CN112219962A - Air-conditioning insecticidal system - Google Patents
Air-conditioning insecticidal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112219962A CN112219962A CN202011117781.4A CN202011117781A CN112219962A CN 112219962 A CN112219962 A CN 112219962A CN 202011117781 A CN202011117781 A CN 202011117781A CN 112219962 A CN112219962 A CN 112219962A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3409—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23L3/3418—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3409—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23L3/34095—Details of apparatus for generating or regenerating gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a controlled atmosphere insecticidal system, comprising: carrying out airtight enclosure; a hypoxic device; an adjustment device; and a control device configured to control an oxygen content within the airtight enclosure to be lower than the first oxygen content range, control a humidity within the airtight enclosure to be a first humidity range, and control a temperature within the airtight enclosure to be a first temperature range. The invention improves the insecticidal efficiency by combined air conditioning, provides an environment-friendly, convenient and efficient insecticidal method, has the advantages of safety, batch treatment and the like, and is an insecticidal system with high system automation degree and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of controlled atmosphere disinsection, in particular to a controlled atmosphere disinsection system.
Background
The problem of worm damage of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the storage process is common, the cost for fumigating and disinfecting the traditional Chinese medicinal materials by entrusting part of medicine enterprises to a third party organization is high, and the risk of overproof residues is easy to occur; the prescription of Chinese medicinal material warehousing management (SB/T11094-2014) is as follows: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are not required to be fumigated by aluminum phosphide or sulfur, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials stored for more than 30 days are cured by controlled atmosphere storage and the like to achieve the aim of killing insects.
At present, the common carbon dioxide insecticidal method is to dehydrate and anoxic pests to death by increasing the carbon dioxide content in the environment. Since the concentration of carbon dioxide is usually controlled to be about 50% when the carbon dioxide is used for killing insects, and the content of carbon dioxide in the air is only about 0.03%, a large amount of carbon dioxide needs to be stored, the use and the operation are inconvenient, the cost is relatively high, and the greenhouse effect is aggravated by the carbon dioxide released after the insect killing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a controlled atmosphere insecticidal system, which comprises:
carrying out airtight enclosure; a hypoxic device configured to provide a low oxygen content gas; a conditioning device configured to provide gas from the hypoxic device to the gas-tight enclosure and to condition the temperature and humidity of the gas from the hypoxic device; and a control device configured to control an oxygen content within the airtight enclosure to be lower than the first oxygen content range, control a humidity within the airtight enclosure to be a first humidity range, and control a temperature within the airtight enclosure to be a first temperature range.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, wherein the first oxygen content is in the range of 0-3%, preferably 0-2%, most preferably 0-0.5%.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, wherein the first temperature range is 25-40 ℃, preferably 30-40 ℃, most preferably 30-35 ℃.
A modified atmosphere insecticidal system as described above wherein the first humidity range is 20% to 70% RH, preferably 20% to 50% RH, most preferably 20% to 30% RH.
The controlled atmosphere insecticidal system is characterized in that the first oxygen content range is 0-2%, the first temperature range is 30-35 ℃, and the first humidity range is 20% -40% RH.
The controlled atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, wherein the first oxygen content range is 0% -1%, the first temperature range is 25-30 deg.C, and the first humidity range is 20% -50% RH.
The controlled atmosphere insecticidal system comprises 0-0.5% of first oxygen, 25-35 ℃ of first temperature and 20-30% RH of first humidity.
The air-conditioning insecticidal system comprises an airtight enclosure, wherein the airtight enclosure is filled with an insecticide to be killed, and the insecticide to be killed is one or more of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, tobacco, tea leaves, books, archives, silk textiles, wood and bamboo.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of the above, further comprising a carbon dioxide gas source configured to provide carbon dioxide into the airtight enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to control the carbon dioxide content within the airtight enclosure to a predetermined carbon dioxide range.
The controlled atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, further comprising an oxygen content detector configured to detect an oxygen content within the air tight enclosure; wherein the control device is configured to provide the low oxygen gas to the airtight enclosure in response to when the oxygen content within the airtight enclosure is above the first oxygen range.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, the regulating device further comprising: a humidity control assembly configured to provide a humidity conditioned gas into the airtight enclosure or to condition the humidity of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system further comprises: a humidity measurement assembly configured to measure a humidity of a gas within the airtight enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to provide a humidity-conditioned low-oxygen gas to the airtight enclosure or to condition a humidity of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure in response to the humidity within the airtight enclosure exceeding a first humidity range.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, the regulating device further comprising: a temperature control assembly configured to provide a temperature regulated gas into the airtight enclosure or to regulate a temperature of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure.
The modified atmosphere insecticidal system as described above, further comprising a temperature measurement component that collects temperature measurement data within the airtight enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to provide the temperature-regulated hypoxic gas within the airtight enclosure, or to regulate the temperature of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure, in response to when the temperature within the airtight enclosure exceeds a first temperature range.
The air-conditioning insecticidal system comprises an airtight enclosure, an airtight cabinet, an airtight storehouse and a control system.
