CN112211579A - Natural gas hydrate core sampling equipment for natural gas exploration - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate core sampling equipment for natural gas exploration Download PDFInfo
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- CN112211579A CN112211579A CN202011183313.7A CN202011183313A CN112211579A CN 112211579 A CN112211579 A CN 112211579A CN 202011183313 A CN202011183313 A CN 202011183313A CN 112211579 A CN112211579 A CN 112211579A
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- drilling tool
- natural gas
- core
- gas hydrate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels, core extractors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/003—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts adapted to be moved on their substructure, e.g. with skidding means; adapted to drill a plurality of wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
- E21B19/086—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods with a fluid-actuated cylinder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels, core extractors
- E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels, core extractors
- E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterized by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of natural gas exploitation, in particular to a natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration, which comprises a drilling tool, a sampling device and a control device, wherein the drilling tool is used for sampling a natural gas hydrate core; the drilling tool replenishing mechanism is used for orderly placing unused drilling tools and replacing the drilling tools; the drilling tool replacing mechanism is arranged on the side part of the drilling tool replenishing mechanism and used for receiving a drilling tool to be replaced, positioning and clamping the drilling tool and providing a platform for the installation of the drilling tool; the recovery mechanism is arranged on the side part of the drilling tool replacing mechanism and used for receiving the used drilling tool, the drilling tool can be automatically used during core sampling, a placing space is provided, the existing natural gas hydrate pressure maintaining sampling method and the existing freezing sampling method are organically combined through the natural gas hydrate freezing pressure maintaining sampling drilling tool, and the fidelity degree and the coring success rate of the natural gas hydrate core are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural gas exploitation, in particular to a natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration.
Background
The conventional oil and gas resources in China are far from meeting the requirements of economic and social development. The natural gas hydrate mainly exists at the edge of world ocean continents and in frozen soil zones with high latitude, has the characteristics of high energy density, wide distribution, large scale, shallow burial and the like, and the produced natural gas can meet the requirements of energy, economy and environment, and is novel clean energy with commercial development prospect. Natural gas hydrates are white crystalline "clathrates" (clathrates) formed by hydrocarbon gases such as methane or volatile liquids and water under high pressure and low temperature conditions, and are called "combustible ice" because they look like ice and burn only once. High density, high calorific value and wide distribution are the remarkable characteristics of natural gas hydrate, and generally, the decomposition of one unit volume of natural gas hydrate can generate 164-180 unit volume of methane gas. Natural gas hydrates may become another alternative energy source with huge reserves following shale gas, coal bed gas, oil sand and the like.
The shale belongs to a transition rock type between shale and mudstone, the shale is seen to have an imperfect development, generally is a product deposited from a shallow lake to a deep lake, the common shale types comprise argillaceous shale, carbonaceous shale, siliceous shale, calcareous shale and the like, when a certain amount of sandy components are mixed into the shale, the argillaceous shale can be formed into sandy shale, the shale rich in organic substances is a main rock type for forming shale oil gas, the shale oil gas is one of unconventional oil gas, and the shale oil gas becomes an exploration breakthrough target. The micro-pore structure and the distribution characteristics of the oil and gas reservoir play a determining role in the rules of the reservoir capacity, the seepage mechanism and the like of the oil and gas reservoir, the reservoir properties, the micro-pore structure characteristics and the distribution rules of shale and shale reservoirs in different deposition environments are generally different greatly, and the shale is easy to crack, peel and collapse and is sensitive to water, so that samples with the properties of complete reservoirs are difficult to obtain in the drilling and sampling process. The natural gas hydrate can only exist under certain temperature and pressure conditions, the temperature is generally required to be lower than 0-10 ℃, the pressure is required to be higher than 10MPa, once the temperature is increased or the pressure is reduced, methane gas can escape, and the solid natural gas hydrate can be decomposed, so that how to obtain a high-fidelity natural gas hydrate core is a great problem in hydrate exploration and development.
At present, two ideas are mainly provided for fidelity sampling of natural gas hydrate, wherein one idea is to keep the pressure of a natural gas hydrate core to inhibit the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate, a specially designed pressure-maintaining core tube is mainly sealed and sealed by utilizing a ball valve, a flap valve and the like after the natural gas hydrate core is broken and in the lifting process, and passive heat preservation is realized by adopting a heat preservation material, namely, the in-situ pressure and temperature of a natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum are kept in a mechanical pressure-maintaining mode to obtain the natural gas hydrate core with high fidelity; but in the practical application process, the mechanical pressure maintaining mechanism has a complex structure and is difficult to operate; once the tightness of the mechanical hold-down mechanism is slightly reduced, the natural gas hydrate core cannot maintain the initial pressure, resulting in a core failure. The heat preservation method of the natural gas hydrate core in the hole mainly adopts a heat preservation material to realize a passive heat preservation method, and the passive heat preservation method cannot maintain the original temperature of the natural gas hydrate core under the complex thermal condition of drilling sampling. Due to the influence of formation conditions, temperature and pressure in the hole, the success rate of drilling the natural gas hydrate fidelity core in practical application of the sampler is lower than 60%. The other idea is that decomposition of the natural gas hydrate is inhibited through low temperature, the phase-changeable fluid is used as a cold source, the cold source is stored in a cold storage cavity of the drilling tool, after drilling is finished, the control mechanism is triggered to inject the cold source into the freezing cavity, and the natural gas hydrate in the core tube is frozen to a required low-temperature interval through vaporization and heat absorption of the cold source, so that the natural gas hydrate is not decomposed in the sampling process. However, the method can change the original basic physical properties of the natural gas hydrate core, so that the test data such as sound waves, resistivity and the like of the natural gas hydrate core are changed.
