CN1122084A - 把数据装入视频处理机的系统和方法 - Google Patents

把数据装入视频处理机的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN1122084A
CN1122084A CN94118686.5A CN94118686A CN1122084A CN 1122084 A CN1122084 A CN 1122084A CN 94118686 A CN94118686 A CN 94118686A CN 1122084 A CN1122084 A CN 1122084A
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buffer storage
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罗伯特·J·戈夫
唐纳德·B·多尔蒂
斯蒂芬·W·马歇尔
卡尔·W·戴维斯
约瑟夫·G·伊根
理查德·C·迈耶
杰弗里·B·桑普塞尔
斯科特·B·亨伯格
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Texas Instruments Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/14—Picture signal circuitry for video frequency region
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/42—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation
    • H04N19/436—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation using parallelised computational arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
    • H04N5/7458—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal the modulator being an array of deformable mirrors, e.g. digital micromirror device [DMD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/3147—Multi-projection systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/30—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
    • H04N5/7458—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal the modulator being an array of deformable mirrors, e.g. digital micromirror device [DMD]
    • H04N2005/7466—Control circuits therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0117—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
    • H04N7/0122—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal the input and the output signals having different aspect ratios

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Abstract

一种把数据装入视频处理机的系统(30)。该系统(30)包括信号分离器(32)，第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器(34)和(36)，以及多路转换器(38)。信号分离器(32)把视频数据场分成第一和第二部分(42)和(44)。第一和第二部分(42)和(44)被分别存入第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器(34)和(36)。多路转换器(38)把来自第一先进先出缓冲存储器(34)的一条线与来自第二先进先出缓冲存储器(36)的一条线加以组合，形成可供处理的单条线。

