CN112207507A - Seamless honeycomb state rim manufacturing method and seamless honeycomb state rim - Google Patents
Seamless honeycomb state rim manufacturing method and seamless honeycomb state rim Download PDFInfo
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- CN112207507A CN112207507A CN201910613125.4A CN201910613125A CN112207507A CN 112207507 A CN112207507 A CN 112207507A CN 201910613125 A CN201910613125 A CN 201910613125A CN 112207507 A CN112207507 A CN 112207507A
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B25/00—Rims built-up of several main parts ; Locking means for the rim parts
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a seamless honeycomb-state rim, which comprises the following steps: processing the cylindrical composite material by using a die and adopting an extrusion method to form a cylindrical section bar in a honeycomb state; turning and milling the honeycomb state from two ends of the cylindrical section bar to the middle to form a mounting part; flanging two ends of the cylindrical section bar to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards; spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove; carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section; and machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat, so as to obtain the seamless honeycomb-state rim. The manufacturing method of the seamless battery carrier wheel rim provided by the invention has the advantages that the size of the adaptive central disc is wide, the processing procedure is simple, the driving mileage of the electric vehicle is increased, the role of serving as an auxiliary power source can be used as a storage battery and a material battery, the interface of a battery pack monitoring system is convenient, the voltage of each battery is convenient to monitor so as to determine the charging and discharging state, the carrier is well connected, and the resistance of a connecting body is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technical method for manufacturing a rim, in particular to a method for manufacturing a seamless honeycomb-state rim and the seamless honeycomb-state rim.
Background
The rim is commonly called as a rim and is a part for installing a tire on the periphery of a wheel, and the rim structure is an important component of an automobile wheel and is a foundation for assembling and fixing the tire.
Current wheel rim processing technology is complicated, and its product strength is not high, and mostly is welded steel construction rim, comprises a plurality of spare parts to by the assembly of multichannel process, the installation is complicated, adopts the steel construction more, rim self weight is big, and the transportation is inconvenient, causes more difficulty when giving the use. Has the following defects: 1. the rim finished product and the wheel disc can be connected only in a welding mode; 2. the wheel rim and the wheel disc are welded, the temperature of the welding mode reaches 1000 ℃, so that the welding part is locally deformed, the problems of easy dynamic balance and end diameter jump of the product are caused to the later processing, and the wheel disc cannot be replaced; 3. complicated processes such as flaring, welding seam, spinning and the like are required in the manufacturing process; 4. the accuracy control degree of difficulty of spinning is high, causes the rejection rate to promote greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the wheel rim in the prior art, the invention discloses a manufacturing method of a seamless toothed rim, which comprises the following steps:
step A: processing the cylindrical composite material by using a die and adopting an extrusion method to form a cylindrical section with toothed ribs;
and B: turning and milling the toothed ribs from two ends to the middle of the cylindrical section;
and C: flanging two ends of the cylindrical section bar to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards;
step D: spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove;
step E: carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section;
and F, machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat to obtain the seamless toothed rim.
In the invention, the composite material is a 6 series aluminum alloy material.
In the present invention, the method further comprises a step G: and the toothed ribs are provided with through connecting holes.
In the invention, in the step A, the composite material is subjected to isothermal extrusion by using a extrusion pressure of more than or equal to ten thousand tons under the condition that the temperature of the composite material is more than or equal to 500 ℃. The composite material is heated in a gradient heating mode to ensure that the material is isothermal, and the gradient is increased by 50 ℃ per 333 mm.
In the invention, the extrusion is deformed in a three-dimensional compressive stress state.
In the invention, when the composite material is subjected to broadening extrusion, the expanding area of the shunting hole is 4 times of the area of the central rectangular hole, namely the area of the unilateral expanding hole is 2 times of the area of the middle rectangular hole.
In the invention, in the step A, the dentate ribs in the cylinder are distributed at equal intervals. In the step B, the toothed ribs are turned and milled, specifically, two ends of the toothed ribs are milled inwards, and a flanging processing space is reserved; in the step C, two sides of the cylindrical section are erected by mechanical pressure to form an outwards extending and inwards turning rim, and the outwards extending and inwards turning rim is formed by spinning; and D, in the step D, the depth of the machining connecting hole of the rim tire groove is more than 18mm, and the width of the machining connecting hole is more than 23 mm.
In the invention, in step E, the heat treatment processing parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 510 ℃ and 520 ℃; the aging temperature is 175-200 ℃; the heat treatment time is not less than 8 hours.