A combined controlled atmosphere insecticidal method comprising providing hypoxic gas into an airtight enclosure; adjusting the temperature and humidity in the airtight enclosure; controlling the oxygen content in the airtight enclosure to be lower than a first oxygen content range, controlling the humidity in the airtight enclosure to be in a first humidity range, and controlling the temperature in the airtight enclosure to be in a first temperature range; and maintaining the environment within the airtight enclosure for a predetermined time.
The method as described above, comprising: filling carbon dioxide into the airtight enclosure; and controlling the content of the carbon dioxide in the airtight enclosure to be in a preset carbon dioxide range.
The method as described above, comprising: providing a hypoxic gas into the gas-tight enclosure; providing a temperature-regulated hypoxic gas into the airtight enclosure in response to the oxygen content within the airtight enclosure being below a first oxygen threshold; and providing the humidified low-oxygen gas into the airtight enclosure in response to the oxygen content within the airtight enclosure being below a second oxygen threshold.
The method as above, wherein the first oxygen threshold is the same as the second oxygen threshold.
The method as above, wherein the first oxygen threshold is about 5 times the oxygen content of the predetermined oxygen range. The method as above, wherein the first oxygen threshold is about 10 times the oxygen content of the predetermined oxygen range.
The controlled atmosphere insecticidal system provided by the invention improves the insecticidal efficiency by combining the low-oxygen controlled atmosphere, overcomes the technical defects of relatively long insecticidal time and the like, provides an environment-friendly, convenient and efficient insecticidal method, has the advantages of safety, batch processing and the like, and is an insecticidal system with high system automation degree and convenient operation.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hypoxic controlled atmosphere insecticidal system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments of the application. In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the different views. Various specific embodiments of the present application are described in sufficient detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings of the present application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural, logical or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the present application.
The low-oxygen modified atmosphere insecticidal system provided by the invention can be used for assisting in regulating and controlling the humidity and the temperature in the airtight enclosure on the basis of low-oxygen modified atmosphere, stimulating the breathing of pests, prolonging the opening time of the pest valve, accelerating the water consumption of the pests and achieving the effect of killing the pests in a short time.
In addition to killing pests, the term "killing" as used herein refers to inhibiting the physiological activity of pests so that the pests are slow to develop and cannot harm the quality of goods to be killed, such as Chinese medicinal herbs.
The first oxygen content range, the first temperature range and the first humidity range are the best insecticidal parameters obtained in the practical process on the oxygen concentration, the temperature and the humidity. For example, when the temperature and the humidity are fixed, the oxygen concentration range is adjusted, and the oxygen concentration with better insecticidal effect is the first oxygen content range; when the oxygen concentration and the humidity are constant, the temperature range is adjusted, and the temperature range with better insecticidal effect is a first temperature range; the humidity range is adjusted when the oxygen concentration and the temperature are fixed, and the humidity range with better insecticidal effect is a first humidity range.
The first oxygen threshold value refers to that when the modified atmosphere insecticidal system is used for killing insects, low-oxygen-content gas is introduced, so that the total oxygen content in the airtight enclosure is lower than a value, and the value is the first oxygen threshold value. The first oxygen threshold is higher than the fourth oxygen threshold. When the first oxygen threshold is reached, the temperature-adjusted low-oxygen gas can be further introduced into the airtight enclosure, or the temperature can be adjusted through a humidity control assembly in the airtight enclosure.
The second oxygen threshold value refers to that when the controlled atmosphere insecticidal system is used for killing insects, low-oxygen-content gas is introduced, so that the total oxygen content in the airtight enclosure is lower than a numerical value, and the numerical value is the second oxygen threshold value. The second oxygen threshold is higher than the fourth oxygen threshold. When the second oxygen threshold is reached, the humidity-adjusted low-oxygen gas can be further introduced into the airtight enclosure, or the humidity adjustment can be carried out through a humidity control assembly in the airtight enclosure.
The third oxygen threshold and the fourth oxygen threshold as used herein refer to the first oxygen content range or the first oxygen range, the end values of the first oxygen content range, i.e., the minimum value and the maximum value. Wherein the third oxygen threshold is its minimum and the fourth oxygen threshold is its maximum.
The first and second temperature thresholds referred to herein refer to the extremes, i.e., the minimum and maximum, of the first temperature range. Wherein the first threshold value of temperature is the minimum value thereof, and the second threshold value of temperature is the maximum value thereof.
The first humidity threshold and the second humidity threshold as referred to herein refer to the extremes, i.e., the minimum and maximum, of the first humidity range. Wherein the first humidity threshold is the minimum value thereof and the second humidity threshold is the maximum value thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hypoxic controlled atmosphere insecticidal system according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in the figure, the hypoxic controlled atmosphere insecticidal system comprises a hypoxic device 100, a control device 200 and a regulating device 300. The low oxygen apparatus 100 provides a low oxygen content gas to the gas tight enclosure 400. The conditioning device 300 receives the gas delivered by the hypoxic device 100, conditions the temperature and humidity of the gas, etc., and provides the gas to the gas tight enclosure 400. The control device 200 can further control the parameters of the gas inside the gas tight enclosure 400 by controlling the hypoxia device 100 and the adjustment device 300.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the system of the present application has a range of insecticidal parameters that is most suitable. Such as a first oxygen content range, a first humidity range, and a first temperature range, etc. In some embodiments, the above parameters, when combined to kill pests, have the best combination range.
