CN112198301A - Underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system and method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering - Google Patents
Underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system and method for water conservancy and hydropower engineering Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- G01N33/383—Concrete, cement
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for testing the performance of underwater undispersed slurry in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The testing system comprises an upper open type transparent water tank, a grouting funnel, a test beaker and a test mold, wherein an overflow hole is formed in the upper portion of the transparent water tank, a stirrer and a heating element are arranged in the transparent water tank, and the grouting funnel is erected above the middle portion of the transparent water tank through a funnel support. The invention can control the water temperature, the water flow state and the feeding position, and can simulate the field environment to test the underwater expansion degree, the underwater setting time, the underwater compressive strength, the suspended matter content and the pH value of the water body of the underwater undispersed slurry. The method has the advantages that different test environments are customized individually, the field working condition is simulated, the test scheme is scientific and reasonable, the anti-dispersion capacity, the mixture performance and the mechanical performance of the underwater non-dispersed slurry are contrastively analyzed through a plurality of quantitative indexes, and technical support is provided for scheme comparison and selection, real performance evaluation and the like of the underwater non-dispersed slurry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the performance of underwater undispersed slurry with adjustable water flow state, water temperature and water inlet height in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, aiming at testing the underwater undispersed dispersion resistance of clean slurry, mortar or concrete and the like under different working conditions and providing a basis for material optimization and performance evaluation of underwater leakage plugging or defect repair of hydraulic buildings.
Background
At present, for the underwater repair of leakage defects of hydraulic structures, leakage plugging and caulking materials which can be suitable for underwater operation are developed, and the materials are applied underwater and are required to have non-dispersibility underwater, so the materials are generally called as underwater non-dispersible slurry. The cement-based underwater undispersed slurry comprises underwater undispersed concrete, mortar or clear paste and the like, has the advantages of underwater undispersed, easy construction, low cost, environmental protection and the like, and is widely applied to power stations, tunnels, bridges and municipal engineering.
Since the performance of the underwater undispersed slurry when applied to water directly affects its effectiveness, it is necessary to test its performance before conducting research and use. The method for testing underwater concrete is disclosed in a standard DL/T5117-2000 testing method for testing underwater undispersed concrete, wherein the method for testing underwater undispersed concrete is defined as that the anti-dispersing agent is doped into fresh concrete to form novel underwater concrete, and test methods such as a forming and curing method, anti-dispersing property, fluidity, setting time and the like of an underwater test piece are specified in the publication. The underwater concrete test method disclosed in this document has the following problems, specifically:
(1) the water temperature is fixed and not adjustable; the specification stipulates that the forming of the underwater test piece is carried out in a water tank at the temperature of (20 +/-3) DEG C, and the temperature of the test piece for curing in water, such as the compressive strength and the like after forming, is also at the temperature of (20 +/-3) DEG C. However, depending on the site environment and the difference of the specific project, the water temperature in the underwater non-dispersed slurry is greatly different, such as in winter construction, the underwater temperature of some projects is even nearly 0 ℃, and in summer construction, the water temperature may be higher than 30 ℃. Ambient temperature has a significant effect on cement-based materials, with lower temperatures setting hardening more slowly and higher temperatures setting more quickly.
(2) The water inlet point of the grouting material feeding is fixed and unadjustable; in the forming, underwater anti-dispersion and other tests of underwater test pieces, the specifications all stipulate that the mixture falls into water from the water surface, and the height of the water in the water tank is 150mm above the upper limit of the test mold, namely, the falling position of grouting feeding is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual requirements.
(3) The difference between the water body suspended matter content test and the actual working condition is large; the content of suspended matters in the water body is a test index for evaluating the dispersibility resistance of the underwater undispersed slurry. The current practice is to add 800ml of water to a 1000ml beaker, then add 500g of the underwater undispersed slurry in 10 equal portions in series, after standing, aspirate 600ml of water with a pipette and measure the suspended matter. The difference from the actual construction environment is larger, larger water flow may exist on the site, and larger disturbance is generated to the undispersed slurry underwater, so that larger content of suspended solids is generated.
(4) The slurry mixing property test is not operated under water; for large-flow underwater undispersed slurry, the extension degree and the setting time of a mixture are important technical indexes, and the on-site construction performance and the underwater plugging efficiency are directly related. The standard specifies that the extension test is performed on a laboratory bench and the setting time is measured after the slurry is formed into a mortar cylinder. The difference from the actual construction environment is large, and the influence difference of the underwater environment is not fully reflected by the method in the specification.
