CN112224451B - Low-space-orbit rarefied atmospheric molecule intake device - Google Patents
Low-space-orbit rarefied atmospheric molecule intake device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112224451B CN112224451B CN202011152898.6A CN202011152898A CN112224451B CN 112224451 B CN112224451 B CN 112224451B CN 202011152898 A CN202011152898 A CN 202011152898A CN 112224451 B CN112224451 B CN 112224451B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G4/00—Tools specially adapted for use in space
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecule intake device, and belongs to the field of air-breathing electric propulsion. The device consists of a suction pipe, a reducing cavity, a long straight pipe, a molecular pump, a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor, a signal generator, a pressure gauge a, a storage tank liner, a storage tank shell, a gas tank, a gas bag mounting flange, a gas bag pump mounting flange, a pressure gauge b, a storage tank valve and a pressure gauge c, wherein the components form an air inlet device, a compression device and a gas storage device, can realize the capture and storage of the low space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecules, has higher gas collection efficiency and compression ratio, thereby for the formula of breathing in electric thruster provides sufficient atmosphere working medium, the gasbag has the storage energy, compensates working medium flow, absorbs gaseous working medium's impact pulsating pressure, eliminates harmful vibration, keeps functions such as storage tank relatively stable pressure environment, whole device has advantages such as simple structure, integrated level height, be convenient for the installation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air-breathing electric propulsion, and particularly relates to a device capable of capturing, storing and providing a thin atmospheric working medium for a low-space track air-breathing electric thruster.
Background
The air suction type electric propulsion system has the advantages and technical difficulties which are not possessed by the traditional electric propulsion system: compared with the traditional electric propulsion system, the air suction type electric propulsion system has the advantages of low working orbit (less than 250km), low launching cost, good ground observation condition and the like; meanwhile, due to the existence of the low-space orbit rarefied atmosphere, the development of the electric propulsion system faces the difficulties of difficult acquisition and compensation of working media and the like due to the problems of atmospheric resistance and fuel carrying. Therefore, the air-breathing electric propulsion system uses low-space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecules as a propulsion working medium, and under the ideal condition, the air-breathing electric propulsion system can enable the aerospace craft to complete long-term tasks in the low-space orbit without carrying any propellant. In order to obtain sufficient lean atmospheric working fluid, two key technical problems need to be solved: the device has the advantages that firstly, the device has collection efficiency on atmospheric molecules, and secondly, the compression rate of the device on the atmospheric molecules is considered.
In a low orbit environment (180-250 km), the air environment needs to be reasonably analyzed to perform adaptive improvement on the device, main components of air molecules in the low orbit environment are nitrogen molecules and oxygen atoms, the atmospheric temperature is about 800K, and for a small aircraft, when the speed of the aircraft is the first cosmic speed, the flow state of the air molecules is free molecular flow. Therefore, the optimization of the uptake device inevitably faces problems of pressure resistance, temperature resistance, and the like. On the basis of this, research in the departments of the united states space agency, the european space agency, and the japanese space and aviation research and development institution has shown that the collimated inlet is beneficial for the capture of atmospheric molecules, however, the designed air-breathing propulsion system still needs to carry limited propellant to maintain long-term on-orbit operation.
Therefore, in order to obtain sufficient atmospheric working fluid as propellant, an efficient and reliable intake device with high capture capacity of rarefied atmospheric molecules is needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of designing a low-space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecule intake device, solving the problem that the absorption efficiency and the compression ratio of the current air-breathing electric propulsion system to atmospheric working media are insufficient, realizing reliable storage and control of the atmospheric working media, avoiding waste of the working media, and having the advantages of high efficiency, reliability, economy and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-space-orbit thin atmospheric molecule intake device comprises an air intake device, a compression device and an air storage device.
The air inlet device is positioned at the foremost end of the device in the flight direction and is formed by sequentially arranging a suction pipe type inlet, a reducing cavity and a long straight pipe.
The compression device is arranged at the rear end of the air inlet device and comprises a molecular pump, a pressure gauge a and a control system, wherein an inlet of the molecular pump is directly connected with an outlet of the long straight pipe, the control system comprises a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor and a signal transmitter, and the control system is connected with the molecular pump and the pressure gauge a through signal lines.
