CN112211662B - Intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field - Google Patents
Intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field Download PDFInfo
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- CN112211662B CN112211662B CN202011030456.4A CN202011030456A CN112211662B CN 112211662 B CN112211662 B CN 112211662B CN 202011030456 A CN202011030456 A CN 202011030456A CN 112211662 B CN112211662 B CN 112211662B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent ventilation system for the field of mine mining, which comprises a mine ventilator, a controller, a wind speed sensor, a harmful gas sensor, a barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism arranged in a mine tunnel, a background processor, a wireless communication module, an alarm module and a display device positioned in a monitoring room. The wind speed, harmful gas and wind pressure information in a mine tunnel are monitored in real time on line through a remote real-time monitoring technology, and the rotating speed of fan blades in a mine ventilator in a mine is automatically adjusted to meet corresponding requirements; and alarming and prompting the abnormal information by adopting various alarming means so as to be conveniently mastered by the working personnel in real time. The barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism is used for measuring the wind pressure and the wind direction inside the mine tunnel, the measurement effect is good, and the accuracy is high. The barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism does not influence the carrying operation of the carrying vehicle in the mine tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent ventilation system for the field of mine mining, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent mine equipment.
Background
In the mine mining field, mine ventilation is a hard condition that can reduce harmful gas content downhole while keeping the necessary oxygen supply for downhole personnel. Because the mine tunnel is complicated, in order to guarantee the ventilation effect, all install the fan in air feed, return air department usually, guarantee the supply of oxygen in the tunnel and harmful gas not transfinite.
The wind speed, wind pressure and harmful gas content in the mine tunnel are regularly detected, so that the mine ventilation system is basic daily work. The value of the wind pressure is very small among the wind speed, the content of harmful gas and the wind pressure, a differential pressure transmitter is usually adopted for measurement, and the differential pressure transmitter has high detection precision and is sensitive to differential pressure fluctuation; at present, the wind pressure measured by a differential pressure transmitter is only the most accurate value measured by directly facing a downwind port, usually, the value measured near the axis direction in a mine tunnel is the most accurate, and the maximum difference value between the value measured near the inner wall of the mine tunnel and the value measured near the axis can reach +/-330 Pa; and the national standard GB 50215 and 2005 coal industry mine design Specification 7.1.5: the design positive pressure of the mine ventilation should not generally exceed 2940 Pa. The pressure sensing diaphragm of the existing differential pressure transmitter is connected with the transmitter by a capillary filled with fluid. Due to the limitation of the pressure sensing diaphragm, the capillary and the fluid in the capillary, the conventional differential pressure transmitter cannot be arranged near the axial direction in a mine roadway; the reason is that if the carrying vehicle is arranged near the inner axis direction of the mine tunnel, the carrying operation of the carrying vehicle running in the mine tunnel can be influenced; in addition, the differential pressure transmitter must be installed at a fixed position and cannot move, otherwise, the measurement precision is easily influenced, and if the measurement precision is serious, components such as a pressure sensing diaphragm and a capillary tube inside the differential pressure transmitter are easily damaged.
In addition, at present, the wind speed, the wind pressure and the content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel are only detected regularly, and online monitoring cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent ventilation system for the field of mine mining, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the intelligent ventilation system for the mine mining field comprises a mine ventilator, a controller, a wind speed sensor, a harmful gas sensor, a barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism arranged in a mine tunnel, a background processor, a wireless communication module, an alarm module and a display device positioned in a monitoring room;
the mine ventilator is used for supplying air or returning air to a mine roadway;
the controller controls the start and stop operation of the mine ventilator, and controls the air output volume and the initial air speed of the air output of the mine ventilator;
the wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind speed inside the mine tunnel;
the harmful gas sensor is used for detecting the content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel;
the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism is used for detecting the wind pressure in the mine tunnel;
the wireless communication module sends the received data of the wind speed, the content of harmful gas and the wind pressure in the mine tunnel to the background processor;
the background processor receives real-time data of wind speed inside the mine tunnel detected by the wind speed sensor through the wireless communication module, receives real-time data of content of harmful gas inside the mine tunnel detected by the harmful gas sensor, and receives real-time data of wind pressure inside the mine tunnel detected by the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism;
the background processor compares the received data of the wind speed, the content of harmful gas and the wind pressure in the mine tunnel with set values in real time:
if the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is less than the early warning abstaining wind speed or the received harmful gas content in the mine tunnel is greater than the pre-warning harmful gas content or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is less than the early warning abstaining wind pressure, the background processor controls the mine ventilator through the controller, so that the rotating speed of fan blades in the mine ventilator is increased;
if the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is less than the limit warning wind speed, or the received harmful gas content in the mine tunnel is greater than the limit warning harmful gas content, or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is less than the limit warning wind pressure, the rotating speed of fan blades in the mine ventilator is increased to reach the rated rotating speed; when the time that fan blades in the mine ventilator rotate at the rated rotating speed is longer than t, the t is set safe time, the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is still smaller than the limit warning wind speed, the received content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel is still larger than the limit warning harmful gas content, or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is still smaller than the limit warning wind pressure, and the background processor sends an abnormal alarm instruction to the alarm module;
