CN112209561A - Wastewater softening treatment device and method - Google Patents
Wastewater softening treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112209561A CN112209561A CN201910631345.XA CN201910631345A CN112209561A CN 112209561 A CN112209561 A CN 112209561A CN 201910631345 A CN201910631345 A CN 201910631345A CN 112209561 A CN112209561 A CN 112209561A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, and particularly provides a wastewater softening treatment device and a wastewater softening treatment method, which comprise a mixer, a flocculation tank, a clarification tank, an oxidation tank, a biological filter, a pH adjusting tank, a reaction tank and a high-density filter tank which are sequentially communicated; the method of the device is that a flocculating agent is added into the wastewater firstly, after precipitation and separation, organic matters in the wastewater are removed through chemical oxidation and biological reaction, and then the flocculation reaction time is shortened by a sludge induced crystal reflux mode. The technology has important demonstration effect on wastewater reuse and zero discharge after implementation, and the total hardness, silicate concentration and COD concentration of the wastewater after pretreatment are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a wastewater softening treatment device and method.
Background
For a long time, the pollution control of high salinity wastewater has not been paid sufficient attention, and with the rapid development of chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power and other industries and urban construction, in order to save and utilize water resources, most of industrial wastewater, urban wastewater and the like are treated by adopting a reverse osmosis technology and then recycled, so that various reverse osmosis concentrated water produced by the treatment and the environmental pollution problem caused by high salinity wastewater of industrial circulating water drainage and the like are more and more serious.
The wastewater with high salt content mainly adopts two technologies of reverse osmosis and evaporative crystallization. Whether reverse osmosis or evaporative crystallization is adopted, a large amount of calcium and magnesium ions, silicon and other scaling components in the salt-containing wastewater have serious scaling damage to the normal operation of the device. These inorganic salt scales can lead to clogging of reverse osmosis membranes, reduced water production, and even permanent membrane damage. In the evaporative crystallization equipment, the scaling can also cause the problems of reduced heat transfer efficiency of the equipment, corrosion of the equipment and the like. Therefore, the pretreatment work of hardness removal and silicon removal before wastewater treatment is very important.
The common route of the hard removing and silicon removing process is as follows: adding chemicals for reaction (lime, NaOH, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, magnesium agent and the like can be added), softening, adding one-stage or multi-stage clarification, and then adding a medium for filtration, wherein the process has some problems in actual operation; when tap water contains high concentration of magnesium, calcium and silicon, generated precipitates are not easy to separate, the occupied area of a clarification tank is large, the effluent quality is difficult to guarantee, the dosing amount is large, the direct reaction of added lime and sodium carbonate is easy to occur, various problems of dirt blockage and scaling are easy to occur, and backwashing and chemical cleaning of a filter and a membrane separation system are frequent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a wastewater softening treatment device and method, which have the advantages of good hardness and organic matter removal effect, less investment, small occupied area, flexible equipment, convenient manufacture and the like, and are particularly suitable for recycling treatment of wastewater in coal chemical industry production.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a wastewater softening treatment device comprises a mixer, a flocculation tank, a clarification tank, an oxidation tank, a biological filter, a pH adjusting tank, a reaction tank and a high-density filter tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines, and a sludge reflux device connected with the reaction tank is arranged at an outlet of the high-density filter tank. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
settling and decontaminating, namely uniformly mixing the wastewater in a mixer, allowing the wastewater to enter a flocculation tank and fully reacting with a flocculating agent a under the action of stirring a, and setting the hydraulic retention time to be 0.5-1 hour; the wastewater after reaction enters a clarification tank, the wastewater naturally settles in the clarification tank, and the hydraulic retention time is set to be 1-3 hours; the sludge is sent out through a sludge discharge pipeline a, and the wastewater enters an oxidation pond through overflow;
secondly, organic matter treatment, namely adding an oxidant into an oxidation pond to decompose organic matters in the wastewater, enabling the wastewater to enter a biological filter, controlling the oxygen content of the wastewater to be 2-6 ppm, and enabling the COD concentration of the wastewater to be reduced to 50mg/L and then entering a pH adjusting tank;
and step three, pH adjustment, namely adding sodium hydroxide into a pH adjusting tank to control the pH of the wastewater to be 9-11, enabling the wastewater to automatically flow to a reaction tank, adding a hardness removing agent into the reaction tank, starting stirring c to enable the hardness removing agent to fully react with the wastewater, filtering the wastewater through a high-density filtering tank, sending sludge out through a sludge discharge pipeline b, returning part of the sludge to the reaction tank through a sludge reflux device, controlling the hardness of effluent to be less than 100mg/L, and controlling the concentration of silicate to be less than 20mg/L, COD and less than 50 mg/L.