Based on the method, the invention also provides a seamless toothed rim, which comprises the following steps:
the wheel rim tyre groove is formed by inwards sinking the cylinder body;
the toothed ribs are arranged inside the cylinder body; mounting parts are arranged at two ends of the toothed rib;
the bead seats are arranged on two sides of the barrel body;
a rim disposed outside of the bead seat, the rim extending outward and being inverted toward the bead seat.
In order to overcome the defects of the wheel rim in the prior art, the invention discloses a method for manufacturing a seamless honeycomb-state rim, which comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a method for manufacturing a seamless honeycomb-state rim, which comprises the following steps:
step A: processing the cylindrical composite material by using a die and adopting an extrusion method to form a cylindrical section bar with a honeycomb state; according to the shape of different batteries, directly extruding and forming (the shape of the appearance is round hole, rectangular hole, etc.)
And B: turning and milling the honeycomb state from two ends of the cylindrical section bar to the middle to form a mounting part;
and C: flanging two ends of the cylindrical section bar to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards;
step D: spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove;
step E: carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section;
and F, machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat to obtain the seamless honeycomb-state rim.
In the invention, the composite material is a 6 series aluminum alloy material.
In the invention, in the step A, the composite material is subjected to isothermal extrusion by using a extrusion pressure of more than or equal to ten thousand tons under the condition that the temperature of the composite material is more than or equal to 500 ℃.
In the invention, the composite material is heated in a gradient heating mode to ensure that the material is isothermal, and the gradient is increased by 50 ℃ per 333 mm.
In the invention, the extrusion is deformed in a three-dimensional compressive stress state.
In the invention, when the composite material is subjected to broadening extrusion, the expansion area of the shunting holes is 4 times of the area of the central rectangular hole, namely the area of the single-side expansion hole is 2 times of the area of the middle rectangular hole.
In the present invention, in the step a, the honeycomb state in the cylinder is distributed at equal intervals.
In the step B, the turning and milling of the honeycomb state is specifically to mill both ends of the honeycomb state inward, and reserve a space for flanging.
In the invention, in the step C, two sides of the cylindrical section bar are erected by mechanical pressure to form an outward extending and inward turning wheel rim, and the outward extending and inward turning wheel rim is formed by spinning.
In the invention, in step E, the heat treatment processing parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 510 ℃ and 520 ℃; the aging temperature is 175-200 ℃; the heat treatment time is not less than 8 hours.
Based on the above method, the present invention also provides a seamless rim in a honeycomb state, the rim comprising:
the wheel rim tyre groove is formed by inwards sinking the cylinder body;
a honeycomb state disposed inside the barrel; the honeycomb state front end is provided with an installation part;
the bead seats are arranged on two sides of the barrel body;
a rim disposed outside of the bead seat, the rim extending outward and being turned inward toward the bead seat;
the protective ring is used for sealing the battery and the outside;
and the current slip ring is arranged at the center of the central disc mounting disc and the transmission shaft head.
The invention extends the output end after the rim battery pack is arranged and combined to the wheel spoke, namely the center of the central disk mounting disk and the transmission shaft head are connected with the high-power current slip ring, the battery is connected to the motor controller, the battery provides power for the controller, and the controller is connected with the sensor, namely the feedback signal of the motor outputs current to the motor. The pure electric vehicle with the motor running as required is composed of three parts: the motor, the battery, the electrical control system and the motor that needs corresponding voltage, the motor work has become mechanical rotation promptly. The battery can play the role of a main power source of the automobile driving system and also can play the role of an auxiliary power source. At low speed and start-up, the battery plays the role of the main power source of the vehicle drive system; during full-load acceleration, the device plays the role of an auxiliary power source; the energy storage function is realized during normal driving or deceleration and braking.
The slip ring adopts a slip ring principle that a rotating body is communicated and transmits energy and signals, and is distinguished according to a transmission medium, and the slip ring is divided into an electric slip ring, a fluid slip ring and an optical slip ring, and can also be commonly called as rotary communication or rotary communication. The slip ring is usually installed at the rotation center of the equipment and mainly consists of two parts, namely a rotating part and a static part. The rotating part is connected to the rotating structure of the device and moves in rotation therewith, called "rotor", and the stationary part is connected to the energy source of the stationary structure of the device, called "stator". The slip ring can be used for any electromechanical system which continuously transmits power and data signals in 360-degree rotation, and is often called as a conductive slip ring, a brush, an adapter, a collector ring, a current collector, a rotary joint, a collector ring, a reflux ring, a commutator and the like, and the principle of the slip ring is a precise transmission device which realizes the current, data signals or image and power transmission of two relative rotating mechanisms. Are often used for 360 ° unlimited continuous rotation, requiring the transmission of electrical signals from a fixed position to a rotated position.
