CN112210793B - Aluminum electrolytic cell with heat pipe heat exchanger on side part - Google Patents
Aluminum electrolytic cell with heat pipe heat exchanger on side part Download PDFInfo
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- CN112210793B CN112210793B CN202011118864.5A CN202011118864A CN112210793B CN 112210793 B CN112210793 B CN 112210793B CN 202011118864 A CN202011118864 A CN 202011118864A CN 112210793 B CN112210793 B CN 112210793B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum electrolytic cell with a heat pipe exchanger on the side part, which comprises a cell body, a cathode carbon block and a cathode metal bar, wherein the heat pipe exchanger is attached to the outer side of the cell body and is positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal bar; the heat exchange control device is used for reducing the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger when the temperature in the tank body is reduced, and increasing the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger when the temperature in the tank body is increased. The heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged outside the tank body and on the upper side of the cathode metal rod, so that the temperature of the cathode metal rod can be adjusted, the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger is reduced when the temperature in the tank body is reduced, the heat preservation effect is achieved, the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is not easy to solidify, and the problem that the cathode carbon block is damaged due to the fact that the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is easy to solidify when the temperature in the electrolytic tank is reduced in the conventional aluminum electrolytic tank is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum electrolytic cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part.
Background
At present, the electrolytic aluminium industry basically adopts a cryolite-alumina fused salt electrolysis method, the main equipment of which is an electrolytic bath, and in the electrolysis process, current flows in from an anode, sequentially passes through an electrolyte, an aluminium liquid and a cathode carbon block, and then is led into a bus by a cathode steel bar. The cathode is an important component of the cell equipment. The cathode steel bar is in close contact with the cathode carbon block at a high temperature of 1000 ℃ for a long time, and when the temperature in the electrolytic cell is reduced, because the cathode steel bar has good heat conductivity and the heat dissipation capacity near the cathode steel bar is large, the primary crystal isotherm of the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is easy to move inwards, and the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is solidified, so that the problem of damage of the cathode carbon block is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum electrolytic cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part, which is used for solving the problem that the cathode carbon block is damaged because electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is easy to solidify when the temperature in the electrolytic cell is reduced in the prior aluminum electrolytic cell.
The aluminum electrolytic cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side adopts the following technical scheme:
the aluminum cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side comprises:
a tank for containing an electrolyte;
the cathode carbon block is arranged in the groove body;
one end of the cathode metal bar extends into the tank body to be in conductive contact with the cathode carbon block, and the other end of the cathode metal bar extends out of the tank body to be externally connected with a power supply;
the cathode carbon block is positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal bar;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is attached to the outer side of the groove body and is positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal rod, the heat pipe heat exchanger comprises a heat pipe attached to the groove body and a heat exchanger in heat conduction contact with the heat pipe, and the heat exchanger is close to the upper end of the heat pipe and is far away from the lower end of the heat pipe;
and the heat exchange control device is used for reducing the heat exchange flow of the heat exchanger when the temperature in the tank body is reduced and increasing the heat exchange flow of the heat exchanger when the temperature in the tank body is increased.
The aluminum electrolytic cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side has the beneficial effects that: the molten electrolyte and the cathode carbon block in the cell body are positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal bar, the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged on the outer side of the cell body and on the upper side of the cathode metal bar, the temperature of the upper side of the cathode metal bar can be adjusted, the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger is reduced when the temperature in the cell body drops, the heat preservation effect is achieved, the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is not easy to solidify, and the problem that the cathode carbon block is damaged due to the fact that the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block is easy to solidify when the temperature in the electrolytic cell drops in the prior aluminum electrolytic cell is solved.
In order to further improve the heat exchange effect of the heat pipe heat exchanger, the heat pipe heat exchanger is a plate type heat pipe heat exchanger, and the heat pipe is a plate type heat pipe attached to the outer side of the groove body. The contact area of the plate-type heat pipe and the groove body is larger, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher.
The plate type heat pipe is further optimized, the plate type heat pipe comprises two opposite heat pipe plates, and a heat pipe medium cavity for heat pipe medium flowing is formed between the two heat pipe plates. The two hot plate plates form the heat pipe medium cavity, so that the structure is simple and the processing is convenient.
Furthermore, the two heat pipe plates are flat plates, a square-back-shaped frame is arranged between the two heat pipe plates, and the two heat pipe plates and the square-back-shaped frame jointly enclose the heat pipe medium cavity. The heat pipe plate has simpler structure and is convenient to be combined with the square-shaped frame.
Furthermore, the cell body is externally provided with at least two cradle frames which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cell body, an accommodating groove is formed by the two adjacent cradle frames which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cell body and the side wall of the cell body in an enclosing mode, the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged in the accommodating groove, and one end, extending out of the cell body, of the cathode metal rod is located in the accommodating groove. The cradle frame can be utilized to protect the heat pipe exchanger, and the service life of the heat pipe exchanger is prolonged.