The gas storage device is arranged at the rear end of the compression device and consists of a gas tank, a storage tank inner container, a storage tank shell, a gas bag mounting flange, a gas bag pump mounting flange, a pressure gauge b, a pressure gauge c and a storage tank valve.
The front ends of the storage box shell and the storage box inner container are respectively provided with a round hole, and the two round holes are correspondingly and consistently connected with an outlet of the molecular pump.
The storage tank shell and the rear end of the storage tank liner are respectively provided with a round hole, and the two round holes are correspondingly and consistently connected with the inlet of the storage tank valve.
Storage tank shell upper end, storage tank inner bag upper end and gasbag upper end respectively have a round hole, and three round holes correspond unanimously, through gasbag pump mounting flange and the installation of gasbag mounting flange close combination.
The air bag pump is arranged at the round hole at the upper end of the storage tank shell through an air bag pump mounting flange.
The gas tank is connected with the air bag pump through a pipeline and is arranged at the upper end of the shell of the storage tank in parallel.
The whole gas storage device comprises a gas tank, an air bag pump mounting flange, a storage tank shell, a storage tank liner, an air bag and an air bag mounting flange from outside to inside in sequence from top to bottom.
The pressure gauge b is arranged near the valve port of the air bag pump, the pressure gauge c is arranged near the valve port of the storage tank valve, and the air bag pump, the pressure gauge b, the storage tank valve and the pressure gauge c are connected with the control system 20 through signal lines.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the suction pipe type inlet is formed by closely arranging a plurality of suction pipes in a honeycomb shape, and the arrangement mode is used for improving the actual air inlet area of the air inlet and reducing the backflow and the dissipation of the captured air flow.
The suction pipe is made of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and can bear impact corrosion of high-temperature airflow in a low-orbit environment.
The section of the suction pipe is hexagonal, the dimension in the axis direction is larger than that in the section direction, the specific dimension of the suction pipe is obtained by structural optimization of the dimension of the whole device, and the optimal dimension of the suction pipe is 10-30 mm for an air inlet with a windward area of 1 square meter.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the inner wall of the tapered cavity is coated with a magnesium oxide specular reflection material, and incident particles can be specularly reflected.
The section of the tapered cavity is parabolic, the dimension in the axial direction is close to the dimension in the radial direction, and the optimal proportion of the tapered cavity is 1.2.
The convergent chamber is used for converging most incident particles after the mirror reflection in the focus department of parabola under the free molecular flow state condition to the realization is to the initial compression of incident particle, and when few incident particles flow back to the straw entrance, can be reflected back again by the straw formula entry and reduce the gas backward flow and the loss of air inlet unit, further improves air inlet unit's gas uptake ability.
The long straight pipe is made of a material with an adsorption function of foam silicon carbide and is used for further absorbing gas particles collected by compression of the tapered cavity.
The specific size of the long straight pipe is matched with that of the parabolic tapered cavity, and the optimal diameter size of the long straight pipe is equal to the drift diameter size of the parabola.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the control system consists of a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor and a signal transmitter. The power supply is used for providing a power source for the work of the molecular pump, the air bag pump and the storage tank valve; the signal receiver is used for receiving a pressure signal a of a pressure gauge a, a pressure signal b of a pressure gauge b and a pressure signal c of a pressure gauge c; the signal processor is used for processing the received pressure signal and generating a control signal after judgment, the signal transmitter is used for transmitting a control signal a to adjust the power of the molecular pump, transmitting a control signal b to control the opening and closing of the air bag pump, and transmitting a control signal c to control the opening and closing of the storage tank valve.
The molecular pump consists of a protective net, a pump body, an impeller, a stator impeller and a motor component, is suitable for compressing free molecular fluid gas, and is used for directly further compressing atmospheric molecules captured in the gas inlet device. After gas particles enter the molecular pump from the protective net through the long straight pipe, the movable impeller is driven by the electrode to rotate at a high speed, momentum is transferred to the gas particles, the gas particles generate directional motion and flow out of the pump body, and further compression of the gas particles is achieved.