Therefore, the original basic physical properties of the natural gas hydrate core can be changed due to the pure freezing sampling, the analysis and the test of the later partial properties are not facilitated, but the success rate of the pure pressure maintaining sampling is low, and the requirement of the natural gas hydrate drilling sampling cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the natural gas hydrate core sampling equipment for natural gas exploration is provided, according to the technical scheme, a drilling tool can be automatically used during core sampling, a placing space is provided, the existing natural gas hydrate pressure maintaining sampling method and the existing freezing sampling method are organically combined through the natural gas hydrate freezing pressure maintaining sampling drilling tool, and the fidelity degree and the coring success rate of the natural gas hydrate core are improved.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration, which comprises:
the drilling tool is used for sampling the core of the natural gas hydrate;
the drilling tool replenishing mechanism is used for orderly placing unused drilling tools and replacing the drilling tools;
the drilling tool replacing mechanism is arranged on the side part of the drilling tool replenishing mechanism and used for receiving a drilling tool to be replaced, positioning and clamping the drilling tool and providing a platform for the installation of the drilling tool;
and the recovery mechanism is arranged on the side part of the drilling tool replacing mechanism and is used for receiving the used drilling tool.
Optionally, the drilling tool comprises a drilling tool outer tube, a drilling tool inner tube and a drill bit, the drilling tool outer tube is coaxially sleeved outside the drilling tool inner tube, a certain gap is formed between the drilling tool outer tube and the drilling tool inner tube, and the drill bit is sleeved at the bottom of the drilling tool outer tube.
Optionally, the inner pipe of the drilling tool comprises a control rod, a sealing ring, an exhaust valve spring, an exhaust valve body, an exhaust valve core, a cold source cavity pipe, a pressure maintaining cavity pipe, a core barrel, a piston, a spring and cutting teeth, the control rod is coaxially sleeved inside the outer pipe of the drilling tool, the top of the control rod is of a hollow structure, a drilling fluid inlet is formed in the hollow structure, the sealing ring is arranged between the cold source cavity pipe and the outer pipe of the drilling tool, the exhaust valve body is installed at a cold source inlet of the cold source cavity pipe, the exhaust valve spring is arranged inside the exhaust valve body, the top of the exhaust valve spring is connected with the top of the exhaust valve body, the bottom of the exhaust valve spring is in contact with the exhaust valve core, the cold source cavity pipe, the pressure maintaining cavity pipe, the core barrel and the cutting teeth.
Optionally, a boss is arranged at the top end of the control rod, a concave table is arranged at the top end of the outer pipe of the drilling tool, the diameter of the boss is larger than the inner diameter of the concave table at the top of the outer pipe of the drilling tool, and the boss is matched with the concave table to enable the control rod to be hung on the concave table of the outer pipe of the drilling tool.
Optionally, the inner wall of cold source cavity pipe is provided with cold source cavity heat preservation, and the inner wall of pressurize cavity pipe is provided with pressurize chamber heat preservation, the core barrel sets up inside the coring barrel, and the internal diameter of core barrel is less than the internal diameter of cutting tooth, the top and the core barrel of spring are connected, and the bottom and the cutting tooth of spring are connected, the piston sets up inside the core barrel, and the top and the control lever of piston are connected.
Optionally, the drilling tool inner tube still includes electromagnetic switch, relay and pressure sensor, electromagnetic switch's top is established in the cold source exit of cold source cavity body pipe, and electromagnetic switch's bottom and pressurize cavity body intraduct are linked together, pressure sensor is located the inside of pressurize cavity body pipe, pressure sensor with relay electric connection, relay and electromagnetic switch electric connection.
Optionally, drilling tool replenishing mechanism includes the frame, places the box, pushes away material and drives actuating cylinder, push pedal, supply subassembly and first centre gripping and drive actuating cylinder, the top slope of frame is equipped with place the box, one side of frame is equipped with drilling tool replacement mechanism places the box and sets up downwards towards drilling tool replacement mechanism slope, and the one side of placing the box and keeping away from drilling tool replacement mechanism is equipped with at least one push away material and drive actuating cylinder, push away material and drive actuating cylinder and install in the frame, and the output shaft that pushes away material and drive actuating cylinder all transmits there the push pedal, push pedal orientation place the entrance setting of box, place the box and be equipped with towards one side of drilling tool replacement mechanism the supply subassembly is placed the box and is equipped with a pair ofly towards one side symmetry of drilling tool replacement mechanism first centre gripping drives actuating cylinder, and the output.
Optionally, the supply assembly comprises a mounting seat, a supply driving cylinder, a drilling tool box door and a sliding block, two mounting seats are symmetrically arranged on one side of the placing box facing the drilling tool replacing mechanism, the supply driving cylinder is mounted on the mounting seat, an output shaft of the supply driving cylinder is in transmission connection with the drilling tool box door, two sides of the top end of the drilling tool box door are respectively connected with the supply driving cylinder, and the drilling tool box door is provided with at least one sliding block which is in sliding connection with the placing box.