Further, the depth of the accommodating groove in the width direction of the groove body is larger than the maximum size of the heat pipe heat exchanger in the width direction of the groove body. Can protect heat pipe exchanger through the holding tank, reduce the external heat pipe exchanger that collides with, improve heat pipe exchanger's life-span.
Furthermore, a groove edge plate is arranged at the notch of the groove body, the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged below the groove edge plate, and the upper end of the cradle frame is fixed at the lower side of the groove edge plate. The semi-closed structure is formed by the surrounding of the groove edge plate and the cradle frame, so that the heat exchange effect of the heat pipe heat exchanger is improved.
Furthermore, the cradle frame is U-shaped, the cradle frame comprises a groove side wall fixing part fixed with the side wall of the groove body and a groove bottom fixing part fixed with the bottom of the groove body, and the heat pipe heat exchanger is positioned between the two adjacent groove side wall fixing parts. The cradle frame integrally supports the tank body, and the strengthening effect on the tank body is better.
Furthermore, a groove edge plate is arranged at the notch of the groove body, and the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged below the groove edge plate. The heat pipe heat exchanger is protected by the groove edge plate, so that electrolyte in the groove is prevented from splashing to damage the heat pipe heat exchanger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell in an embodiment 1 of the invention with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side;
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of an aluminum reduction cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention having a heat pipe exchanger at the side thereof;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe exchanger in the aluminum electrolytic cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
in the figure: 1-a groove body; 11-a trough edge plate; 2-cathode carbon block; 3-a cathode metal bar; 4-heat pipe heat exchanger; 41-plate type heat pipes; 411-a hot tube sheet; 412-a glyph frame; 42-a heat exchanger; 421-heat-conducting medium inlet; 422-heat conducting medium outlet; 5-cradle rack; 51-groove sidewall securing portions; 52-the trough bottom stationary portion; 6-accommodating the tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The invention relates to a specific embodiment 1 of an aluminum electrolytic cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger at the side part:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the aluminum electrolytic cell with the heat pipe exchanger on the side comprises a cell body 1, a cathode carbon block 2, a cathode metal bar 3 and a heat pipe exchanger 4, wherein the cathode carbon block 2 is arranged in the cell body 1, one end of the cathode metal bar 3 extends into the cell body 1, the other end of the cathode metal bar 3 extends out of the cell body 1 and is connected with an external power supply, and the cathode carbon block 2 is positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal bar 3 and is in conductive connection with the cathode metal bar 3.
A groove edge plate 11 is arranged at the notch of the groove body 1, and a heat insulation layer is arranged at the inner side of the groove body 1. The heat pipe exchanger 4 is fixed below the groove edge plate 11, and the heat pipe exchanger 4 can be protected by the groove edge plate 11. The tank body 1 is fixed on a cradle frame 5, the cradle frame 5 is provided with a plurality of cradle frames 5 in the length direction of the tank body 1, the heat pipe heat exchanger 4 is positioned between the adjacent cradle frames 5, and the cradle frames 5 can protect the two sides of the heat pipe heat exchanger 4. The cradle frame is U-shaped, and cradle frame 5 includes the fixed part 51 of the cell wall side fixed with cell body 1 lateral wall and the fixed tank bottom fixed part 52 with the cell body bottom, and the cell wall side fixed part 51 of two adjacent cradle frames 5 along cell body length direction spaced encloses with cell body 1 lateral wall and becomes to have holding tank 6, and heat pipe exchanger 4 sets up in holding tank 6, and the heat pipe exchanger is in between the adjacent two cell lateral wall fixed parts promptly. One end of the cathode metal bar 3 extending out of the tank body 1 is positioned in the holding tank 6. Can protect heat pipe exchanger and negative pole metal rod through holding tank 6, reduce external colliding with. The depth of the accommodating groove 6 in the width direction of the groove body 1 is larger than the maximum size of the heat pipe heat exchanger in the width direction of the groove body, so that the heat pipe heat exchanger 4 is completely positioned in the accommodating groove 6, and the protection effect is further improved.
The heat pipe heat exchanger 4 in this embodiment is a plate heat pipe heat exchanger, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the heat pipe heat exchanger 4 includes a plate heat pipe 41 and a heat exchanger 42 fixed on an upper side of the plate heat pipe 41.
