CN112222542A - Turning method of large-pitch sawtooth thread - Google Patents
Turning method of large-pitch sawtooth thread Download PDFInfo
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- CN112222542A CN112222542A CN202011184852.2A CN202011184852A CN112222542A CN 112222542 A CN112222542 A CN 112222542A CN 202011184852 A CN202011184852 A CN 202011184852A CN 112222542 A CN112222542 A CN 112222542A
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- turning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/44—Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting
Abstract
The invention relates to a turning method of a large-pitch sawtooth thread, which comprises the steps of feeding a cutter to a diameter direction by 0.2-0.3 mm depth by taking a working surface of a large-pitch sawtooth thread groove as a reference during rough turning, turning a first layer of first cutter, retracting the cutter to return to a starting point, shifting the cutter to a non-working surface of the thread groove by 0.5-1 mm smaller than a circular arc of a cutter point, turning a second layer of second cutter, repeating the steps until only a smooth cutter amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the first layer of starting point of the thread, feeding the cutter to the first layer of the first cutter in the diameter direction, starting turning a second layer of the first cutter, shifting the cutter to a non-working surface of the thread groove until the smooth cutter amount is left in the width of the thread groove, sequentially repeating each step until the smooth cutter amount is left in the depth of the thread groove, turning by adopting a left-right profile layered turning method during finish turning, turning the working surface and, the thread bottom of the thread groove is turned later, the width and the depth of the thread groove are ensured, the thread machining precision and the machining efficiency are improved, the cost is saved, and the quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thread machining, and particularly relates to a turning method of a large-pitch sawtooth thread.
Background
The sawtooth-shaped thread is generally used as a fastening connection thread, and the thread is difficult to remove chips and easy to cause chip accumulation in the turning process of the thread due to asymmetrical tooth form, large thread pitch and narrow and deep thread groove, so that the phenomena of burning, beating, gnawing, binding and the like are caused; and because chip removal is difficult, the cutting resistance is large, the heat dissipation of the cutter is not good, the cutter and a workpiece are easy to generate large thermal deformation, the processing precision is reduced, the other surface is easy to scratch after chips are accumulated, the contact length of a cutting edge of the cutter and a thread ridge is large, and abnormal sound and vibration are easy to occur in the processing process. In conclusion, the zigzag thread belongs to a thread structure which is difficult to process, and the traditional processing method of the positive and negative edge forming by sharpening has more defects, such as: the cutting edge stress surface of the tool is large in processing, the tool is easy to vibrate, scrap iron is accumulated in the turning process, the tool is easy to burn and knock, the tool is seriously consumed, the requirement on the shape of the hard alloy tool edge grinding is high, the precision is difficult to control, the labor intensity is high, the cost is high, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for turning the large-pitch zigzag threads.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the chip removal is difficult, the cutting resistance is large, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the thread precision and the roughness can not meet the requirements in the turning process of machining the large-pitch sawtooth-shaped thread by the traditional cutter grinding forming positive and negative cutter driving method, and provides the large-pitch sawtooth-shaped thread turning method which can improve the thread machining precision and the machining efficiency, save the cost and ensure the machining quality of a product.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is realized as follows:
a turning method for a coarse-pitch sawtooth thread is realized according to the following steps:
step 1), preparation before turning: selecting a cutter meeting the requirements according to basic parameters of the turned thread, determining rough machining and finish machining allowances, and finishing cutter setting work;
step 2), rough turning: turning by adopting a unilateral shift layered feed method, firstly, taking the working surface of a thread groove as a reference, feeding the tool 0.2-0.3 mm deep in the diameter direction, turning a first layer of first tool, retracting the tool and returning to a tool starting point, then, the cutter is shifted to the non-working surface of the thread groove by a distance which is 0.5-1 mm less than the arc of the cutter point, the turning of a first layer of second cutter is carried out, the steps are repeated until only smooth cutter amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the first layer of thread starting point, feeding the cutter again in the diameter direction for 0.2-0.3 mm, turning a second layer of first cutter, retracting the cutter to return to the first layer of thread starting point, shifting the cutter to the non-working surface of the thread groove again until only the smooth cutter amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the second layer of thread starting point, and repeating the turning steps of each layer in sequence until only the smooth cutter amount is left in the depth of the thread groove;
step 3), finish turning: a method of layered turning of left and right profiles is adopted; finish turning adopts a mode of radial feed at least twice, firstly, turning a first layer of turning, firstly, turning a working surface of a thread groove, then, shifting to a non-working surface of the thread groove, and turning the non-working surface of the thread groove; returning to the first layer of starting point, feeding again in the diameter direction, turning a second layer, turning the working surface of the thread groove, shifting the cutter, turning the non-working surface of the thread groove, and repeating the steps until the depth of the thread groove is reached; during fine machining, the working surface and the non-working surface of the thread groove are firstly turned, then the tooth bottom of the thread groove is turned, and the width and the depth of the thread groove are ensured.