Optionally, the drilling tool replacing mechanism comprises a base, a slide rail, a sliding trolley, pulleys, a drilling tool replacing table, a spring, a mounting rack, a positioning driving cylinder and a recovering driving cylinder, wherein the base is connected with the two pulleys in a sliding manner, the slide rail is arranged on the base, the sliding trolley is provided with the pulleys in sliding connection with the slide rail, the top end of the sliding trolley is provided with the drilling tool replacing table, the drilling tool replacing table comprises a pedestal, a first placing groove, a barrier strip and a butt plate, the pedestal is mounted at the top end of the sliding trolley, one end, close to the rack, of the pedestal is hinged with the sliding trolley, the pedestal is provided with the first placing groove for placing the drilling tool, one side, far away from the rack, of the pedestal is provided with the barrier strip arranged on the pedestal, the end part, far away from each other, of the two pedestals is provided with, the both ends tip of base is equipped with the mounting bracket is equipped with the location drives actuating cylinder, and the output shaft that the location was driven actuating cylinder runs through the butt plate and is equipped with the buffer board at the one end tip that enters into the pedestal, is equipped with on the sliding trolley retrieve and drive actuating cylinder, retrieve and drive actuating cylinder's output shaft and pedestal transmission and be connected.
Optionally, retrieve the mechanism and drive actuating cylinder, retrieve box, guide rail, second centre gripping including going up and down, be equipped with in the frame the slide, the slide slope sets up in the frame and sets up with the opposite direction of slope who places the box, and the slide is kept away from the one end of frame and is articulated have retrieve the box, retrieve the second standing groove that is equipped with on the box and is used for placing the drilling tool, retrieve box side symmetry and be equipped with a pair of the actuating cylinder is driven in the second centre gripping, and the output shaft that the actuating cylinder was driven in the second centre gripping extends to get into and retrieves inside the box, and the bottom of retrieving the box is equipped with the actuating cylinder is driven in the lift, and the actuating cylinder is driven in the frame in the lift, and the output shaft that drives the actuating cylinder and retrieve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the following steps that a drilling tool can be automatically used during core sampling, a placing space is provided, the existing natural gas hydrate pressure maintaining sampling method and the existing freezing sampling method are organically combined through a natural gas hydrate freezing pressure maintaining sampling drilling tool, and when a core barrel leaks and the internal pressure of the core barrel reaches a certain value, low-temperature phase change liquid is used as a cold source to freeze a natural gas hydrate core to the required temperature; the fidelity degree and the coring success rate of the natural gas hydrate core are improved by adopting the double effects of freezing and pressure maintaining.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in a state where a drilling tool is placed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in a state where no drilling tool is placed
FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of the drilling tool changing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the drilling tool changing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling tool replenishing mechanism and the drilling tool recovering mechanism in the invention;
FIG. 6 is a first schematic view of the present invention showing the structure of the placing box and the recycling box;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic structural view of the placing box and the recycling box of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the supply assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an elevation view of the drill of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 9;
fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 10.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1-a control lever; 11-drilling fluid inlet; 12-cold source cavity tube; 13-pressure maintaining cavity tube; 14-a core barrel; 15-core barrel; 16-a piston; 17-a spring; 18-a cutting tooth;
2-drilling tool outer pipe;
3-a drill bit;
4-drilling tool inner tube 4; 41-a sealing ring; 42-exhaust valve spring; 43-exhaust valve body; 44-an exhaust valve core; 45-electromagnetic switch; 46-a relay; 47-a pressure sensor;
5-drilling tool supply mechanism; 51-a frame; 52-placing the box; 53-pushing material driving cylinder; 54-a push plate; 55-a replenishment assembly; 551-mounting base; 552-make-up drive cylinder; 553-drilling tool box door; 554-a slider; 56-first clamp drive cylinder;
6-drilling tool changing mechanism; 61-a base; 62-a slide rail; 63-sliding trolley; 64-a pulley; 65-drilling tool changing table; 651-pedestal; 652-a first holding tank; 653-barrier strips; 654-an abutment plate; 66-a spring; 67-a mounting frame; 68-positioning the driving cylinder; 681-buffer plate; 69-recovery driving cylinder;
7-a recovery mechanism; 71-lifting driving cylinder; 72-a recovery cartridge; 721-a second holding tank; 73-a guide rail; 74-a second clamp drive cylinder; 75-a slide way.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the core sampling apparatus includes:
the drilling tool is used for sampling the core of the natural gas hydrate;
a drilling tool supply mechanism 5 for orderly placing unused drilling tools and replacing the drilling tools;
the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6 is arranged at the side part of the drilling tool replenishing mechanism 5 and is used for receiving a drilling tool to be replaced, positioning and clamping the drilling tool and providing a platform for mounting the drilling tool;
and a recovery mechanism 7 provided on a side of the tool changer 6 and configured to receive a used tool.
Referring to fig. 9, 10 and 11, the drilling tool includes a drilling tool outer tube 2, a drilling tool inner tube 4 and a drill bit 3, the drilling tool outer tube 2 is sleeved outside the drilling tool inner tube 4, and an annular gap is formed between the drilling tool outer tube 2 and the drilling tool inner tube 4; the drill bit 3 is arranged at the bottom of the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool; the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool comprises a control rod 1, a sealing ring 41, an exhaust valve spring 42, an exhaust valve body 43, an exhaust valve core 44, a cold source cavity pipe 12, a pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, a pressure maintaining cavity heat insulating layer, a core barrel 14, a core pipe 15, a piston 16, a spring 17 and cutting teeth 18.
