CN112213601A - Experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electric power impact accumulated deformation - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electric power impact accumulated deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112213601A CN112213601A CN202011046264.2A CN202011046264A CN112213601A CN 112213601 A CN112213601 A CN 112213601A CN 202011046264 A CN202011046264 A CN 202011046264A CN 112213601 A CN112213601 A CN 112213601A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation, which comprises a charging circuit, a capacitor bank, a trigger switch, a double-coil model, a current detection device and a camera device, wherein the double-coil model comprises an inner coil and an outer coil which are concentrically and fixedly arranged, the charging circuit is connected with the capacitor bank in parallel, then the trigger switch and the outer coil are connected in series, so that the outer coil is discharged through the charge and discharge of the capacitor bank, and the inner coil is in short circuit connection; the current detection device comprises an oscilloscope, and a first current probe and a second current probe which are connected with the oscilloscope, wherein the first current probe and the second current probe are respectively connected with the inner coil, the outer coil or a connecting circuit thereof so as to detect the current values of the inner coil and the outer coil; the camera device comprises a high-speed camera and a computer, wherein the shooting direction of the high-speed camera is just opposite to the double-coil model so as to shoot the tiny deformation and deformation process of the inner coil. The device is beneficial to simulating and observing the deformation condition of the coil under the impact of the induced electromotive force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of transformers, and particularly relates to an experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation.
Background
When a short-circuit fault occurs in the transformer, the transformer is subjected to current impact, and the induced electromotive force easily deforms or destroys the winding. Electrodynamic forces are generated as a result of interaction of short-circuit surge currents in the windings with leakage magnetic forces, which, in operation, may cause the entire winding to twist due to the simultaneous action of radial and axial electrodynamic forces. However, the research on the induced electromotive force impact deformation is less in the prior art, and therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for simulating the phenomenon so as to research the multiple cumulative effects of the induced electromotive force impact on the transformer winding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device for simulating the radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation of a double-coil, which is beneficial to simulating and observing the deformation condition of the coil under the induced electromotive force impact.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation comprises a charging circuit, a capacitor bank, a trigger switch, a double-coil model, a current detection device and a camera device, wherein the double-coil model comprises an inner coil and an outer coil which are concentrically and fixedly arranged, the charging circuit is connected with the capacitor bank in parallel, then the trigger switch and the outer coil are connected in series so as to discharge to the outer coil through the charging and discharging of the capacitor bank, and the inner coil is in short circuit connection; the current detection device comprises an oscilloscope, and a first current probe and a second current probe which are connected with the oscilloscope, wherein the first current probe and the second current probe are respectively connected with the inner coil, the outer coil or a connecting circuit thereof so as to detect the current values of the inner coil and the outer coil; the camera device comprises a high-speed camera and a computer, wherein the shooting direction of the high-speed camera is just opposite to the double-coil model so as to shoot the tiny deformation and deformation process of the inner coil.
Further, the charging circuit comprises an alternating current power supply and a charging rectifier, wherein the alternating current power supply is connected with the capacitor bank in parallel through the charging rectifier to charge the capacitor bank.
Further, the capacitor bank is composed of a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the inner coil and the outer coil are respectively formed by winding flat copper wires with different sizes.
Furthermore, the double-coil model also comprises a plurality of fixing frames which are uniformly distributed on the double-coil model along the circumferential direction, and each fixing frame consists of a plurality of supporting strips which are inserted between each layer of the inner coil and each layer of the outer coil from inside to outside and a plurality of cushion blocks which are arranged between the adjacent supporting strips along the radial cushion, so that the inner coil and the outer coil are clamped and supported.