And the pressure gauge a is arranged at the outlet of the molecular pump and used for measuring the numerical value of the gas pressure at the outlet of the molecular pump and transmitting a pressure signal a to the control system. The signal receiver transmits the pressure signal a to the signal processor, the signal processor processes and judges the pressure signal a and generates a control signal a, if the pressure signal a is smaller than a set value (determined by actual working conditions), the signal transmitter transmits the control signal a to the molecular pump to increase the working power of the molecular pump, and if the pressure signal a is smaller than the set value, the signal transmitter transmits the control signal a to the molecular pump to reduce the working power of the molecular pump.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the storage tank shell is made of insulating, light and heat-insulating materials and used for supporting the installation of the storage tank inner container and ensuring the safe storage of atmospheric working media, and the cross section of the storage tank shell is circular, so that the shell weight can be reduced while the sufficient gas storage volume can be ensured.
The inner wall of the inner container of the storage tank is coated with a coating with high temperature resistance and a heat insulation function, so that the influence of external heat conduction on the inside of the storage tank is reduced, and the collected atmospheric working medium is safely stored.
The gas tank is connected with the airbag pumps which are arranged in parallel through pipelines, and can convey the inert gas inside to the airbag.
The gasbag is made by temperature resistant, elastic material, has expansion and shrink function, and inside is filled with the inert gas of certain pressure for carry out shrink and expansion according to the pressure of the interior atmosphere working medium of storage tank, be one kind energy storage device among the gas storage device, can absorb the impact pulsation pressure that different working medium flow brought, in order to realize the regulatory function to the interior atmosphere working medium of storage tank: when atmospheric working medium is compressed and retracted into the inner container of the storage tank by the molecular pump, the atmospheric working medium is accumulated in the inner container of the storage tank and stored; when no gas working medium exists in the storage tank inner container, the air bag can expand to fill the whole storage tank inner container; when the gas working medium is compressed and retracted into the inner container of the storage tank by the molecular pump, the volume of the gas in the air bag is reduced along with the increase of the pressure, so that the gas working medium is stored; when the thruster needs to increase gas working medium, the air bag discharges the gas working medium through the storage tank valve to supplement under the pushing of gas expansion pressure, so as to achieve the effects of pressure stabilization and leakage compensation.
The pressure gauge b is arranged near the air bag pump and used for measuring the value of the gas pressure in the air bag and transmitting a pressure signal b to the control system. The signal receiver transmits a pressure signal b to the signal processor, the signal processor carries out processing judgment and generates a control signal b, the signal transmitter sends the control signal b to the air bag pump for controlling the air bag pump to pump inert gas with certain pressure from the air tank to the air bag, wherein the pre-charging pressure refers to the following numerical values: if the air bag is required to realize the impact buffering effect, the inflation pressure is 90% of the working pressure of the device; if the air bag is required to realize the effect of eliminating pulsation, the inflation pressure is 60 percent of the working pressure of the device; if the air bag is required to achieve the effect of thermal expansion compensation, the inflation pressure is slightly lower than the lowest working pressure of the device.
And the pressure gauge c is arranged near the outlet of the storage tank valve and used for measuring the value of the gas pressure at the outlet of the storage tank valve and transmitting a pressure signal c to the control system. The signal receiver transmits the pressure signal c to the signal processor, the signal processor processes and judges the pressure signal c and generates a control signal c, and the signal transmitter transmits the control signal c to the storage tank valve, so that the storage tank valve is controlled to be opened and closed, and the gas working medium is conveyed to the thruster.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can adapt to the low-space orbit working environment, and has the capability of working under the environment of low pressure, high temperature and complex atmospheric disturbance: the air inlet device has higher collection efficiency and compression ratio for atmospheric molecules, and can effectively reduce the loss of gas backflow dissipation; the compression device can further compress the ingested gas, and the control system can accurately and reliably give instructions according to the pressure values of all parts of the device and adjust the work of corresponding pumps and valves; the gas storage device can reliably store and control the atmospheric working medium, particularly the design of the air bag, and has the functions of storing energy, compensating the flow of the working medium, absorbing the impact pulsating pressure of the gas working medium, eliminating harmful vibration, keeping the relatively stable pressure environment of the storage tank and the like. The whole device has simple structure, high integration level and convenient installation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the construction of an overall apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structural arrangement of the suction pipe type inlet in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the tapered lumen and the elongated straight tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the control system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas storage device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the gas storage device of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1-an air inlet device, 2-a compression device, 3-an air storage device, 11-a suction pipe, 12-a tapered cavity, 13-a long straight pipe, 20-a control system, 21-a power supply, 22-a signal receiver, 23-a signal processor, 24-a signal transmitter, 25-a molecular pump, 26-a pressure gauge a, 30-an air tank, 31-an inner container of a storage tank, 32-a shell of the storage tank, 33-an air bag, 34-an air bag mounting flange, 35-an air bag pump, 36-an air bag pump mounting flange, 37-a pressure gauge b, 38-a pressure gauge c, 39-a valve of the storage tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The application background of the invention is a low-space orbit with the height range of 180-250 km, in the orbit range, for a small aircraft (0.3-5 m), the main flow state of the atmosphere is a free molecular flow state, and the main components of the atmosphere which can be taken in comprise oxygen atoms, nitrogen molecules and other thin atmospheric particles.
In fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the present invention provides a low space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecule intake device, which is composed of an air intake device, a compression device and an air storage device.
The air inlet device is positioned at the foremost end of the device in the flight direction and is formed by sequentially arranging a suction pipe type inlet, a reducing cavity and a long straight pipe.
The compression device is arranged at the rear end of the air inlet device and comprises a molecular pump, a pressure gauge a and a control system, wherein an inlet of the molecular pump is directly connected with an outlet of the long straight pipe, the control system comprises a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor and a signal transmitter, and the control system is connected with the molecular pump and the pressure gauge a through signal lines.
The gas storage device is arranged at the rear end of the compression device and consists of a gas tank, a storage tank inner container, a storage tank shell, a gas bag mounting flange, a gas bag pump mounting flange, a pressure gauge b, a pressure gauge c and a storage tank valve.
The front ends of the storage box shell and the storage box inner container are respectively provided with a round hole, and the two round holes are correspondingly and consistently connected with an outlet of the molecular pump.
The storage tank shell and the rear end of the storage tank liner are respectively provided with a round hole, and the two round holes are correspondingly and consistently connected with the inlet of the storage tank valve.
Storage tank shell upper end, storage tank inner bag upper end and gasbag upper end respectively have a round hole, and three round holes correspond unanimously, through gasbag pump mounting flange and the installation of gasbag mounting flange close combination.
The air bag pump is arranged at the round hole at the upper end of the storage tank shell through an air bag pump mounting flange.
The gas tank is connected with the air bag pump through a pipeline and is arranged at the upper end of the shell of the storage tank in parallel.
The whole gas storage device comprises a gas tank, an air bag pump mounting flange, a storage tank shell, a storage tank liner, an air bag and an air bag mounting flange from outside to inside in sequence from top to bottom.
The pressure gauge b is arranged near the valve port of the air bag pump, the pressure gauge c is arranged near the valve port of the storage tank valve, and the air bag pump, the pressure gauge b, the storage tank valve and the pressure gauge c are connected with the control system 20 through signal lines.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the suction pipe type inlet is formed by closely arranging a plurality of suction pipes in a honeycomb shape, and the arrangement mode is used for improving the actual air inlet area of the air inlet and reducing the backflow and the dissipation of the captured air flow.
The suction pipe is made of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and can bear impact corrosion of high-temperature airflow in a low-orbit environment.
The section of the suction pipe is hexagonal, the dimension in the axis direction is larger than that in the section direction, the specific dimension of the suction pipe is obtained by structural optimization of the dimension of the whole device, and the optimal dimension of the suction pipe is 10-30 mm for an air inlet with a windward area of 1 square meter.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the inner wall of the tapered cavity is coated with a magnesium oxide specular reflection material, and incident particles can be specularly reflected.
The section of the tapered cavity is parabolic, the dimension in the axial direction is close to the dimension in the radial direction, and the optimal proportion of the tapered cavity is 1.2.
The convergent chamber is used for converging most incident particles after the mirror reflection in the focus department of parabola under the free molecular flow state condition to the realization is to the initial compression of incident particle, and when few incident particles flow back to the straw entrance, can be reflected back again by the straw formula entry and reduce the gas backward flow and the loss of air inlet unit, further improves air inlet unit's gas uptake ability.
The long straight pipe is made of a material with an adsorption function of foam silicon carbide and is used for further absorbing gas particles collected by compression of the tapered cavity.