The top of control lever 1 is hollow structure, is provided with the drilling fluid import 11 with hollow structure intercommunication on the control lever 1, and in this embodiment, the top of control lever 1 is provided with the boss, and the top of drilling tool outer tube 2 is equipped with the concave station, and the boss diameter is greater than the internal diameter of the concave station in drilling tool outer tube 2 top, and the boss cooperatees with the concave station and makes control lever 1 hang on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube 2.
The sealing ring 41 is arranged between the cold source cavity pipe 12 and the drilling tool outer pipe 2, the sealing ring 41 is in threaded connection with the cold source cavity pipe 12, gap sealing between the cold source cavity pipe 12 and the drilling tool outer pipe 2 is achieved, the exhaust valve body 43 is arranged at a cold source inlet of the cold source cavity pipe 12 and is in threaded connection with the cold source cavity pipe 12, the exhaust valve spring 42 is arranged inside the exhaust valve body 43, the top of the exhaust valve spring 42 is connected with the inner top of the exhaust valve body 43, the bottom of the exhaust valve spring 42 is in contact with the exhaust valve core 44, and the exhaust valve core 44 is blocked at an exhaust port of the cold source cavity pipe 12 by pretightening force provided by the; the cold source cavity pipe 12, the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, the coring barrel 14 and the cutting teeth 18 are sequentially sleeved on the control rod 1 from top to bottom, a cold source cavity heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the cold source cavity pipe 12, the cold source cavity heat insulation layer ensures that the interior of the cold source cavity pipe 12 is insulated from the external environment, and the pressure maintaining cavity heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13; the pressure maintaining cavity heat insulating layer is used for ensuring the heat insulation between the inside of the pressure maintaining cavity body pipe 13 and the outside; the core barrel 15 is arranged inside the core barrel 14, the inner diameter of the core barrel 15 is smaller than that of the cutting teeth 18, it is guaranteed that the natural gas hydrate core can enter the core barrel 15, the top of the spring 17 is connected with the core barrel 15, the bottom of the spring 17 is connected with the cutting teeth 18, the piston 16 is arranged inside the core barrel 15, and the top of the piston 16 is connected with the control rod 1.
The drilling tool inner pipe 4 further comprises an electromagnetic switch 45, a relay 46 and a pressure sensor 47, the top of the electromagnetic switch 45 is arranged at a cold source outlet of the cold source cavity pipe 12, the bottom of the electromagnetic switch 45 is communicated with the inside of the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, the pressure sensor 47 is located inside the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, the pressure sensor 47 is electrically connected with the relay 46, and the relay 46 is electrically connected with the electromagnetic switch 45. The pressure sensor 47 transmits the pressure change condition inside the pressure-maintaining cavity pipe 13 to the relay 46, and when the pressure drops to a set value, the relay 46 controls the electromagnetic switch 45 to be opened so that the cold source flows into the pressure-maintaining cavity pipe 13 from the cold source cavity pipe 12.
When the drilling tool is used, drilling fluid above the cold source cavity pipe 12 pushes the cold source cavity pipe 12, the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, the coring barrel 14 and the cutting teeth 18 to be pressed into a natural gas hydrate stratum, the natural gas hydrate stratum is cut to obtain a columnar natural gas hydrate core, the natural gas hydrate core enters the interior of the core pipe 15 under the suction action of the piston 16, and the spring 17 ensures that the natural gas hydrate core entering the core pipe 15 cannot fall out due to gravity in the process.
Before drilling and coring, firstly, the exhaust valve body 43, the exhaust valve spring 42 and the exhaust valve core 44 on the top of the cold source cavity tube 12 need to be detached, then liquid nitrogen is injected into the cold source cavity tube 12 to pre-cool the cold source cavity tube, because the cold source cavity heat-insulating layer is arranged in the cold source cavity tube 12, the cold energy can not be leaked out greatly in the pre-cooling process, the internal temperature of the cold source cavity tube 12 can be rapidly reduced, when the temperature in the cold source cavity tube 12 is reduced to-100 ℃, the pre-cooling is finished, finally, the phase-change liquid is injected into the cold source cavity tube 12 as the cold source, because the pre-cooling and the function of the cold source cavity heat-insulating layer are carried out, the phase-change liquid can not be gasified due to heat absorption, after the steps are finished, the exhaust valve body 43, the exhaust valve spring 42 and the exhaust valve core 44 are remounted on the cold source cavity tube 12, the opening signal of the electromagnetic switch 45 is set, when the, relay 46 will send a signal to solenoid switch 45 causing solenoid switch 45 to open.
After the completion is filled to the cold source, in throwing drilling tool inner tube 4 into drilling tool outer tube 2, the boss at 1 top of control lever of drilling tool inner tube 4 is sat on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube 2, drilling tool inner tube 4 is whole unsettled, at this moment, drilling fluid does not circulate, the cold source is stored inside cold source cavity pipe 12, electromagnetic switch 45 is in the off-state, the cold source can not flow out from in the cold source cavity pipe 12, piston 16 is in the bottom of coring barrel 14, and seal it, ensure that the drilling fluid can not enter into the coring barrel 14 and pollute the natural gas hydrate rock core.