Description

把数据装入视频处理机的系统和方法
下列的专利和专利申请与本申请有关，并在本文中作为参考文件：
美国专利4,615,595号，名称为“FRAME ADDRESSED SPATIALLIGHT MODULATOR”；
美国专利5,079,544号，名称为“STANDARD INDEPENDENTDIGITIZED VIDEO SYSTEM”；
美国专利4,939,575号，名称为“FAULT-TOLERANT SERIALVIDEO PROCESSOR DEVICE”；
美国专利申请流水号07/678,761，Atty Docket号为TI-15721的“DMD ARCHITECTURE AND TIMING FOR USE IN A PULSE-WIDTHMODULATED DISPLAY SYSTEM”；
美国专利申请，Atty Docket号为TI-17855的“DIGITALTELEVISION SYSTEM”；以及
美国专利申请，Atty Docket号为TI-17859的“VIDEO DATAFORMATTER FOR A DIGITAL TELEVISION SYSTEM”。
本发明主要涉及电子器件的领域，特别是涉及一种用于把数据装入视频处理机的系统和方法。
视频信号可以由公知的器件进行处理。经过处理的视频信号可以用于各种不同的用途。一种公知的视频处理机是由TEXASINSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED生产的扫描线视频处理机。这种视频处理机每次对视频信号的一条线进行操作，并具有多个处理元件。可以同时处理的象素数量由处理元件的数量决定。
在典型的图象信号处理应用中，在视频信号的一条线中的象素数量小于视频处理机的处理元件数量。因此不能有效地利用视频处理机。
本发明公开了一种用于把数据装入视频处理机的系统，它能基本上消除或减少以往的系统中存在的缺陷和不足。
更具体地说，本发明提供了一种用于把数据装入视频处理机的系统，该系统包括多个缓冲存储器和一个多路转换器。各缓冲存储器可控制地存储用于一个视频场的水平带的视频线。多路转换器从缓冲存储器接收视频数据。该多路转换器把来自各个缓冲存储器的一个视频数据线组合成供视频处理机处理的单个视频数据线，从而允许对每个水平带的各视频线进行垂直处理。
本发明的一个技术优点是提供了一种具有高效且处理容易的用于把数据装入视频处理机的系统。
为了更完整地说明本发明及其优点，以下结合附图来加以说明，其中相同的标号代表相同的特征，其中：
图1表示按照本发明的教导构成的一个数字电视系统；
图2表示了由图1所示系统产生的四个垂直带；
图3表示了由图1所示系统形成的相邻通道间的象素重叠；
图4表示按照本发明的教导构成的一个数据装入电路；以及
图5表示由图4电路处理过的一个视频场中第一和第二部分组合而成的线。
图1表示按本发明的教导制成的总体上用10代表的一个数字电视系统。系统10包括一并联结构，其中可把输入的视频信号分配到并行处理的通道。例如，系统10可以完成下列适当的功能，使得标准的视频信号可以被用于提供高分辨率视频显示。反之，系统10也可以采样及显示高分辨率视频信号。
系统10可以接收复合或分量形式的视频信号。例如，系统10可接收模拟复合视频信号，采用分量形式的模拟视频信号，或是数字视频信号。系统10可以把一个复合视频信号转换成多个视频信号后用于处理。例如按照由国际电视标准委员会(此处称为NTSC)制订的格式的一个模拟复合视频信号可以被分解成由符号Y表示的亮度信号和由符号I和Q表示的两个色差信号。另外，系统10也可以按照下列表1把其他标准复合视频信号分解成适当的视频信号加以处理。
               表    1
输入视频信号格式    彩色空间域
NTSC     Y，I，Q
PAL和SECAM     Y，U，V
SMPTE 240M，SMPTE 260M     Y，Pr，Pb
需要指出的是，其他标准的视频信号格式包括：以下称为“PAL”的Phase Alternating Line；被称为“SECAM”的Sequential Colorwith Memory；以及称为“SMPTE”的Society of Motim PictureEngineers。
这些标准视频信号各自包括一被称为“luma”或“Y”的亮度信号和一个称为“chorma”或“C”的色度信号。而色度信号还可以如表1所示被进一步分割成适当的色差信号。为清楚起见，以下把各种标准视频信号规定为处于“色差彩色空间”或“Y-I-Q”彩色空间”中的视频信号。除表1中的标准视频信号之外，可以把一个视频信号源耦连到系统10，向其提供红色视频的信号“R”，绿色视频信号“G”和兰色视频信号“B”。这种视频信号源在下文中被规定为“R-G-B彩色空间”中的视频信号。