Furthermore, a measuring scale is arranged between the inner coil and the outer coil in the radial direction, and a mark is arranged at the top of the inner coil, so that the deformation of the inner coil is determined according to the displacement condition of the mark relative to the measuring scale when a high-speed camera is used for shooting a coil deformation picture.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device can simulate the inner coil induced electromotive force to deform the outer coil in a short-circuit state, so that the winding deformation condition of the double-winding transformer is simulated, current measurement and deformation process shooting are carried out through the current detection device and the camera device, the deformation condition of the coil under the impact of the induced electromotive force is observed, and technical support is provided for the research of multiple cumulative effects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual coil model in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a dual coil model in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of a simulation model in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the simulation of the power supply of the outer coil and the short circuit of the inner coil in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of the short-circuit current of the outer coil when the initial voltage of the capacitor is 1kV and power is supplied with different capacitance values in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the short circuit current of the inner coil when the initial voltage of the capacitor is 1kV and different capacitance values are used for power supply in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a comparison graph of short-circuit current of the outer coil when power is supplied at different initial voltages, with the capacitance value of the power supply capacitor being 200uf in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a comparison graph of the short-circuit current of the coil when the power supply capacitor has a capacitance of 200uf and different initial voltages in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing a comparison of electromotive force applied to a copper wire at a sampling position of an inner coil when power is supplied with different capacitance values, wherein the initial voltage of a power supply capacitor is 1kV in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing the electromotive force applied to the copper wire at the sampling position of the inner coil when the power is supplied with the initial voltage of different capacitors with a capacitance of 200uf in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation, which comprises a charging circuit 1, a capacitor bank 2, a trigger switch 3, a double-coil model, a current detection device and a camera device, wherein the double-coil model comprises an inner coil 4 and an outer coil 5 which are concentrically and fixedly arranged, the charging circuit 1 is connected with the capacitor bank 2 in parallel, then the trigger switch 3 and the outer coil 5 are connected in series to discharge to the outer coil 5 through the charging and discharging of the capacitor bank 2, and the inner coil 4 is in short circuit connection; the current detection device comprises an oscilloscope 6, and a first current probe 7 and a second current probe 8 which are connected with the oscilloscope, wherein the first current probe 7 is connected with the inner coil 4, and the second current probe 8 is connected with the outer coil 5 or a connecting circuit thereof so as to detect the current values of the inner coil and the outer coil; the camera device comprises a high-speed camera 9 and a computer 10, wherein the shooting direction of the high-speed camera is just opposite to the double-coil model so as to shoot the tiny deformation and deformation process of the inner coil.
The basic principle of the invention is that a sudden impulse current is given to the coil through the charging and discharging of the capacitor, and the size of the impulse current depends on the capacity of the capacitor. The effect of short-circuit current on a transformer coil winding under the condition of short circuit of the transformer can be simulated by short-time charging and discharging. After the short-circuit current simulation effect appears, the measuring system is used for measuring the size of the short-circuit electrodynamic force applied to the coil winding of the transformer, and therefore the purposes of experiment and measurement are achieved.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit 1 includes an ac power supply 11 and a charging rectifier 12, and the ac power supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor bank through the charging rectifier to charge the capacitor bank.
The capacitor bank is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel. In this embodiment, the capacitor bank is formed by combining 10 capacitors (rated voltage 10 kV) in parallel, each of which has a capacitance of about 100 microfarads. The outer coil is formed by winding flat copper wires, and the number of turns of the outer coil is adjusted by using a preset tapping tap; the inner coil is formed by winding flat copper wires, and the number of turns of the inner coil can be adjusted. As shown in fig. 3, the inner coil was wound with a conductor having a cross section of 1.5 × 15mm to form a circular coil having an outer diameter of 425mm, the number of turns was adjustable, and the outer coil was wound with a conductor having a cross section of 8.5 × 2.5mm to form a coil having an outer diameter of 520 mm.
Current generation principle of the dual coil model: 5 100uF capacitors are charged through an external voltage of 0-10kV, short-circuit current is simulated through rapid discharge of the capacitors, a magnetic field is built around a winding, and short-circuit electrodynamic force is formed, so that the deformation process is simulated.