In the present invention, the hypoxic apparatus 100 deliver a gas containing a specific concentration range of oxygen to the regulatory device 300. The adjusting device 300 detects the concentration of specific components in the received gas, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, further adjusts and controls parameters such as temperature and humidity of the gas according to the instruction of the control device 200, and transmits the gas to the airtight enclosure 400, so that the oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, humidity and the like in the airtight enclosure 400 are controlled within a set range.
The hypoxic apparatus 100 includes an oxygen control assembly 101 and an oxygen reduction assembly 102. As the source gas flows through the oxygen reduction assembly 102, the oxygen reduction assembly 102 reduces the oxygen content therein to form a low oxygen content gas. According to one embodiment of the present application, the source gas may be air. According to one embodiment of the present application, the oxygen in the low oxygen content gas is no more than 5% by volume. According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the low oxygen content gas has no more than 1% by volume oxygen. According to an embodiment of the present application, the source gas may also be separated nitrogen, a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, argon, a mixed gas of argon and carbon dioxide, or the like. According to one embodiment of the present application, the oxygen reduction assembly 102 provides a low oxygen content gas to the gas tight enclosure 400. According to one embodiment of the present application, the source gas is delivered to the oxygen reduction assembly 102, and the oxygen reduction assembly 102 further partially or completely removes oxygen mixed in with the source gas flowing therethrough to provide a low oxygen content gas to the outside, for example, to provide a low oxygen content gas to the gas tight enclosure. According to an embodiment of the present application, when the source gas is nitrogen, the nitrogen may be directly supplied to the outside without flowing through the oxygen reduction assembly 102, for example, the nitrogen may be supplied to the airtight enclosure.
The oxygen control module 101 can regulate the oxygen reduction module 102, and control the oxygen reduction module 102 to output a low oxygen content gas containing a range of oxygen. For example, the oxygen control assembly 101 sets the oxygen content at 5% and sends the set value to the oxygen reduction assembly 102. The oxygen reduction assembly 102 receives a setting for reducing oxygen from a source gas flowing therethrough and outputs a low oxygen content gas having an oxygen content of no more than 5% by volume. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the source gas is air or nitrogen, the low oxygen content gas contains primarily nitrogen.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the control device 200 further comprises a display component 201 and a control component 202. The control component 202 regulates and controls different gas concentrations, temperatures, humidities, etc. inside the airtight enclosure 400 through the set parameters, and displays the set parameters on the display component.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the display module 201 can display various gas composition concentration ranges, gas humidity and temperature parameters set by the control module 202, so that the staff member can understand and further set the parameters required by the airtight enclosure 400. According to an embodiment of the present application, the display component 201 can display parameters in the airtight enclosure, such as the type of gas and the composition ratio of each gas, the temperature and humidity in the airtight enclosure, etc., sent by the detection apparatus 500. According to an embodiment of the present application, the worker can compare the parameters set in the airtight enclosure with the real-time parameters in the airtight enclosure in real time by means of the display module 201, so as to adjust the parameters in time, thereby improving the insecticidal efficiency and maintaining the articles to be insecticidal.
According to one embodiment of the present application, a set point, i.e., a set parameter, may be set at the control component 202. In some embodiments, the control module 202 is connected to the hypoxia device 100, the adjustment device 300, and the detection device 500, and sets the settings for different devices, and sends the settings as commands to each device. In some embodiments, the control component 202 sends instructions to the hypoxic device 100 to prepare a hypoxic gas with a specific oxygen concentration, and further sends the hypoxic gas to the regulatory device 300. In some embodiments, the control assembly 202 sends instructions to the conditioning device 300 to configure the gas with a corresponding humidity, temperature, and further send the configured gas to the airtight enclosure. In some embodiments, the control component 202 receives the parameters within the airtight enclosure sent by the detection apparatus 500 and compares the set points within the airtight enclosure to the real-time parameters within the airtight enclosure. In some embodiments, the set point includes, but is not limited to, temperature, humidity, oxygen content, low oxygen gas flow rate, carbon dioxide content, carbon dioxide flow rate.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the control assembly 202 detects whether the gas concentration, flow rate, etc. received by the regulating device 300 meets a set value based on the set value. When the received gas does not meet the set value, for example, according to one embodiment of the present application, when the oxygen content is high, the control module 202 sends a command to the hypoxia device 100 to prepare a gas with a lower oxygen content, thereby reducing the oxygen content to meet the set value.
Conditioning apparatus 300 includes a humidity control assembly 301 and a temperature control assembly 302. The regulating device 300 receives the gas transmitted by the hypoxia device 100, the humidity control component 301 further regulates the humidity of the received gas, and the temperature control component 302 further regulates the temperature of the received gas. In some embodiments, the conditioning device 300 directly regulates the temperature and humidity of the gas inside the airtight enclosure, wherein the humidity control component 301 is disposed inside the airtight enclosure and directly regulates the humidity of the gas inside the airtight enclosure; the temperature control assembly 302 is arranged in the airtight enclosure to directly control the temperature of the gas in the airtight enclosure.