系统10制备一个视频信号，由接收电路12和线分割器14进行并行处理。接收电路12可以从外部信号源(未示出)接收例如NTSC格式的复合视频信号。反之，接收电路12也可以接收分离的Y和C视频信号。此外，接收电路12还可以接收R-G-B彩色空间中的分离的视频信号。
接收电路12包括耦连到模/数转换电路18的复合视频接口和分离电路16。复合视频接口和分离电路16可以把复合视频信号分离成例如三个分离的视频信号。模/数转换电路18可以把每个分离的视频信号转换成10比特的数字视频信号。接收电路12的模/数转换电路18被耦连到线分割器14，向其提供三个10比特数字视频信号。另外也可以把一个数字视频信号直接耦连到线分割器14。
线分割器14把复合视频信号的各条线的各个数字视频信号分成多个分离的通道。例如线分割器14可以把每个数字视频信号分成四，五或其他适当数量的通道。通道的数量可以取决于一条视频信号线中的象素数量，并且这一象素数量可以由系统10的视频信号处理机同时进行处理。线分割器14可以在各个用于处理的通道之间提供如下文所述的适当的重叠。
系统10在处理电路20中处理数字视频信号。处理电路20被耦连到线分割器14。处理电路20包括多个通道信号处理器22a至22d。通道信号处理器22的数量可以等于曲线分割器14所提供的通道数量。每个通道信号处理器22a至22d从对应着该信号处理器22a至22d的通道接收所有的三个10比特数字视频信号。处理电路20可以把数字视频信号的每条线转换成两条线的数字视频信号输出。因此，每个通道信号处理器22a至22d可以有六个独立的输出，例如有两个10比特红色输出，两个10比特绿色输出及两个10比特兰色输出。此外，处理电路20还可以执行以下功能：彩色空间转换，灰度校正，以及图像质量控制，这在下文中将会详述。
系统10重接并显示经处理后的视频数据。多个格式形成器24a至24c重接视频数据，并由多个显示器26a至26c显示该视频数据。如图1所示，每个格式形成器24a至24c和每个显示器26a至26c可以控制不同的数字视频信号。例如，格式形成器24a和显示器26a可以操作红色视频信号，格式形成器24b和显示器26b可以操作绿色视频信号，而格式形成器24c和显示器26c可以操作兰色视频信号。
各个通道信号处理器22a至22d的两个10比特输出被耦连到适当的格式形成器24a至24c。格式形成器24a至24c除去相邻通道间的重叠，重接通道，并且制成重接的数字视频信号，供显示器26a至26c显示。格式形成器24a至24c各自在四个32比特通道中为显示器26a至26c提供128比特字。显示器26a至26c可包括例如一个立体光调制器(简称为“SLM”)，例如可采用TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED生产的2×128引脚的数字微镜器件(称为“DMD”)。然而，显示器26a至26c不仅限于数字显示。本发明的技术范围也包括用模拟显示器显示处理后的视频信号。
定时和控制电路28被耦接到复合视频接口和分离电路16，模/数转换电路18，线分割器14处理电路20，格式形成器24a至24c，以及显示器26a至26c。定时和控制电路28可以控制系统10中各个部分的定时。系统10的定时可以采用由复合视频接口和分离电路16供给定时和控制电路28的异步(称为“sync”)信号来实现。此外，定时和控制电路28可以通过接收用户的输入来控制系统10中各种功能的定时。例如，定时和控制电路28可接收用户输入去选择连接到接收电路12的输入视频信号类型。另外，定时和控制电路28可以从处理电路20接收诸如定标因数，灰度校正系数，所需处理方式以及图像控制功能等等信息；这些内容都将在下文中详述。还有，定时和控制电路28可以接收用于模/数转换电路18的特定采样率。
在工作时，系统10可以用标准视频信号产生高分辨率显示。如前所述，系统10可接收复合或分离形式的模拟或数字视频信号。为简明起见，结合着接收模拟复合视频信号的情况来描述系统10的工作。系统10把复合视频信号分离成视频信号，把视频信号分配成多个通道，并且并行地处理这些通道。在系统10中采用并行通道时优点在于使系统10在提供高分辨率显示的同时，可以低速地处理视频信号。因此，系统10可以增设额外的视频处理机元件。
复合视频接口和分离电路16把复合视频信号分离成例如三个分离的视频信号。例如，复合视频接口和分离电路16可把复合视频信号分离成NTSC标准的Y，I和Q视频信号。