The drilling fluid is driven by a pump to circulate, the drilling fluid enters the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool from a through hole at the top of the control rod 1, then enters a space enclosed by the control rod 1, the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool, the sealing ring 41 and the cold source cavity pipe 12 through the drilling fluid inlet 11, the drilling fluid cannot flow downwards because the sealing ring 41 seals an annular gap between the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool and the inner pipe assembly of the drilling tool, the hydrostatic pressure above the cold source cavity pipe 12 is gradually increased to push the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool to move downwards, the cutting teeth 18 cut a natural gas hydrate stratum under the action of the hydrostatic pressure, at the moment, the piston 16 cannot move downwards due to the obstruction of the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool, so that the piston 16 gradually rises relative to the core barrel 14, the natural gas hydrate core is obtained under the action of the cutting teeth 18, and then the natural gas hydrate core gradually enters the core barrel 14 under the suction action, the situation that the water natural gas hydrate core is deformed due to friction between the natural gas hydrate core and the side wall of the core barrel 14 is weakened, the spring 17 ensures that the drilled natural gas hydrate core cannot fall out of the core barrel 14 in the process, after the core barrel 14 is driven by the cutting teeth 18 to be completely pressed into a natural gas hydrate stratum, the core barrel 14 is filled with the natural gas hydrate core, the piston 16 reaches the top of the core barrel 14, and the drilling and core-taking stage is finished at the moment.
After the drilling and coring are finished, a fisher is put in, a fishing hook of the fisher is clamped in a groove at the top of the control rod 1, the fisher is lifted, the fisher drives the control rod 1 to move upwards, meanwhile, the piston 16 drives the coring barrel 14 to move upwards, the other parts of the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool move downwards relative to the control rod 1 under the action of the self gravity, the coring barrel 14 gradually enters the pressure-maintaining cavity pipe 13, when the core barrel 14 completely enters the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, the pressure in the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 is the original pressure of the natural gas hydrate reservoir, the pressure sensor 47 monitors the pressure change in the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 in real time, when the pressure in the pressure-keeping cavity pipe 13 does not reach the set value, the electromagnetic switch 45 is always kept in the closed state, the cold source is always stored in the cold source cavity pipe 12, the phase-change liquid is prevented from being gasified due to a large amount of heat exchange with the outside through the cold source cavity heat-insulating layer.
The frozen core stage is started under the condition that the pressure-maintaining core is invalid, when the pressure in the pressure-maintaining cavity pipe 13 leaks, the pressure sensor 47 detects that the pressure in the pressure-maintaining cavity pipe 13 is lower than a set value, the relay 46 sends a signal to the electromagnetic switch 45, the electromagnetic switch 45 is opened, the cold source flows out from the cold source cavity pipe 12 and enters an annular gap between the core barrel 14 and the inner wall of the pressure-maintaining cavity pipe 13 through the electromagnetic switch 45, and due to the fact that a large temperature difference exists between the cold source and the natural gas hydrate core, the cold source is gasified in a large quantity to absorb heat to freeze the natural gas hydrate core to be below-40 ℃ so that the natural gas hydrate core is not decomposed.
After the natural gas hydrate core is lifted to the orifice, the natural gas hydrate core needs to be drilled continuously downwards to a new natural gas hydrate stratum, the natural gas hydrate core needs to be drilled continuously, firstly, the drilling fluid is circulated, the outer pipe 2 is rotated to drive the drill bit 3 to drill downwards to the natural gas hydrate stratum under the condition that the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool is not thrown into, then, the drilling is stopped, and the steps are repeated to obtain the new natural gas hydrate core.
Referring to fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the drill supply mechanism 5 includes a frame 51, a magazine 52, the device comprises a pushing material driving cylinder 53, a push plate 54, a replenishment assembly 55 and a first clamping driving cylinder 56, wherein a placing box 52 is obliquely arranged at the top end of a rack 51, a drilling tool replacing mechanism 6 is arranged on one side of the rack 51, the placing box 52 is obliquely and downwards arranged towards the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6, at least one pushing material driving cylinder 53 is arranged on one side, away from the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6, of the placing box 52, the pushing material driving cylinder 53 is installed on the rack 51, the push plate 54 is driven by the output shaft of the pushing material driving cylinder 53, the push plate 54 is arranged towards the inlet of the placing box 52, the replenishment assembly 55 is arranged on one side, towards the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6, of the placing box 52, a pair of first clamping driving cylinders 56 is symmetrically arranged on one side, towards the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6, of the placing box 52.
Specifically, the supply assembly 55 includes a mounting base 551, a supply driving cylinder 552, a drilling tool box door 553 and a slider 554, two mounting bases 551 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the placing box 52 facing the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6, the mounting bases 551 are all provided with the supply driving cylinder 552, an output shaft of the supply driving cylinder 552 is in transmission connection with the drilling tool box door 553, two sides of the top end of the drilling tool box door 553 are respectively connected with one supply driving cylinder 552, and at least one slider 554 slidably connected with the placing box 52 is arranged on the drilling tool box door 553.