The specific size of the long straight pipe is matched with that of the parabolic tapered cavity, and the optimal diameter size of the long straight pipe is equal to the drift diameter size of the parabola.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the control system consists of a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor and a signal transmitter. The power supply is used for providing a power source for the work of the molecular pump, the air bag pump and the storage tank valve; the signal receiver is used for receiving a pressure signal a of a pressure gauge a, a pressure signal b of a pressure gauge b and a pressure signal c of a pressure gauge c; the signal processor is used for processing the received pressure signal and generating a control signal after judgment, the signal transmitter is used for transmitting a control signal a to adjust the power of the molecular pump, transmitting a control signal b to control the opening and closing of the air bag pump, and transmitting a control signal c to control the opening and closing of the storage tank valve.
The molecular pump consists of a protective net, a pump body, an impeller, a stator impeller and a motor component, is suitable for compressing free molecular fluid gas, and is used for directly further compressing atmospheric molecules captured in the gas inlet device. After gas particles enter the molecular pump from the protective net through the long straight pipe, the movable impeller is driven by the electrode to rotate at a high speed, momentum is transferred to the gas particles, the gas particles generate directional motion and flow out of the pump body, and further compression of the gas particles is achieved.
And the pressure gauge a is arranged at the outlet of the molecular pump and used for measuring the numerical value of the gas pressure at the outlet of the molecular pump and transmitting a pressure signal a to the control system. The signal receiver transmits the pressure signal a to the signal processor, the signal processor processes and judges the pressure signal a and generates a control signal a, if the pressure signal a is smaller than a set value (determined by actual working conditions), the signal transmitter transmits the control signal a to the molecular pump to increase the working power of the molecular pump, and if the pressure signal a is smaller than the set value, the signal transmitter transmits the control signal a to the molecular pump to reduce the working power of the molecular pump.
As a further improvement of the present invention,
the storage tank shell is made of insulating, light and heat-insulating materials and used for supporting the installation of the storage tank inner container and ensuring the safe storage of atmospheric working media, and the cross section of the storage tank shell is circular, so that the shell weight can be reduced while the sufficient gas storage volume can be ensured.
The inner wall of the inner container of the storage tank is coated with a coating with high temperature resistance and a heat insulation function, so that the influence of external heat conduction on the inside of the storage tank is reduced, and the collected atmospheric working medium is safely stored.
The gas tank is connected with the airbag pumps which are arranged in parallel through pipelines, and can convey the inert gas inside to the airbag.
The gasbag is made by temperature resistant, elastic material, has expansion and shrink function, and inside is filled with the inert gas of certain pressure for carry out shrink and expansion according to the pressure of the interior atmosphere working medium of storage tank, be one kind energy storage device among the gas storage device, can absorb the impact pulsation pressure that different working medium flow brought, in order to realize the regulatory function to the interior atmosphere working medium of storage tank: when atmospheric working medium is compressed and retracted into the inner container of the storage tank by the molecular pump, the atmospheric working medium is accumulated in the inner container of the storage tank and stored; when no gas working medium exists in the storage tank inner container, the air bag can expand to fill the whole storage tank inner container; when the gas working medium is compressed and retracted into the inner container of the storage tank by the molecular pump, the volume of the gas in the air bag is reduced along with the increase of the pressure, so that the gas working medium is stored; when the thruster needs to increase gas working medium, the air bag discharges the gas working medium through the storage tank valve to supplement under the pushing of gas expansion pressure, so as to achieve the effects of pressure stabilization and leakage compensation.
The pressure gauge b is arranged near the air bag pump and used for measuring the value of the gas pressure in the air bag and transmitting a pressure signal b to the control system. The signal receiver transmits a pressure signal b to the signal processor, the signal processor carries out processing judgment and generates a control signal b, the signal transmitter sends the control signal b to the air bag pump for controlling the air bag pump to pump inert gas with certain pressure from the air tank to the air bag, wherein the pre-charging pressure refers to the following numerical values: if the air bag is required to realize the impact buffering effect, the inflation pressure is 90% of the working pressure of the device; if the air bag is required to realize the effect of eliminating pulsation, the inflation pressure is 60 percent of the working pressure of the device; if the air bag is required to achieve the effect of thermal expansion compensation, the inflation pressure is slightly lower than the lowest working pressure of the device.