By combining the above analysis, the slurry which is not dispersed underwater needs to adapt to different underwater operation environments, the actual working conditions are water-moving operation under many conditions, and the water flow mode is complex. Factors such as wading temperature, water depth, water flow state and water flow direction all influence the performance of the slurry which is not dispersed underwater, thereby influencing the application effects of underwater leakage plugging and caulking construction. The existing standard test method cannot fully reflect the construction environment of the site, and no relevant specific regulations exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a system and a method for testing the performance of underwater undispersed slurry in water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides an underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system used in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, which is characterized in that: the testing system comprises an upper open type transparent water tank, a grouting funnel, a testing beaker and a testing mold, wherein an overflow hole is formed in the upper part of the transparent water tank, a stirrer and a heating element are arranged in the transparent water tank, the heating element is arranged at the lower part of the transparent water tank, and the testing mold comprises a hollow mold with an upper opening and a lower opening and a hollow mold with an open upper opening and a closed bottom; the grouting funnel is composed of a conical funnel opening at the upper part and a circular sleeve at the lower part, and is erected above the middle part of the transparent water tank through a funnel support, the bottom surface of the test beaker is arranged at the position right facing the grouting funnel when the test beaker is used for testing the content and the pH value of the suspension of the grout under water, and the bottom surface of the test beaker is arranged at the position right facing the grouting funnel when the test beaker is used for testing the underwater expansibility, the underwater coagulation time and the underwater compressive strength of the grout under water.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the testing device further comprises a temperature monitoring device arranged in the transparent water tank, the heating element is a resistance heating element and comprises a resistance type electric heating tube, a rheostat and a heating controller, the temperature monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature display meter, and the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the signal input end of the heating controller and used for monitoring and controlling the water temperature in the transparent water tank to be 5-40 ℃; the temperature display meter is used for displaying the temperature of water in the water tank.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the transparent water tank is of a square water tank structure, the funnel support is arranged outside the water tank and comprises a fixed base, a vertical support, a transverse support and a grouting funnel fixing frame, the grouting funnel fixing frame is a diameter-adjustable annular support, the diameter of the grouting funnel fixing frame is smaller than that of a funnel opening of the grouting funnel, the grouting funnel fixing frame is arranged on a middle dividing line in the width direction of the transparent water tank, and the grouting funnel is fixedly arranged on the grouting funnel fixing frame; the horizontal support passes through vertical adjusting collar and vertical leg joint to can reciprocate along vertical support and adjust the height of slip casting funnel, slip casting funnel mount passes through horizontal adjusting collar and horizontal leg joint, and can adjust the horizontal position of slip casting funnel about the horizontal support, is equipped with the balancing piece in the one end that the slip casting funnel mount was kept away from to horizontal support.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the two stirrers are symmetrically erected on two sides of the grouting funnel through supports, the stirrer supports are arranged outside the transparent water tank or fixed on the side wall of the transparent water tank through a clamping mechanism, and the rotating speed range of each stirrer is 50-5000 r/min.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the test mold is a metal or plastic test mold and comprises a round test mold and a cubic test mold; the test mold for testing the underwater expansibility of the underwater undispersed slurry is a round hollow test mold with an opening at the upper part and the lower part; the test mold for testing the underwater coagulation time is a round or cubic hollow mold with an open upper part and a closed bottom; the test mold for testing the underwater compressive strength is a cubic hollow test mold with an open upper part and a closed bottom.