The drilling tool to be replaced is placed into the placing box 52, the drilling tool can naturally roll down to the lower position of the placing box 52 under the action of gravity, namely, the position of the drilling tool is close to one end of the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6, then the pair of first clamping driving cylinders 56 can work, the position of the drilling tool is clamped and corrected under the action of the first clamping driving cylinders 56, then when the drilling tool needs to be replaced, the supply assembly 55 starts to work, the supply driving cylinder 552 mounted on the mounting base 551 drives the door of the drilling tool 553 to move up and down, the outlet of the placing box 52 is opened, meanwhile, the first clamping driving cylinders 56 loosen the drilling tool, in order to avoid the clamping of the drilling tool, the pushing driving cylinders 53 are arranged on the rack 51, the pushing plate 54 can be pushed when the pushing plate 53 works, and the drilling tool closest to the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6 is pushed out of the placing box 52.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the drilling tool replacing mechanism 6 includes a base 61, a slide rail 62, a sliding trolley 63, pulleys 64, a drilling tool replacing table 65, a spring 66, a mounting rack 67, a positioning driving cylinder 68 and a recovering driving cylinder 69, the base 61 is connected with the two pulleys 64 in a sliding manner, the base 61 is provided with the slide rail 62, the sliding trolley 63 is provided with the pulleys 64 connected with the slide rail 62 in a sliding manner, the top ends of the sliding trolley 63 are provided with the drilling tool replacing table 65, the drilling tool replacing table 65 includes a pedestal 651, a first placing groove 652, a blocking strip 653 and a butt plate 654, the pedestal 651 is mounted at the top end of the sliding trolley 63, one end of the pedestal 651 close to the rack 51 is hinged to the sliding trolley 63, the pedestal is provided with a first placing groove 652 for placing a drilling tool, one side of the pedestal 651 far away from the rack 51 is provided with the blocking strip 653 protruding from the pedestal 651, one end of, the one end tip that two pedestals 651 are close to each other passes through spring 66 to be connected, and the both ends tip of base 61 is equipped with mounting bracket 67, is equipped with the location on the mounting bracket 67 and drives actuating cylinder 68, and the output shaft that the location drove actuating cylinder 68 runs through butt plate 654 and is equipped with buffer board 681 at the one end tip that enters into pedestal 651, is equipped with on the sliding trolley 63 to retrieve and drives actuating cylinder 69, retrieves the output shaft that drives actuating cylinder 69 and is connected with pedestal 651 transmission.
The drilling tool dropped from the placing box 52 is dropped onto the first placing groove 652 of the pedestal 651, the setting of the blocking strip 653 prevents the drilling tool from dropping from the pedestal 651, and then the positioning driving cylinder 68 on the base 61 is operated to push the two pulleys 64 closer to or farther away from each other according to the size of the drilling tool, so that the abutting plate 654 can hold the end of the drilling tool.
Referring to fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the recovery mechanism 7 includes a lifting driving cylinder 71, retrieve box 72, guide rail 73, second centre gripping drives actuating cylinder 74 and slide 75, be equipped with slide 75 on frame 51, slide 75 slope sets up on frame 51 and sets up with the opposite direction of slope of placing box 52, slide 75 is kept away from the one end of frame 51 and is articulated to have retrieves box 72, it is equipped with the second standing groove 721 that is used for placing the drilling tool to retrieve to be equipped with on the box 72, it is equipped with a pair of second centre gripping and drives actuating cylinder 74 to retrieve box 72 lateral part symmetry, the output shaft of second centre gripping drives actuating cylinder 74 and extends into and retrieves inside box 72, the bottom of retrieving box 72 is equipped with lift and drives actuating cylinder 71, lift and drive actuating cylinder 71 and install on frame 51, the output shaft and the box 72 transmission of retrieving of lift and driving actuating cylinder 71 are connected, be equipped with at least one guide rail 73.
When the drilling tool needs to be replaced after the core sampling is completed, the recovery driving cylinder 69 starts to work, the pedestal 651 is lifted, the drilling tool on the pedestal 651 can enter the slideway 75, then the drilling tool enters the second placing groove 721 of the recovery box 72 along the gradient of the slideway 75, and the lifting driving cylinder 71 is used for driving the recovery box 72 to do lifting movement, so that the drilling tool can be taken out conveniently. The second clamp drive cylinder 74 functions similarly to the first clamp drive cylinder 56 to clamp and correct the position of the drill.