The aluminum electrolysis cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part further comprises a heat exchanger control device, the heat exchanger control device is a flow regulating valve for controlling the heat exchange flow of the heat exchanger in the embodiment, and the heat exchanger control device can control the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger 4. The heat pipe heat exchanger 4 is arranged on the upper side of the cathode metal bar 3, the positions of the heat pipe heat exchanger 4 correspond to the cathode carbon block and electrolyte in the cell body, when the temperature in the cell body 1 is reduced, the flow regulating valve reduces the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger 4, at the moment, the heat pipe heat exchanger 4 is equivalent to heat preservation of the cell wall on the upper side of the cathode metal bar 3, the temperature reduction speed of the cathode metal bar 3 is reduced, the electrolyte in the cathode carbon block 2 is not easy to solidify, and the service life of the cathode carbon block 2 is prolonged.
The plate heat pipe 41 includes two opposite heat pipe plates 411 and a frame 412 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui', the frame 412 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui' and the two heat pipe plates 411 enclose a heat pipe medium cavity, a heat pipe medium is arranged in the heat pipe medium cavity, and the connection medium can be heat-sensitive alcohol and pure water or deionized water.
The heat exchanger 42 is fixed on the upper side of the plate heat pipe 41 by bolts, as shown in fig. 4, a heat conducting medium inlet 421 and a heat conducting medium outlet 422 are arranged on one side of the heat exchanger 42 facing away from the plate heat pipe 41, and the heat conducting medium inlet 421 is located on the upper side of the heat conducting medium outlet 422. In this embodiment, the heat exchange flow rate regulated by the flow regulating valve is the heat transfer medium flow rate of the heat exchanger. The heat conducting medium in the heat exchanger can be heat conducting oil, and can also be pure water or deionized water and the like.
One plate surface of the plate type heat pipe 41 is a tank body attaching surface attached to the side wall of the tank body 1, and the other surface is a heat exchanger fixing surface fixed to the heat exchanger 42.
The heat pipe heat exchanger 4 adopts the gas-liquid phase change of the heat pipe, has the characteristics of rapid temperature equalization and thermal superconductivity, and has the advantages of higher heat transfer capacity, small volume and high heat exchange power. The aluminum electrolysis cell is suitable for special environments such as narrow space around the aluminum electrolysis cell, open high-temperature fire source, high magnetic field, high dust, high-acidity gas atmosphere and the like.
The heat pipe medium in the plate heat pipe 41 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 42 after being evaporated, the steam is condensed into liquid and flows back to the lower part of the heat pipe medium cavity, and the liquid circulate in a reciprocating way, so that the heat is transferred to the heat exchanger 42 through the plate heat pipe 41, and the heat is collected through the heat exchanger 42. When heat preservation is required, the rate of heat exchange is controlled by controlling the flow rate of the heat exchanger medium in the heat exchanger 42.
The heat dissipation of the electrolytic bath is slowed down through the heat pipe heat exchanger 4 and the heat exchanger control device, and the heat preservation effect is achieved; when the temperature of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell is too high, the heat dissipation of the electrolytic cell can be accelerated by increasing the medium flow of an external heat exchange system, and the cooling effect is achieved.
When the aluminum electrolytic cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part works, the electrolyte in the cell body 1 is in a molten state, and when the temperature of the cell body 1 is reduced or increased, the heat exchange control device can control the heat exchange flow of the heat pipe heat exchanger 4, so that the temperature change amplitude in the cell body 1 is reduced.
In the embodiment 2 of the aluminum electrolysis cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side, the structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side in the embodiment is different from the above embodiment only in that in the embodiment, the heat pipe heat exchanger comprises a heat pipe and a heat exchanger connected with the heat pipe, and the heat pipe is tubular.
The invention discloses a specific embodiment 3 of an aluminum electrolysis cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part, wherein the structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part in the embodiment is different from the specific embodiment only in that: in this embodiment, the notch of cell body does not have the groove along board, and the holding tank is the logical groove of extending from top to bottom this moment.
The invention discloses a specific embodiment 4 of an aluminum electrolysis cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side, wherein the structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side in the embodiment is different from the specific embodiment only in that: in this embodiment, the plate heat pipe includes a heat pipe plate, a heat pipe groove is formed in the heat pipe plate, a sealing cover is disposed at an opening of the heat pipe groove, and the heat pipe plate and the sealing cover enclose a heat pipe medium cavity.
The invention discloses a specific embodiment 5 of an aluminum electrolysis cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part, wherein the structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part in the embodiment is different from the specific embodiment only in that: in this embodiment, the groove is arranged on the outer side of the tank body, and the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged in the groove. At the moment, part of the heat pipe heat exchangers are not arranged between the adjacent cradle racks.
