CN112224370A - Device and method for utilizing wind energy on commercial ship - Google Patents
Device and method for utilizing wind energy on commercial ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN112224370A CN112224370A CN202011103175.7A CN202011103175A CN112224370A CN 112224370 A CN112224370 A CN 112224370A CN 202011103175 A CN202011103175 A CN 202011103175A CN 112224370 A CN112224370 A CN 112224370A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
- Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for utilizing wind energy on a commercial ship, wherein the device comprises the following components: the wind sail has a large enough wind area, the utilization rate of wind energy in the sailing process of the ship is improved, in addition, the position and state of the wind sail can be changed according to different wind directions in the sailing process of the ship, when the bow comes, the wind sail can be overturned, the windward surface of the wind sail is parallel to the base plane of the ship, and the sailing wind resistance is reduced. When a port or starboard comes, the position of the sail can be adjusted, so that the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder is parallel to the wind direction, a large pressure difference perpendicular to the wind direction can be generated, and further a component force in the sailing direction is generated, so that partial power is provided for sailing of a ship, the oil consumption of the ship is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of the ship are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a device and a method for utilizing wind energy on a commercial ship.
Background
With the development of shipping technology, shipping trade is more and more frequent in the global scope, shipping is an important way for goods transportation, however, during the shipping process, a large amount of fuel is consumed, harmful waste gases such as carbon monoxide are emitted, and serious pollution is caused to the environment, so that the problem of how to reduce the fuel consumption of the ship and reduce the exhaust gas emission of the ship is a puzzle.
In recent years, researchers convert and apply wind energy on sailing ships, convert the wind energy into boosting force during the sailing of the ships, provide partial power for the sailing of the ships, reduce the fuel consumption of the ships, and realize the energy conservation and emission reduction of the ships. The ship sails on the sea, the sea level is open, the wind resistance is small, and the sea wind energy resources are abundant, so that the ship has great advantage of boosting by using wind energy.
A rotating cylinder is vertically placed on the ground, and at the moment, if the rotating cylinder is acted by transverse wind, the wind speed of the side, rotating along the wind, of the cylinder is accelerated, the wind speed of the side, rotating along the wind, of the cylinder is slowed down, according to Bernoulli's law, the pressure intensity is reduced due to the increase of the fluid speed, the pressure intensity is increased due to the reduction of the fluid speed, and therefore the cylinder generates pressure difference perpendicular to the direction of the incoming wind in the horizontal direction, acting force perpendicular to the direction of the incoming wind is formed, and Magnus effect stress is formed.
In view of this, although it is a good idea that the cylinder can generate the propulsive force in the bow direction when the ship is driven by a port wind or a starboard wind when the ship is driven by a starboard wind when the cylinder is vertically installed on the vessel being sailed, the propulsive force generated by the magnus effect is small relative to the propulsive force required by the ship because the wind receiving area of the cylinder is limited, and the propulsive force is not particularly preferable for the vessel being sailed. In addition, the wind columns of the traditional magnus effect cause additional wind resistance when the ship bow comes.
Aiming at the problems, if the sail can be invented on a sailing ship, the sail not only has a large enough wind area, but also can change the position and the state along with the change of the wind direction, and has a larger practical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a device and a method for utilizing wind energy on a commercial ship.
A first object of the invention is to propose a device for harnessing wind energy on commercial ships.
The device includes: the device comprises a left rotating cylinder, a right rotating cylinder, a hinge, a base, a track, a support column and a sail, wherein the left rotating cylinder and the right rotating cylinder are the same in size and shape.
The base includes: base recess, hydraulic motor gear, synchromesh. Set up hydraulic cylinder in inside the base, hydraulic cylinder includes: piston rod, piston rod hinged support, hydro-cylinder hinged support.
A left side is revolved a section of thick bamboo and is the cylinder that has certain thickness, revolves a section of thick bamboo and revolves a section of thick bamboo with the right side on the surface, in, down the position fixed section of thick bamboo guide rail of revolving respectively revolves on a left side, be close to the bottom position fixed section of thick bamboo internal tooth of revolving respectively at the internal surface, revolve the bottom of a section of thick bamboo and the right side of revolving a section of thick bamboo and all be equipped with and revolve the seat, revolve the shape of seat for cylindrical, its diameter is less than and revolves a section of thick bamboo diameter soon, fixed motor on revolving the seat, the motor passes through gear and revolves a section of thick bamboo internal tooth and mesh mutually, sets up annular groove at the seat surface soon, revolves a left side and revolves a section.