In some embodiments, water is included in moisture control assembly 301 and may further evaporate the water into water vapor. Further, the humidity control component 301 regulates and controls the humidity of the received gas according to the instruction of the control device 200; the temperature control component 302 regulates and controls the temperature of the received gas according to the instruction of the control device 200. Finally, the conditioning apparatus 300 delivers the configured gas to the gas-tight enclosure 400. According to one embodiment of the present application, the regulating device 300 may further regulate the flow rate of the gas delivered by the receiving hypoxic device 100.
According to one embodiment of the application, the low-oxygen controlled-atmosphere insecticidal system further comprises a carbon dioxide gas source. The carbon dioxide gas source is used to provide carbon dioxide with a specific concentration, and is connected to the control device 200 and the regulating device 300 in a manner similar to that of the hypoxic device 100, and the detailed description thereof is omitted here. According to one embodiment of the application, the carbon dioxide gas source may be one or more of a carbon dioxide producing assembly, a carbon dioxide cylinder, dry ice. According to one embodiment of the present application, a carbon dioxide gas source delivers carbon dioxide gas to a flow control assembly that detects and controls the amount of carbon dioxide in the gas delivered to the regulating device. The auxiliary addition of carbon dioxide on the basis of the original low-oxygen gas can promote the breathing of pests, accelerate the evaporation of water of the pests and improve the insecticidal efficiency. Meanwhile, the insecticidal efficiency can be improved, and the problems of relatively low oxygen content concentration requirement, high system air tightness requirement, relatively long insecticidal time and the like in the simple low-oxygen insecticidal process are solved.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the hypoxic controlled atmosphere insecticidal system of the present application further comprises a detection device 500, and the detection device 500 detects parameters such as concentration, humidity and temperature of each component gas and transmits the detection result to the control device 200. According to an embodiment of the present application, the control device 200 receives the real-time parameters transmitted by the detecting device 500 inside the airtight enclosure, compares the real-time parameters with the set parameters, and further regulates and controls the parameters by regulating and controlling the hypoxia device 100 and the adjusting device 300.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the detection device 500 includes an oxygen content detector, a carbon dioxide concentration detector, a humidity measurement component, and a temperature measurement component.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the oxygen content detector may detect the oxygen content in the hypoxic apparatus 100, the conditioning apparatus 300, and the gas-tight enclosure 400, and transmit the oxygen content everywhere to the control apparatus. The control device receives the oxygen content data of each part, compares the oxygen content data with the first oxygen content range, and when the oxygen content in a certain device is too high, for example, the oxygen content in the airtight enclosure 400 is higher than a fourth oxygen threshold value, the control device continuously introduces the low-oxygen content gas into the device to reduce the oxygen content in the device so as to achieve the optimal insecticidal concentration.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the humidity measuring assembly may measure the humidity of the gas inside the conditioning apparatus 300 and the airtight enclosure 400 and transmit the humidity parameter to the control apparatus 200. In some embodiments, the control device 200 receives the humidity parameter for each device and compares it to a first humidity range. For example, when the measured humidity value inside the airtight enclosure 400 is below the first humidity threshold or above the second humidity threshold, the humidity will be further adjusted by the humidity control device 301 such that the humidity is within the first humidity range. In some embodiments, when the humidity of the gas in the adjusting device 300 is not within the first humidity range, the control device 200 transmits an instruction to adjust the humidity therein to be within the first humidity range.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the temperature measurement assembly may measure the temperature of the conditioning device 300 and the gas inside the airtight enclosure 400 and transmit the temperature parameter to the control device 200. In some embodiments, the temperature measurement assembly measures the temperature within the conditioning device 300 and transmits the measured value to the control device 200, which conditions it within a first temperature range in response to the received data and transmits the temperature conditioned gas into the gas-tight enclosure 400. In some embodiments, when the temperature of the air inside the airtight enclosure 400 is not within the first temperature range, the temperature may be adjusted by using the above-mentioned temperature adjustment method, which is not described herein again.