the alarm module receives an abnormal alarm instruction and controls the corresponding alarm terminal to send out sound-light alarm, voice alarm and short message alarm through the controller;
the display device is used for receiving and displaying the real-time data transmitted by the wireless communication module.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism comprises a hinge, a suspender and a triangular swinging part which are arranged on the top wall of the mine roadway, and the upper end of the suspender is hinged with the top wall of the mine roadway through the hinge; the swing part comprises two baffles arranged at an acute angle, the upper ends of the baffles are fixedly connected with the lower ends of the hanging rods, a bottom plate with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the lower ends of the two baffles, and an arc-shaped transition part is connected between the end part of the bottom plate and the lower ends of the baffles; a rotary wind pressure meter is arranged inside the swing part and comprises a balancing weight, a vertical cylinder and a rotating shaft which are arranged above the bottom plate, the lower end of the vertical cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper part of the balancing weight, a bearing is arranged between the lower end of the rotating shaft and the upper end of the vertical cylinder, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the vertical cylinder through the bearing; the outside of pivot is and is provided with two wind pressure induction system relatively, wind pressure induction system include with the perpendicular pipe that sets up of pivot, with the slide bar of pipe looks adaptation, set up at inside cylindrical helical spring of pipe, hemispherical spherical shell, pressure sensor, the upper end fixed connection of that one end relative with the response face and pivot among the pressure sensor, the tail end and the pressure sensor fixed connection of pipe, cylindrical helical spring sets up between the response face of pressure sensor and the tail end of slide bar, the tail end setting of slide bar is in the inside of pipe, the head end of slide bar sets up the outside at the pipe, the middle part of hemispherical spherical shell and the head end fixed connection of slide bar.
According to the technical scheme, the side wall of the round pipe is provided with the limiting hole arranged along the length direction of the round pipe, the outer side of the tail part of the sliding rod is provided with the stop lever, the tail end of the stop lever is fixedly connected with the tail part of the sliding rod, and the head end of the stop lever penetrates through the limiting hole and the stop lever and is arranged outside the round pipe.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, when the suspension rod is in a vertical state, the axis of the slide rod is collinear with the axis of the mine roadway.
According to the technical scheme, the ornament is further optimized, a wind direction sensing device is further arranged inside the ornament, the wind direction sensing device comprises a positioning disc and a resistance meter, the positioning disc is located above the circular tube, the resistance meter is located above the positioning disc, the positioning disc comprises a circular insulating portion, an annular conductive portion is sleeved on the periphery of the circular insulating portion, the annular conductive portion is fixedly connected with the circular insulating portion, and a gap for cutting off the annular conductive portion is formed in one side of the annular conductive portion; the sliding rod comprises an insulating section and a conductive section, the tail end of the conductive section is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hemispherical spherical shell, and the tail end of the insulating section is contacted with the cylindrical spiral spring; a plate-shaped first electric brush is arranged between one of the conductive segments and the annular conductive part, the lower end of the first electric brush is fixedly connected with the conductive segment, the first electric brush is electrically connected with the conductive segment, and the upper end of the first electric brush is in contact with the annular conductive part; the resistance meter comprises a first terminal and a second terminal which are used for measuring resistance, the second terminal is electrically connected with the annular conductive part, a conductive ring which is electrically connected with the first terminal is sleeved outside the resistance meter, an annular second electric brush is arranged below the conductive ring, the upper end of the second electric brush is fixedly connected with the conductive ring, the second electric brush is electrically connected with the conductive ring, and the lower end of the second electric brush is in contact with the conductive section; and a connecting rod is arranged between the resistance meter and the baffle.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the first electric brush and the second electric brush are both made of conductive brush wires.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the conductive brush wire comprises cross-linked polyimide fiber yarns, carbon fiber yarns are wound on the surfaces of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarns, and the carbon fiber yarns and the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarns are twisted by twisting; in any cross section of the conductive brush wire, the ratio of the number of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarns to the number of the carbon fiber yarns is 1: 6; the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn is made by spinning cross-linked polyimide fibers.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the side wall of the baffle is provided with the vent hole which is right opposite to the hemispherical spherical shell.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the harmful gas is one or more of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methane and ammonia gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention monitors the information of wind speed, harmful gas and wind pressure in the mine tunnel on line in real time through a remote real-time monitoring technology, and automatically adjusts the rotating speed of fan blades in a mine ventilator in a mine to fulfill corresponding requirements; and alarming and prompting the abnormal information by adopting various alarming means so as to be conveniently mastered by the working personnel in real time.
2) Through the improvement of the existing alarm system, the invention can avoid the confusion caused by the over-sensitivity of the alarm system to the maximum extent and has more practical operation.
3) Through setting up accessible formula wind pressure detection mechanism can both measure its wind pressure and the wind direction that corresponds to the downwind or the headwind in mine tunnel inside, and measuring effect is good, and the degree of accuracy is high.