The invention adopts the cooperation of a current probe and an oscilloscope TDS2024 to measure the current. The method comprises the steps of firstly charging a capacitor bank, then discharging an outer coil, wherein a discharging loop is an LC oscillating circuit, a current waveform can be obtained through calculation simulation, and a current waveform induced by an inner winding can also be calculated. The deformation measurement adopts an M310 high-speed camera to carry out shooting deformation process. In the electromagnetic force buckling deformation test of the coil on the device, the impact current is gradually increased from small to small in order to keep the observation within the elastic deformation range (without generating plastic deformation). In subsequent tests, the current was increased by a small amount until buckling was observed while filming with a high speed camera.
Referring to fig. 2, the double coil model further includes a plurality of fixing frames 13 uniformly distributed on the double coil model along the circumferential direction, and the fixing frame is composed of a plurality of stays 131 inserted between each layer of the inner and outer coils from the inside to the outside and a plurality of spacers 132 disposed between the adjacent stays 131 along the radial direction pad, so as to clamp and support the inner and outer coils. Each layer of coil of the winding is clamped, and each coil can deform and generate displacement under the action of short-circuit electric power. A measuring scale is arranged between the inner coil and the outer coil in the radial direction, and a mark is arranged at the top of the inner coil. . In a short circuit state, when a high-speed camera is used for shooting a coil deformation picture, the deformation amount of the inner coil can be conveniently determined according to the displacement condition of the mark relative to the measuring scale.
Double-coil electrodynamic force simulation calculation
The electromagnetic calculation software is adopted for simulation calculation, when short circuit occurs, the short circuit current is increased to dozens of times of rated current, and the short circuit force is in direct proportion to the square of the short circuit current, so that the generated short circuit electrodynamic force is improved exponentially. The simulation object is an experimental device, power is supplied by using a capacitor, a continuous power supply is not provided, and current steady-state components are not generated in the experiment. Both the short circuit current and the short circuit electromotive force will decay to zero. Wherein the radial force is analyzed when analyzing the effect of the short circuit electromotive force.
An experimental model double-coil simulation model is built on the Maxwell, the stress of the coil is calculated, and a circuit schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 4. Based on the experimental device, different capacitance values are set, charging voltage is changed, a magnetic field type (transient field) is selected in a simulation mode, a 2D model is drawn, a model material, a model area and a boundary are set, excitation of the model, a winding of the model, an external experimental circuit and simulation time are set. And collecting the current and stress analysis of the inner and outer coils according to the experimental result.
The hollow coil is excited by an additional circuit to simulate the short circuit of the transformer, and the resistance of the outer coil is calculated to be about 0.4 ohm, and the resistance of the inner coil is calculated to be about 0.003 ohm. The external circuit supplies power to the outer coil through the capacitor, the inner coil is short-circuited, and the computational simulation circuit is shown in figure 5. The initial voltage of the capacitor is 1kV, and the comparison of the short-circuit current of the outer coil and the short-circuit current of the inner coil when power is supplied by different capacitance values is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
Fig. 8 and fig. 9 are respectively a comparison of the short-circuit current of the outer and inner coils when the power supply capacitor has a capacitance of 200uf and different initial voltages are applied. As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, when the capacitance value is unchanged, the maximum short-circuit current of the air-core coil is the largest when the initial capacitor voltage is 3000V, and when the initial capacitor voltage is 500V, the maximum short-circuit current of the air-core coil is the smallest, and the short-circuit current of the air-core coil is doubled when the initial capacitor voltage is doubled.
FIG. 10 is a comparison of electromotive force applied to copper wires at sampling positions (200 mm) of an inner coil when power supply capacitors are powered by different capacitance values with an initial voltage of 1 kV. FIG. 11 is a comparison of the electromotive force applied to the copper wire at the sampling position of the inner coil when the power is supplied by the initial voltage of different capacitors with a capacitance of 200 uf. As can be seen from fig. 10 and 11, when the initial voltage of the capacitor is constant and power is supplied with different capacitance values, the electromotive force applied to the coil copper wire increases with the increase of the capacitance value.