In the step 2), the cutting depth of each layer of first cutting edge is not more than 0.3mm, and the displacement distance of each layer of second cutting edge to the non-working surface is not more than 3.5 mm.
In step 3), the cutting depth of the first cutting edge of each layer is not more than 0.15mm, and at least 2 times of cutting edges are generally carried out.
The thread machining process is carried out by applying a layered cutting method to the whole thread machining process of the internal thread and the external thread.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, by adopting the turning method of unilateral shift layered feed, when the lathe is rough, other feeds are carried out every time except for the first cutter on each layer, the cutter only has at most two cutting edges to be contacted with a part, the cutting chips are obliquely and outwards discharged and cannot be accumulated in the thread groove, so that the two side surfaces of the thread groove can obtain better roughness, and when the lathe is finish-turned, the method of left and right profile layered turning is adopted, so that repeated turning is avoided, chatter is caused, and the precision of the thread is improved. Meanwhile, the defects that the chip removal is difficult, the cutting resistance is large, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, the thread precision and the roughness cannot be met and the like in the turning process of machining the large-pitch sawtooth-shaped thread by the traditional cutter grinding forming positive and negative cutter driving method are overcome. The turning method of the invention not only improves the thread machining precision and the machining efficiency, saves the cost, but also ensures the machining quality of the product. The invention has the advantages of wide processing range, high efficiency, low cost, good processing quality and ideal effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a coarse pitch serrated threaded product workpiece of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a parameter plot of a coarse pitch buttress thread of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a coarse plus trace plot for coarse pitch buttress thread turning according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a fine track diagram for turning coarse pitch buttress threads of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the invention discloses a large-pitch sawtooth internal thread workpiece and a turning method of the large-pitch sawtooth internal thread, as shown in figure 1, wherein the left-handed large-pitch sawtooth internal thread at the right end of the workpiece shown in figure 1 is processed, and the processing method comprises the following steps:
step 1), preparation before turning: selecting a cutter meeting the requirements according to the basic parameters of the thread teeth in the figure 2, determining the rough machining allowance and the finish machining allowance, and finishing the cutter setting work; in consideration of the tool cutting amount, the durability and the machining efficiency, an R5 mechanically clamped circular arc tool is selected for rough machining. According to the parameters of the large-pitch sawtooth-shaped thread, an R3 machine clamped arc cutter is selected and used, and the single side of the rough machining allowance is 0.3 mm.
Step 2), rough turning: turning by adopting a unilateral shift layered feed method, firstly determining the feed direction from the left side to the right side, firstly cutting a first layer of first cutter by taking a 90-degree surface of a thread groove working surface as a reference: feeding the thread in the diameter direction for 0.2-0.3 mm, and turning the effective length (L-L1)/2 of the thread; cutting a first layer by a second cutter: shifting the cutter to the non-working surface of the thread groove by a distance less than 3.5mm, and turning the effective length of the thread; repeating the steps until only the smooth cutting amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the first layer of first cutter starting point of the thread, and cutting the second layer of first cutter: continuously feeding the thread in the diameter direction for 0.2-0.3 mm, and turning the effective length (L-L1)/2 of the thread; cutting a second layer by a second cutter: continuously shifting the cutter to the non-working surface of the thread groove by a distance less than 3.5mm, and turning the effective length of the thread; repeating the steps until only the smooth cutting amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the first cutter starting point on the second layer of the thread, feeding the cutter again in the diameter direction for 0.2-0.3 mm, turning the first cutter on the third layer, turning the first cutter on the fourth layer by using the second cutter … …, and sequentially repeating the turning steps on each layer by using the second cutter … … until only the smooth cutting amount is left in the depth of the thread groove;
step 3), finish turning: the left and right profile layered turning method is adopted, firstly, the working surface of a thread groove is turned, and generally, the finish turning adopts a mode of radial feed at least twice. Turning a first layer: feeding the tool in the diameter direction for 0.1-0.15 mm deep turning of a working surface of a thread groove, then shifting the tool to a non-working surface of the thread groove, and turning the non-working surface of the thread groove; turning a second layer: the diameter direction is fed again for turning the working surface of the thread groove with the depth of 0.1-0.15 mm, then the thread groove is shifted to the non-working surface of the thread groove, and the non-working surface of the thread groove is turned; repeating the steps until reaching the depth of the thread groove. During fine machining, the working surface and the non-working surface of the thread groove are firstly turned, then the tooth bottom of the thread groove is turned, and the width and the depth of the thread groove are ensured.