The wastewater comprises several kinds of drainage of circulating water, concentrated water of desalted water, reclaimed water, backwash water of a biological filter and concentrated water of an ultrafiltration device.
The flocculant a is a mixture of polyacrylamide and polymeric ferric sulfate or any one of the mixtures.
The stirring speed of the stirring a is controlled to be 50-100 r/min in order to enhance the flocculation reaction effect.
The oxidant is one or more of ozone, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide, and decomposes organic matters in the wastewater to improve the biodegradability of the wastewater.
The sodium hydroxide concentration as described above is 28-36%.
The hardness-removing agent is one or more of quicklime, slaked lime, soda ash, caustic soda and magnesia.
The high-density filter tank is also added with a flocculating agent b, and the flocculating agent is a mixture of PAM and PAC or one of the PAM and the PAC.
The sludge reflux device comprises a sludge discharge pipeline and a sludge pump which are sequentially connected, wherein the outlet of the high-density filter tank is connected with the sludge pump through a sludge discharge pipeline a and then connected with the inlet of the reaction tank through a sludge discharge pipeline b; the sludge reflux device returns the sludge to the hardness removal reaction tank, the sludge reflux ratio is controlled to be 10% -50%, and the reaction efficiency is improved as a crystal nucleus.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. before the wastewater is softened, the suspended matters are firstly flocculated and separated, so that magnesium ions and calcium ions are prevented from being released by magnesium carbonate and calcium sulfate in the subsequent softening process, and the influence of the suspended matters on the subsequent BAF pool is reduced.
2. The wastewater mixer is added to better recycle the backwashing water of the aeration filter, and simultaneously, the concentrated water treated by the subsequent nanofiltration membrane can be recycled, so that the recovery rate of the wastewater is improved.
3. The organic matter removing process is added, the hardness in the wastewater is removed, and simultaneously the organic matters in the wastewater are removed through chemical oxidation and biological reaction, so that the membrane cleaning times can be greatly reduced.
4. The adoption of the sludge crystal-inducing backflow mode greatly shortens the flocculation reaction time, so that reactants in the flocculation sedimentation tank are rapidly increased and heavy to sink to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the flocculation reaction efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater treatment apparatus and method for softening wastewater;
reference numerals: 1-a flocculation tank; 2-a clarification tank; 3-an oxidation pond; 4-biological filter; 5-pH adjusting tank; 6-a reaction tank; 7-high density filter tank; 8-a mixer; 9-stirring a; 10 stirring-b; 11-stirring c; 12-a sludge recirculation unit; 13-sludge discharge line a; 14-sludge discharge line b.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, a wastewater softening treatment method, the drainage from the circulating water of the whole plant, the concentrated water of desalted water, the reclaimed water, the backwashing water of a biological filter and the concentrated water of an ultrafiltration device are uniformly mixed in a mixer 8, enter a flocculation tank 1 and fully react with a flocculating agent a, a stirring tank a9 is arranged on the flocculation tank 1, the full reaction is carried out under the stirring action, the hydraulic retention time is set to be 0.5-1 hour, and the wastewater after the flocculation reaction enters a clarification tank 2; the wastewater naturally settles in the clarification tank 2, the hydraulic retention time is set to be 1 hour, the sludge is sent out by a sludge discharge pipeline a15, and the wastewater enters the oxidation tank 3 through overflow; adding oxidant ozone into the oxidation tank 3 to decompose organic matters in the wastewater, so as to improve the biodegradability of the wastewater; the wastewater from the oxidation pond 3 enters a biological filter 4, the oxygen content of the wastewater is controlled to be 2ppm by an air aeration device arranged at the bottom of the biological filter 4, and the COD concentration of the wastewater is reduced to 50mg/L and then enters a pH adjusting tank 5; sodium hydroxide is added into a pH adjusting tank 5 to control the pH value of the wastewater to be 9, the wastewater enters a reaction tank 6, and a hardness removing agent, namely: drug a, drug b, and drug c; and a flocculating agent b, starting stirring c11 to ensure that the medicament and the wastewater fully react, and then entering a high-density filtering tank 7; the high-density filter tank 7 is mainly used for filtering precipitates after flocculation reaction, sludge of the precipitates is sent out through a sludge discharge pipeline b14, part of sludge is returned to the reaction tank through the sludge reflux device 12, and the total hardness and the silicate content of the water outlet index are controlled to be 80mg/L and 18mg/L respectively.
