CN112207215A - Forming method of multi-step large special-shaped ring piece - Google Patents
Forming method of multi-step large special-shaped ring piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN112207215A CN112207215A CN201910613319.4A CN201910613319A CN112207215A CN 112207215 A CN112207215 A CN 112207215A CN 201910613319 A CN201910613319 A CN 201910613319A CN 112207215 A CN112207215 A CN 112207215A
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- shaped ring
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
- B21D31/04—Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D1/00 - B21D28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/16—Making other particular articles rings, e.g. barrel hoops
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forming a multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing an intermediate ring blank by using drawing software for assistance, putting the intermediate ring blank into a ring rolling mill for rolling, lifting the working table surface where the intermediate ring blank is positioned by 5-10 mm during rolling, enabling a main roller to be in contact with the lower end of the intermediate ring blank firstly, ensuring that a metal material starts to fill a die cavity from bottom to top, gradually completing the forming of each step, and then expanding the rolled multi-step large special-shaped ring piece. The method can realize the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and can effectively avoid the phenomenon of rib deviation or rib string when the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is formed, thereby improving the performance of the forging piece. The method is suitable for the forging of the aeroengine case.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for forming a ring piece, in particular to a method for forming a multi-step large special-shaped ring piece.
Background
The special-shaped ring forging is designed according to the outline of the part, so that the material utilization rate can be effectively improved, and ideal performance and a streamline matched with the outline of the part can be obtained. However, in practice, the shape of a part is often strange, the part is difficult to design completely according to the outline of the part, and only a special-shaped ring forging which is similar to the section of the part and is simpler can be designed. Currently, roll-formed profiled ring elements are mostly simple profiled ring elements, e.g. profiled rings with only one, two or three steps. For a large special-shaped ring piece with a plurality of steps (more than three), the section change is complex, the design requirements on blanks and dies are very high, and few manufacturers at home and abroad can directly roll and form the ring piece.
The Chinese patent specification CN 102873511A published in 2013, 01, 16 discloses a method for rolling and forming a ring with a complex cross section and three steps, which comprises the steps of sawing a cylindrical bar into material sections with proper sizes, uniformly heating the material sections from room temperature to austenite temperature, preserving heat, rolling, upsetting and forging into a pre-forging piece with concave holes at two ends, punching and punching a connecting skin in the middle of the pre-forging piece to obtain a ring blank for rolling, returning the blank to a furnace for heating, taking out the blank after the temperature reaches a target temperature and preserving heat, rolling and forming in a closed hole type of a radial ring rolling mill, rolling and deforming through multiple turns to form an annular forging with a complex cross section and three steps with specified shape and size, normalizing and tempering for heat treatment to ensure mechanical properties, and finally cutting and processing the forging piece into a finished ring. In the rolling process of the three-step ring formed by the method, the contact with the die is plane contact, so that the forming is simpler. When the method is used for forming the complex multi-step special-shaped ring piece, the forming effect is seriously influenced because the blank or the die is unreasonable in design or the blank and the die are unreasonable in matching in the rolling process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for forming a multi-step large special-shaped ring piece.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the forming method of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece comprises the following steps:
according to the structural characteristics of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, the cross section of the forged piece is cut layer by layer at equal intervals in the height direction by means of drawing software, the data of the cross section area of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is obtained and is made into a curve, and the change relation between the cross section area and the height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is obtained; according to the variation trend of the cross-sectional area and the height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece and the isometric principle, drawing points on drawing software to draw a variation relation curve of the cross-sectional area and the height of the middle ring blank, so that the shape and the size of the middle ring blank can be obtained;
taking an alloy bar with a certain specification, heating to a forging temperature, and then upsetting, punching and pre-rolling to form a rectangular ring blank; obtaining an intermediate ring blank through tire membrane forming according to the shape and the size of the intermediate ring blank;
sleeving the intermediate ring blank into a core roller of a ring rolling mill, lifting the working table surface where the intermediate ring blank is positioned by 5-10 mm until the intermediate ring blank is completely bitten, and releasing the intermediate ring blank to enable the intermediate ring blank to be in an inclined state; driving the main roller to be close to the intermediate ring blank, so that the main roller is firstly contacted with the lower end of the intermediate ring blank; starting the ring rolling mill to roll, wherein the metal material starts to fill the die cavity and gradually completes the forming of each step from bottom to top, and in the process, the intermediate ring blank is restored to a normal state from an inclined state to obtain a special-shaped ring rolled piece;
and (3) loading the special-shaped rolled ring piece into a bulging machine, bulging the special-shaped rolled ring piece by taking the inner diameter of the lower end of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece as the reference according to the target bulging size, and keeping for 20-30 s after the target bulging size is reached to obtain the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece.
The profile of the main roller is manufactured according to the outer diameter profile of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and the height H of the main roller1=HForging process×(1+Φ)+ρ1In the formula, HForging processThe height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part is phi which is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, rho1The height compensation amount of the main roller; rho1Are evenly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the main roller.