The batteries are generally connected in series, but can be connected in series and in parallel according to different functions of the battery pack, specifically, according to the functions and functions, the parallel connection means that anodes of a plurality of batteries are connected with the anode, the cathodes of the batteries are connected with the cathode, the voltage is not changed, the capacity of the batteries of the electric vehicle is increased, the series connection means that the anode of one battery is connected with the cathode of the other battery, a plurality of batteries can be connected, the voltage is increased, the capacity is not changed, the capacity is increased in parallel connection, and the batteries are connected in series and pressurized. The storage batteries of the electric vehicle are generally only connected in series, errors exist in the voltage of each storage battery in practice, and the parallel connection with high voltage can charge the low voltage, so that the storage batteries are damaged, and the service life is influenced. The connection in series, regardless of the number of cells, is arranged in a row in order to increase the output voltage with a plurality of small cells. Are used in parallel. The aim is to increase the total output current (output voltage is constant) with a single small cell, equivalent to a large cell in the figure. The total output current of the battery is 4 times that of a single battery. Similarly, series and parallel combinations may be used to produce selected currents and voltages.
The battery heat dissipation of the invention is realized by conducting heat to the aluminum wheel rim for heat dissipation, and meanwhile, the rotation of the wheel rim is in contact with natural air for cooling.
The manufacturing method of the seamless battery carrier wheel rim provided by the invention enables the same cylindrical section to have the conditions for processing wheel hubs with different appearances, has wide adaptive center plate size and simple processing procedures, can be used as a battery carrier of cars, SUVs, large and small buses, heavy trucks and engineering vehicles, increases the driving mileage of electric vehicles (can be used as a charger and can also be directly used for continuation of the journey), can be used as a storage battery and a material battery, is convenient for a battery pack monitoring system interface, is convenient for monitoring the voltage of each battery so as to determine the charging and discharging state, and has good connection and stable connector resistance. Use the battery to reach the effect of cooling through the air current during vehicle driving and aluminium shell is the good explosion-proof protective layer of battery simultaneously, and the protection keeps apart the air outside, and the honeycomb state in the drum is equivalent to transversely forming netted many strengthening ribs that have increased in the rim after the battery repair forms the product, promotes wheel hub intensity simultaneously by a wide margin.
The invention provides a seamless forged toothed rim and a manufacturing method thereof, which are suitable for cars, SUVs, light trucks, heavy trucks and buses; the manufacturing method of the seamless forged toothed rim provided by the invention enables the same toothed cylindrical section to have the conditions for processing hubs with different appearances, has wide size of the adaptive center plate and simple processing procedures, and shortens the manufacturing time of the hubs. After the product is formed, the toothed ribs in the toothed cylinder are equivalent to transversely forming a net in the rim, so that a plurality of reinforcing ribs are added, and the strength of the hub is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an extruded cylindrical profile according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the milled cylindrical section bar of the present invention.
Fig. 3a and 3b are schematic structural diagrams of the SUV seamless toothed rim of the reverse bridge vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 4a and 4b are schematic structural diagrams of the SUV seamless toothed rim of the positive axle vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 5a and 5b are schematic structural diagrams of seamless toothed wheel rims of heavy truck buses.
Fig. 6a and 6b are schematic structural diagrams of the seamless toothed rim of the engineering heavy truck.
Fig. 7a and 7b are schematic structural views of the seamless toothed hub of the present invention.
FIG. 7c is a schematic view of the mounting portion of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a seamless toothed rim according to the present invention.
Fig. 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d are schematic structural diagrams of various extruded cylindrical profiles according to the present invention.
Fig. 10a and 10b are schematic structural diagrams of the cylindrical section bar after turning and milling.
Fig. 11a and 11b are schematic structural diagrams of the cylindrical section bar which is turned and milled and simultaneously obtains the plane of the fixed mounting plate (central plate).
Fig. 12a, 12b and 12c are schematic structural diagrams of seamless honeycomb-state rims of the SUV heavy truck and the engineering heavy truck of the bridge truck.
Fig. 13 is a partially enlarged schematic view of seamless honeycomb-state rims of the heavy truck SUV heavy truck and the heavy truck engineering heavy truck of the present invention.
Fig. 14a, 14b and 14c are schematic structural diagrams of the seamless wheel rim in a honeycomb state.
