CN112208046A - Foaming processing method and system for elastic polymer by using supercritical fluid as foaming agent - Google Patents
Foaming processing method and system for elastic polymer by using supercritical fluid as foaming agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN112208046A CN112208046A CN201910628881.4A CN201910628881A CN112208046A CN 112208046 A CN112208046 A CN 112208046A CN 201910628881 A CN201910628881 A CN 201910628881A CN 112208046 A CN112208046 A CN 112208046A
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- mixture
- foaming
- supercritical fluid
- blowing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
- B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
Abstract
The invention discloses a foaming processing method and a system of elastic polymer using supercritical fluid as a foaming agent, wherein the supercritical fluid is used as a physical foaming agent, the supercritical fluid and high molecular raw material melt flow fluid which is heated and melted in a melting unit are mixed into a single-phase mixture, and then the mixture is respectively supplied to die chamber spaces of at least two different die stations at different time points with time difference, so that the mixture is respectively molded into elastic polymer foaming bodies after being foamed in different dies.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to polymer processing technology, and is especially foaming process and system of elastic polymer with supercritical fluid as foaming agent.
Background
In a known foam molding process using a supercritical fluid as a physical blowing agent, when a polymer raw material in an extrusion cylinder is melted by heat energy and passed to a screw mixing section, an external supercritical fluid is introduced into the extrusion cylinder to be mixed with the melted polymer raw material into a single-phase solution, and the single-phase solution is supplied to a corresponding mold chamber to perform a molding process.
The system applying the foaming forming technology is characterized in that a single extruding cylinder is used for supplying single-phase solution, the mold chamber space in a single mold station is used for receiving the single-phase solution, the relative position of the single extruding cylinder and the single mold station is fixed, on the basis, after the extruding cylinder finishes the raw material supply of the current procedure, the mold station is required to finish the molding and the finished product is taken out, the raw material supply of the next procedure can be started, and in the waiting process, the mixture of the raw material and the foaming agent in the extruding cylinder is easy to crack due to heat, and in order to maintain the single-phase state of the mixture, the pressure in the extruding cylinder is required to be continuously controlled, so that the early occurrence of nucleation is avoided, and the subsequent forming quality is not influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a foaming method of elastic polymer using supercritical fluid as foaming agent, which can mix the melt flow fluid of high molecular material and supercritical fluid into a single-phase mixture, and then can be made into the foaming body of elastic polymer in a short time, so as to avoid the excessive thermal cracking of the high molecular material due to the long retention time in the single-phase state.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a method for foaming an elastic polymer using a supercritical fluid as a foaming agent, which comprises mixing the supercritical fluid as a physical foaming agent with a polymer material melt fluid that has been melted by heating in a melting unit to form a single-phase mixture, feeding the mixture into mold chamber spaces of at least two different mold stations at different time points with a time difference therebetween, and molding the mixture into an elastic polymer foam after foaming in different molds.
By shortening the length of the interval time difference to be shorter than the molding time of the mixture foamed and molded in the mold, the idle time of the mixture can be shortened, so as to effectively improve the defects of the prior art.
At the same time, the amount of the mixture supplied to the different mold stations can be changed by programmed control in response to changes in the volume of the mold cavity spaces of the different mold stations, such as supplying a relatively large amount of single-phase mixture in the former mold station, supplying a relatively small amount of single-phase mixture in the latter mold station, or supplying the same amount of single-phase mixture to both the former and the latter mold stations, all of which can be adjusted and changed in response to changes in actual manufacturing conditions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for processing an elastic polymer by foaming using a supercritical fluid as a foaming agent, wherein the processing method is performed by a processing apparatus comprising a melting unit, a foaming agent supplying unit, at least two mold stations and an outputting unit.
The melting unit provides a closed processing space to provide heat energy for the solid polymer raw material in the processing space to melt the solid polymer raw material into a flowable polymer raw material melt flow fluid.
The foaming agent supply unit is connected with the melting unit, a supply channel which can be controlled to be opened and closed is formed between the processing space and a foaming agent supply source, and supercritical fluid serving as a physical foaming agent is controllably introduced into the processing space from the foaming agent supply source through the supply channel and is mixed with the polymer raw material melt flow fluid into a mixture.
Each of the mold stations has a mold.
The output unit outputs the mixture to the molds of the mold stations at different time points with a time difference, so that the mixture is foamed in different molds and then molded into elastic foamed polymer.