The core roller is provided with a molded surfaceThe inner diameter profile of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is manufactured, and the height H of the core roller2=HForging process×(1+Φ)+ρ2In the formula, HForging processThe height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part is phi which is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, rho2The height compensation amount of the core roller; rho2Are evenly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the core roller.
The outer diameter R' of the special-shaped ring rolled piece is R-epsilon, wherein R is the outer diameter of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and epsilon is the subsequent bulging deformation; and the inner diameter r' of the special-shaped ring rolled piece is r-epsilon, wherein r is the outer diameter of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and epsilon is the subsequent bulging deformation.
Target dimension r of the bulge2=r1X (1+ phi) + delta, wherein r1The inner diameter of the lower end of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is phi, the thermal shrinkage rate of the material is phi, and delta is the springback compensation quantity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the forming method of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, the middle ring blank is designed by adopting drawing software in an auxiliary mode, so that the sectional area of the middle ring blank is basically consistent with that of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and the difficulty that the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is difficult to form due to more abrupt change regions of the sections of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is overcome.
In the rolling process, the working table surface where the middle ring blank is positioned is lifted by 5-10 mm, so that the main roller is firstly contacted with the lower end of the middle blank, each step of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is ensured to be smoothly filled from bottom to top, and the phenomena of rib deviation, rib string and the like cannot occur. Rho is added to the main roller and the core roller respectively1、ρ2The compensation amount of the special-shaped ring rolling mill can prevent the phenomenon of roller climbing during rolling of the special-shaped ring, and the rib deviation or rib string is caused. The inner and outer diameter sizes of the special-shaped rolled ring piece obtained by rolling are smaller than those of a multi-step large special-shaped ring piece by epsilon, and a margin is reserved for subsequent bulging.
In the bulging process, the springback compensation quantity of delta is reserved, and the size of the finally formed multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is ensured.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-step large special-shaped ring piece.
FIG. 2 is a curve of the change of the sectional area-height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece and the middle ring blank.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first membrane forging.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second membrane forging.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a roll-forming process.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a profiled ring stock configuration.
Detailed Description
The forming method of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part needs to provide equipment such as a forging heating furnace, a press machine, a ring rolling machine, an expanding machine, a manipulator and the like. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
step 1: preparation of intermediate Ring blank
As shown in fig. 1, according to the structural characteristics of the multi-step large special-shaped ring member 1, the cross section of the forged piece is cut layer by layer at equal intervals in the height direction by means of drawing software, the data of the cross section area of the multi-step large special-shaped ring member 1 is obtained, and a curve 2 is prepared, as shown in fig. 2, so that the change relationship between the cross section area and the height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring member 1 is obtained; and drawing a curve 3 of the change relation between the section area and the height of the middle ring blank 5 by drawing points on drawing software according to the change trend of the section area and the height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece 1 and the equal volume principle, thereby obtaining the appearance and the size of the middle ring blank 5.
Taking an alloy bar with a certain specification, heating to a forging temperature, and then upsetting, punching and pre-rolling to form a rectangular ring blank 4; placing the rectangular ring blank 4 into a tire membrane 7, and taking a small punch 8 to extrude the rectangular ring blank 4 for the first time as shown in figure 3; and taking out the punch 8, putting a cushion block 10 at the bottom of the tire membrane 7, and replacing the large punch 9 to perform secondary extrusion to obtain the intermediate ring blank 5 as shown in figure 4.
Step 2: roll forming
The intermediate ring blank 5 is sleeved into a core roller 12 of a ring rolling millThe profile of 12 is manufactured according to the inner diameter profile of the multi-step large special-shaped ring member 1, and the height H of the core roller 122=HForging process×(1+Φ)+ρ2(in the formula, H)Forging processThe height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part is phi which is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, rho2A height compensation amount for the core roller); rho2Are uniformly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the core roller 12; lifting the working table surface on which the intermediate ring blank 5 is positioned by 5-10 mm until the intermediate ring blank 5 is completely bitten and then releasing the intermediate ring blank so that the intermediate ring blank 5 is in an inclined state; driving a main roller 11 to be close to the intermediate ring blank 5, so that the main roller 11 is firstly contacted with the lower end of the intermediate ring blank 5; the profile of the main roller 11 is manufactured according to the outer diameter profile of the multi-step large special-shaped ring member 1, and the height H of the main roller 111=HForging process×(1+Φ)+ρ1(in the formula, H)Forging processThe height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part is phi which is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, rho1The height compensation amount for the main roll); rho1Are uniformly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the main roller 11. Starting the ring rolling mill to roll, wherein a metal material starts to fill a die cavity, and the forming of each step is gradually completed from bottom to top, in the process, the intermediate ring blank 5 is restored to a normal state from an inclined state to obtain a special-shaped ring rolled piece 6, the outer diameter R 'of the special-shaped ring rolled piece 6 is R-epsilon, (wherein R is the outer diameter of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and epsilon is the subsequent bulging deformation amount), the inner diameter R' of the special-shaped ring rolled piece is R-epsilon, (wherein R is the outer diameter of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and epsilon is the subsequent bulging deformation amount).