Fig. 15a and 15b are schematic structural views of the hub in the seamless honeycomb state according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a seamless cellular hub according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings. The procedures, conditions, experimental methods and the like for carrying out the present invention are general knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
In fig. 1-16, 1-cylinder; 11-a rim well; 2-dentate ribs; 21-a mounting portion; 3-a bead seat; 4-a rim; 6-cellular state; 61-battery aperture; 7-protective ring.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a seamless toothed rim, which comprises the following steps:
step A: processing the cylindrical composite material by using a die and adopting an extrusion method to form a cylindrical section with toothed ribs;
and B: turning and milling the toothed ribs from two ends to the middle of the cylindrical section;
and C: flanging two ends of the cylindrical section bar to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards;
step D: spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove;
step E: carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section;
and F, machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat to obtain the seamless toothed rim.
The seamless forged toothed rim and the manufacturing method thereof improve the utilization rate of aluminum alloy, reduce the cost of the aluminum alloy, shorten the processing time, improve the mechanical property, do not need high temperature, and reduce emission and pollution; the extrusion availability ratio is greatly improved, the single surface only needs to be machined by about 1.5-2mm, the mechanical property strength is high, the machining amount is very small, and the damage to the mechanical property of the surface due to large-area machining is overcome; the process overcomes the defects of the traditional process of casting and forging the rim, the weight is light, the large load is a great innovation in the process, simultaneously, the waste of a large amount of blanks for manufacturing the rim by the traditional process is overcome, the final processing amount is greatly reduced compared with the traditional casting and forging process, the cost of aluminum alloy is saved, the emission is reduced, and the product is more environment-friendly.
One diameter is 20 inches, width 10 inches casting and forging rim is about 40 kilograms at the initial weight of the material of no dentate rib under normal condition, and seamless dentate rim material initial weight is only 20 kilograms, and this kind of processing technology need not the naked light heat source and has realized thorough low carbon manufacturing, dentate rib rim can carry out disposable processing according to different loading data and assemble the car size simultaneously, just also be according to the height (dentate rib height) of different car size adjustment wheel lips, positive and negative rim can be selected in a product and used simultaneously, thoroughly save the preconfiguration, a large amount of aluminium alloys of practicing thrift.
The invention gives full play to physical properties such as fluidity of the aluminum alloy, and the molding material achieves the superiority of the best state so as to reduce the weight reference A of the product
The manufacturing of the aluminum alloy toothed rim of the heavy-load automobile comprises the steps of carrying out multiple experiments on an aluminum alloy extrusion process, carrying out multiple calculations and actual verification, controlling the extrusion ratio (section area: diameter of an aluminum alloy bar) during extrusion to obtain the required material density-mechanical property only under the condition that the aluminum alloy bar is refined and uniform, and concluding that the aluminum alloy bar is heated in a gradient manner and extruded in an isothermal manner only under the environment of 500 ℃ by adopting the extrusion pressure of ten thousand tons to obtain the required material-the mechanical property of the extruded section to obtain the mechanical property indexes required by the ultimate load and the toothed rim material, simultaneously converting the mechanical property indexes into the mechanical property indexes of the material and the ultimate size of the toothed rim, and carrying out specific technical selection by checking the extrusion ratio of an extruder according to the indexes to ensure that the mechanical property indexes of the toothed equally-distributed rim material are 20 percent higher than the forging mechanical property indexes of the same tonnage, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy section of the toothed rim is more than or equal to 260MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 160MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 20 percent and is harder than or equal to 100HBS, further the mechanical performance of the rim is improved, meanwhile, the extrusion is carried out under the state of strong three-way compressive stress, the metal outflow speed in a die hole is a function relation of the area and the speed, the area replaces the speed and is converted into the outflow area, the expansion area of the aluminum alloy during the broadening extrusion flow hole is generally about 4 times of the area of a central rectangle, namely the area of a single-side expansion hole is 2 times of the area of a middle rectangle, the metal generates broadening deformation, the flow characteristic of the metal is developed from a circular extrusion cylinder to the shape of a flat extrusion cylinder, the geometric similarity of the metal flow is increased, the uniform performance of the metal flow is increased, and the elongated polygonal deformation texture is prevented, namely, recrystallization is prevented from occurring in the later heat treatment process, and the non-uniformity of the material performance is overcome to the maximum extent. Greatly improves the one-time qualification rate of the product.
According to the invention, the material manufactured by the toothed rim is actually spun again (equivalent to secondary forging) by final pressure forming, so that the mechanical property of the material is greatly improved, and the product passes a heavy load test (bending test and radial rolling test) by using a toothed rim product with the wall thickness of 3 mm.