And the pressure gauge c is arranged near the outlet of the storage tank valve and used for measuring the value of the gas pressure at the outlet of the storage tank valve and transmitting a pressure signal c to the control system. The signal receiver transmits the pressure signal c to the signal processor, the signal processor processes and judges the pressure signal c and generates a control signal c, and the signal transmitter transmits the control signal c to the storage tank valve, so that the storage tank valve is controlled to be opened and closed, and the gas working medium is conveyed to the thruster.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the method for optimizing the structure of the air intake device, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A low space orbit rarefied atmosphere molecule absorbs device which characterized in that: the intake device consists of an air inlet device, a compression device and an air storage device;
the air inlet device is positioned at the foremost end of the device in the flight direction and is formed by sequentially arranging a suction pipe type inlet, a gradually reducing cavity and a long straight pipe;
the compression device is arranged at the rear end of the air inlet device and consists of a molecular pump, a pressure gauge a and a control system, wherein the inlet of the molecular pump is directly connected with the outlet of the long straight pipe, the control system consists of a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor and a signal transmitter, and the control system is connected with the molecular pump and the pressure gauge a through signal lines;
the gas storage device is arranged at the rear end of the compression device and consists of a gas tank, a storage tank inner container, a storage tank shell, a gas bag mounting flange, a gas bag pump mounting flange, a pressure gauge b, a pressure gauge c and a storage tank valve;
the front ends of the storage box shell and the storage box inner container are respectively provided with a round hole, and the two round holes are correspondingly and consistently connected with an outlet of the molecular pump;
the rear ends of the storage tank shell and the storage tank liner are respectively provided with a round hole, and the two round holes are correspondingly and consistently connected with the storage tank valve inlet;
the upper end of the storage tank shell, the upper end of the storage tank liner and the upper end of the air bag are respectively provided with a round hole, the three round holes are correspondingly consistent, and are tightly combined and installed through an air bag pump installation flange and an air bag installation flange;
the air bag pump is arranged at a round hole at the upper end of the storage tank shell through an air bag pump mounting flange;
the gas tank is connected with the airbag pump through a pipeline and is arranged at the upper end of the shell of the storage tank in parallel;
the whole gas storage device comprises a gas tank, an air bag pump mounting flange, a storage tank shell, a storage tank liner, an air bag and an air bag mounting flange from outside to inside in sequence from top to bottom;
the pressure gauge b is arranged near the valve port of the air bag pump, the pressure gauge c is arranged near the valve port of the storage tank valve, and the air bag pump, the pressure gauge b, the storage tank valve and the pressure gauge c are connected with the control system 20 through signal lines.
2. The low space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecular ingestion device according to claim 1, wherein:
the suction pipe type inlet is formed by closely arranging a plurality of suction pipes in a honeycomb shape, and the arrangement mode is used for improving the actual air inlet area of the air inlet and reducing the backflow and dissipation of the captured air flow;
the suction pipe is made of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and can bear impact corrosion of high-temperature airflow in a low-orbit environment;
the section of the suction pipe is hexagonal, the dimension in the axis direction is larger than that in the section direction, the specific dimension of the suction pipe is obtained by structural optimization of the dimension of the whole device, and the optimal dimension of the suction pipe is 10-30 mm for an air inlet with a windward area of 1 square meter.
3. The low space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecular ingestion device according to claim 1, wherein:
the inner wall of the tapered cavity is coated with a magnesium oxide specular reflection material which can specularly reflect incident particles;
the section of the tapered cavity is parabolic, the dimension in the axial direction is close to the dimension in the radial direction, and the optimal proportion is 1.2;
the convergent cavity is used for converging most incident particles at the focus of a parabola after being subjected to mirror reflection under the condition of free molecular flow state, so that the initial compression of the incident particles is realized, and when a small part of the incident particles flow back to the inlet of the suction pipe, the incident particles are reflected back to the convergent cavity again through the inlet of the suction pipe, so that the gas backflow and dissipation of the gas inlet device are reduced, and the gas intake capacity of the gas inlet device is further improved;
the long straight pipe is made of a material with an adsorption function of foam silicon carbide and is used for further absorbing gas particles collected by compression of the tapered cavity;
the specific size of the long straight pipe is matched with that of the parabolic tapered cavity, and the optimal diameter size of the long straight pipe is equal to the drift diameter size of the parabola.