The invention discloses a specific embodiment 6 of an aluminum electrolytic cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side, wherein the structure of the aluminum electrolytic cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side in the embodiment is different from the specific embodiment only in that: in this embodiment, the heat exchanger part of heat pipe exchanger stretches out the holding tank.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. The aluminum cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side comprises:
a tank for containing an electrolyte;
the cathode carbon block is arranged in the groove body;
one end of the cathode metal bar extends into the tank body to be in conductive contact with the cathode carbon block, and the other end of the cathode metal bar extends out of the tank body to be externally connected with a power supply;
the cathode carbon block is positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal bar;
it is characterized in that the aluminum cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part further comprises:
the heat pipe heat exchanger is attached to the outer side of the tank body and is positioned on the upper side of the cathode metal bar, the heat pipe heat exchanger comprises a heat pipe attached to the tank body and a heat exchanger in heat conduction contact with the heat pipe, the heat exchanger is arranged close to the upper end of the heat pipe and far away from the lower end of the heat pipe, and the heat exchanger is arranged on one side, back to the tank body, of the heat pipe; the heat pipe extends up and down, the upper end and the lower end of the heat pipe are both attached to the tank body, heat exchange is carried out between the heat pipe medium in the heat pipe and the heat exchanger after evaporation, and the steam is condensed into liquid and flows back to the lower part of the heat pipe medium cavity;
and the heat exchange control device is used for reducing the heat exchange flow of the heat exchanger when the temperature in the tank body is reduced and increasing the heat exchange flow of the heat exchanger when the temperature in the tank body is increased.
2. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part as recited in claim 1, wherein the heat pipe heat exchanger is a plate type heat pipe heat exchanger, and the heat pipe is a plate type heat pipe attached to the outer side of the cell body.
3. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part according to claim 2, wherein the plate type heat pipe comprises two opposite heat pipe plates, and a heat pipe medium cavity for heat pipe medium flowing is formed between the two heat pipe plates.
4. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part according to claim 3, wherein the two heat pipe plates are both flat plates, a frame shaped like a Chinese character 'hui' is arranged between the two heat pipe plates, and the two heat pipe plates and the frame shaped like the Chinese character 'hui' together enclose the heat pipe medium cavity.
5. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least two cradle racks are arranged outside the cell body at intervals along the length direction of the cell body, an accommodating groove is defined by two adjacent cradle racks at intervals along the length direction of the cell body and the side wall of the cell body, the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged in the accommodating groove, and one end of the cathode metal rod, which extends out of the cell body, is positioned in the accommodating groove.
6. The aluminum reduction cell with a heat pipe heat exchanger on the side according to claim 5, wherein the depth of the accommodating cell in the width direction of the cell body is larger than the maximum dimension of the heat pipe heat exchanger in the width direction of the cell body.
7. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part thereof as recited in claim 5, wherein a groove edge plate is arranged at the notch of the cell body, the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged below the groove edge plate, and the upper end of the cradle frame is fixed at the lower side of the groove edge plate.
8. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part as recited in claim 5, wherein the cradle frame is U-shaped, the cradle frame comprises a cell side wall fixing part fixed with the cell body side wall and a cell bottom fixing part fixed with the cell body bottom, and the heat pipe heat exchanger is positioned between the two adjacent cell side wall fixing parts.
9. The aluminum reduction cell with the heat pipe heat exchanger on the side part according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a groove edge plate is arranged at the notch of the cell body, and the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged below the groove edge plate.
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| CN202011118864.5A CN112210793B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Aluminum electrolytic cell with heat pipe heat exchanger on side part |
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| CN202011118864.5A CN112210793B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Aluminum electrolytic cell with heat pipe heat exchanger on side part |
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| CN112210793B true CN112210793B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN113913873B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-09-05 | 东北大学 | Aluminum electrolysis cell capable of serving as flexible load and heat balance control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| IT1121523B (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1986-04-02 | Snam Progetti | PROCEDURE FOR THE ACCUMULATION AND PRODUCTION OF ENERGY THROUGH STORAGE OF ALKALINE METALS |
| JP4261328B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2009-04-30 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | Molten metal chloride electrolyzer |
| EA201490507A1 (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2014-09-30 | Гудтек Рекавери Текнолоджи Ас | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE FORMATION OF A LAYER IN ELECTROLYSIS BATH FOR ALUMINUM |
| NO336846B1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2015-11-16 | Goodtech Recovery Technology As | Branched heat pipe |
| CN203582982U (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-05-07 | 郑州大学 | Forced heat transfer type aluminum electrolytic tank |
| CN105803491A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Heat reclamation device for sidewall of aluminium reduction cell |
| CN205011850U (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-02-03 | 顾为东 | Hot balance control device of aluminium cell |
| EP3266904B1 (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2021-03-24 | TRIMET Aluminium SE | Molten salt electrolysis system and control method for operation of the same |
| CN107012484B (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2019-01-08 | 中南大学 | It is a kind of to adjust thermally equilibrated heat preservation of aluminium electrolytic cell method and apparatus using flue gas |
| CN108411341B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2022-05-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Heat balance adjusting system for absorbing unstable new energy and implementation method |
| CN108441891A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-24 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | A method of adjusting aluminum cell side energy balance |
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