The material for making the aluminum alloy toothed rim of the heavy-duty automobile adopts a reverse extrusion method, and due to the extrusion characteristics and the extrusion effect, the extrusion availability is greatly improved, the single surface only needs to be machined by about 1.5-2mm, the mechanical property strength is high, the machining amount is very small, and the defect that the mechanical property of the surface is damaged by large-area machining is overcome.
The invention breaks through the traditional rim casting and forging process, the weight is light, the large load is a great innovation in the process, simultaneously, the waste of a large amount of blanks for manufacturing the rim by the traditional process is overcome, the final processing amount is greatly reduced compared with the traditional rim casting and forging process, the aluminum alloy cost is saved, the emission is reduced, and the product is more environment-friendly.
Based on the method, the invention also provides a seamless toothed rim, which comprises the following steps:
the wheel rim tyre groove is formed by inwards sinking the cylinder body;
the toothed ribs are arranged inside the cylinder body; mounting parts are arranged at two ends of the toothed rib;
the bead seats are arranged on two sides of the barrel body;
a rim disposed outside of the bead seat, the rim extending outward and being inverted toward the bead seat.
Examples
The manufacturing method of the seamless toothed rim in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step A: and (3) using a die which is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, and processing the 6 series aluminum alloy materials in the two layers of the die by adopting an extrusion method to form the cylindrical section with the toothed ribs. The toothed ribs in the cylindrical section are distributed at equal intervals.
Wherein the aluminum alloy is extruded isothermally at 500 ℃ using a ten thousand tonne extrusion pressure which is deformed under a three-way compressive stress. The deformation of the aluminum alloy material during the extrusion process generates heat, and in order to ensure the temperature of the outlet, the material is heated in a gradient heating mode to ensure the isothermicity of the material, wherein the gradient is increased by 50 ℃ every 333 mm. When the aluminum alloy is subjected to broadening extrusion, the expansion area of the shunting holes is 4 times of the area of the central rectangular hole, namely the area of the unilateral expansion hole is 2 times of the area of the middle rectangular hole
And B: turning and milling the toothed ribs, namely milling the two ends of the toothed ribs inwards and reserving space for flanging;
and C: erecting two sides of the cylindrical section bar by mechanical pressure to form an outward extending and inward turning rim, and forming an outward extending and inward turning rim by spinning;
step D: spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove; the depth of the connecting hole machined by the rim tyre groove is more than 18mm, and the width of the connecting hole machined by the rim tyre groove is more than 23 mm;
step E: carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section, wherein the parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 515 ℃; the aging temperature is 180 ℃; the heat treatment time was 8 hours.
And F, machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat on the cylinder body to obtain the seamless toothed rim.
The seamless toothed rim obtained by the method comprises the following steps:
the wheel rim tyre groove is formed by inwards sinking the cylinder body;
the toothed ribs are arranged inside the cylinder body;
the bead seats are arranged on two sides of the barrel body;
a rim disposed outside of the bead seat, the rim extending outward and being inverted toward the bead seat.
The embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the seamless toothed hub, wherein the hub can be formed by detachably connecting the toothed rib installation part with the central disc, and the method comprises the following steps:
step I: the toothed ribs of the rim manufactured by the manufacturing method of the embodiment are processed, the toothed ribs of the rim are parallel to the longitudinal width direction of the rim, the toothed ribs are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the rim and the middle disc in the vertical direction, and the height of the toothed ribs is processed according to the offset and the braking space required by the loading data of the hub to form a plane which is connected with the middle disc to form the hub with different styles by using the reverse direction and the forward direction.
In the seamless toothed rim in this embodiment, a ten-thousand-ton extrusion or forging is used to process an aluminum alloy to obtain a section with the best physical properties, i.e., a toothed cylindrical section; according to the requirements of different wheel rim sizes and loads of different vehicle types, precisely turning and milling the toothed ribs in the cylinder from two ends to the middle of the toothed cylinder; flanging two ends of the toothed cylinder to form an outwardly extending and inwardly turned rim; integrally spinning the outer side of the toothed cylinder to form a rim tyre groove; carrying out heat treatment processing on the toothed cylinder; and (2) precisely machining the toothed cylinder to form a bead seat on the cylinder, so as to obtain a positioning and mounting plane of the toothed rib on the inner side of the toothed cylinder of the toothed seamless rim as a central disc, and mounting the central disc on the toothed rib to form the hub. The wheel rims with different depths of the installation plane of the central disc are formed by processing the lengths of the toothed ribs on the inner side of the toothed cylinder, and the wheel hubs with different offset sizes can be assembled by matching the central disc, so that different brake space requirements of different vehicles are met, the same wheel hub can be configured in various vehicle types, the single assembly problem of a normal wheel hub is solved, and the material waste is reduced.