模/数转换电路18可以一定频率，例如71.1MHz对各个视频信号取样。适当的取样速率可由分配到显示器26a至26c上的一条视频线中像素的数量，以及由接收电路12接收一条视频信号线的时间来确定。因此，可以调节取样速率，从而为每条视频信号线产生预定数量的象素。模/数转换电路18可包括例如由ANALOG DEVICES生产的模/数转换板AD9060。反之，模/数转换电路18也可以采用能以75MHz量级的取样速率对数据取样的其他适用的模/数转换器件。
线分割器14将每条视频信号线的每个数字视频信号分成多个分离的通道。例如，线分割器14可把每条数字视频信号线分成四个通道，以便能并行处理视频信号。按同样方式分割每条数字视频信号线，每个通道信号处理器22a至22d有效地处理每个影象帧的一个垂直带。图2所示是由图1实施例中的通道信号处理器22a至22d处理的四个垂直带。反之，线分割器14也可按这个象素分割一条线，或是由线分割器14把影像帧分成水平带。把影像帧分成垂直带的优点在于可以使处理电路20所执行的相应处理步骤得到简化。
另外，线分割器14可以通过对相邻通道提供共用的象素来实现垂直通道之间的重叠，如图3所示。该重叠可包括例如一至五个象素。如下所述，根据处理电路20的需要，可以用重叠的象素为各个通道提供适当的数据。以便执行各种功能。通道间的重叠量可以根据处理电路20中执行的特定功能而改变。
系统10在处理电路20中处理数字视频信号。处理电路20可执行顺序扫描功能(称为“poscan”)。顺序扫描是按场频率由单个或多个视频场来产生影象帧，从而消除视频信号的隔行扫描。如前所述，标准视频信号的每帧中可以包括两个视频数据场。另外，处理电路20可把数字视频信号转换到不同的彩色空间。例如，处理电路20可以把数字视频信号从色差彩色空间转换到R-G-B彩色空间。此外，处理电路20可以从标准视频信号中除去灰度线。最后，处理电路20可响应用户的输入，例如用于调节亮度，色调，对比度，清晰度及饱和度等等的输入，以便控制图像显示的质量。这些功能将在下文中逐个描述。
系统10使用格式形成器24a至24c和显示器26a至26c重接及显示处理后的数字视频信号。格式形成器24a至24c除去相邻通道间的重叠。另外，格式形成器24a至24c向显示器26a至26c提供用于显示的重接的数字视频信号。例如，格式形成器24a至24c可从重接的数字视频信号中产生多个比特面。对于一特定影像帧中的每一象素来说每个比特面可对应一个特定的比特。在图1实施例中，格式形成器24a至24c对每个独立的视频信号可以产生10个视频信号的比特面。每个独立的视频信号是以128比特字的形式提供给显示器26a至26c的。按照格式形成器24a至24c的输出，显示器26a至26c可以把与处理后的视频信号相应的适当图像投影到例如一个屏幕上(未示出)。由显示器26a至26c输出的不同视频信号的组合而形成一个具有适当色彩的图像。
应该认识到，可以对系统10进行编程操作，使其接受任何适当标准的模拟或数字视频信号。反之也可对系统10预编程，使其仅接受有限的几种适当标准的模拟或数字视频信号。
通道信号处理器22a至22d可包括用于每个独立的视频信号输入的一或多个扫描线视频处理器(SVP)，它是由TEXAS INSTRUMENTSINCORPORATED生产的。TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED目前所生产的SVP可同时处理一条象素高达960的视频线。因此，处理一条少于960个象素的线不能有效地利用SVP的处理能力。图1实施例中每个通道可包含480个象素。为了更有效的使用SVP，可以把多条线加以组合，并在SVP中同时处理。
图4示出了总体由30表示的具有本发明结构的数据装入电路。图1中每个处理组件22a至22d可包括用于每个独立视频信号输入的一个数据装入电路30。为简单起见，以下仅针对一个独立视频信号输入的情况来描述数据装入电路30。显然，对有关数据装入电路30的说明可等效地适用于每个独立的视频信号输入。
数据装入电路30包括信号分离器32，独立的第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器34，36，以及多路转换器38。信号分离器32连接到图1中的线分割器14，用于接收独立的视频信号。信号分离器32被连接到第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器34和36。第一和第二先进先出存储器34和36被连接到多路转换器38。多路转换器38的输出被连接到具有至少一个SVP的处理组件40。
在工作时，一个视频场可被分成第一和第二部分42和44，在两部分之间具有预定的重叠。每个部分42和44可包括二分之一视频场。如图5所示，来自第一部分42的一条线可与来自第二部分44的一条线相结合。SVP可将组合的线作为一条线来处理。各部分之间的重叠可以使SVP执行如下所述的N-抽头垂直滤波器的功能。