4) The barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism arranged in the mine tunnel does not influence the carrying vehicle in the mine tunnel to carry out carrying operation; even the carrier bumps with accessible formula wind pressure detection mechanism, the inside rotary-type anemometer of accessible formula wind pressure detection mechanism can not take place to damage yet, rotary-type anemometer is in still can measure inside wind pressure and the wind direction of sending out in mine tunnel after accessible formula wind pressure detection mechanism is stable.
5) The rotary type wind pressure meter has an automatic deviation rectifying function, so that finally measured values can truly reflect the wind pressure at the axial line of the mine roadway.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the barrier-free wind pressure detecting mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rotary type anemometer of the present invention without the resistance meter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the round tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the slide bar of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the positioning plate and the first brush of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the effective resistance at the puck of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a conductive brush filament according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the internal wind pressure P of the mine tunnel s And the pressure value F measured by the pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
Mine mining field is with intelligent ventilation system includes mine ventilation fan, controller, air velocity transducer, harmful gas sensor, installs at inside accessible formula wind pressure detection mechanism, backstage treater, wireless communication module, alarm module of mine tunnel, is located the display device in monitor room.
The mine ventilator is used for supplying air or returning air to a mine roadway.
The controller controls the mine ventilator to start and stop, and the controller controls the air output and the initial air speed of the air output of the mine ventilator.
The wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind speed inside the mine roadway.
The harmful gas sensor is used for detecting the content of harmful gas in the mine roadway.
The barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism is used for detecting the wind pressure in the mine roadway.
And the wireless communication module sends the received data of the wind speed, the harmful gas content and the wind pressure in the mine tunnel to the background processor.
The background processor receives real-time data of wind speed inside the mine tunnel detected by the wind speed sensor through the wireless communication module, receives real-time data of content of harmful gas inside the mine tunnel detected by the harmful gas sensor, and receives real-time data of wind pressure inside the mine tunnel detected by the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism.
The background processor compares the received data of the wind speed, the content of harmful gas and the wind pressure in the mine tunnel with set numerical values in real time:
the set values comprise early warning wind speed, early warning harmful gas content, early warning wind pressure, limit warning wind speed, limit warning harmful gas content and limit warning wind pressure.
The limit warning wind speed is less than the early warning wind speed, the limit warning harmful gas content is greater than the pre-warning harmful gas content, and the limit warning wind pressure is less than the early warning wind pressure; wherein the harmful gas is one or more of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, sulfur dioxide and ammonia gas.
If the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is less than the early warning abstaining wind speed or the received harmful gas content in the mine tunnel is greater than the pre-warning harmful gas content or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is less than the early warning abstaining wind pressure, the background processor controls the mine ventilator through the controller, so that the rotating speed of fan blades in the mine ventilator is increased; the method comprises the steps that at the moment, the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is just smaller than the early warning wind speed and is not smaller than the limit warning wind speed, the received content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel is just larger than the content of the pre-warning harmful gas and is not larger than the limit warning harmful gas, and the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is just smaller than the early warning wind pressure and is not smaller than the limit warning wind pressure; for the situation, the internal wind speed of the mine roadway can be increased, the content of harmful gas in the mine roadway can be reduced, and the internal wind pressure of the mine roadway can be increased only by increasing the rotating speed of the fan blades in the mine ventilator to reach the rated rotating speed.
When the time for keeping the fan blades in the mine ventilator rotating at the rated rotating speed is longer than t, t is set safe time, t can be adjusted according to the actual conditions in the local mine tunnel, and t is more than or equal to 5s and less than or equal to 50 s; the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is still smaller than the limit warning wind speed, the received content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel is still larger than the limit warning harmful gas content, or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is still smaller than the limit warning wind pressure, and the background processor sends an abnormal warning instruction to the warning module.
And the alarm module receives the abnormal alarm instruction and controls the corresponding alarm terminal to send out sound-light alarm, voice alarm and short message alarm through the controller.
The display device is used for receiving and displaying the real-time data transmitted by the wireless communication module.
The invention aims to monitor the information of wind speed, harmful gas and wind pressure in a mine roadway on line in real time by a remote real-time monitoring technology, and automatically adjust the rotating speed of fan blades in a mine ventilator in a mine to meet corresponding requirements; and alarming and prompting the abnormal information by adopting various alarming means so as to be conveniently mastered by the working personnel in real time.
Before alarming and prompting, the pre-warning wind speed, the pre-warning guard harmful gas content and the pre-warning guard wind pressure are set firstly, so that the detected real-time values (wind speed, harmful gas content and wind pressure) are adjusted as far as possible to improve the ventilation environment in the mine tunnel before limit values (limit warning wind speed, limit warning harmful gas content and limit warning wind pressure) are not reached. Even if the real-time value reaches the limit value within a short time (i.e., a time less than 5s if t ═ s), no alarm will occur if the mine ventilator is operated at the rated power and the rated rotational speed for a certain period of time (e.g., 4s) to improve the ventilation environment inside the mine roadway. Only when the real-time value reaches the limit value and lasts for a period of time (t), the ventilation environment in the mine roadway cannot be improved within the safety time, and corresponding alarm is sent out; the setting can avoid the confusion caused by the over-sensitivity of the alarm system to the maximum extent, and has more practical operation.