4. The low space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecular ingestion device according to claim 1, wherein:
the control system consists of a power supply, a signal receiver, a signal processor and a signal transmitter; the power supply is used for providing a power source for the work of the molecular pump, the air bag pump and the storage tank valve; the signal receiver is used for receiving a pressure signal a of a pressure gauge a, a pressure signal b of a pressure gauge b and a pressure signal c of a pressure gauge c; the signal processor is used for processing the received pressure signal and generating a control signal after judgment, the signal transmitter is used for transmitting a control signal a to adjust the power of the molecular pump, transmitting a control signal b to control the opening and closing of the air bag pump, and transmitting a control signal c to control the opening and closing of the storage tank valve;
the molecular pump consists of a protective net, a pump body, a movable impeller, a stationary impeller and a motor component, is suitable for compressing free molecular fluid gas and is used for directly further compressing atmospheric molecules captured in the gas inlet device; after gas particles enter the molecular pump from the protective net through the long straight pipe, the electrode drives the movable impeller to rotate at a high speed, momentum is transferred to the gas particles, the gas particles generate directional motion and flow out of the pump body, and further compression of the gas particles is achieved;
the pressure gauge a is arranged at the outlet of the molecular pump and used for measuring the numerical value of the gas pressure at the outlet of the molecular pump and transmitting a pressure signal a to the control system; the signal receiver transmits the pressure signal a to the signal processor, the signal processor processes and judges the pressure signal a and generates a control signal a, if the pressure signal a is smaller than a set value, the signal transmitter transmits the control signal a to the molecular pump to increase the working power of the molecular pump, and if the pressure signal a is larger than the set value, the signal transmitter transmits the control signal a to the molecular pump to reduce the working power of the molecular pump.
5. The low space orbit rarefied atmospheric molecular ingestion device according to claim 1, wherein:
the storage tank shell is made of insulating, light and heat-insulating materials, is used for supporting the installation of the storage tank inner container and ensuring the safe storage of atmospheric working media, and has a circular section shape, so that the mass of the shell can be reduced while the sufficient gas storage volume can be ensured;
the inner wall of the inner container of the storage tank is coated with a coating with high temperature resistance and heat insulation functions, and the coating is used for reducing the influence of external heat conduction on the inside of the storage tank and safely storing the collected atmospheric working medium;
the gas tank is connected with the airbag pumps which are arranged in parallel through pipelines and can convey the inert gas in the gas tank to the inside of the airbag;
the gasbag is made by temperature resistant, elastic material, has expansion and shrink function, and inside is filled with the inert gas of certain pressure for carry out shrink and expansion according to the pressure of the interior atmosphere working medium of storage tank, be one kind energy storage device among the gas storage device, can absorb the impact pulsation pressure that different working medium flow brought, in order to realize the regulatory function to the interior atmosphere working medium of storage tank: when atmospheric working medium is compressed and retracted into the inner container of the storage tank by the molecular pump, the atmospheric working medium is accumulated in the inner container of the storage tank and stored; when no gas working medium exists in the storage tank inner container, the air bag can expand to fill the whole storage tank inner container; when the gas working medium is compressed and retracted into the inner container of the storage tank by the molecular pump, the volume of the gas in the air bag is reduced along with the increase of the pressure, so that the gas working medium is stored; when the thruster needs to increase gas working medium, the air bag discharges the gas working medium through a storage tank valve to supplement under the pushing of gas expansion pressure so as to achieve the effects of pressure stabilization and leakage compensation;
the pressure gauge b is arranged near the air bag pump and used for measuring the numerical value of the gas pressure in the air bag and transmitting a pressure signal b to the control system; the signal receiver transmits a pressure signal b to the signal processor, the signal processor carries out processing judgment and generates a control signal b, the signal transmitter sends the control signal b to the air bag pump for controlling the air bag pump to pump inert gas with certain pressure from the air tank to the air bag, wherein the pre-charging pressure refers to the following numerical values: if the air bag is required to realize the impact buffering effect, the inflation pressure is 90% of the working pressure of the device; if the air bag is required to realize the effect of eliminating pulsation, the inflation pressure is 60 percent of the working pressure of the device; if the air bag is required to realize the effect of thermal expansion compensation, the inflation pressure is slightly lower than the lowest working pressure of the device;
the pressure gauge c is arranged near the outlet of the storage tank valve and used for measuring the numerical value of the gas pressure at the outlet of the storage tank valve and transmitting a pressure signal c to the control system; the signal receiver transmits the pressure signal c to the signal processor, the signal processor processes and judges the pressure signal c and generates a control signal c, and the signal transmitter transmits the control signal c to the storage tank valve, so that the storage tank valve is controlled to be opened and closed, and the gas working medium is conveyed to the thruster.
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