The invention also provides a method for testing the performance of the underwater undispersed slurry in the water conservancy and hydropower engineering, which is characterized in that the testing method uses the underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system for testing, and the specific testing process is as follows:
(1) determining performance indexes to be tested, standard parameters of all performance indexes and test parameters according to the application site environment requirement of the underwater undispersed slurry, wherein the performance indexes to be tested comprise the water body suspended matter content, the pH value, the underwater expansion degree, the underwater setting time and the underwater compressive strength of the underwater undispersed slurry; the test parameters comprise test temperature, stirring speed of a stirrer and distance between the bottom surface of the grouting funnel and the water surface;
(2) placing a transparent water tank in a space with stable environment, injecting water into the transparent water tank, enabling the water surface of the transparent water tank to be flush with the overflow hole, moving a grouting funnel to a position right above the middle part of the water tank, and adjusting the height of the grouting funnel, the temperature in the water tank and the rotating speed of a stirrer according to the test parameters in the step (1); in the whole test process, the temperature in the water tank is kept to be always at the set temperature, and the stirrer rotates and stirs at the set rotating speed;
(3) stirring not less than 2kg of underwater undispersed slurry, wherein the underwater undispersed slurry comprises any one of cement paste, mortar or concrete;
(4) respectively testing the underwater undispersed slurry prepared in the step (3) according to the performance indexes to be tested determined in the step (1), wherein the specific testing process of each performance index is as follows:
a. measuring the content of suspended matters in the water body without dispersing slurry underwater and the pH value; putting a 1000mL beaker into a position, opposite to a grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in a water tank, weighing 500g of the underwater undispersed slurry mixed in the step (3) as a test sample, dividing the test sample into 10 equal parts, adding the test sample into the beaker through the grouting funnel within 20-30 s, slowly and vertically taking out the beaker, standing for 3min, slightly sucking 600mL of water from the water surface of the beaker within 1min by using a glass suction tube, taking 200mL of water out of the beaker as a pH value determination sample for pH value determination, and taking the rest of the water as a suspension content determination sample for suspension content determination;
b. measuring the underwater expansion degree of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing the underwater extensibility measuring test mold at a position, opposite to the grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in the water tank, filling the underwater extensibility measuring test mold with the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (3) through the grouting funnel, scraping the surface of the test mold, slowly lifting the test mold vertically upwards, measuring the diameter of slurry extension from two opposite directions of the water tank after 30s, and taking the arithmetic mean value of the two as the extensibility; the underwater expansion degree measuring test mold is a hollow mold with an opening at the upper part and the lower part;
c. measuring the underwater setting time of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing the test mold for measuring the underwater setting time at a position, opposite to the grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in the water tank, taking the underwater undispersed slurry obtained in the step (3), filling the slurry into the grouting funnel for measuring the underwater setting time at one time, taking the test mold out after the slurry in the test mold is filled, slightly vibrating and smoothing the surface, then moving the test mold into other water with the same temperature until the test piece is finally set, and measuring the underwater setting time in the process; the underwater coagulation time measuring test mold is a cylindrical or cubic hollow mold with an upper opening and a closed bottom surface;
d. measuring the underwater compressive strength of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing an underwater compressive strength measurement test mold at a position, opposite to a grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in a water tank, taking the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (3), fully injecting the slurry into the underwater compressive strength measurement test mold through grouting, recording the water inlet height of the underwater undispersed slurry, taking out the test mold after the slurry is fully injected, standing for 5-10 min, moving the slurry into another water with the same temperature for maintenance after the slurry reaches a stable state, removing the test mold after the slurry is finally solidified for 1 day, and continuing the water maintenance until the test time is reached to measure the compressive strength of the slurry; the underwater coagulation time measuring test mold is a cubic hollow mold with an upper opening and a closed bottom surface;
(6) comparing the performance test result of the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) with the requirements of project engineering to which the slurry needs to be applied on the slurry, and determining whether the slurry meets the requirements of a construction site; the requirement of project engineering on the slurry is set according to the requirements of project engineering environment, geographic environment and business, and the slurry can be used as a plugging material for plugging in the project when the requirement of the project engineering is met.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: and (3) in the step (2), the temperature rise adjustment in the water tank is realized by heating the heating element, the temperature reduction adjustment is realized by putting ice blocks, and the water temperature in the water tank is monitored by the temperature monitoring device in the test process.