Example 2
The barrier-free wind pressure detecting mechanism in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, includes a hinge 11 installed on the roof of the mine roadway, a boom 12, and a triangular swing part, wherein the upper end of the boom 12 is hinged to the roof of the mine roadway through the hinge 11; the swing part comprises two baffle plates 21 arranged at an acute angle, the upper ends of the baffle plates 21 are fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspender 12, a bottom plate 22 with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the lower ends of the two baffle plates 21, and an arc-shaped transition part 23 is connected between the end part of the bottom plate 22 and the lower end of the baffle plate 21; a rotary type wind pressure meter is arranged inside the swing part, the rotary type wind pressure meter comprises a balancing weight 31, a vertical cylinder 32 and a rotating shaft 33, the balancing weight 31, the vertical cylinder 32 and the rotating shaft 33 are arranged above the bottom plate 22, the lower end of the vertical cylinder 32 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the balancing weight 31, a bearing 34 is arranged between the lower end of the rotating shaft 33 and the upper end of the vertical cylinder 32, and the rotating shaft 33 is rotatably connected with the vertical cylinder 32 through the bearing 34; the outside of pivot 33 is and is provided with two wind pressure induction system relatively, wind pressure induction system include with the perpendicular pipe 51 that sets up of pivot 33, with the slide bar 52 of pipe 51 looks adaptation, set up at the inside cylindrical coil spring 53 of pipe 51, hemispherical spherical shell 55, pressure sensor 56, that one end relative with the response face in pressure sensor 56 and the upper end fixed connection of pivot 33, the tail end and the pressure sensor 56 fixed connection of pipe 51, cylindrical coil spring 53 sets up between the response face of pressure sensor 56 and the tail end of slide bar 52, the tail end of slide bar 52 sets up the inside at pipe 51, the head end of slide bar 52 sets up the outside at pipe 51, the middle part of hemispherical spherical shell 55 and the head end fixed connection of slide bar 52.
The hinge 11 is arranged on the top wall of a mine roadway, the suspension rod 12 and the swing part form a simple pendulum, and the swing part can be kept still under the action of the counterweight block 31 even under the condition of wind; meanwhile, the boom 12 is in a vertical state.
When the carrier enters and exits from the mine tunnel and touches the swing part, the carrier can decelerate due to the obstacle; when the trolley encounters the swing part, the swing part moves upwards along with the advance of the trolley, and finally the trolley passes through the swing part; the pendulum will fall back to the original position again under the action of gravity. Design into triangle-shaped structure with the goods of furniture for display rather than for use, on the one hand, this kind of design is favorable to reducing the focus, and on the other hand, the structure is more stable. The arc-shaped bottom plate 22 ensures that the resistance is small when the truck is rubbed with the bottom plate 22; similarly, the arrangement of the arc-shaped transition part 23 is also beneficial to reducing the resistance. The design of arc structure still is difficult for haring the carrier.
Under the protection of triangle-shaped goods of furniture for display rather than for use, can avoid the inside rotary-type wind pressure meter of goods of furniture for display rather than for use to be directly bumped by the carrier.
The two wind pressure sensing devices are arranged along the length direction of the mine roadway, and even if the wind in the mine roadway does not face the hemispherical spherical shell 55, the deviation angle cannot exceed 30 degrees; by adopting the relative arrangement of the two hemispherical spherical shells 55, even if the deviation angle between the wind direction and the corresponding slide rod 52 reaches 45 degrees, the wind in the mine tunnel can blow the corresponding hemispherical spherical shell 55, so that the length direction of the slide rod 52 is parallel to the wind direction by driving the hemispherical spherical shell 55, the slide rod 52 and the circular tube 51 to rotate correspondingly; at this time, the wind in the mine roadway is blown against the corresponding hemispherical spherical shell 55, the surface area of the hemispherical spherical shell 55 is large, the hemispherical spherical shell 55 has the function of gathering wind power, finally the wind can drive the corresponding slide rod 52 to slide along the direction limited by the circular tube 51 through the hemispherical spherical shell 55, so that the cylindrical helical spring 53 is compressed, the elastic force change of the cylindrical helical spring 53 caused by the compression is sensed by the pressure sensor 56, and the elastic force change value sensed by the pressure sensor 56 and the wind pressure change value in the mine roadway are in a linear relationship; therefore, the corresponding wind pressure value can be obtained through conversion.
Wherein, in order to ensure that the wind pressure value measured by the wind pressure induction device is close to the actual wind pressure value at the shaft line of the mine tunnel; when the hanger rod 12 is in a vertical state, the axis of the slide rod 52 is collinear with the axis of the mine roadway; at the moment, the wind pressure value measured by the wind pressure sensing device is the actual wind pressure value at the mine roadway axis.
Because the cylindrical coil spring 53 also has a buffering effect, the pressure sensor 56 can be effectively prevented from being rigidly touched to cause damage. Even if the pendulum is subjected to a large impact force, the pressure sensor 56 is not damaged finally, and the measurement accuracy of the pressure sensor 56 is not affected.