The present example improves the materials: the material is more suitable for the comparison of data of hub products through self research and development; the improvement of the molding is that the product with the same diameter can be used for cutting different widths in the molded shape material of products with various widths through one-step molding; the height of the teeth of the inner rim is adjusted to be used as a product with one size to adapt to different loading size data; the automobile wheel rim has wide application, such as the SUV pickup heavy-duty truck and the automobile wheel rim for heavy engineering.
Mechanical properties of the rim material of the present example were compared:
the invention provides a method for manufacturing a seamless honeycomb-state rim, which comprises the following steps:
processing the cylindrical composite material by using a die and adopting an extrusion method, and 1. forming a seamless cylindrical section bar in a honeycomb state; 2. turning and milling the honeycomb-state ribs from two ends to the middle of the honeycomb-state cylindrical section bar to form a mounting part; 3, flanging the two ends of the cylindrical section bar to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards; 4, spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove; carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section; and (5) machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat, and obtaining a battery carrier rim.
The seamless honeycomb-state rim and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention improve the utilization rate of aluminum alloy, reduce the cost of the aluminum alloy, shorten the processing time, improve the mechanical property, do not need high temperature, and reduce the emission and pollution; the extrusion availability ratio is greatly improved, the single surface only needs to be machined by about 1.5-2mm, the mechanical property strength is high, the machining amount is very small, and the damage to the mechanical property of the surface due to large-area machining is overcome; the process overcomes the defects of the traditional process of casting and forging the rim, the weight is light, the large load is a great innovation in the process, simultaneously, the waste of a large amount of blanks for manufacturing the rim by the traditional process is overcome, the final processing amount is greatly reduced compared with the traditional casting and forging process, the cost of aluminum alloy is saved, the emission is reduced, and the product is more environment-friendly.
One diameter is 20 inches, width 10 inches casting and forging rim is about 40 kilograms at the initial weight of the material of no dentate rib under normal condition, and seamless honeycomb state rim material initial weight is only 20 kilograms, and this kind of processing technology need not the naked light heat source and has realized thorough low carbon manufacturing, dentate rib rim can carry out disposable processing fit car size according to different loading data simultaneously, just also be according to the height (dentate rib height) of different loading size adjustment wheel lips, positive and negative rim can be selected in a product and is used simultaneously, thoroughly save the preconfiguration, a large amount of aluminium alloys of practicing thrift.
The invention gives full play to the physical properties of aluminum alloy such as fluidity, and the molding material achieves the superiority of the best state so as to reduce the weight reference A of the product.
The manufacturing of the aluminum alloy toothed rim of the heavy-load automobile comprises the steps of carrying out multiple experiments on an aluminum alloy extrusion process, carrying out multiple calculations and actual verification, controlling the extrusion ratio (section area: diameter of an aluminum alloy bar) during extrusion to obtain the required material density-mechanical property only under the condition that the aluminum alloy bar is refined and uniform, and concluding that the aluminum alloy bar is heated in a gradient manner and extruded in an isothermal manner only under the environment of 500 ℃ by adopting the extrusion pressure of ten thousand tons to obtain the required material-the mechanical property of the extruded section to obtain the mechanical property indexes required by the ultimate load and the toothed rim material, simultaneously converting the mechanical property indexes into the mechanical property indexes of the material and the ultimate size of the toothed rim, and carrying out specific technical selection by checking the extrusion ratio of an extruder according to the indexes to ensure that the mechanical property indexes of the toothed equally-distributed rim material are 20 percent higher than the forging mechanical property indexes of the same tonnage, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy section of the toothed rim is more than or equal to 260MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 160MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 20 percent and is harder than or equal to 100HBS, further the mechanical performance of the rim is improved, meanwhile, the extrusion is carried out under the state of strong three-way compressive stress, the metal outflow speed in a die hole is a function relation of the area and the speed, the area replaces the speed and is converted into the outflow area, the expansion area of the flow hole during the aluminum alloy broadening extrusion is generally about 4 times of the area of a central rectangle, namely the area of a single-side expansion hole is 2 times of the area of a middle rectangle, the metal generates broadening deformation, the flow characteristic of the metal is developed from a circular extrusion cylinder to the shape of a flat extrusion cylinder, the geometric similarity of the metal flow is increased, the uniform performance of the metal flow is increased, and the elongated polygonal deformation texture is prevented from, namely, recrystallization is prevented from occurring in the later heat treatment process, and the non-uniformity of the material performance is overcome to the maximum extent. Greatly improving the one-time qualification rate of the product.