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the pH value of the slurry which is not dispersed under water in the step (4) is measured according to a measuring method (namely a glass electrode method) of the national standard GB/T6920 water pH value; the determination of the suspended matter content of the underwater undispersed slurry is performed according to the determination method of the suspended matter content in the technical requirements of the underwater undispersed concrete flocculant of the national standard specification GB/T37990-; measuring the diameter of the slurry expansion in two vertical directions of the water tank by the underwater expansion degree of the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) through a ruler, taking the arithmetic mean value of the two as the expansion degree, selecting a used measuring test mold according to the type of the underwater undispersed slurry, and when the underwater undispersed slurry is net slurry, determining the net slurry test mold as a truncated cone circular mold for measuring the fluidity of the cement net slurry in the test method for the homogeneity of the concrete admixture according to the national standard specification GB/T8077; when the underwater undispersed slurry is the mortar, the mortar test mold is a test mold for measuring the flow of the cement mortar in the method for measuring the fluidity of the cement mortar meeting the national standard specification GB/T2419-; when the underwater undispersed slurry is concrete, the concrete test mold is a slump cone which meets the slump test in the DL/T5150-charge 2017 hydraulic concrete test procedure.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: when the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) is clean slurry, placing an underwater setting time measuring test mold on a glass bottom plate and placing the test mold and the glass bottom plate together at the position of the center of the bottom of a water tank, which is opposite to a grouting funnel, and taking out the test mold and the glass bottom plate together to move into water at the same temperature when the slurry added into the test mold is higher than the top surface of the test mold, wherein the test mold and the glass bottom plate are maintained in the water at the same temperature until the slurry is finally set except taking out the test mold to measure the underwater setting time, and the sizes of the test mold and the glass bottom plate for measuring the underwater setting time for measuring the clean slurry and the measuring method for measuring the setting time are carried out according to the measuring method for measuring the setting time in the national standard GB/T1346 cement standard water; when the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) is mortar or concrete, the underwater undispersed slurry passes through a sieve with the aperture of 10mm before being injected into a test mold and is uniformly mixed, the surface of the slurry injected into the test mold is lower than the upper edge of the test mold, when the test mold is taken out, internal bubbles are slightly vibrated to eliminate, then the test mold is moved into water with the same temperature, the test mold is maintained in the water with the same temperature for the rest time until the slurry is finally solidified except taking out for measuring the underwater solidification time, wherein the underwater solidification time measuring test mold for measuring the mortar or concrete and the solidification time measuring method are carried out according to a concrete mixture solidification time test penetration resistance method in a national standard specification DL/T5150 and 2001 hydraulic concrete test procedure.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: d, after the grout is fully poured and the test mold is taken out, tapping the side face of the test mold to promote drainage, standing for 5-10 min to enable the grout to be self-leveled and self-compact to reach a stable state, moving the grout to another water tank with the same temperature for maintenance, and trowelling the grout which is excessively poured before initial setting in the maintenance process; when the undispersed slurry is concrete, the compressive strength of the concrete reaching the age is measured according to the cubic compressive strength test of the concrete in the test procedure of the hydraulic concrete of the national standard specification DL/T5150-2001; when the undispersed slurry is mortar or cement paste, the compressive strength of the slurry reaching the age is measured according to a cubic body compressive strength test in the national standard specification JGJ/T70-2009 building mortar basic performance test method standard.
The invention is provided with a test water tank, and has the functions of controlling the water temperature to be 5-40 ℃, controlling the water flow state (still water state and moving water state), adjusting the feeding position and the like. In the water tank, the underwater expansion degree of the slurry which is not dispersed underwater can be tested, test molds with different specifications can be placed on a water tank bottom plate, the slurry is injected into the test molds from a set height above the water and is formed, and the setting time and the compressive strength of the slurry under the water, the content of suspended matters in the water and the pH value of the water body are tested. The invention can individually customize different test environments, simulate field working conditions, has scientific and reasonable test scheme, contrasts and analyzes the anti-dispersion capability, the mixture performance and the mechanical property of the underwater undispersed slurry through a plurality of quantitative indexes, and provides technical support for scheme comparison and selection, real performance evaluation and the like of the underwater undispersed slurry.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can adjust a plurality of factors such as water flow state, water temperature and water inlet height according to actual requirements, and customize different test environments individually, thereby simulating specific site working conditions, and the test scheme is more scientific and reasonable and is close to engineering application.
(2) By testing multiple quantitative indexes such as underwater setting time, compressive strength, suspended matter content and pH value of a water body, the anti-dispersion capacity, the mixture performance and the mechanical performance of the underwater non-dispersible concrete are contrastively analyzed, and technical support is provided for scheme comparison and selection, real performance evaluation and the like of the underwater non-dispersible concrete.
(3) Based on the method, the tested materials and performance range can be expanded. Besides not dispersing concrete under water, the concrete also comprises cement paste, mortar and other plugging paste for underwater operation. Besides the performances, the material can also be tested for apparent density, breaking strength, split tensile strength, impermeability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater slurry non-dispersibility property testing device in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the funnel support in elevation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a funnel support of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting funnel in the invention.