The sail encloses the left-handed cylinder and the right-handed cylinder, and the inner side of the sail is provided with an upper layer of groove, a middle layer of groove and a lower layer of groove which are respectively matched with an upper guide rail, a middle guide rail and a lower guide rail of the left-handed cylinder and the right-handed cylinder.
The hinge comprises an upper assembly and a lower assembly, the rotary seat is fixed to the top of the upper assembly, the lower assembly is fixed to the base, and the lower assembly is provided with a horizontal position sensor and a vertical position sensor.
The support is close to the bow of the ship, is rigidly fixed on the deck of the ship, has the height of 3m to 4m, and is rigidly fixed with a track.
The track comprises a left track and a right track, the shapes of the left track and the right track are 1/4 circular arcs with certain widths, the left track and the right track are symmetrical about a middle longitudinal section of a ship and are symmetrical, the symmetrical planes are parallel to a middle transverse section of the ship, the left track is tangent to a ship port, the right track is tangent to a ship starboard, a stay cord displacement sensor is fixed to one end of each of the left track and the right track respectively, one end of a steel wire rope of a wire outlet in the stay cord displacement sensor on the left track is fixed to a base matched with a left rotary drum, and one end of the steel wire rope of the wire outlet in the stay cord displacement sensor on the right track is fixed to the base matched with the right rotary drum.
The base is cylindrical, and the diameter of the base is equal to the width of the track. The hydraulic motor is arranged inside the base, a gear of the hydraulic motor is connected with the hydraulic motor through a rotating shaft and is located on one side of the base, racks are respectively arranged on two sides of the track, and the gear of the hydraulic motor is matched with the rack on one side of the track. The synchronous gear and the hydraulic motor gear are equal in size and shape, are located at the same height, are rigidly fixed on the other side of the base and are matched with the racks on the other side of the rail. The base is additionally provided with a base groove which can be matched with the track, so that the rotary cylinder and the corresponding base can move along the track.
The oil cylinder hinged support is fixed on the bottom surface inside the base, and the oil cylinder is matched with the oil cylinder hinged support through a rotating shaft.
The piston rod hinged support is fixed on the upper assembly of the hinge, and the piston rod is matched with the piston rod hinged support through a rotating shaft.
A second object of the invention is to propose a method for harnessing wind energy on commercial ships.
Set up wind direction sensor at boats and ships higher position, wind direction information can be judged to wind direction sensor, and wind direction information's judgement is as follows: the angle turned by the ship in the counterclockwise direction to the incoming wind direction is theta, the range of theta is (0, 360), if theta is belonged to (135 degrees and 225 degrees), the ship bow incoming wind is judged, if theta is belonged to (0 degrees and 45 degrees), the ship stern incoming wind is judged, if theta is belonged to (225 degrees and 315 degrees), the ship port incoming wind is judged, and if theta is belonged to (45 degrees and 135 degrees), the ship starboard incoming wind is judged.
A control device is arranged on the ship, and the control device can output signals to control the starting, stopping and steering of the motor according to the wind direction information received by the wind direction sensor and can also output signals to control the starting, stopping and steering of the electromagnetic directional valve. The electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received information, and further controls the start, stop and steering of the hydraulic motors corresponding to the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder, so that whether the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder move or not is controlled. When the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder move to the set positions corresponding to the wind direction information, the pull rope displacement sensor feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motor is stopped, and the electromagnetic directional valve is in a locking oil port state, so that an oil path of the hydraulic motor is locked, and the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder are locked at the corresponding positions.
In the sailing process of the ship, if the ship is acted by wind, the wind speed on the side rotating along the wind is accelerated, the wind speed on the side rotating along the upwind is slowed down, the pressure intensity is reduced due to the increase of the fluid speed according to Bernoulli's law, the pressure intensity is increased due to the reduction of the fluid speed, and therefore the pressure difference perpendicular to the direction of the incoming wind is generated in the horizontal direction, and the transverse force perpendicular to the direction of the incoming wind is formed.