In addition to the mixing in the melting unit, the unit for mixing the polymer material melt flow fluid with the blowing agent may also receive the polymer material melt flow fluid from the melting unit in a separate mixing unit, and the blowing agent supply unit may introduce the supercritical fluid into the mixing unit to mix with the polymer material melt flow fluid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can make the high molecular material melt flow fluid and the supercritical fluid into a single-phase mixture, and then can be made into the foaming body of the elastic polymer in a short time, so as to avoid the high molecular material from staying in the single-phase state for a long time and being excessively thermally cracked.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
(10) (10 ') apparatus (20) (20 ') melting unit (21) (21 ') extruding cylinder (22), screw (23) processing space (24) hopper (30) (30 ') foaming agent supply unit (31) feed channel (32) control valve (40) (40 ') output unit (50) die station (501) first die station (502) second die station (60 ') mixing unit (61 ') body portion (62 ') mixing space (70 ') metering injection unit
Detailed Description
Referring to FIG. 1, a system for processing an elastic polymer by foaming with a supercritical fluid as a foaming agent according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises an apparatus (10) and a processing method, wherein the apparatus (10) comprises a melting unit (20), a foaming agent supplying unit (30), an outputting unit (40) and a plurality of mold stations (50).
As shown in fig. 2, the melting unit (20) has a straight tubular extrusion cylinder (21), a screw (22) is rotatably and coaxially inserted into the extrusion cylinder (21), and a processing space (23) is provided between the shaft peripheral side of the screw (22) and the inner tube surface of the extrusion cylinder (21).
As shown in FIG. 2, the blowing agent supply unit (30) is fixedly installed at the midsection of the tube body of the barrel (21) of the melting unit (20), and has a supply passage (31) for fluid flowing between the processing space (23) and an external blowing agent supply source, and a control valve (32) for controlling the opening and closing of the supply passage (31) to control the amount of fluid flowing from the supply passage (31) into the processing space (23).
As shown in fig. 2, the output unit (40) is disposed at one end of the tube shaft of the extruding cylinder (21) and communicates the inner space of the extruding cylinder (21) with the outside.
As shown in fig. 1, the mold stations (50) are arranged in a straight line in sequence and are located on the side of the output unit (40) away from the extrusion cylinder (21), but the arrangement is not limited to a straight line, and may be a known mold station arrangement technique such as arranging the melting unit as a center in a ring shape or arranging the melting unit on a circular disc, and each mold station (50) has a mold for performing a polymer molding process, and the number of the molds may be single, plural or plural depending on the article to be molded.
By means of the above-mentioned components, the device (10) is used in the present embodiment for implementing the machining method, the specific procedures of which can be as described below:
A. melting solid polymer raw material
As shown in FIG. 2, after the external polymer material with a specific composition enters the processing space (23) through the hopper (24), the solid polymer material is melted into a flowable molten state in the processing space (23) by the shearing force applied by the rotation of the screw (22) and the external heat energy introduced from the extruding cylinder.
B. Introduction of physical blowing agent
A fluid such as an inert gas or carbon dioxide in a supercritical state supplied from the supply source as a physical blowing agent is introduced into the processing space (23) in a required amount under the control of the control valve (32), and is mixed with the molten flow fluid of the molten high molecular material into a mixture under the continuous rotation of the screw (22).
C. Accumulating the mixture
The mixture in the previous step continuously flows to the downstream of the screw (22), accumulates in the inner space of the extruding cylinder (21) at the free end of the screw (22), and accumulates in the extruding cylinder (21) by the stop (the stop structure is not shown) of the output unit (40) to make the screw (22) move backwards.
D. Sub-station ejection
According to the amount required for molding the article in the mold chamber of the different mold of each mold station (50), a corresponding amount of the mixture is injected into the corresponding mold through the output unit (40), for example, after a first amount of the mixture is injected into the mold of the first mold station (501), the melting unit (20) is moved to the second mold station (502) and a second amount of the mixture is injected into the mold of the second mold station (502), wherein the first amount and the second amount can be the same or different, depending on the amount required for molding the mold.
By the method, after the previous mould is injected and displaced and aligned with the next mould, the injection operation of the next mould can be carried out, and the time difference length between the injection time points of two adjacent times is generally shorter than the forming time from the time when the mould receives the mixture to the time when the mould completes the molding, even if the injection amount of the two times is not the same or the forming time of different mould stations is different, so that the mixture accumulated in the extruding cylinder (21) can be injected in a short time for foaming molding, and the condition that the mixture is accumulated in the extruding cylinder for a long time to crack the raw material as in the prior art can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the foaming system for elastic polymer using supercritical fluid as foaming agent in the second preferred embodiment of the present invention has the same main technical features as those of the first preferred embodiment, especially the same technical features as those of the first preferred embodiment, except that there is a difference in the technology for forming the mixture in the apparatus.
Unlike the first preferred embodiment in which the supercritical fluid as the physical foaming agent is mixed in the extruder immediately after the polymer raw material melt fluid is formed, the second preferred embodiment provides an apparatus (10 ') further comprising a mixing unit (60') interposed between the melting unit (20 ') and the output unit (40'), and having the foaming agent supply unit (30 ') provided on the mixing unit (60').