The airtight enclosure 400 includes airtight enclosures such as airtight cabinets, airtight warehouses, airtight bags, airtight nets, and the like. According to one embodiment of the present application, the airtight bag and the airtight tent may be made of flexible materials. According to one embodiment of the application, the airtight cabinet may be a vacuum airtight cabinet. In some embodiments, the air exchange rate of the air tight enclosure 400 is less than 0.5d-1And, further, the ventilation rate is not more than 0.05d-1。
The storage environment and the insecticidal condition required by different traditional Chinese medicinal materials are different, and the gas with different parameters is configured according to the types of the medicinal materials stored in the airtight enclosure 400, so that the gas components in the airtight enclosure have the most effective insecticidal proportion. According to an embodiment of the present application, the detecting and controlling module 303 is configured to set the concentration range, the humidity, the temperature, and other parameters of the gas composition, i.e. the set values, according to the type and the specification of the airtight enclosure 400 and the different herbs inside the airtight enclosure 400, and the adjusting device 300 is configured to receive the gas transmitted by the hypoxia device 100 and the carbon dioxide providing device according to the set values, so as to control the composition of each gas inside the airtight enclosure 400. For example, a set of settings may be 1% oxygen concentration, 5% carbon dioxide concentration, 50% humidity, 25 ℃ temperature; or another set of settings may be oxygen concentration 0.1%, humidity 30%, temperature 30 ℃, etc. Setting different set values according to different types, quantities, airtight enclosures, external environments and the like of medicinal materials needing to be killed, wherein all attributes of each set value are independent from each other, namely the set carbon dioxide concentration value, the set temperature and the set humidity are not influenced by the set oxygen concentration value.
According to one embodiment of the application, when the low-oxygen controlled atmosphere insecticidal system is used for killing insects, the steps comprise:
1) and (5) testing the sealing performance. The airtightness test is firstly carried out on the airtight enclosure for storing articles, if the airtightness is poor, the airtight enclosure needs to be sealed until the airtightness meets the requirement, so that a good insecticidal effect is ensured. Then putting the object to be killed into the airtight enclosure, and carrying out airtight treatment on the airtight enclosure.
2) And (4) oxygen reduction and replacement. Namely, the low oxygen content gas is introduced into the airtight enclosure to discharge the original gas in the airtight enclosure and properly reduce the oxygen content in the airtight enclosure.
3) And (5) temperature and humidity control. And introducing low-oxygen gas such as nitrogen and the like with proper temperature and humidity into the airtight enclosure, or adjusting the temperature and the humidity through a temperature control assembly and a humidity control assembly in the airtight enclosure, so that the oxygen in the airtight enclosure is controlled within a first oxygen content range, the temperature is controlled within a first temperature range, and the humidity is controlled within a first humidity range.
4) And (4) auxiliary gas regulation. In some embodiments, auxiliary gas such as carbon dioxide is introduced into the airtight enclosure, and the content of the auxiliary gas is controlled within a set range, so that the insecticidal efficiency is enhanced.
5) And detecting the gas state. In order to ensure the stability of the oxygen content, the carbon dioxide content, the temperature, the humidity or part of the indicators in the airtight enclosure, the oxygen content, the carbon dioxide content, the temperature, the humidity or part of the indicators in the airtight enclosure need to be detected. When one or more parameters of the oxygen content, the temperature and the humidity deviate from the set range and the concentration of the carbon dioxide is higher, the temperature and humidity regulated gas needs to be charged again for replacement. When the concentration of the carbon dioxide is lower, the adjusted carbon dioxide is filled.
6) And (5) carrying out insecticidal treatment. According to the volume, the structural form, the placing condition, the pest category and the like of the object to be treated, the preset insecticidal time is set, and the stability of various parameters of the airtight enclosure in the preset insecticidal time is maintained.
7) And (5) finishing the disinsection. The article can be directly taken out and put in other articles for a new round of low-oxygen disinsection, and the article can also be directly stored in the airtight enclosure in the low-oxygen state, which is beneficial to the stable maintenance of the self characteristics of the article and prevents the moth-eaten, the mildew or other chemical changes and the like. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the pesticidal procedure described herein is not absolute.
Depending on the state of the air-tight enclosure itself and the knowledge of the insecticidal process, steps 1, 4 and 5 may be omitted as appropriate. In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity of the gas inside the gas-tight enclosure may also be adjusted while reducing the oxygen content inside the gas-tight enclosure. That is, the above step 2 and step 3 are combined. In some embodiments, step 4 may precede step 2 or step 3, or may occur simultaneously with step 2 or step 3.
According to an embodiment of the application, in the insecticidal process, the detection device 500, the oxygen detector, the humidity measurement component and the temperature measurement component detect corresponding parameters in devices such as the airtight enclosure in real time, and when the parameters deviate from a set value, the control device further adjusts the low oxygen device, the humidity control component, the temperature control component and the like, and adjusts parameters in the airtight enclosure.
According to an embodiment of the application, when the air-conditioning insecticidal system provided by the application is used for killing insects, the oxygen content in the airtight enclosure can be reduced firstly, and then the temperature and the humidity of the gas in the airtight enclosure are further regulated, wherein the steps comprise:
1) and (4) oxygen reduction and replacement. Namely, the low oxygen content gas is introduced into the airtight enclosure to discharge the original gas in the airtight enclosure and properly reduce the oxygen content in the airtight enclosure.
2) And (5) temperature adjustment. And detecting the temperature in the airtight enclosure, and when the temperature exceeds a first temperature range, providing temperature-regulated low-oxygen gas into the airtight enclosure or regulating the humidity through a temperature control assembly in the airtight enclosure.
3) And (5) humidity adjustment. And detecting the humidity in the airtight enclosure, and providing the hypoxia gas subjected to humidity adjustment to the airtight enclosure when the humidity exceeds a first humidity range, or performing humidity adjustment through a humidity control assembly in the airtight enclosure.