When wind comes from the port of a ship, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve immediately, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, and further controls the starting, stopping and steering of the hydraulic motors corresponding to the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder, the hydraulic motors drive the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder to move, when the hydraulic motors move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder is parallel to the wind direction, the stay cord displacement sensor feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motors is stopped, and the oil circuit of the hydraulic motors is locked due to the fact that the electromagnetic directional valve is in the locking oil port state, and the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder are. Meanwhile, the control device can control the motors in the left rotating cylinder and the right rotating cylinder to work, and further drives the left rotating cylinder and the right rotating cylinder to rotate clockwise from top to bottom, so that the wind sail is driven to rotate clockwise, according to Bernoulli's law, the increase of the fluid speed can lead to the decrease of the pressure intensity, and the decrease of the fluid speed can lead to the increase of the pressure intensity, so that the wind sail can generate a pressure difference perpendicular to the wind direction, and a transverse force is formed, and the transverse force can generate course component force along the bow direction and can boost the navigation of the ship.
When wind comes from the starboard of the ship, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve immediately, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals so as to control the starting, stopping and turning of the hydraulic motors corresponding to the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder, the hydraulic motors drive the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder to move, when the hydraulic motors move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder is parallel to the wind direction, the stay cord displacement sensor feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position and stops supplying liquid to the hydraulic motors, and the oil circuit of the hydraulic motors is locked because the electromagnetic directional valve is in a locking oil port state, so that the oil circuit of each left rotary cylinder and each right rotary cylinder are. Meanwhile, the control device can control the motors in the left rotating cylinder and the right rotating cylinder to work, and further drives the left rotating cylinder and the right rotating cylinder to rotate anticlockwise from top to bottom, so that the wind sail is driven to rotate anticlockwise, according to Bernoulli's law, the increase of the fluid speed can lead to the reduction of the pressure intensity, the reduction of the fluid speed can lead to the increase of the pressure intensity, so that the wind sail can generate a pressure difference perpendicular to the wind direction, and a transverse force is formed, and the transverse force can generate course component force along the bow direction and can boost the navigation of the ship.
When the ship bow comes, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device immediately controls the motors in the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder to stop working, and simultaneously outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve which controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals so as to control the starting, stopping and steering of the hydraulic motors corresponding to the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder, the hydraulic motors drive the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder to move, when the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, the stay cord displacement sensor feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, so that the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position to stop supplying liquid to the hydraulic motors, because the electromagnetic directional valve is in a locking oil port state, the oil circuit of the hydraulic motors is locked, and all the left rotary cylinder and the right, at the moment, a signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic directional valve by the control device, hydraulic oil of the hydraulic oil cylinder is controlled to enter from an opening a of the oil cylinder and exit from an opening b of the oil cylinder, so that the piston rod is driven to move towards the opening b direction along the oil cylinder, the upper assembly of the hinge is driven to overturn relative to the lower assembly, the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder are overturned, the sail is driven to overturn, when the upper assembly overturns to the position of the horizontal position sensor, the horizontal position sensor feeds back a signal to the control device, the control device immediately controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a middle position, oil supply to the hydraulic oil cylinder is stopped, and at the moment, the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder.
When the wind from the bow of the ship is converted into the wind in other directions, the control device transmits signals to the electromagnetic directional valve to control the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic oil cylinder to enter from the port b and exit from the port a of the oil cylinder so as to drive the piston rod to move towards the port a along the oil cylinder and further drive the upper assembly of the hinge to turn relative to the lower assembly so as to turn the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder and further drive the sail to turn.
When the stern of the ship is windy, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device immediately controls the motors in the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder to stop working, and simultaneously outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve which controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals so as to control the starting, stopping and steering of the hydraulic motors corresponding to the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder, the hydraulic motors drive the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder to move, when the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder and the right rotary cylinder is moved to a position parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, namely the sail is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, a pull rope displacement sensor feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, so that the electromagnetic directional valve is in a middle position to stop supplying liquid to the hydraulic motors, and the oil circuit of the hydraulic motors is locked because the electromagnetic directional valve is in a locking oil, and locking each left-handed cylinder and each right-handed cylinder at corresponding positions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sail of the device can be adjusted to be parallel to the incoming wind direction when the ship is in a port wind or starboard wind, so that the sail generates a pressure difference perpendicular to the incoming wind direction and forms a transverse force, and the transverse force generates a heading component force along the bow direction to provide partial power for the navigation of the ship.