Multiple cumulative effect study of dual coils
According to the calculation and combination experiment of the electrodynamic force, the buckling research analysis of the inner coil is carried out, and if the load value reaches the critical load value, even if an extremely tiny load value is added, the displacement increment of the component is suddenly increased, so that the structural part is unstable until the structure is damaged. And (4) researching whether the structure is unstable or not and the critical buckling load value when the structure is unstable from the structural dynamics. And analyzing the critical buckling value and the critical displacement value of the line cake by using a characteristic value buckling analysis method.
Cumulative effect study: the elastic-plastic angle analysis of the material, the continuous impact of the short-circuit electric power can be developed from the elastic stage to the plastic stage. When the load exceeds the elastic limit, the stress to which the material is subjected is further increased, at which point the material enters into plastic strain. After the material enters this stage, even if the stress is timely relieved, the plastic strain is permanently preserved and will not be recovered. And (3) carrying out elastoplasticity finite element solution, wherein the winding can deform when subjected to multiple short circuits, and the deformation quantity can be accumulated continuously.
By utilizing the experimental device, the radial stress and deformation process of the coil in the measurement are shot by the camera, compared with the calculated simulation analysis value, and the elastic deformation, the accumulative effect deformation and the permanent deformation of the copper wire can be researched by combining the research on the yield deformation strength of the copper wire.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation is characterized by comprising a charging circuit, a capacitor bank, a trigger switch, a double-coil model, a current detection device and a camera device, wherein the double-coil model comprises an inner coil and an outer coil which are concentrically and fixedly arranged, the charging circuit is connected with the capacitor bank in parallel, then the trigger switch and the outer coil are connected in series so as to discharge to the outer coil through the charging and discharging of the capacitor bank, and the inner coil is in short circuit connection; the current detection device comprises an oscilloscope, and a first current probe and a second current probe which are connected with the oscilloscope, wherein the first current probe and the second current probe are respectively connected with the inner coil, the outer coil or a connecting circuit thereof so as to detect the current values of the inner coil and the outer coil; the camera device comprises a high-speed camera and a computer, wherein the shooting direction of the high-speed camera is just opposite to the double-coil model so as to shoot the tiny deformation and deformation process of the inner coil.
2. The experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging circuit comprises an alternating current power supply and a charging rectifier, and the alternating current power supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor bank through the charging rectifier to charge the capacitor bank.
3. The experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capacitor bank is composed of a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.
4. The experimental device for simulating double-coil radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation according to claim 1, wherein the inner coil and the outer coil are respectively formed by winding flat copper wires with different sizes.
5. The experimental device for simulating the radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation of the double coils according to claim 1, wherein the double coil model further comprises a plurality of fixing frames uniformly distributed on the double coil model along the circumferential direction, and each fixing frame comprises a plurality of supporting bars inserted between the layers of the inner and outer coils from inside to outside and a plurality of cushion blocks arranged between the adjacent supporting bars along the radial cushion, so that the inner and outer coils are clamped and supported.
6. The experimental device for simulating the radial induced electromotive force impact accumulated deformation of a double-coil as claimed in claim 1, wherein a measuring scale is arranged between the inner coil and the outer coil in the radial direction, and a mark is arranged on the top of the inner coil, so that when a picture of the deformation of the coil is taken by a high-speed camera, the deformation of the inner coil is determined according to the displacement of the mark relative to the measuring scale.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113883996A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-01-04 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | Simulation device and analysis method for influence of foundation additional stress on superstructure |
| CN116736190A (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-09-12 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Multi-dimensional diagnosis system of simulation platform for large-current impact deformation process of transformer winding |
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