Wherein, the first oxygen threshold is a certain set threshold which is higher than or equal to the fourth oxygen threshold. According to an embodiment of the application, the first oxygen threshold is about 5 times the oxygen content of the fourth oxygen threshold, e.g. about 2.5% when the fourth oxygen threshold is 0.5%. According to an embodiment of the application, the first oxygen threshold is about 10 times the oxygen content of the fourth oxygen threshold, e.g. about 2% when the fourth oxygen threshold is 0.2%. In some embodiments, the second oxygen threshold is the same as the first oxygen threshold.
According to one embodiment of the application, the combination parameters used in the pesticidal process, i.e. the first oxygen content range, the first temperature range and the first humidity range, may influence each other. That is, when the oxygen content is increased, it is possible to achieve a similar pesticidal effect by adjusting the temperature or humidity.
According to one embodiment of the application, the low-oxygen controlled-atmosphere insecticidal system is used for killing insects, and the process is as follows: firstly, Chinese medicinal materials, tobacco, tea, books, archives, silk fabrics and other articles which are easy to grow insects and need to be killed are put into an airtight enclosure, and then the airtight enclosure is sealed. Then, clean high-purity nitrogen is prepared through a low-oxygen device, the nitrogen flows to a regulating device, the oxygen content, the temperature and the humidity of the nitrogen are regulated through the regulating device, and then the gas is filled into the airtight enclosure. The detection device detects the oxygen concentration, the gas temperature and the humidity in the insecticidal airtight enclosure at regular time and uploads the oxygen concentration, the gas temperature and the humidity to the display assembly and the control assembly. In some embodiments, the apparatus automatically enters a standby state when the oxygen concentration within the air tight enclosure falls to 0.1% and the relative humidity 45 ± 5%. The detection device still detects the oxygen content in the insecticidal chamber regularly, humiture condition to stably maintain. In some embodiments, the bark beetle, the sweater fish and the like all die after the article to be killed is continuously placed for 7 to 14 days under the temperature condition of 24 to 26 ℃.
Pests that can be killed using the hypoxic insecticidal system of the present application include, but are not limited to, beetles, such as the beetles of the species Tolyptera brevicornus, Trimerella sinensis, Trimeretrix cornutus, Trimerella sinensis, etc.; arachnoid class; a new class A; tobacco nail; a medicinal material A; beetles of the book; paddy beetle, ant, such as termite, cockroach, moth, such as bagel moth, yellow curtain rice moth, and booklice; longicorn, etc.
According to one embodiment of the application, the insecticidal time can be used as a judgment basis of the insecticidal effect, or the insecticidal efficiency is high or low. According to one embodiment of the application, under the same temperature and humidity condition, the lower the oxygen content is, the shorter the insecticidal time is, the better the corresponding insecticidal effect is, and the higher the insecticidal efficiency is; the oxygen content is increased, the insecticidal time is prolonged, the corresponding insecticidal effect is deteriorated, and the insecticidal efficiency is reduced. Taking the tobacco A of the traditional Chinese medicinal material as an example, in the oxygen concentration range of not higher than 1.0%, the oxygen concentration is increased by 1-3 times, and the hypoxia action time needs to be prolonged by 1-5 times.
According to another embodiment of the present application, moderate humidity reduction can shorten the insecticidal time under the same oxygen content and temperature conditions. According to another embodiment of the application, under the same oxygen content and humidity condition, the insecticidal time can be shortened by properly increasing the temperature. Wherein the insecticidal efficiency is measured by the length of time for completely controlling the pests so that the pests cannot harm the medicinal materials, and the shorter the time, the higher the efficiency. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in addition to killing pests, inhibiting the physiological activity of pests so that they develop slowly is also a means of killing pests.
Correspondingly, according to an embodiment of the application, when the volume of the object to be killed is larger, or the texture is relatively compact, or the stacking number of the object to be killed is larger, the low-oxygen pest killing time is prolonged under the same parameters of oxygen concentration, temperature, humidity and the like.
According to one embodiment of the application, the insecticidal action time of the low-oxygen controlled atmosphere system can be determined to be 2-30 days according to the pest species and controlled atmosphere parameters such as oxygen content, humidity, temperature and the like during insect killing. Under the same air conditioning parameters, the low oxygen action time is prolonged, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of killing insect pests in different stages.
According to one embodiment of the application, when the ambient temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the ambient relative humidity is controlled to be 40% -55%, the oxygen concentration is controlled to be below 0.5%, and the silverfish, the sweater, the beetle, the grain beetle, the termite and the like can be killed within 3-15 days.
According to one embodiment of the application, under the conditions of 25-30 ℃ and 40-55% of relative humidity, the oxygen content is reduced to 0.1% or below, and the condition of maintaining for 2-7 days, the naked pests such as bark beetles, pink beetles, book beetles, fur coat fishes, grain steamers, cockroaches and the like can be killed.