Example 3
The side wall of the circular tube 51 is provided with a limiting hole 511 arranged along the length direction of the circular tube 51, the outer side of the tail part of the slide rod 52 is provided with a stop lever 54, the tail end of the stop lever 54 is fixedly connected with the tail part of the slide rod 52, and the head end of the stop lever 54 penetrates through the limiting hole 511 and the head end of the stop lever 54 is arranged outside the circular tube 51.
Due to the cooperation of the limiting hole 511 and the stop lever 54, the sliding rod 52 is prevented from being subjected to an excessive external force, so that the pressure sensor 56 is prevented from being damaged. Meanwhile, the sliding rod 52 can be prevented from falling from the round tube 51.
Example 4
If the baffle 21 is too large, the baffle 21 easily causes that wind in the mine roadway cannot be intensively blown to the hemispherical spherical shell 55; further, as shown in fig. 1, the side wall of the baffle 21 is provided with a vent hole 211 opposite to the hemispherical spherical shell 55.
Even if the baffle 21 exists, the wind in the mine tunnel can blow to the hemispherical spherical shell 55 through the vent holes 211, and the wind which directly blows to the hemispherical spherical shell 55 is ensured not to be blocked.
Example 5
A wind direction sensing device is further arranged inside the ornament, the wind direction sensing device comprises a positioning disk 61 positioned above the circular tube 51 and a resistance meter 63 positioned above the positioning disk 61, the positioning disk 61 comprises a circular insulating part 611, an annular conductive part 612 is sleeved on the periphery of the circular insulating part 611, the annular conductive part 612 is fixedly connected with the circular insulating part 611, and a notch 613 for cutting off the annular conductive part 612 is arranged on one side of the annular conductive part 612; the sliding rod 52 comprises an insulating segment 521 and a conductive segment 522, the end of the conductive segment 522 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hemispherical spherical shell 55, and the end of the insulating segment 521 is in contact with the cylindrical helical spring 53; a plate-shaped first brush 62 is arranged between one of the conductive segments 522 and the annular conductive part 612, the lower end of the first brush 62 is fixedly connected with the conductive segment 522, the first brush 62 is electrically connected with the conductive segment 522, and the upper end of the first brush 62 is in contact with the annular conductive part 612; the resistance meter 63 comprises a first terminal and a second terminal for measuring resistance, the second terminal is electrically connected with the annular conductive part 612, a conductive ring 65 electrically connected with the first terminal is sleeved outside the resistance meter 63, an annular second brush 66 is arranged below the conductive ring 65, the upper end of the second brush 66 is fixedly connected with the conductive ring 65, the second brush 66 is electrically connected with the conductive ring 65, and the lower end of the second brush 66 is in contact with the conductive section 522; a connecting rod 64 is arranged between the resistance meter 63 and the baffle plate 21.
Since the first terminal is electrically connected to the conductive ring 65, the conductive ring 65 is electrically connected to the conductive segment 522 through the second brush 66, the conductive segment 522 is electrically connected to the annular conductive portion 612 through the first brush 62, and the annular conductive portion 612 is provided with the notch 613, so that the annular conductive portion 612 is not in a closed annular shape, and the annular conductive portion 612 is in a strip shape after being unfolded; in addition, the second terminal is electrically connected to the annular conductive portion 612, and thus both the first terminal and the second terminal are electrically connected to the annular conductive portion 612; a first connection point electrically connected between the first terminal and the annular conductive portion 612, and a second connection point electrically connected between the second terminal and the annular conductive portion 612; in the annular conductive portion 612, the effective resistance length of the connection between the first connection point and the second connection point is λ, as shown in fig. 7. The second connecting point is fixed, and the second connecting point moves along with the rotation of the sliding rod 52, and the angle change value of the rotation of the sliding rod 52 and the change value of lambda are changed linearly; since the thickness of the annular conductive portion 612 is constant, the λ variation value and the resistance variation value of the annular conductive portion 612 linearly vary; and the effective resistance connected between the first connection point and the second connection point can be detected by the resistance meter 63. Finally, the angle change value of the rotation of the slide bar 52 can be judged according to the resistance value detected by the resistance meter 63. Besides the effective resistance connected between the first connection point and the second connection point is changed, the resistances in the other circuits are fixed and unchangeable, so that the change value corresponding to the rotation angle of the slide rod 52 can be known by measuring the change value.
While the first hemispherical spherical shell 55 is used to measure downwind and the second hemispherical spherical shell 55 is used to measure upwind. Due to the natural structure of the mine roadway, the rotating angle of the slide rod 52 does not exceed 90 degrees, and therefore the rotating angle change value of the slide rod 52 measured through the resistance value change cannot be mixed.
Due to the arrangement of the second brush 66, the conductive ring 65 is fixed, the second brush 66 is fixed by the conductive ring 65, and the lower end of the second brush 66 is always in contact with the conductive segment 522 because the second brush 66 is annular; therefore, the electrical connection of the conducting segment 522 to the second brush 66 is always ensured regardless of the angle through which the sliding bar 52 rotates.