视频场的第一和第二部分42和44可由信号分离器32及第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器34和36来进行分离和存储。信号分离器32可把视频场的第一部分42连接到第一先进先出缓冲存储器34，并把视频场的第二部分44连接到第二先进先出缓冲存储器36。
多路转换器38可把来自第一先进先出缓冲存储器34的一条视频信号线与来自第二先进先出缓冲存储器36的一条视频信号线加以组合。例如，多路转换器38可在输出第一先进先出缓冲存储器34的线0之后接着输出第二先进先出缓冲存储器36的线257。通过对来自第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器34和36的线进行连续的组合，多路转换器38可以向处理组件40提供一对适当的视频线。SVP可把这些线对作为一条线来处理。
图5示出的是数据装入电路30的输出。视频场的第一部分42在SVP的前半部分中处理，而其第二部分44则在SVP的后半部分中处理。为了构成N-抽头垂直滤波器，数据装入电路30可在第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器34和36中至少设置N-1条线的重叠。例如，若在第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器34和36中同时存入线257至260，就可以对一个包含518条线的视频场实现5-抽头垂直滤波。按这种方式，重叠的线将在SVP的前半部分和后半部分中同时处理。
对一条视频线的垂直处理需要利用位于被处理视频线上方的两条视频数据线及其下方的两条视频数据线。由数据装入电路30提供的重叠可以垂直地处理线257至260。线257和258在视频场第一部分42中用做被处理线上方和下方的两条线。类似地，线259和260在视频场第二部分44中用做被处理线上方和下方的两条线。
尽管对本发明已做出详细的描述，显然应理解为在不脱离从属权利要求书所限的本发明原理和范围的条件下还可实现多种改变、替换和更迭。例如，在本发明的技术范围内可由数据装入电路30在视频场的各部分之间提供各种重叠量。另外也可以类似方式把视频场分割成几部分，其数量也是可变的。

Claims (10)

1.一种把数据装入视频处理机的系统，包括：
多个缓冲存储器，各自可控制地存储视频场的一个水平带的视频线；以及
一个多路转换器响应上述缓冲存储器，并且可操作地把来自每个缓冲存储器的一条视频数据线组合成可供视频处理机处理的一条视频数据线，从而可对每个水平带的视频线进行垂直处理。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征是多个缓冲存储器由两个缓冲存储器构成。
3.按照权利要求1的系统，其特征是多个缓冲存储器包括第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器。
4.按照权利要求1的系统，进一步包括一个信号分离器，用于把视频场的水平带传送到上述缓冲存储器。
5.一种把数据装入视频处理机的系统，包括：
一个信号分离器，可控制地接收视频信号，并且可操作地产生各个视频场的水平带；
多个缓冲存储器，响应于上述信号分离器，各自可操作地存储用于视频场的一个水平带的视频线；以及
一多路转换器，响应于上述缓冲存储器，并且可操作地来自各个缓冲存储器的一条视频数据线组合成单个视频数据线，供视频处理机进行处理，从而可对每个水平带的视频线进行垂直处理。
6.按照权利要求5的系统，其特征是多个缓冲存储器包括第一和第二缓冲存储器。
7.按照权利要求5的系统，其特征是多个缓冲存储器包括第一和第二先进先出缓冲存储器。
8.一种把视频数据装入视频处理机的方法，包括以下步骤：
把视频场的多个水平带存入多个缓冲存储器中；
组合存储在每个缓冲存储器中的一条视频数据线，构成可供视频处理机处理的单个视频数据线；以及
把组合的视频数据线输送到视频处理机。
9.按照权利要求8的方法，其特征是在存储多个水平带的步骤中包括以下步骤，即存储一第一水平带，它大致上由视频场的上半部分构成，以及存储一第二水平带，它大致上由视频场的下半部分构成。
10.按照权利要求8的方法，其特征是存储多个水平带的步骤包括以下步骤，即使得存储的水平带与相邻的水平带重叠，以便进行垂直处理。
CN94118686.5A 1993-11-04 1994-10-27 把数据装入视频处理机的系统和方法 Pending CN1122084A (zh)

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