And step 3: bulging forming
And (3) loading the special-shaped rolled ring piece 6 into a bulging machine, bulging the special-shaped rolled ring piece 6 by taking the inner diameter of the lower end of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece 1 as a reference according to the target bulging size, and keeping for 20-30 s after the target bulging size is reached to obtain the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece 1. Target dimension r of the bulge2=r1X (1+ phi) + delta, (wherein r is1The inner diameter of the lower end of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part, phi is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, and delta is the springback compensation quantity).
Claims (5)
1. A forming method of a multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the structural characteristics of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, the cross section of the forged piece is cut layer by layer at equal intervals in the height direction by means of drawing software, the data of the cross section area of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is obtained and is made into a curve, and the change relation between the cross section area and the height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is obtained; according to the variation trend of the cross-sectional area and the height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece and the isometric principle, drawing points on drawing software to draw a variation relation curve of the cross-sectional area and the height of the middle ring blank, so that the shape and the size of the middle ring blank can be obtained;
taking a bar with a certain specification, heating to a forging temperature, and then upsetting, punching and pre-rolling the bar into a rectangular ring blank; obtaining an intermediate ring blank through tire membrane forming according to the shape and the size of the intermediate ring blank;
sleeving the intermediate ring blank into a core roller of a ring rolling mill, lifting the working table surface where the intermediate ring blank is positioned by 5-10 mm until the intermediate ring blank is completely bitten, and releasing the intermediate ring blank to enable the intermediate ring blank to be in an inclined state; driving the main roller to be close to the intermediate ring blank, so that the main roller is firstly contacted with the lower end of the intermediate ring blank; starting the ring rolling mill to roll, wherein the metal material starts to fill the die cavity and gradually completes the forming of each step from bottom to top, and in the process, the intermediate ring blank is restored to a normal state from an inclined state to obtain a special-shaped ring rolled piece;
and (3) loading the special-shaped rolled ring piece into a bulging machine, bulging the special-shaped rolled ring piece by taking the inner diameter of the lower end of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece as the reference according to the target bulging size, and keeping for 20-30 s after the target bulging size is reached to obtain the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece.
2. The method for forming a multi-step large special-shaped ring member according to claim 1, wherein the profile of the main roller is manufactured according to the outer diameter profile of the multi-step large special-shaped ring member, and the height H of the main roller1=HForging process×(1+Φ)+ρ1In the formula, HForging processThe height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part is phi which is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, rho1The height compensation amount of the main roller; rho1Is evenly dividedCloth is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the main roller.
3. The method for forming a multi-step large profiled ring according to claim 1, wherein the profile of the core roll is made according to the inner diameter profile of the multi-step large profiled ring, and the height H of the core roll2=HForging process×(1+Φ)+ρ2In the formula, HForging processThe height of the multi-step large special-shaped ring part is phi which is the thermal shrinkage rate of the material, rho2The height compensation amount of the core roller; rho2Are evenly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the core roller.
4. The method for forming the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer diameter R' of the special-shaped ring rolling piece is R-epsilon, wherein R is the outer diameter of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and epsilon is a subsequent bulging deformation amount; and the inner diameter r' of the special-shaped ring rolled piece is r-epsilon, wherein r is the outer diameter of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece, and epsilon is the subsequent bulging deformation.
5. The method of forming a multi-step large profiled ring according to claim 1, wherein a target dimension r of the bulging is2=r1X (1+ phi) + delta, wherein r1The inner diameter of the lower end of the multi-step large special-shaped ring piece is phi, the thermal shrinkage rate of the material is phi, and delta is the springback compensation quantity.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113182470A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-30 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Near-net forming manufacturing process for hundred-ton-grade special-shaped cross-section ring forging |
CN114309382A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Precision rolling forming method for Waspaloy alloy large-scale case forging |
CN114367613A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-19 | 贵州航宇科技发展股份有限公司 | Z-shaped TI6AL4V alloy ring forming method |
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CN105396994A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-16 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forming method for aluminum alloy multi-step large special-shaped ring |
CN108246937A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-06 | 贵州航宇科技发展股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of multi-step major diameter casing ring forging |
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WO2013075625A1 (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-05-30 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Method for heat bulge forming rectangular ring rolled piece of stainless steel |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113182470A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-30 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Near-net forming manufacturing process for hundred-ton-grade special-shaped cross-section ring forging |
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CN114367613B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-08-01 | 贵州航宇科技发展股份有限公司 | Z-shaped TI6AL4V alloy ring piece forming method |
CN114309382A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Precision rolling forming method for Waspaloy alloy large-scale case forging |
CN114309382B (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2023-06-23 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Precise rolling forming method for Waspaloy alloy large-sized casing forging |
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