2. The sail of the device can be adjusted according to different wind directions, and can be turned to be parallel to the base plane of the ship when the ship sails against the wind, so that the problem of large wind resistance of the traditional rotary-drum sail when the ship sails against the wind is solved.
3. The sail of the device can also maximally utilize the wind coming from the stern of the ship, and the position of the sail can be adjusted when the stern of the ship comes, so that the sail is parallel to the middle cross section of the ship, the wind energy generated when the stern comes is maximally utilized, the oil consumption of the ship is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of the ship are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional model of the present invention on a vessel;
FIG. 3 is an internal structural view of a base in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional model of the combination of the rotary cylinder and the sail of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the swivel and hinge of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional model of the mounting positions of the motor and the internal teeth of the rotary cylinder in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional model of the mounting positions of the rotary cylinder, the hinge and the base in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic position diagram of a horizontal position sensor and a vertical position sensor;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the position of the pull-cord displacement sensor on the track of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional model of the base on a rail according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the direction of travel of the ship and the wind direction angle of the wind direction;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a control device of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the present invention when the ship is on the port side;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a solenoid operated directional valve control hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a three-dimensional model of a hydraulic ram of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the present invention with the swivel turned over when the bow is coming;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the sail of the present invention shown inverted during a bow wind;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the rotary cylinder of the present invention when not windy from the bow;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the sail of the present invention in the aft position;
in the drawings: 1. a left-handed barrel; 2. a right-handed barrel; 3. a hinge; 4. a base; 401. a base groove; 402. a hydraulic motor; 403. a hydraulic motor gear; 404 synchronizing the gears; 5. a track; 6. a pillar; 7. a sail; 8. a hydraulic cylinder; 801. a piston rod; 802. a piston rod hinged support; 803. an oil cylinder; 804. an oil cylinder hinged support 9 and a rotary cylinder guide rail; 10. inner teeth of the rotary cylinder; 11. an electric motor; 12. rotating the base; 13. stay cord displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
An apparatus and method for utilizing wind energy on a commercial ship, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a left-handed rotating cylinder 1, a right-handed rotating cylinder 2, a hinge 3, a base 4, a track 5, a support 6 and a sail 7, wherein the left-handed rotating cylinder 1 and the right-handed rotating cylinder 2 are the same in size and shape. The three-dimensional model of the inventive device on a ship is shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the base 4 includes: a base groove 401, a hydraulic motor 402, a hydraulic motor gear 403, a synchronizing gear 404. Set up hydraulic cylinder 8 inside base 4, hydraulic cylinder 8 includes: a piston rod 801, a piston rod hinged support 802, an oil cylinder 803 and an oil cylinder hinged support 804.
The left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 are cylinders with certain thickness, the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a rotating cylinder guide rail 9 at the upper, middle and lower positions of the outer surface, the sail 7 encloses the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2, and the inner side of the sail is provided with an upper layer of groove, a middle layer of groove and a lower layer of groove which are respectively matched with the upper, middle and lower guide rails of the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2, as shown in fig. 4.
The bottom of the left rotating cylinder 1 and the bottom of the right rotating cylinder 2 are both provided with a rotating seat 12, as shown in fig. 5, the rotating seat 12 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the rotating seat is smaller than that of the rotating cylinder. As shown in fig. 6, the inner surfaces of the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 are respectively fixed with the inner teeth 10 of the rotating cylinder at positions close to the bottom, the motor 11 is fixed on the rotating base 12, the motor 11 is meshed with the inner teeth 10 of the rotating cylinder through a gear, the outer surface of the rotating base 12 is provided with an annular groove, the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 are respectively sleeved on the rotating base 12 and are matched with the annular groove, and therefore the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 can rotate around respective axes.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the hinge 3 is composed of an upper assembly and a lower assembly, which can be turned over relatively, wherein the lower assembly is provided with a horizontal position sensor and a vertical position sensor.
The rotary base 12 is fixed on the top of the upper assembly, and the lower assembly is fixed on the base 4.
The oil cylinder hinged support 804 is fixed on the bottom surface inside the base 4, and the oil cylinder 803 is matched with the oil cylinder hinged support 804 through a rotating shaft, so that the oil cylinder 803 can turn relative to the oil cylinder hinged support 804.