Since the first brush 62 is fixed by the conducting segments 522, even if the positioning plate 61 is fixed, the first brush 62 rotates along with the rotation of the sliding rod 52, so that the angle of rotation of the sliding rod 52 can be synchronously reacted by the first brush 62, and the upper end of the first brush 62 is always in contact with the annular conducting portion 612, so that the first brush 62 can be ensured to be electrically connected with the annular conducting portion 612. Because the angle of rotation of the slide bar 52 does not exceed 90 °; therefore, the first brush 62 and the annular conductive portion 612 can be always electrically connected by appropriately arranging the position of the notch 613. Even if the first brush 62 rotates to the notch 613, the corresponding position can be indicated even if disconnection occurs, and the use is not affected.
That is, the wind direction sensing device can sense the wind direction, and the rotation angle of the slide rod 52 can be fed back by the change of the resistance value based on the axis of the mine roadway, so that the wind direction in the mine roadway can be sensed.
Example 6
In order to meet the use requirements of the first brush 62 and the second brush 66, the first brush 62 and the second brush 66 are made of conductive brush wires.
Example 7
Based on example 6, as shown in fig. 8; the conductive brush wire comprises a cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn 601, wherein a carbon fiber yarn 602 is wound on the surface of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn 601, and the carbon fiber yarn 602 and the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn 601 are twisted by twisting; in any cross section of the conductive brush wire, the ratio of the number of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarns 601 to the number of the carbon fiber yarns 602 is 1: 6; the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn 601 is made by spinning cross-linked polyimide fibers.
First, as the electrically conductive wire material, if a metal material is used, although the requirement of use hardness can be satisfied; however, the hardness of metal is high, and long-term friction causes great wear. If non-metallic materials are used, such as graphite fibers, carbon fibers, etc. Even if the graphite fiber and the carbon fiber are spun into corresponding yarns and are in a bundle shape, the elasticity of the yarns is poor, and the electric contact between the yarns and a contacted surface can not be ensured all the time.
The invention adopts the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn 601 as the core yarn, and the surface of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn 601 is wound with the carbon fiber yarn 602 to manufacture the conductive brush wire. Although the crosslinked polyimide fiber yarn 601 has no conductivity, the carbon fiber yarn 602 wound on the surface thereof has excellent conductivity. The cross-linked polyimide has certain hardness and higher rigidity, so that the conductive brush wire can be ensured to be in electric contact with a contacted surface all the time. The hardness of the conductive brush wire is far less than that of metal, and the friction between the conductive brush wire and a contacted surface is small, so that large abrasion is not easy to cause.
The conductive brush filaments and the conductive segments 522 can be fixedly connected by soldering, so that the fixed connection requirement and the electrical connection requirement are met. Similarly, the conductive ring 65 and the conductive brush filaments are connected by soldering. The soldering temperature is 280-300 ℃, and the conductive brush wire can not be severely deformed and can not be irreversibly softened at the temperature.
Wherein the number of carbon fiber yarns 602 is limited such that the conductive brush filaments have sufficient conductivity. Compared with the common polyimide material, the elasticity and the toughness of the cross-linked polyimide fiber are better than those of the common polyimide.
Example 8
The mine tunnel with the length of 100 meters and the diameter of 6.5m at one section is right, the effectiveness of the barrier-free type wind pressure detection mechanism is measured, and the mine tunnel at the section is a straight tunnel without turning. A barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism is installed in the section of the mine roadway according to the embodiment, a differential pressure transmitter is installed at a position 0.5M in front of and behind the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism, an M-type differential pressure transmitter sensor of Aumen electromechanical equipment Limited in Shenzhen City can be adopted, and an air inlet of the differential pressure transmitter is arranged at the axis of the mine roadway. Selecting corresponding differential pressure transmitters according to the downwind and the upwind, wherein the value of the wind pressure inside the mine roadway measured by the differential pressure transmitters is P s . A differential pressure transmitter is further arranged on the inner wall of the mine tunnel, the distance between the differential pressure transmitter and the differential pressure transmitter at the axis is 3.3 +/-0.2 m, and the wind pressure value measured by the differential pressure transmitter at the inner wall of the mine tunnel is P b . The pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 56 in the barrier-free wind pressure detecting mechanism is F. The ventilators are arranged at the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the mine tunnel, the air pressure in the mine tunnel is changed by changing the air speed in the mine tunnel, 16 groups of data are measured totally, and the result is shown in fig. 9 and table 1Shown in the figure.