Example 2:
a treatment method for softening wastewater, which is characterized in that drainage from circulating water of a whole plant, concentrated water of desalted water, reclaimed water, backwashing water of a biological filter and concentrated water of an ultrafiltration device are uniformly mixed in a mixer 8, enter a flocculation tank 1 and fully react with a flocculating agent a, the flocculation tank 1 is provided with a stirring tank a9, the full reaction is carried out under the stirring action, the hydraulic retention time is set to be 1 hour, and wastewater after the flocculation reaction enters a clarification tank 2; the wastewater naturally settles in the clarification tank 2, the hydraulic retention time is set to be 3 hours, the sludge is sent out by a sludge discharge pipeline a15, and the wastewater enters the oxidation tank 3 through overflow; adding oxidant ozone into the oxidation tank 3 to decompose organic matters in the wastewater, so as to improve the biodegradability of the wastewater; the wastewater from the oxidation pond 3 enters a biological filter 4, the oxygen content of the wastewater is controlled to be 6ppm by an air aeration device arranged at the bottom of the biological filter 4, and the COD concentration of the wastewater is reduced to 40mg/L and then enters a pH adjusting tank 5; sodium hydroxide is added into a pH adjusting tank 5 to control the pH value of the wastewater to be 11, the wastewater enters a reaction tank 6, and a hardness removing agent, namely: drug a, drug b, and drug c; and a flocculating agent b, starting stirring c11 to ensure that the medicament and the wastewater fully react, and then entering a high-density filtering tank 7; the high-density filter tank 7 is mainly used for filtering precipitates after flocculation reaction, sludge of the precipitates is sent out through a sludge discharge pipeline b14, part of sludge is returned to the reaction tank through the sludge reflux device 12, and the total hardness is controlled to be 90mg/L and the silicate content is controlled to be 19mg/L according to effluent indexes.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the hydraulic retention time of the flocculation tank in the step I is controlled to be 0.5 hour.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the hydraulic retention time of the flocculation tank in the step I is controlled to be 1 hour.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the stirring speed of the stirring a in the step (r) is controlled to be 50 revolutions per minute.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the stirring speed of the stirring a in the step (r) is controlled to be 100 revolutions per minute.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: setting hydraulic retention time of the clarification tank in the step I to be controlled at 1 hour.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: setting hydraulic retention time of the clarification tank in the step I to be controlled at 2 hours.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: setting hydraulic retention time of the clarification tank in the step I to be controlled at 3 hours.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: and secondly, an air aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the biological filter, and the oxygen concentration in the water is controlled to be 2 ppm.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: and secondly, an air aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the biological filter, and the oxygen concentration in water is controlled to be 4 ppm.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: and secondly, an air aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the biological filter, and the oxygen concentration in the water is controlled to be 6 ppm.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: and the sludge reflux device returns the sludge to the hardness removal reaction tank, and the sludge reflux ratio is controlled to be 10%.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: and the sludge reflux device returns the sludge to the hardness removal reaction tank, and the sludge reflux ratio is controlled at 30%.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: and the sludge reflux device returns the sludge to the hardness removal reaction tank, and the sludge reflux ratio is controlled at 50%.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the waste water comprises the drainage of circulating water, concentrated water of desalted water and reclaimed water.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the waste water comprises the drainage of circulating water, concentrated water of desalted water, reclaimed water, backwashing water of a biological filter and concentrated water of an ultrafiltration device.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the oxidant is ozone.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the oxidant is sodium hypochlorite.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the sodium hydroxide concentration was 32%.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the sodium hydroxide concentration was 28% or 30%.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the hardness-removing agent is quicklime, slaked lime, soda, caustic soda and magnesium agent.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the flocculant is PAM.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the flocculant is PAC.