According to the invention, the final pressing forming is carried out, and the mechanical property of the material manufactured by the rim is greatly improved by spinning (equivalent to secondary forging) again, so that the product passes a heavy load test (bending test and radial rolling test) by using a rim product with the wall thickness of 3 mm.
The material for the aluminum alloy rim of the heavy-duty automobile adopts a reverse extrusion method, due to the extrusion characteristic and the extrusion effect, the extrusion availability is greatly improved, the single surface only needs to be machined by about 1.5-2mm, the mechanical property strength is high, the machining amount is very small, and the defect that the mechanical property of the surface is damaged by large-area machining is overcome.
The invention breaks through the traditional rim casting and forging process, the weight is light, the large load is a great innovation in the process, simultaneously, the waste of a large amount of blanks for manufacturing the rim by the traditional process is overcome, the final processing amount is greatly reduced compared with the traditional rim casting and forging process, the aluminum alloy cost is saved, the emission is reduced, and the product is more environment-friendly.
Based on the method, the invention also provides a seamless honeycomb-state rim, which comprises the following steps:
the tyre bead comprises a cylinder body 1, wherein the cylinder body 1 is inwards sunken to form a rim tyre bead 11;
a honeycomb state 2, wherein the honeycomb state 2 is arranged inside the cylinder 1; mounting parts 21 are arranged at two ends of the honeycomb state 2;
the bead seats 3 are arranged on two sides of the barrel 1;
a rim 4, the rim 4 being disposed outside the bead seat 3, the rim 4 extending outward and being turned inward toward the bead seat 3;
the protective ring 5 is used for sealing the battery and the outside;
and the current slip ring is arranged at the center of the central disc mounting disc and the transmission shaft head.
The current slip ring is selected at the initial stage: the Mobilong (MOFLON) product conductive slip ring is suitable for high-power transmission through a large-current slip ring, the maximum current can support 7500A, and the contact resistance is low when the MOFLON product rotates by 360 degrees. The high-current slip ring shell is designed by adopting aluminum alloy or flame-retardant engineering plastic, the heat dissipation is fast, a large number of cooling holes are formed, and each slip ring needs to be subjected to high-current impact and temperature rise tests.
Examples
The manufacturing method of the seamless honeycomb-state rim in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step A: and (3) using a die which is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, and processing the 6 series aluminum alloy materials in the two layers of the die by adopting an extrusion method to form the honeycomb-state cylindrical section. The honeycomb holes (battery holes) in the cylindrical section bar are distributed at equal intervals.
Wherein the aluminum alloy is extruded isothermally at 500 ℃ using a ten thousand tonne extrusion pressure which is deformed under a three-way compressive stress. The deformation of the aluminum alloy material during the extrusion process generates heat, and in order to ensure the temperature of the outlet, the material is heated in a gradient heating mode to ensure the isothermicity of the material, wherein the gradient is increased by 50 ℃ every 333 mm. When the aluminum alloy is subjected to broadening extrusion, the expansion area of the shunting holes is 4 times of the area of the central rectangular hole, namely the area of the unilateral expansion hole is 2 times of the area of the middle rectangular hole.
And B: turning and milling the honeycomb state, namely milling the two ends inwards and reserving a flanging processing space;
and C: erecting two sides of the cylindrical section bar by mechanical pressure to form an outward extending and inward turning rim, and forming an outward extending and inward turning rim by spinning;
step D: spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove;
step E: carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section, wherein the parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 515 ℃; the aging temperature is 180 ℃; the heat treatment time was 8 hours.
And F, machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat on the cylinder body, so as to obtain the seamless honeycomb-state rim.
The battery hole extrusion molding of the invention can also be formed by mechanical processing, the depth is more than 18mm, and the width is more than 23 mm.
The seamless wheel rim in the honeycomb state obtained by the method comprises the following steps:
the wheel rim tyre groove is formed by inwards sinking the cylinder body;
a honeycomb state disposed inside the barrel;
the bead seats are arranged on two sides of the barrel body;
a rim disposed outside of the bead seat, the rim extending outward and being inverted toward the bead seat.
The protective ring is used for sealing the battery and the outside;
and the current slip ring is arranged at the center of the central disc mounting disc and the transmission shaft head.