According to one embodiment of the application, under the conditions that the temperature is 25-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60% -70%, the oxygen content is reduced to 0.5% or below, and naked bagworms, medicinal materials such as beetles and bark beetles can be killed within 6-10 days.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the oxygen content is reduced to 0.1% or less at a temperature of 20-25 deg.C and a relative humidity of about 40%, and the termites exposed to the environment can be killed in 15 days.
According to one embodiment of the application, the temperature is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 40% -50%, the oxygen concentration is reduced to 0.1% and below, and the larvae of the bark beetle which are laid naked die after 2 days.
According to one embodiment of the application, the file of the live insects is placed in an airtight enclosure, parameters in the airtight enclosure are adjusted, such as the oxygen concentration is reduced to 0.1%, the relative humidity is 45 +/-5%, the temperature is 24-26 ℃, the stability is maintained, and the pests such as the bark beetle and the mullein in the file can be killed within 15-20 days.
According to one embodiment of the application, the vermin medicinal materials are put into airtight enclosures with different oxygen concentrations, the temperature is adjusted to be 24-29 ℃, the humidity is 30% -40%, and under the sealed state, the oxygen concentration is 0.5% -1%, and the vermin such as tobacco beetles and medicinal material beetles can be completely killed within 7-30 days. When the oxygen concentration is about 2 percent, the pests such as tobacco beetle, medicinal material beetle and the like in the pesticide composition are killed for 20 to 60 days.
According to one embodiment of the application, a collection of severely infested insects is placed in an airtight enclosure, oxygen content is set to 0.1% -1.0%, and the temperature is set to about 10 ℃ and maintained. And cleaning the pests after 60 days, and finding that the pests such as the tobacco beetles, the sweater fishes, the black bark beetles, the bagworms and the like all die.
According to one embodiment of the application, the collection of the larvae is placed in an airtight enclosure, the relative humidity is set to 45 +/-5%, the temperature is set to 24-26 ℃, the oxygen content is reduced to 0.1%, and the larvae of the bark beetle are all killed in 3-5 days.
According to one embodiment of the application, the bamboo and wood collections and the like which have been grown are placed in an airtight enclosure in a normal temperature environment, the oxygen content is set to be 1%, the relative humidity is 50 +/-5%, and the pests such as bark beetles and fur coat fishes are all killed within about 15-20 days.
The hypoxic controlled atmosphere insecticidal system of the present application will be illustrated by examples.
Example 1:
first, a suitable airtight enclosure, such as a sealed bag, is selected. Checking the sealing performance of the sealing bags one by one, and then putting the same number of pests and medicinal materials into the sealing bags, wherein the medicinal material is astragalus, and the pests are medicinal material A and saw grain theft. The low-oxygen controlled atmosphere insecticidal system maintains the gas parameters in the sealing bag at specific oxygen concentration, temperature and humidity, maintains the parameters unchanged, and records the time of all dead pests.
Table 1 shows the effect of different oxygen contents, temperature, humidity on the insecticidal time. As shown in Table 1, oxygen concentration, temperature and humidity all affect the insecticidal time. By controlling a single variable, it can be seen that the lower the oxygen concentration, or the higher the temperature, or the lower the relative humidity of the gas, the shorter the insecticidal time.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the insecticidal effect is better when the oxygen content is 0.1% -2%, the temperature is about 25-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is 20% -70%. Furthermore, when the oxygen concentration is 0.1-1%, the temperature is 35-40 ℃, and the relative humidity of the environment is 20-50%, the insecticidal time is obviously shortened. The concentration of oxygen is 0.1-1%, the temperature is about 35-40 ℃, and the relative humidity of the environment is 20-30%, the insecticidal efficiency is high, and all pests can be completely killed in 1-1.5 days.
TABLE 1 influence of oxygen content, temperature and humidity on pesticidal effect
In practical operation, besides the length of the insecticidal time, the specific situation of the medicinal materials waiting for the treatment of the articles must be considered. For example, some herbs containing volatile components can accelerate the volatilization of the active components of the herbs when the temperature is too high; some medicinal materials are easy to go moldy in a high-humidity environment, and the like.
In view of the above circumstances, the win-win situation that the medicinal materials are maintained and the insecticidal efficiency is improved can be realized by adjusting and controlling the oxygen concentration, the environmental temperature and the humidity in a matching way. For example, when the oxygen concentration is 0.1-1%, the environmental temperature is 35-40 ℃, and the environmental relative humidity is 40-50%, all pests can be killed within 2 days. When the environmental temperature is required to be reduced to 30 ℃ for different insecticidal articles, the similar insecticidal effect can be realized by correspondingly reducing the environmental relative humidity to 20-30 percent, and all pests can be killed within 2 days.
In a practical application, if the oxygen concentration in the airtight enclosure is kept constant below 1%, higher maintenance cost is required, and therefore, the relationship between the temperature and the humidity in the environment can be regulated and controlled while the oxygen concentration is increased, so that the medicinal materials in the airtight enclosure still have higher insecticidal efficiency in the environment with higher oxygen concentration. For example, when the oxygen concentration is 0.1-1%, the ambient temperature is about 35-40 ℃, and the ambient relative humidity is 40-50%, all pests can be killed within 2 days. When the oxygen concentration is increased to 1-2%, the environmental temperature is kept unchanged, and when the environmental relative humidity is properly reduced to 20-30%, the similar insecticidal efficiency can be realized, and all pests can be killed within 2 days.