According to the turning method adopting the unilateral shift layered feed for rough turning, disclosed by the invention, the cutter only has two cutting edges to contact with parts at most, the cutting chips can be discharged outwards in an inclined mode, the cutting chips cannot be accumulated in the thread groove, the chip removal is smooth, and the phenomenon that the two side surfaces of the thread groove are burnt, brokened, gnawed and scratched due to the accumulation of scrap iron is avoided, so that the two side surfaces of the thread groove can obtain better roughness, generally ranging from Ra3.2 to Ra6.3, and a good foundation is laid for fine turning to obtain better surface roughness. Although some operation steps can be added in the practical application of the turning mode of the unilateral shift layered feed, the defects of iron scrap accumulation, difficult chip removal, high cost, low efficiency, unsatisfied thread precision and roughness and the like in the turning process of the traditional cutter grinding forming positive and negative cutter driving method are well overcome.
Claims (4)
1. A turning method of a large-pitch sawtooth thread is characterized in that: the method is realized according to the following steps:
step 1), preparation before turning: selecting a cutter meeting the requirements according to basic parameters of the turned thread, determining rough machining and finish machining allowances, and finishing cutter setting work;
step 2), rough turning: turning by adopting a unilateral shift layered feed method, firstly, taking the working surface of a thread groove as a reference, feeding the tool 0.2-0.3 mm deep in the diameter direction, turning a first layer of first tool, retracting the tool and returning to a tool starting point, then, the cutter is shifted to the non-working surface of the thread groove by a distance which is 0.5-1 mm less than the arc of the cutter point, the turning of a first layer of second cutter is carried out, the steps are repeated until only smooth cutter amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the first layer of thread starting point, feeding the cutter again in the diameter direction for 0.2-0.3 mm, turning a second layer of first cutter, retracting the cutter to return to the first layer of thread starting point, shifting the cutter to the non-working surface of the thread groove again until only the smooth cutter amount is left in the width of the thread groove, returning the cutter to the second layer of thread starting point, and repeating the turning steps of each layer in sequence until only the smooth cutter amount is left in the depth of the thread groove;
step 3), finish turning: the method of layered turning of the left and right profiles is adopted, fine turning is carried out in a mode of radial feed at least twice, the first layer of turning is carried out firstly, the working surface of a thread groove is turned firstly, then the thread groove is shifted to the non-working surface of the thread groove, and the non-working surface of the thread groove is turned; and returning to the first layer of starting point, feeding again in the diameter direction, turning a second layer, turning a working surface of the thread groove, shifting a cutter to turn a non-working surface of the thread groove, repeating the steps until the depth of the thread groove is reached, turning the working surface and the non-working surface of the thread groove, and then turning the bottom of the thread groove to ensure the width and the depth of the thread groove.
2. The turning method of a coarse-pitch serrated thread as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), the cutting depth of each layer of first cutting edge is not more than 0.3mm, and the displacement distance of each layer of second cutting edge to the non-working surface is not more than 3.5 mm.
3. The turning method of a coarse-pitch serrated thread as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: in step 3), the cutting depth of the first cutting edge of each layer is not more than 0.15mm, and at least 2 times of cutting edges are generally carried out.
4. The turning method of a coarse-pitch serrated thread as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: the thread machining process is carried out by applying a layered cutting method to the whole thread machining process of the internal thread and the external thread.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011184852.2A CN112222542A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Turning method of large-pitch sawtooth thread |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011184852.2A CN112222542A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Turning method of large-pitch sawtooth thread |
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| CN112222542A true CN112222542A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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| CN202011184852.2A Pending CN112222542A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Turning method of large-pitch sawtooth thread |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114012186A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-02-08 | 海天塑机集团有限公司 | Feeding system and method for turning threads |
| CN114871457A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-09 | 大连船用柴油机有限公司 | Method for processing zigzag threads of hydraulic nut of large ship shafting |
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| US5144871A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-09-08 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K. | Numerically controlled screw cutting method for fine screw surface finishing |
| CN103941636A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-23 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical controller having function of re-machining thread cutting cycle |
| CN105880748A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-24 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Turning method for buttress thread |
| CN108672841A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-19 | 钱立民 | A method of utilizing slot knife turning tooth bottom screw thread |
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2020
- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011184852.2A patent/CN112222542A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5144871A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-09-08 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K. | Numerically controlled screw cutting method for fine screw surface finishing |
| CN103941636A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-23 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical controller having function of re-machining thread cutting cycle |
| CN105880748A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-24 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Turning method for buttress thread |
| CN108672841A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-19 | 钱立民 | A method of utilizing slot knife turning tooth bottom screw thread |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 孔庆涛: "水系统45°锯齿形螺纹数控车削加工与编程的应用研究", 《装备制造技术》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114012186A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-02-08 | 海天塑机集团有限公司 | Feeding system and method for turning threads |
| CN114871457A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-09 | 大连船用柴油机有限公司 | Method for processing zigzag threads of hydraulic nut of large ship shafting |
| CN114871457B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-11-03 | 大连船用柴油机有限公司 | Processing method of zigzag threads of hydraulic nut of large ship shafting |
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