The core sampling equipment realizes the functions of the invention through the following steps, thereby solving the technical problems provided by the invention:
step one, when the drilling tool is used, drilling fluid above the cold source cavity pipe 12 pushes the cold source cavity pipe 12, the pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, the core barrel 14 and the cutting teeth 18 to be pressed into a natural gas hydrate stratum;
before drilling and coring, firstly, the exhaust valve body 43, the exhaust valve spring 42 and the exhaust valve core 44 at the top of the cold source cavity tube 12 need to be detached, and then liquid nitrogen is injected into the cold source cavity tube 12 to pre-cool the cold source cavity tube;
step three, after the cold source is filled, putting the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool into the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool, sitting a boss at the top of the control rod 1 of the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool on a concave table of the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool, and suspending the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool integrally;
driving a pump to start circulating drilling fluid, enabling the drilling fluid to enter the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool from a through hole in the top of the control rod 1, then enabling the drilling fluid to enter a space defined by the control rod 1, the outer pipe 2 of the drilling tool, the sealing ring 41 and the cold source cavity pipe 12 through the drilling fluid inlet 11, when the cutting teeth 18 drive the core barrel 14 to be completely pressed into a natural gas hydrate stratum, filling the core barrel 14 with a natural gas hydrate core, enabling the piston 16 to reach the top of the core barrel 14, and then drilling a core-taking stage;
and fifthly, after drilling and coring are finished, putting in a fisher, clamping a fishing hook of the fisher in a groove at the top of the control rod 1, lifting the fisher, driving the control rod 1 to move upwards by the fisher, lifting the natural gas hydrate core to an orifice, continuing to drill a new natural gas hydrate stratum downwards, continuing to drill the natural gas hydrate core, circulating the drilling fluid at first, rotating the outer pipe 2 to drive the drill bit 3 to drill downwards to the natural gas hydrate stratum under the condition that the inner pipe 4 of the drilling tool is not put in, stopping drilling, and repeating the steps to obtain the new natural gas hydrate core.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the drilling tool can be automatically used during core sampling, a placing space is provided, the existing natural gas hydrate pressure maintaining sampling method and the existing freezing sampling method are organically combined through the natural gas hydrate freezing pressure maintaining sampling drilling tool, and when the core barrel 14 leaks and the internal pressure reaches a certain value, the natural gas hydrate core is frozen to the required temperature by using low-temperature phase-change liquid as a cold source; the fidelity degree and the coring success rate of the natural gas hydrate core are improved by adopting the double effects of freezing and pressure maintaining.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A gas hydrate core sampling device for gas exploration, comprising:
the drilling tool is used for sampling the core of the natural gas hydrate;
a drilling tool replenishment mechanism (5) for placing unused drilling tools in order and replacing the drilling tools;
the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6) is arranged on the side part of the drilling tool replenishing mechanism (5) and is used for receiving a drilling tool to be replaced, positioning and clamping the drilling tool and providing a platform for the installation of the drilling tool;
and a recovery mechanism (7) which is arranged at the side part of the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6) and is used for receiving the used drilling tool.
2. The gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 1, wherein the drilling tool comprises a drilling tool outer tube (2), a drilling tool inner tube (4) and a drill bit (3), the drilling tool outer tube (2) is coaxially sleeved outside the drilling tool inner tube (4), a gap is formed between the drilling tool outer tube (2) and the drilling tool inner tube (4), and the drill bit (3) is sleeved at the bottom of the drilling tool outer tube (2).
3. The natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 2, wherein the drill inner tube (4) comprises a control rod (1), a sealing ring (41), an exhaust valve spring (42), an exhaust valve body (43), an exhaust valve core (44), a cold source cavity tube (12), a pressure maintaining cavity tube (13), a core barrel (14), a core tube (15), a piston (16), a spring (17) and cutting teeth (18), the control rod (1) is coaxially sleeved inside the drill outer tube (2), the top of the control rod (1) is of a hollow structure, a drilling fluid inlet (11) is formed in the hollow structure, the sealing ring (41) is arranged between the cold source cavity tube (12) and the drill outer tube (2), the exhaust valve body (43) is installed at a cold source inlet of the cold source cavity tube (12), and the exhaust valve spring (42) is arranged inside the exhaust valve body (43), the top of an exhaust valve spring (42) is connected with the inner top of an exhaust valve body (43), the bottom of the exhaust valve spring (42) is connected with an exhaust valve core (44) in a contact manner, and the cold source cavity tube (12), the pressure maintaining cavity tube (13), the coring barrel (14) and the cutting teeth (18) are sequentially sleeved on the control rod (1) from top to bottom.
4. The natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 3, wherein a boss is arranged at the top end of the control rod (1), a concave platform is arranged at the top end of the outer pipe (2) of the drilling tool, the diameter of the boss is larger than the inner diameter of the concave platform at the top of the outer pipe (2) of the drilling tool, and the boss and the concave platform are matched to enable the control rod (1) to be hung on the concave platform of the outer pipe (2) of the drilling tool.
5. The gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall of the cold source cavity pipe (12) is provided with a cold source cavity insulating layer (9), the inner wall of the pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) is provided with a pressure maintaining cavity insulating layer (14), the core pipe (15) is arranged inside the core barrel (14), the inner diameter of the core pipe (15) is smaller than that of the cutting teeth (18), the top of the spring (17) is connected with the core pipe (15), the bottom of the spring (17) is connected with the cutting teeth (18), the piston (16) is arranged inside the core pipe (15), and the top of the piston (16) is connected with the control rod (1).
6. The gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 5, wherein the drill inner tube (4) further comprises an electromagnetic switch (45), a relay (46) and a pressure sensor (47), the top of the electromagnetic switch (45) is arranged at a cold source outlet of the cold source cavity tube (12), the bottom of the electromagnetic switch (45) is communicated with the inside of the pressure maintaining cavity tube (13), the pressure sensor (47) is arranged inside the pressure maintaining cavity tube (13), the pressure sensor (47) is electrically connected with the relay (46), and the relay (46) is electrically connected with the electromagnetic switch (45).