The low oxygen gas-regulating insecticidal system has obvious insecticidal effect, and compared with the traditional insecticidal modes such as chemical fumigation, physical radiation and the like, the system has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, batch processing and the like, and is high in automation degree and convenient to operate. Simultaneously, this application can be through the three parameter value of simultaneous control, realize treating the targeted high efficiency insecticidal of insecticidal article to the difference.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. A modified atmosphere insecticidal system comprising:
carrying out airtight enclosure;
a hypoxic device configured to provide a low oxygen content gas;
a conditioning device configured to provide gas from the hypoxic device to the gas-tight enclosure and to condition the temperature and humidity of the gas from the hypoxic device; and
a control device configured to control an oxygen content within the airtight enclosure to be below a first oxygen content range, control a humidity within the airtight enclosure to be a first humidity range, and control a temperature within the airtight enclosure to be a first temperature range.
2. A modified atmosphere insecticidal system according to claim 1, wherein the first oxygen content is in the range of 0-3%, preferably 0-2%, most preferably 0-0.5%.
3. A modified atmosphere insecticidal system according to claim 1, wherein the first humidity range is 20% to 70% RH, preferably 20% to 50% RH, most preferably 20% to 30% RH.
4. A modified atmosphere insecticidal system according to claim 1 wherein the first temperature range is 25-40 ℃, preferably 30-40 ℃, most preferably 30-35 ℃.
5. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, wherein the first oxygen content is in a range of 0-2%, the first temperature is in a range of 30-35 ℃, and the first humidity is in a range of 20% -40% RH.
6. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, wherein the first oxygen content is in a range of 0% to 1%, the first temperature is in a range of 25 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the first humidity is in a range of 20% to 50% RH.
7. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, wherein the first oxygen content is in a range of 0 to 0.5%, the first temperature is in a range of 25 to 35 ℃, and the first humidity is in a range of 20% to 30% RH.
8. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, wherein the goods to be insecticidal in the airtight enclosure are one or more of herbs, tobacco, tea, books, archives, silk textiles, wood and bamboo.
9. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, further comprising a carbon dioxide gas source configured to provide carbon dioxide into the airtight enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to control the carbon dioxide content within the airtight enclosure to a predetermined carbon dioxide range.
10. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, further comprising an oxygen content detector configured to detect an oxygen content within the airtight enclosure; wherein the control device is configured to provide the low oxygen gas to the airtight enclosure in response to when the oxygen content within the airtight enclosure is above the first oxygen range.
11. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, the conditioning device further comprising: a humidity control assembly configured to provide a humidity conditioned gas into the airtight enclosure or to condition the humidity of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure.
12. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, further comprising: a humidity measurement component configured to measure a humidity of a gas within the airtight enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to provide a humidity-conditioned hypoxic gas to the airtight enclosure, or to condition a humidity of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure, in response to the humidity within the airtight enclosure exceeding a first humidity setting range.
13. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, the conditioning device further comprising: a temperature control assembly configured to provide a temperature regulated gas into the airtight enclosure or to regulate a temperature of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure.
14. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature measurement component that collects temperature measurement data within the airtight enclosure, wherein the control device is configured to provide the temperature-regulated hypoxic gas within the airtight enclosure, or to regulate the temperature of an existing gas within the airtight enclosure, in response to when the temperature within the airtight enclosure exceeds the first temperature range.
15. The modified atmosphere insecticidal system of claim 1, wherein the airtight enclosure is a sealed bag, or an airtight cabinet, or an airtight warehouse.
16. A combined air-conditioning insecticidal method comprises
Providing a hypoxic gas into the gas-tight enclosure;
adjusting the temperature and humidity in the airtight enclosure;
controlling the oxygen content in the airtight enclosure to be lower than a first oxygen content range, controlling the temperature in the airtight enclosure to be in a first temperature range, and controlling the humidity in the airtight enclosure to be in a first humidity range; and
the environment within the airtight enclosure is maintained for a predetermined time.
17. The method of claim 16, comprising: filling carbon dioxide into the airtight enclosure; and controlling the content of the carbon dioxide in the airtight enclosure to be in a preset carbon dioxide range.
18. The method of claim 16, comprising:
providing a hypoxic gas into the gas-tight enclosure;
providing a temperature-regulated hypoxic gas into the airtight enclosure in response to the oxygen content within the airtight enclosure being below a first oxygen threshold; and
providing the humidified, low-oxygen gas into the airtight enclosure in response to the oxygen content within the airtight enclosure being below a second oxygen threshold.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first oxygen threshold is the same as the second oxygen threshold.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein the first oxygen threshold is about 5 times the oxygen content of the predetermined oxygen range.
21. The method of claim 18, wherein the first oxygen threshold is approximately 10 times the oxygen content of the predetermined oxygen range.
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