The piston rod hinge support 802 is fixed on the upper assembly of the hinge 3, and can realize the overturning of the piston rod 801 relative to the upper assembly of the hinge 3.
The support 6 is close to the bow of the ship, is rigidly fixed on the deck of the ship, has the height of 3m to 4m, and is rigidly fixed with a track 5. The struts 6 are provided for the purpose of: the personnel on the ship can not be influenced to walk on the deck.
The track 5 comprises a left track and a right track, the left track and the right track are the same and are all 1/4 circular arcs with certain widths, the left track and the right track are symmetrical about a middle longitudinal section of the ship and are also symmetrical, the symmetrical planes are parallel to a middle transverse section of the ship, the left track is tangent to a port of the ship, the right track is tangent to a starboard of the ship, pull rope displacement sensors 13 are respectively fixed at one ends of the left track and the right track, as shown in fig. 9, a steel wire rope of a wire outlet in the pull rope displacement sensor 13 on the left track is fixed on a base 4 matched with the left rotary drum 1, a steel wire rope of a wire outlet in the pull rope displacement sensor 13 on the right track is fixed on the base 4 matched with the right rotary drum 2, and the pull rope displacement sensors 13 on the right track have the functions that: the motion of the left rotary drum 1 and the right rotary drum 2 is converted into an electric signal which can be measured or recorded and is fed back to the control device.
The base 4 is cylindrical and has a diameter equal to the width of the rail 5. The hydraulic motor 402 is arranged in the base 4, the hydraulic motor gear 403 is connected with the hydraulic motor 402 through a rotating shaft and is located on one side of the base 4, racks are respectively arranged on two sides of the rail 5, and the hydraulic motor gear 403 is matched with the racks on one side of the rail 5. The synchronous gear 404 and the hydraulic motor gear 403 are equal in size and shape, are located at the same height, are rigidly fixed on the other side of the base 4, and are matched with the racks on the other side of the track 5. The base 4 is further provided with a base groove 401, which can also cooperate with the rail 5, so that the rotary cylinder and the corresponding base 4 can move along the rail 5, as shown in fig. 10.
Set up wind direction sensor at boats and ships higher position, wind direction information can be judged to wind direction sensor, and wind direction information's judgement is as follows: as shown in fig. 11, the angle of turning the ship's sailing direction counterclockwise to the incoming wind direction is θ, and the range of θ is (0, 360), and if θ e (135 °, 225 °, it is determined that the ship has a wind coming from the bow of the ship), if θ e (0 °, 45 ° ] (315 °, 360 °), it is determined that the ship has a wind coming from the stern of the ship, if θ e (225 °, 315 °), it is determined that the ship has a wind coming from the port of the ship, and if θ e (45 °, 135 °), it is determined that the ship has a wind coming from the starboard of the ship.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the control device of the present invention, in which numeral 11 is an electric motor 11, numeral 402 is a hydraulic motor 402, numeral 1 is a left-hand cylinder 1, numeral 2 is a right-hand cylinder 2, numeral 8 is a hydraulic cylinder 8, and numeral 13 is a rope displacement sensor 13. As shown in fig. 12, a control device is provided in the ship, and the control device outputs a signal to control the start, stop and steering of the electric motor 11 according to the wind direction information received by the wind direction sensor, and also outputs a signal to control the start, stop and steering of the electromagnetic directional valve, and the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil according to the received signal, so as to control the start, stop and steering of the hydraulic motor 402 corresponding to the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2, and thus control whether the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 move. When the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 move to the positions set corresponding to the wind direction information, the pull rope displacement sensor 13 feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motor 402 is stopped, and as the electromagnetic directional valve is in a locking oil port state, an oil path of the hydraulic motor 402 is locked, and the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 are locked at the corresponding positions.
During the sailing process of the ship, if the ship is influenced by wind, the wind speed of the sail 7 is accelerated at the side rotating along the wind, the wind speed at the side rotating against the wind is reduced, according to Bernoulli's law, the pressure intensity is reduced due to the increase of the fluid speed, the pressure intensity is increased due to the reduction of the fluid speed, and therefore the pressure difference perpendicular to the incoming wind direction is generated in the horizontal direction of the sail 7, and the transverse force perpendicular to the incoming wind direction is formed.