TABLE 1
| P s (Pa) | P b (Pa) | F(N) | ΔP(Pa) |
| 1030 | 720 | 29.56 | 310 |
| 1225 | 1020 | 36.54 | 205 |
| 1520 | 1215 | 42.57 | 305 |
| 1755 | 1500 | 50.19 | 255 |
| 1930 | 1820 | 56.30 | 110 |
| 2080 | 1765 | 59.59 | 315 |
| 2350 | 2255 | 67.31 | 95 |
| 2720 | 2505 | 77.99 | 215 |
| 2510 | 2195 | 73.99 | 315 |
| 2290 | 1985 | 65.60 | 305 |
| 2115 | 1985 | 62.39 | 130 |
| 2005 | 1895 | 56.39 | 110 |
| 1835 | 1530 | 52.38 | 305 |
| 1665 | 1360 | 46.92 | 305 |
| 1330 | 1015 | 38.04 | 315 |
| 1140 | 830 | 32.60 | 310 |
Wherein Δ P ═ P s -P b . As can be seen from Table 1, Δ P is 95-315 Pa; this shows that the air pressure value at the inner wall of the mine tunnel is smaller than the air pressure value at the axis of the mine tunnel, and the difference value is between 95 and 315 Pa. The reason is that the measurement of the differential pressure transmitter at the inner wall of the mine tunnel is fixed, and the air inlet of the differential pressure transmitter is also fixed, so that the measured air pressure value can be influenced by the change and fluctuation of the air direction in the mine tunnel. When the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism is used for measuring wind pressure, even if the wind direction changes, the wind pressure sensing device can automatically rotate, and finally the axis of the wind pressure sensing device is parallel to the wind direction, so that the wind pressure sensing device has an automatic deviation rectifying function, and finally the measured value can truly reflect the wind pressure at the axis inside a mine tunnel.
As can be seen from fig. 9, the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 56 and the actual value of the air pressure inside the mine tunnel are in a linear relationship. Therefore, the data measured by the pressure sensor 56 can represent the wind pressure value in the mine roadway, and the accuracy is high. Therefore, a differential pressure transmitter does not need to be installed inside the mine tunnel.
In the embodiment, the rotary type wind pressure meter can measure the corresponding wind pressure and wind direction of downwind or upwind in the mine roadway, and has good measuring effect and high accuracy. The rotary type wind pressure meter has an automatic deviation rectifying function, so that finally measured values can faithfully reflect the wind pressure at the axial line of the mine roadway.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Mine mining field is with intelligent ventilation system, its characterized in that: the system comprises a mine ventilator, a controller, a wind speed sensor, a harmful gas sensor, a barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism arranged in a mine tunnel, a background processor, a wireless communication module, an alarm module and a display device positioned in a monitoring room;
the mine ventilator is used for supplying air or returning air to a mine roadway;
the controller controls the mine ventilator to start and stop, and controls the air output volume and the initial air output speed of the mine ventilator;
the wind speed sensor is used for detecting the wind speed inside the mine tunnel;
the harmful gas sensor is used for detecting the content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel;
the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism is used for detecting the wind pressure in the mine tunnel;
the wireless communication module sends the received data of the wind speed, the content of harmful gas and the wind pressure in the mine tunnel to the background processor;
the background processor receives real-time data of wind speed inside the mine tunnel detected by the wind speed sensor through the wireless communication module, receives real-time data of content of harmful gas inside the mine tunnel detected by the harmful gas sensor, and receives real-time data of wind pressure inside the mine tunnel detected by the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism;
the background processor compares the received data of the wind speed, the content of harmful gas and the wind pressure in the mine tunnel with set values in real time:
if the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is less than the early warning abstaining wind speed or the received harmful gas content in the mine tunnel is greater than the pre-warning harmful gas content or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is less than the early warning abstaining wind pressure, the background processor controls the mine ventilator through the controller, so that the rotating speed of fan blades in the mine ventilator is increased;
if the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is less than the limit warning wind speed, or the received content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel is more than the limit warning harmful gas content, or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is less than the limit warning wind pressure, the rotating speed of fan blades in the mine ventilator is increased to reach the rated rotating speed; when the time that fan blades in the mine ventilator rotate at the rated rotating speed is longer than t, the t is set safe time, the received wind speed in the mine tunnel is still smaller than the limit warning wind speed, the received content of harmful gas in the mine tunnel is still larger than the limit warning harmful gas content, or the received wind pressure in the mine tunnel is still smaller than the limit warning wind pressure, and the background processor sends an abnormal alarm instruction to the alarm module;
the alarm module receives an abnormal alarm instruction and controls the corresponding alarm terminal to send out sound-light alarm, voice alarm and short message alarm through the controller;
the display device is used for receiving and displaying the real-time data transmitted by the wireless communication module.
2. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 1, characterized in that: the barrier-free wind pressure detection mechanism comprises a hinge (11) arranged on the top wall of the mine roadway, a suspender (12) and a triangular swing part, wherein the upper end of the suspender (12) is hinged with the top wall of the mine roadway through the hinge (11); the swing comprises two baffles (21) arranged at an acute angle, the upper ends of the baffles (21) are fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspender (12), a bottom plate (22) with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the lower ends of the two baffles (21), and an arc-shaped transition part (23) is connected between the end part of the bottom plate (22) and the lower end of the baffle (21); the swing type wind pressure meter is arranged inside the swing part and comprises a balancing weight (31), a vertical cylinder (32) and a rotating shaft (33), wherein the balancing weight (31), the vertical cylinder (32) and the rotating shaft (33) are arranged above a bottom plate (22), the lower end of the vertical cylinder (32) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the balancing weight (31), a bearing (34) is arranged between the lower end of the rotating shaft (33) and the upper end of the vertical cylinder (32), and the rotating shaft (33) is rotatably connected with the vertical cylinder (32) through the bearing (34); two wind pressure sensing devices are oppositely arranged outside the rotating shaft (33), each wind pressure sensing device comprises a circular tube (51) which is perpendicular to the rotating shaft (33), a sliding rod (52) which is matched with the circular tube (51), a cylindrical spiral spring (53) which is arranged inside the circular tube (51), a hemispherical spherical shell (55) and a pressure sensor (56), one end of the pressure sensor (56) opposite to the sensing surface is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rotating shaft (33), the tail end of the circular tube (51) is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor (56), the cylindrical spiral spring (53) is arranged between the sensing surface of the pressure sensor (56) and the tail end of the sliding rod (52), the tail end of the sliding rod (52) is arranged inside the circular tube (51), the head end of the sliding rod (52) is arranged outside the circular tube (51), the middle part of the hemispherical spherical shell (55) is fixedly connected with the head end of the sliding rod (52).
3. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 2, characterized in that: the lateral wall of pipe (51) is provided with spacing hole (511) that set up along pipe (51) length direction, the outside of slide bar (52) afterbody is provided with shelves pole (54), the afterbody fixed connection of the tail end of shelves pole (54) and slide bar (52), the head end of shelves pole (54) passes spacing hole (511) and the head end setting of shelves pole (54) in the outside of pipe (51).
4. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 2, characterized in that: when the boom (12) is in a vertical state, the axis of the slide rod (52) is collinear with the axis of the mine roadway.
5. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 2, characterized in that: a wind direction sensing device is further arranged inside the ornament, the wind direction sensing device comprises a positioning disc (61) and a resistance meter (63), the positioning disc (61) is located above the round pipe (51), the resistance meter (63) is located above the positioning disc (61), the positioning disc (61) comprises a round insulating part (611), a circular conductive part (612) is sleeved on the periphery of the round insulating part (611), the circular conductive part (612) is fixedly connected with the round insulating part (611), and a notch (613) for cutting off the circular conductive part (612) is formed in one side of the circular conductive part (612); the sliding rod (52) comprises an insulating segment (521) and a conductive segment (522), the tail end of the conductive segment (522) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hemispherical spherical shell (55), and the tail end of the insulating segment (521) is contacted with the cylindrical spiral spring (53); a plate-shaped first electric brush (62) is arranged between one of the conductive segments (522) and the annular conductive part (612), the lower end of the first electric brush (62) is fixedly connected with the conductive segment (522), the first electric brush (62) is electrically connected with the conductive segment (522), and the upper end of the first electric brush (62) is in contact with the annular conductive part (612); the resistance meter (63) comprises a first terminal and a second terminal which are used for measuring resistance, the second terminal is electrically connected with the annular conductive part (612), a conductive ring (65) which is electrically connected with the first terminal is sleeved outside the resistance meter (63), an annular second electric brush (66) is arranged below the conductive ring (65), the upper end of the second electric brush (66) is fixedly connected with the conductive ring (65), the second electric brush (66) is electrically connected with the conductive ring (65), and the lower end of the second electric brush (66) is in contact with the conductive section (522); and a connecting rod (64) is arranged between the resistance meter (63) and the baffle plate (21).
6. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 5, characterized in that: the first brush (62) and the second brush (66) are made of conductive brush wires.
7. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 6, characterized in that: the conductive brush wire comprises a cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn (601), a carbon fiber yarn (602) is wound on the surface of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn (601), and the carbon fiber yarn (602) and the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn (601) are twisted by twisting; in any cross section of the conductive brush wire, the ratio of the number of the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarns (601) to the number of the carbon fiber yarns (602) is 1: 6; the cross-linked polyimide fiber yarn (601) is prepared by spinning cross-linked polyimide fibers.
8. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 2, characterized in that: the side wall of the baffle plate (21) is provided with a vent hole (211) which is right opposite to the hemispherical spherical shell (55).
9. The intelligent ventilation system for mine mining field of claim 1, characterized in that: the harmful gas is one or more of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, sulfur dioxide and ammonia gas.
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| CN101117892A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-06 | 高天奇 | Coal mine gas detecting and draught fan automatic control system |
| CA2599471A1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-02-28 | Alexandre Cervinka | Underground communication network system for personal tracking and hvac control |
| CN101418695A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-04-29 | 湘潭平安电气有限公司 | Intelligent local ventilation system |
| CN101509390A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-08-19 | 湖南大学 | Tunnel ventilation control method based on fuzzy control |
| CN102385361A (en) * | 2011-09-10 | 2012-03-21 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Computer long-distance concentrated monitoring system for ventilation of pit of metal mine |
| CN102865093A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-09 | 太原理工大学 | Mine ventilation automatic detection and operation system |
| CN208367526U (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-01-11 | 六盘水师范学院 | A kind of mine ventilation wind speed, wind pressure monitoring system |
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