Another embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the flocculant is a mixture of PAM and PAC.
Claims (10)
1. A treatment method for softening wastewater mainly comprises the following steps:
settling and decontaminating, namely uniformly mixing the wastewater in a mixer, allowing the wastewater to enter a flocculation tank and fully reacting with a flocculating agent a under the action of stirring a, and setting the hydraulic retention time to be 0.5-1 hour; the wastewater after reaction enters a clarification tank, the wastewater naturally settles in the clarification tank, and the hydraulic retention time is set to be 1-3 hours; the sludge is sent out through a sludge discharge pipeline a, and the wastewater enters an oxidation pond through overflow;
secondly, organic matter treatment, namely adding an oxidant into an oxidation pond to decompose organic matters in the wastewater, enabling the wastewater to enter a biological filter, controlling the oxygen content of the wastewater to be 2-6 ppm, and enabling the COD concentration of the wastewater to be reduced to 50mg/L and then entering a pH adjusting tank;
and step three, pH adjustment, namely adding sodium hydroxide into a pH adjusting tank to control the pH of the wastewater to be 9-11, enabling the wastewater to automatically flow to a reaction tank, adding a hardness removing agent into the reaction tank, starting stirring c to enable the hardness removing agent to fully react with the wastewater, filtering the wastewater through a high-density filtering tank, sending sludge out through a sludge discharge pipeline b, returning part of the sludge to the reaction tank through a sludge reflux device, controlling the hardness of effluent to be less than 100mg/L, and controlling the concentration of silicate to be less than 20mg/L, COD and less than 50 mg/L.
2. A device for a wastewater softening treatment method is characterized in that: comprises a mixer, a flocculation tank, a clarification tank, an oxidation tank, a biological filter, a pH adjusting tank, a reaction tank and a high-density filter tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines, and a sludge reflux device connected with the reaction tank is arranged at an outlet of the high-density filter tank.
3. The apparatus for a wastewater softening treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sludge reflux device comprises a sludge discharge pipeline and a sludge pump which are sequentially connected, and the outlet of the high-density filter tank is connected with the sludge pump through a sludge discharge pipeline a and then connected with the inlet of the reaction tank through a sludge discharge pipeline b.
4. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste water comprises a plurality of types of circulating water drainage, concentrated water of desalted water, reclaimed water, backwashing water of a biological filter and concentrated water of an ultrafiltration device.
5. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flocculating agent a is any one or a mixture of polyacrylamide and polymeric ferric sulfate.
6. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oxidant is one or more of ozone, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide.
7. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 28-36%.
8. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hardness-removing agent is one or more of quicklime, slaked lime, soda ash, caustic soda and magnesium agent.
9. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a flocculating agent b is also added into the high-density filter tank, and the flocculating agent b is a mixture of PAM and PAC or one of the PAM and the PAC.
10. A wastewater softening treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sludge reflux device returns the sludge to the hardness removal reaction tank, and the sludge reflux ratio is controlled to be 10-50%.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2070248A1 (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-03 | Franck Rogalla | Process and apparatus for the biological treatment of water effluents |
| CN102040308A (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for treating wastewater by combining catalytic oxidation with biological aerated filter |
| CN102815836A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-12-12 | 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 | Treating system and treating method for hardly degradable organic waste water |
| CN103288236A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-11 | 山东三维石化工程股份有限公司青岛分公司 | Treatment method for salt-containing wastewater |
| CN205999096U (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2017-03-08 | 华电水务工程有限公司 | A kind of small-sized steel efficiently removes hard clarifier |
| CN107814449A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-20 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of brine waste |
-
2019
- 2019-07-12 CN CN201910631345.XA patent/CN112209561A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2070248A1 (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-03 | Franck Rogalla | Process and apparatus for the biological treatment of water effluents |
| CN102040308A (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for treating wastewater by combining catalytic oxidation with biological aerated filter |
| CN102815836A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-12-12 | 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 | Treating system and treating method for hardly degradable organic waste water |
| CN103288236A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-11 | 山东三维石化工程股份有限公司青岛分公司 | Treatment method for salt-containing wastewater |
| CN205999096U (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2017-03-08 | 华电水务工程有限公司 | A kind of small-sized steel efficiently removes hard clarifier |
| CN107814449A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-20 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of brine waste |
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