When the ship port comes, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device outputs signals immediately to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil according to the received signals, further controlling the start, stop and turning of the hydraulic motor 402 corresponding to the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2, the hydraulic motor 402 driving the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 to move, when the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 move to the position where the central connecting line is parallel to the wind direction, the stay cord displacement sensor 13 feeds back a signal to the control device, the control device outputs a signal at the moment, so that the electromagnetic directional valve is in a middle position, the liquid supply to the hydraulic motor 402 is stopped, because the electromagnetic directional valve is in a locked oil port state, the oil passage of the hydraulic motor 402 is blocked to lock each of the left-hand and right- hand barrels 1 and 2 in the corresponding position. Meanwhile, the control device controls the motors 11 in the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 to work, and further drives the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 to rotate clockwise as seen from top to bottom, so as to drive the wind sail 7 to rotate clockwise, according to bernoulli's law, the increase of the fluid speed will cause the pressure intensity to decrease, and the decrease of the fluid speed will cause the pressure intensity to increase, so that the wind sail 7 generates a pressure difference perpendicular to the wind direction, and a transverse force is formed, and the transverse force can generate a heading component force along the bow direction to assist the sailing of the ship, as shown in fig. 13.
When the ship starboard comes, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device immediately outputs a signal to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil according to the received signal, further controlling the start, stop and turning of the hydraulic motor 402 corresponding to the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2, the hydraulic motor 402 driving the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 to move, when the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 move to the position where the central connecting line is parallel to the wind direction, the stay cord displacement sensor 13 feeds back a signal to the control device, the control device outputs a signal at the moment, so that the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position, the liquid supply to the hydraulic motor 402 is stopped, because the electromagnetic directional valve is in the oil port locking state, the oil passage of the hydraulic motor 402 is blocked to lock each of the left-hand and right- hand barrels 1 and 2 in the corresponding position. Meanwhile, the control device can control the motors 11 in the left-handed barrel 1 and the right-handed barrel 2 to work, and further drive the left-handed barrel 1 and the right-handed barrel 2 to rotate anticlockwise from top to bottom, so that the wind sail 7 is driven to rotate anticlockwise, according to Bernoulli's law, the increase of the fluid speed can lead to the decrease of the pressure intensity, and the decrease of the fluid speed can lead to the increase of the pressure intensity, so that the wind sail 7 can generate a pressure difference perpendicular to the wind direction, and a transverse force can be formed, and the transverse force can generate a heading component force along the direction of the bow of the ship to assist the navigation of the ship.
When the ship bow comes, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device immediately controls the electric motors 11 in the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 to stop working, namely the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 stop rotating, meanwhile, the control device outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valves, the electromagnetic directional valves control the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, further control the start, stop and steering of the hydraulic motors 402 corresponding to the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2, the hydraulic motors 402 drive the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 to move, when the hydraulic motors move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, the stay cord displacement sensor 13 feeds back signals to the control device, at the moment, the control device outputs signals to enable the electromagnetic directional valves to be in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motors 402 is stopped, and the electromagnetic directional, therefore, the oil path of the hydraulic motor 402 is locked to lock each left rotary cylinder 1 and each right rotary cylinder 2 at the corresponding positions, at this time, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the control device transmits a signal to the electromagnetic directional valve to control the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 to enter from the port a and exit from the port b of the oil cylinder 803, so as to drive the piston rod 801 to move along the oil cylinder 803 to the port b, further drive the upper assembly of the hinge 3 to turn over relative to the lower assembly, so that the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 turn over, so as to drive the sail 7 to turn over, when the upper assembly turns over to the position of the horizontal position sensor, the horizontal position sensor feeds back a signal to the control device, and the control device immediately controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the middle position to stop. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the left-handed cylinder 1 and the right-handed cylinder 2 are turned to the positions where their respective axes are parallel to the base plane of the ship, so as to reduce the windward area of the sail 7, and thus reduce the wind resistance of the ship during sailing.
When the wind from the bow of the ship is converted into the wind in other directions, the control device transmits a signal to the electromagnetic directional valve to control the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 to enter from the port b of the oil cylinder 803 and exit from the port a, so as to drive the piston rod 801 to move along the direction of the port a of the oil cylinder 803, further drive the upper assembly of the hinge 3 to turn over relative to the lower assembly, so that the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 turn over, so as to drive the wind sail 7 to turn over, when the upper assembly turns over to the position of the vertical position sensor, that is, when the rotary cylinder turns over to the vertical position, the vertical position sensor feeds back a signal to the control device, the control device immediately controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the middle position, and stops supplying oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder 8, and at the moment, the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 turn.
