when the couple container 10 made by blow molding positioned at the upper side in fig. 3a is in a stationary state, the couple container 10 made by blow molding positioned at the lower side is subjected to the force in the direction of the arrow F1, or when the couple container 10 made by blow molding positioned at the upper side is slowly moved in the direction of the arrow F2, the couple container 10 made by blow molding positioned at the lower side is moved faster than the arrow F2 in the direction of the arrow F3.

As shown in fig. 3b, by the above-described operation, the portion of each protrusion 16 located in the direction of the reference position CP with respect to the deformation guide groove 26 is deformed in the directions of the arrows f1 and f 1' about the deformation guide groove 26 by the angle of the contact boundary surface BW, and this deformation continues until the instant when the position of the first supporting surface a exceeds the boundary position of the second supporting surface b, that is, until the lover containers 10 produced by blow molding move at an interval 1/2 (d ″) therebetween.

At this time, the buffer S secures a space thereof and is not disturbed by deformation of the protruding portion 16 with respect to the deformation guide groove 26.

As shown in fig. 3c, the lover's container 10 made by blow molding and facing each other has a deformation guide protrusion 28 formed in a shape protruding from the concave surface CF in the concave portion 18 corresponding to the deformation guide groove 26.

Here, the deformation guide protrusion 28 formed in the recess 18 has a function opposite to that of the deformation guide groove 26 formed in the protrusion 16, and the deformation guide protrusion 28 formed in the recess 18 is used to keep the first support surface a and the second support surface b in a state of contact when the coupled couple container 10, which is made by blow molding, is spread out in the horizontal direction.

Although the deformation guide groove 26 and the deformation guide projection 28 are not shown, the deformation guide projection 28 may be formed on the projecting surface PF and the recessed surface CF in opposite directions, that is, the deformation guide groove 26 may be formed on the projecting surface PF and the deformation guide projection 26 may be formed on the recessed surface CF.

It is predicted that the deformation guide groove 26 and the deformation guide protrusion 28, which are formed in the opposite phase directions to the deformation guide groove 26 and the deformation guide protrusion 28 described above, can perform the same category of functions as the deformation guide groove 26 and the deformation guide protrusion 28 shown in fig. 3a to 3 c.

The deformation guide groove 26 and the deformation guide protrusion 28 are formed in this way because the joining and separating of the containers are automatically performed in the process of injecting the beverage into each container of the couple's container 10 made by blow molding and in the process of joining and supplying the couple's container 10 made by blow molding into which the beverage has been injected.

That is, the couple container 10 made by blow molding is only bonded in the up-down direction, in the manufacturing process including the injection of the beverage, there are problems that there are a delay due to the space and the bonding, and it is difficult to manufacture the equipment for bonding and the like unreasonable.

Therefore, as described above, the combination in the horizontal direction is because the injection of the beverage and the subsequent process are facilitated.

On the one hand, fig. 4a to 4c are used to illustrate the process of manufacturing a couple container 10 made by blow molding, which will be described below.

First, fig. 4a shows a state in which a parison is set inside before a mold is assembled.

At this time, the slide core (sliding core) for forming the boundary surface BW and the buffer portion S is in a state of having been retreated to a position where there is no interference in the molding position of the couple container 10 prepared by blow molding.

Fig. 4b shows a state in which the push part (push part) of the contact portion between the molds is pushed by the elastic force of the elastic part (elastic part) to move the slide core to the molding position after the molds are combined, and in this state, air pressure is injected into the parison to complete the molding by the molds and the slide core.

Fig. 4c shows a state where the couple container 10 is manufactured by blow molding through a cooling process after molding, and when the mold is opened, the pushing portion is moved to the original position by the elastic portion, and the slide core is retracted to the molding position, and moved to a position where the locking action of the couple container 10 manufactured by blow molding is released.

In this case, the undercut action on the first support surface a and the second support surface b is preferably designed to be within an acute angle range to the extent that the separation can be easily performed by the operating force generated by the movement displacement of the pushing portion by the movement of the elastic portion.

Since an acute angle smaller than the acute angle formed by the first support surface a and the second support surface b is required, it is preferable that the slide core is more quickly retracted by displacement of the pushing portion moved by the elastic portion.

Further, as shown in fig. 3a, the shape of the boundary surface BW is preferably formed in a waveform based on the reference position CP in accordance with the retreating speed and position of the slide core.

Claims

1. A lover's container, the upper side forms the opening, the upper side part of the opening peripheral edge is the container shape that forms and covers as an organic whole with the sidewall, wherein, include the joint part (20), the said joint part (20) forms on at least one reference surface (F) in a plurality of side with the predetermined reference position (CP) in the horizontal width direction as the basis one side (A) forms the protruding portion (16) of the ladder shape from the reference surface (F), form the recess (18) of the ladder shape from the reference surface (F) on the other side (B) with the said reference position (CP) as the basis, the other side part of the said protruding portion (16) takes the form of extending the protruding shape from the said reference position (CP) to the other side (B) position towards the other side of the first interval (d) that is predetermined, one side part of the said recess (18) takes the second interval (d') that is predetermined from the said reference position (CP) to one side (A) position towards the one side (A) position ) A boundary surface (BW) connecting the other side of the projection surface (PF) and the one side of the depression surface (CF) forms an acute angle with respect to the projection surface (PF) and the depression surface (CF) respectively, with the reference position (CP) as a center, and a shape of a corner portion formed by the reference surface (F) and the projection (16) and the depression (18) is formed to continuously traverse from one end to the other end in the vertical direction,

the lower portion of the opening including the coupling portion (20) is made in one piece with a predetermined thickness range by blow molding.

2. The couple container according to claim 1, wherein a first support surface (a) standing from a reference surface (F) of one side (A) and a second support surface (B) of a side surface in a depth direction from the reference surface (F) of the other side (B) with respect to the reference position (CP) are formed as acute angles equal to or larger than an acute angle formed by the boundary surface (BW), and form acute angles in a direction opposite to the boundary surface (BW) with respect to the projected surface (PF) and the recessed surface (CF), respectively.

3. The couple container produced by blow molding according to claim 1, wherein a locking protrusion (22) or a locking groove (24) is formed in a position in the direction of the projecting surface (PF) with respect to the reference position (CP) at an intermediate position in the vertical direction in the boundary surface (BW), and a locking groove (24) or a locking protrusion (22) corresponding to the locking protrusion (22) or the locking groove (24) is formed in a position in the direction of the recessed surface (CF) with respect to the reference position (CP).

4. The couple container made by blow molding according to claim 1, wherein the shape and volume inside the recess (18) are made by the shape and size of the outer shape or more of the protrusion (16) which is provided opposite to the recess and inserted into the recess.