In the seamless wheel rim in the honeycomb state in the embodiment, a section bar with the best physical property is obtained by processing aluminum alloy through ten-thousand-ton-level extrusion or forging, and the honeycomb state in the cylinder body is precisely turned and milled from two ends of the cylinder to the middle according to the requirements of different wheel rim sizes and loads of different vehicle types; flanging the two ends of the cylinder to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards; integrally spinning the outer side of the cylinder to form a rim tyre groove; carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylinder; and performing precision mechanical processing on the cylinder, forming a bead seat on the cylinder, and mounting a central disc on a positioning mounting plane with a mounting part on the inner side of the seamless rim cylinder as the central disc to form the hub. The rims with different depths of the mounting planes of the central disc are formed by processing the lengths of the ribs on the inner side of the cylinder, and the rims are matched with the central disc and can be assembled to form hubs with different offset sizes, so that different brake space requirements of different vehicles are met, the same hub can be configured in various vehicle types, the single assembly problem of a normal hub is solved, and the material waste is reduced.
The present example improves the materials: the material is more suitable for the comparison of data of hub products through self research and development; the improvement of the molding is that the product with the same diameter can be used for cutting different widths in the molded shape material of products with various widths through one-step molding; the height of the teeth of the inner rim is adjusted to be used as a product with one size to adapt to different loading size data; the automobile wheel rim has wide application, such as the SUV pickup heavy-duty truck and the automobile wheel rim for heavy engineering.
Mechanical properties of the rim material of the present example were compared:
the protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations and advantages that may occur to those skilled in the art may be incorporated into the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept and the scope of the appended claims is intended to be protected.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a seamless wheel rim in a honeycomb state is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: processing the cylindrical composite material by using a die and adopting an extrusion method to form a cylindrical section bar in a honeycomb state;
and B: turning and milling the honeycomb state from two ends of the cylindrical section bar to the middle to form a mounting part;
and C: flanging two ends of the cylindrical section bar to form a flange which extends outwards and is turned inwards;
step D: spinning the outer side of the cylindrical section bar to form a rim tyre groove;
step E: carrying out heat treatment processing on the cylindrical section;
and F, machining the cylindrical section to form a bead seat to obtain the seamless honeycomb-state rim.
2. The method of manufacturing a seamless, cellular-state rim according to claim 1, wherein the composite material is a 6-series aluminum alloy material.
3. The method of making a seamless cellular rim according to claim 1, further comprising the step G: the honeycomb state is a plurality of penetrating battery holes; in the step A, the battery holes are distributed at equal intervals; the battery hole is a circular hole or a rectangular hole.
4. The method of manufacturing a seamless rim in a honeycomb state according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the composite material is isothermally extruded at a temperature of 500 ℃ or higher using a degree of extrusion of ten thousand tons or higher.
5. The method of making a seamless, cellular rim according to claim 4, wherein the composite material is heated in a gradient heating manner to ensure that the material is isothermal, the gradient being a 50 ℃ rise per 333 mm.
6. The method of making a seamless cellular rim as claimed in claim 1, wherein said extruding is under three-dimensional compressive stress.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite material is subjected to a spreading extrusion process in which the spreading area of the shunting holes is 4 times the area of the central rectangular hole, i.e. the area of the single-side spreading holes is 2 times the area of the central rectangular hole.
8. The method for manufacturing a seamless rim in a honeycomb state according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the turning and milling of the honeycomb state is to mill both ends of the honeycomb state inward, and a space for flanging is reserved; and in the step C, two sides of the cylindrical section bar are erected by mechanical pressure to form an outwards extending and inwards turning rim, and the outwards extending and inwards turning rim is formed by spinning.
9. The method for manufacturing a seamless wheel rim in a honeycomb state according to claim 1, wherein in the step E, the heat treatment processing parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 510 ℃ and 520 ℃; the aging temperature is 175-200 ℃; the heat treatment time is not less than 8 hours.
10. A seamless cellular-state rim, characterized by being manufactured by the method for manufacturing a seamless cellular-state rim according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the rim comprising:
the tyre comprises a cylinder body (1), wherein the cylinder body (1) is inwards sunken to form a rim tyre groove (11);
a honeycomb state (6), the honeycomb state (6) being disposed inside the barrel (1); the front end of the honeycomb state (6) is provided with an installation part (21);
the bead seats (3) are arranged on two sides of the barrel body (1);
a rim (4), the rim (4) being disposed outside the bead seat (3), the rim (4) extending outwardly and being turned inwardly towards the bead seat (3);
the protective ring (7) is used for sealing the battery and the outside;
and the current slip ring is arranged at the center of the central disc mounting disc and the transmission shaft head.
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Application publication date: 20210112 |