When the stern of the ship is windy, the wind direction sensor transmits the sensed wind direction information to the control device in a signal form, the control device immediately controls the motors 11 in the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 to stop working, namely the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 stop rotating, meanwhile, the control device outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, further controls the starting, stopping and steering of the hydraulic motors 402 corresponding to the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2, the hydraulic motors 402 drive the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 to move, when the position is moved to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, namely the wind sail 7 is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, the pull rope displacement sensor 13 feeds back signals to the control device, at the moment, the control device outputs signals to, the liquid supply to the hydraulic motor 402 is stopped, and because the electromagnetic directional valve is in the oil port locking state, the oil path of the hydraulic motor 402 is locked, and each of the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 is locked at the corresponding position, at this time, the projected area of the sail 7 in the incoming wind direction is the largest, the boosting effect of the incoming wind from the stern on the invention is effectively utilized, and the schematic diagram of the invention in the wind direction state is shown in fig. 19.
The center of the rotary cylinder described above refers to any point on the central axis of the rotary cylinder, and the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder 1 and the right rotary cylinder 2 refers to the connecting line of two points on the same horizontal plane where the central axes of the two rotary cylinders intersect.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited by the above embodiments, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for harnessing wind energy from a commercial vessel, comprising: the device comprises a left-handed cylinder (1), a right-handed cylinder (2), a hinge (3), a base (4), a track (5), a support column (6), a sail (7), a hydraulic oil cylinder (8), a motor (11), a rotary seat (12) and a pull rope displacement sensor (13), wherein a rotary cylinder guide rail (9) and a rotary cylinder inner tooth (10) are arranged on the left-handed cylinder (1) and the right-handed cylinder (2),
the base (4) comprises: a base groove (401), a hydraulic motor (402), a hydraulic motor gear (403) and a synchronous gear (404),
the hydraulic cylinder (8) comprises: the piston rod hinge support comprises a piston rod (801), a piston rod hinge support (802), an oil cylinder (803) and an oil cylinder hinge support (804).
2. An apparatus for harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel, according to claim 1, wherein: the hinge (3) is composed of an upper assembly and a lower assembly, the top of the upper assembly is fixedly provided with a rotary seat (12), and the lower assembly is fixed on the base (4).
3. An apparatus for harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel, according to claim 1, wherein: the track (5) comprises a left track and a right track, wherein the left track and the right track are the same and are both 1/4 circular arcs with certain widths in shapes, the left track and the right track are symmetrical about a longitudinal section in the ship and are symmetrical with each other, the symmetrical plane is parallel to a middle transverse section of the ship, the left track is tangent to a port of the ship, and the right track is tangent to a starboard of the ship.
4. An apparatus for harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel, according to claim 1, wherein: stay cord displacement sensor (13) are fixed respectively in the orbital one end of left side and right, and the wire rope of outlet in stay cord displacement sensor (13) on the left track is fixed on base (4) with a left rotary drum (1) complex, and the wire rope of outlet in stay cord displacement sensor (13) on the right track is fixed on base (4) with a right rotary drum (2) complex.
5. An apparatus for harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel, according to claim 1, wherein: the piston rod hinged support (802) is fixed on an upper component of the hinge (3).
6. A method of harnessing wind energy on a commercial ship using the apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the method is provided with a wind direction sensor, a horizontal position sensor, a vertical position sensor and a control device, wherein the wind direction sensor can judge wind direction information, the angle of the turning of the ship in the counterclockwise direction to the wind coming direction is set as theta, the range of the theta is (0, 360), if theta is in the shape of (135 degrees and 225 degrees), the ship is judged to be coming wind at the bow of the ship, if theta is in the shape of (0 degrees and 45 degrees) (U is 315 degrees and 360 degrees), the ship is judged to be coming wind at the stern of the ship, if theta is in the shape of (225 degrees and 315 degrees), the ship is judged to be coming wind at the port of the ship, if theta is in the shape of (45 degrees and 135 degrees), the ship is judged to be coming wind at the starboard of,
the horizontal position sensor and the vertical position sensor are arranged on the lower component of the hinge (3),
the control device can output signals to control the starting, stopping and steering of the motor (11) according to wind direction information received by the wind direction sensor, and can also output signals to control the starting, stopping and steering of the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, so as to control the starting, stopping and steering of the hydraulic motor (402) corresponding to the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2), so as to control whether the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) move, when the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) move to positions set corresponding to the wind direction information, signals are fed back to the control device by the pull rope displacement sensor (13), and the control device outputs signals at the moment, so that the electromagnetic directional valve is located at a middle position, and liquid supply to the hydraulic motor (402) is stopped.