7. The natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 6, wherein the drilling tool replenishment mechanism (5) comprises a rack (51), a placement box (52), a pushing material driving cylinder (53), a push plate (54), a replenishment assembly (55) and a first clamping driving cylinder (56), the placement box (52) is obliquely arranged at the top end of the rack (51), the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6) is arranged at one side of the rack (51), the placement box (52) is obliquely and downwards arranged towards the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6), at least one pushing material driving cylinder (53) is arranged at one side of the placement box (52) far away from the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6), the pushing material driving cylinder (53) is installed on the rack (51), the push plate (54) is driven by output shafts of the pushing material driving cylinders (53), and the push plate (54) is arranged towards an inlet of the placement box (52), one side of the placing box (52) facing the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6) is provided with the replenishing assembly (55), one side of the placing box (52) facing the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6) is symmetrically provided with a pair of first clamping driving cylinders (56), and output shafts of the first clamping driving cylinders (56) extend into the placing box (52).
8. The gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 7, wherein the supply assembly (55) comprises mounting seats (551), a supply driving cylinder (552), a drilling tool box door (553) and sliders (554), two mounting seats (551) are symmetrically arranged on one side, facing the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6), of the placement box (52), the supply driving cylinder (552) is mounted on each mounting seat (551), an output shaft of the supply driving cylinder (552) is connected with the drilling tool box door (553), two sides of the top end of the drilling tool box door (553) are respectively connected with one supply driving cylinder (552), and at least one slider (554) which is in sliding connection with the placement box (52) is arranged on the drilling tool box door (553).
9. The gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 8, wherein the drilling tool replacing mechanism (6) comprises a base (61), a sliding rail (62), a sliding trolley (63), pulleys (64), a drilling tool replacing table (65), a spring (66), a mounting frame (67), a positioning driving cylinder (68) and a recovery driving cylinder (69), two pulleys (64) are connected onto the base (61) in a sliding manner, the sliding rail (62) is arranged on the base (61), the pulleys (64) which are connected with the sliding rail (62) in a sliding manner are arranged on the sliding trolley (63), the drilling tool replacing table (65) is arranged at the top end of each sliding trolley (63), each drilling tool replacing table (65) comprises a table base (651), a first placing groove (652), a blocking strip (653) and an abutting plate (654), and the table base (651) is mounted at the top end of the sliding trolley (63), and pedestal (651) are close to the one end of frame (51) and are articulated with sliding trolley (63), are equipped with first standing groove (652) that is used for placing the drilling tool on pedestal (651), and one side that frame (51) were kept away from in pedestal (651) is equipped with blend stop (653) that protrusion set up in pedestal (651), and the one end tip that two pedestals (651) kept away from each other is equipped with butt plate (654), and the one end tip that two pedestals (651) are close to each other passes through spring (66) are connected, and the both ends tip of base (61) is equipped with mounting bracket (67), is equipped with on mounting bracket (67) location drive actuating cylinder (68), and the output shaft that location drive actuating cylinder (68) run through butt plate (654) and be equipped with buffer board (681) at the one end tip that enters into pedestal (651), is equipped with on sliding trolley (63) retrieve drive actuating cylinder (69), retrieve the output shaft that drives actuating cylinder (69) and.
10. The natural gas hydrate core sampling device for natural gas exploration according to claim 9, wherein the recovery mechanism (7) comprises a lifting driving cylinder (71), a recovery box (72), a guide rail (73), a second clamping driving cylinder (74) and a slide way (75), the slide way (75) is arranged on the frame (51), the slide way (75) is obliquely arranged on the frame (51) and is opposite to the oblique direction of the placement box (52), one end, far away from the frame (51), of the slide way (75) is hinged with the recovery box (72), a second placing groove (721) for placing a drilling tool is arranged on the recovery box (72), a pair of the second clamping driving cylinders (74) is symmetrically arranged on the side of the recovery box (72), the output shaft of the second clamping driving cylinder (74) extends into the recovery box (72), the lifting driving cylinder (71) is arranged at the bottom of the recovery box (72), the lifting driving cylinder (71) is installed on the rack (51), an output shaft of the lifting driving cylinder (71) is in transmission connection with the recovery box (72), at least one guide rail (73) is arranged on the rack (51), and the recovery box (72) is in sliding connection with the guide rail (73).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011183313.7A CN112211579A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Natural gas hydrate core sampling equipment for natural gas exploration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011183313.7A CN112211579A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Natural gas hydrate core sampling equipment for natural gas exploration |
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| CN112211579A true CN112211579A (en) | 2021-01-12 |
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| CN202011183313.7A Withdrawn CN112211579A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Natural gas hydrate core sampling equipment for natural gas exploration |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112835400A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-25 | 四川大学 | Calibration platform water circulation temperature control system |
| CN112859964A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 四川大学 | Calibration platform temperature control system and control method thereof |
| CN115162985A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 四川大学 | Deep in-situ fidelity coring calibration platform safety monitoring system |
| CN117738608A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-22 | 克拉玛依市远山石油科技有限公司 | Oil sand probing coring device |
| CN117738608B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-04-26 | 克拉玛依市远山石油科技有限公司 | Oil sand probing coring device |
-
2020
- 2020-10-29 CN CN202011183313.7A patent/CN112211579A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112835400A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-25 | 四川大学 | Calibration platform water circulation temperature control system |
| CN112859964A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 四川大学 | Calibration platform temperature control system and control method thereof |
| CN115162985A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 四川大学 | Deep in-situ fidelity coring calibration platform safety monitoring system |
| CN117738608A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-22 | 克拉玛依市远山石油科技有限公司 | Oil sand probing coring device |
| CN117738608B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-04-26 | 克拉玛依市远山石油科技有限公司 | Oil sand probing coring device |
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