The mixing unit (60 ') has a tubular body portion (61 ') coaxially fixed to one end of the tube shaft of the extrusion cylinder (21 '), and defines a mixing space (62 ') with the tube space of the body portion (61 '), so that the mixing space (62 ') communicates with the tube space of the extrusion cylinder (21 '), and the supply passage of the blowing agent supply unit (30 ') communicates with the mixing space (62 '), whereby, after the polymer material is melted by the melting unit (20 ') into a polymer material melt flow fluid, the polymer material is continuously extruded from the melting unit (20 ') into the mixing space (62 '), and then mixed with a supercritical fluid as a physical blowing agent in the mixing space (62 ') to form a mixture.
In order to mix the mixture uniformly, the mixture can be mixed in the mixing unit (60 ') by a mixing screw (63 ') to achieve an optimal mixing state, and then directly output by the output unit (40 ') in an extrusion manner, or further output by the output unit (40 ') after being metered by a metering injection unit (70 ').
Claims (15)
1. A process for the foaming of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent, comprising: the supercritical fluid is used as physical foaming agent, and after being mixed with the high molecular material melt flow fluid which is heated and melted in a melting unit, the mixture is respectively supplied to the die chamber spaces of at least two different die stations at different time points with time difference, and the mixture is respectively molded into elastic polymer foam after being foamed in different dies.
2. The process for the foaming of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the amounts of the single-phase solutions supplied to the different die stations, respectively, are the same as each other.
3. The process for the foaming of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 2, wherein: the time difference length of the interval is less than the forming time length of the mixture which is foamed in the mold of the mold station and subjected to molding.
4. The process for the foaming of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the amounts of the mixtures fed to the different mould stations respectively are different from each other.
5. The method for foaming an elastic polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 4, wherein: the time difference length of the interval is less than the shortest forming time length of the mixture which is foamed in the moulds of different mould stations and is subjected to moulding forming.
6. The method for foaming an elastic polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 4, wherein: the time difference between the intervals is less than the longest forming time of the mixture which is foamed in the moulds of different mould stations and subjected to moulding.
7. The process for the foaming of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the physical foaming agent and the polymer raw material melt flow fluid are mixed in the melting unit to form the mixture.
8. The process for the foaming of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the polymer material melt flow system flows out from the melting unit and then is mixed with the physical foaming agent in a mixing unit to form the mixture.
9. A system for foam processing of elastomeric polymers using supercritical fluids as blowing agents, comprising: comprises the following steps:
a melting unit, which provides a closed processing space and provides heat energy for the solid polymer raw material in the processing space to melt the solid polymer raw material into a flowable polymer raw material melt flow fluid;
a blowing agent supply unit which is connected with the melting unit, forms a supply channel which can be controlled to open and close between the processing space and a blowing agent supply source, and leads the supercritical fluid as the physical blowing agent into the processing space from the blowing agent supply source through the supply channel in a controlled manner so as to be mixed with the polymer raw material melt flow fluid into a mixture;
at least two mold stations each having a mold;
and the output unit is used for outputting the mixture to the molds of the mold stations at different time points at intervals with a time difference, so that the mixture is foamed in different molds and then is molded into elastic polymer foam respectively.
10. A system for foam processing of elastomeric polymers using supercritical fluid as a blowing agent, comprising: comprises the following steps:
a melting unit, which provides a closed processing space and provides heat energy for the solid polymer raw material in the processing space to melt the solid polymer raw material into a flowable polymer raw material melt flow fluid;
a mixing unit connected with the melting unit and having a mixing space communicated with the processing space;
a foaming agent supply unit which is connected with the mixing unit, forms a supply channel which can be controlled to be opened and closed between the mixing space and a foaming agent supply source, and leads the supercritical fluid as the physical foaming agent into the mixing space from the foaming agent supply source through the supply channel in a controlled way so as to be mixed with the polymer raw material melt flow fluid into a mixture;
at least two mold stations each having a mold;
and the output unit is used for outputting the mixture to the molds of the mold stations at different time points at intervals with a time difference length, so that the mixture is foamed in different molds and then is molded into elastic polymer foam respectively.
11. The system for the foaming processing of an elastomeric polymer with a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 9 or 10 wherein: the amounts of the mixture output by the output unit to the different die stations are the same as each other.
12. The system for processing elastomeric polymers by foaming with a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent as claimed in claim 11 wherein: the time difference length of the interval is less than the forming time length of the mixture which is foamed in the mould of the mould station and is molded
13. The system for the foaming processing of an elastomeric polymer with a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent according to claim 9 or 10 wherein: the amounts of the mixture output by the output unit to the different die stations are different from each other.
14. The system for processing elastomeric polymers by foaming with a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent of claim 13 wherein: the time difference between the intervals is less than the shortest forming time length of the mixture which is foamed in the moulds of different mould stations and is subjected to moulding.
15. A system for the foaming processing of an elastomeric polymer using a supercritical fluid as a blowing agent as claimed in claim 13 wherein: the time difference between the intervals is less than the longest forming time of the mixture which is foamed in the moulds of different mould stations and subjected to moulding.
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