7. A method of harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel according to claim 6, wherein: if the wind direction sensor judges that wind direction information is left wind, the control device immediately outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, and further controls the starting, stopping and turning of the hydraulic motors (402) corresponding to the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2), the hydraulic motors (402) drive the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to move, when the hydraulic motors move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) is parallel to the wind direction, the pull rope displacement sensor (13) feeds back signals to the control device, the control device outputs signals at the moment, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motors (402) is stopped, the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) are locked at corresponding positions, and meanwhile, the control device can control the motors (11) in the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to work, and then the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) are driven to rotate clockwise from top to bottom, so that the sail (7) is driven to rotate clockwise.
8. A method of harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel according to claim 6, wherein: if the wind direction sensor judges that the wind direction information is starboard wind, the control device immediately outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, and further controls the starting, stopping and turning of the hydraulic motors (402) corresponding to the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2), the hydraulic motors (402) drive the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to move, when the hydraulic motors move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) is parallel to the wind direction, the pull rope displacement sensor (13) feeds back signals to the control device, at the moment, the control device outputs signals, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motors (402) is stopped, the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) are locked at corresponding positions, and meanwhile, the control device can control the motors (11) in the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to work, and then the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) are driven to rotate anticlockwise from top to bottom, so that the sail (7) is driven to rotate anticlockwise.
9. A method of harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel according to claim 6, wherein: if the wind direction sensor judges that the wind direction information is the wind from the bow, the control device immediately controls the motors (11) in the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to stop working, meanwhile, the control device outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, and further controls the starting, stopping and steering of the hydraulic motors (402) corresponding to the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2), the hydraulic motors (402) drive the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to move, when the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) move to the position where the central connecting line is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, a pull rope displacement sensor (13) feeds back signals to the control device, at the moment, the control device outputs signals to enable the electromagnetic directional valve to be in the middle position, liquid supply to the hydraulic motors (402) is stopped, the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) are locked, at the moment, a signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic directional valve by the control device, hydraulic oil of the hydraulic oil cylinder (8) is controlled to enter from the port a and exit from the port b of the oil cylinder (803), so that the piston rod (801) is driven to move towards the port b along the oil cylinder (803), further the upper assembly of the hinge (3) is driven to turn over relative to the lower assembly, the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) are turned over, the sail (7) is driven to turn over, when the upper assembly turns over to the position of the horizontal position sensor, the horizontal position sensor feeds back a signal to the control device, the control device immediately controls the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a middle position, oil supply to the hydraulic oil cylinder (8) is stopped, and at the moment, the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) turn over to the.
10. A method of harnessing wind energy at a commercial vessel according to claim 6, wherein: if the wind direction sensor judges that the wind direction information is stern wind, the control device immediately controls the motors (11) in the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to stop working, namely the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) stop rotating, meanwhile, the control device outputs signals to control the electromagnetic directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil according to the received signals, and further controls the start and stop and the steering of the hydraulic motors (402) corresponding to the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2), the hydraulic motors (402) drive the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) to move, when the hydraulic motors move to the position where the central connecting line of the left rotary cylinder (1) and the right rotary cylinder (2) is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, namely the wind sail (7) is parallel to the middle transverse section of the ship, a pull rope displacement sensor (13) feeds back signals to the control device, and then the control device outputs signals, and (3) enabling the electromagnetic directional valve to be in a middle position, stopping supplying liquid to the hydraulic motor (402), and locking each left rotary cylinder (1) and each right rotary cylinder (2) at corresponding positions.
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Effective date of registration: 20240410 Address after: 230000 b-1018, Woye Garden commercial office building, 81 Ganquan Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee after: HEFEI WISDOM DRAGON MACHINERY DESIGN Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 266000 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, No. 99 Patentee before: QINGDAO University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Country or region before: China |