In fig. 1: the grouting funnel comprises a funnel support 1, a fixing base 100, a vertical support 101, a horizontal support 102, a grouting funnel fixing frame 103, a vertical adjusting sleeve 105, a horizontal adjusting sleeve 104, a balance block 106, a grouting funnel 2, a conical funnel opening 200, a circular sleeve 201, a temperature monitoring device 3, a stirrer 4, a transparent water tank 5, a test mold 6, a heating element 7 and an overflow hole 8.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. Fig. 1 to 4 are drawings of embodiments, which are drawn in a simplified manner and are only used for the purpose of clearly and concisely illustrating the embodiments of the present invention. The following claims presented in the drawings are specific to embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, or the orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The embodiment provides a system for testing the performance of underwater undispersed slurry in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, as shown in fig. 1, the testing system comprises an upper open type transparent water tank 5, a grouting funnel 2, a test beaker and a test mold 6, wherein the square transparent water tank 5 is made of organic glass, the grouting funnel 2 is erected above the middle part of the transparent water tank 5 through a funnel support 1, the test beaker is arranged in the position, opposite to the grouting funnel 2, in the transparent water tank 5 when testing the content and the pH value of the undispersed slurry suspension in water, and the test mold 6 is arranged in the position, opposite to the grouting funnel 2, in the transparent water tank 5 when testing the underwater expansibility, the underwater coagulation time and the underwater compressive strength of the undispersed slurry in water; the test mold for testing the underwater non-dispersive slurry underwater expansibility is a cylindrical hollow mold with an open upper part and an open lower part, the test mold for testing the underwater setting time is a cylindrical or cubic hollow mold with an open upper part and a closed bottom, and the test mold for testing the underwater compressive strength is a cubic hollow mold with an open upper part and a closed bottom.
According to the performance testing device for the underwater undispersed slurry, as shown in fig. 1, an overflow hole 8 is formed in the upper portion of a transparent water tank 5, a stirrer 4, a heating element 7 and a temperature monitoring device 3 are arranged in the transparent water tank 5, the stirrer 4 is provided with two small stirrers, the small stirrers are directly purchased and are arranged in a rotating speed range of 50-5000r/min, the two stirrers 4 are symmetrically erected on two sides of a grouting funnel 2 through supports, the supports are arranged outside the transparent water tank 1 (as shown in fig. 1), and the supports can also be directly fixed on the side wall of the transparent water tank through clamping pieces. The heating element 7 is arranged at the lower part of the transparent water tank 5, and the heating element 7 is a resistance heating element and comprises a resistance electric heating tube, a rheostat and a heating controller, and can automatically heat; the temperature monitoring device 3 comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature display meter, wherein the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the signal input end of the heating controller (can be connected in a wired or wireless way) and is used for monitoring and controlling the water temperature in the transparent water tank 5 to be 5-40 ℃; the temperature display meter is used for displaying the temperature of water in the water tank; the temperature display meter can be directly fixed on the inner wall of the water tank by adopting a thermometer, or embedded in the inner wall of the water tank, or directly and manually inserted into water for temperature monitoring, and the insertion mode is simplified in the attached drawing; the temperature sensor may transmit a monitored temperature signal to the heating controller, which controls the heating temperature of the heating element 7.
In the embodiment, the transparent water tank 5 is of a square water tank structure, as shown in fig. 4, the grouting funnel 2 is composed of a conical funnel opening 200 at the upper part and a circular sleeve 201 at the lower part, as shown in fig. 1, the grouting funnel 2 is erected right above the middle part of the transparent water tank 5 through a funnel support 1, the funnel support 1 is arranged outside the transparent water tank 5, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the funnel support 1 comprises a fixed base 100, a vertical support 101, a transverse support 102 and a grouting funnel fixing frame 103, the grouting funnel fixing frame 103 is an annular support with adjustable diameter, the diameter of the annular support is smaller than that of the funnel opening of the grouting funnel 1, the grouting funnel fixing frame 103 is arranged on a middle parting line in the width direction of the transparent water tank 5, and the grouting funnel 2 is fixedly arranged; the horizontal support 102 is connected with the vertical support 101 through a vertical adjusting sleeve 105 and can move up and down along the vertical support 101 to adjust the height of the grouting funnel 2, the grouting funnel fixing frame 103 is connected with the horizontal support 102 through a horizontal adjusting sleeve 104 and can adjust the horizontal position of the grouting funnel 2 left and right along the horizontal support 102, and a balance block 106 is arranged at one end, far away from the grouting funnel fixing frame 103, of the horizontal support 102. The adjustment mode of the funnel support 1 can also be carried out by adopting the existing adjusting support, and only the height of the grouting funnel 2 needs to be ensured and the adjustment can be carried out in the length direction of the water tank.
The underwater undispersed slurry in the embodiment of the invention comprises cement paste, mortar or concrete; the performance indexes to be tested comprise the water body suspended matter content, the pH value, the underwater expansion degree, the underwater setting time and the underwater compressive strength of the underwater undispersed slurry; the test parameters comprise test temperature, stirring speed of the stirrer and distance between the bottom surface of the grouting funnel and the water surface; the standard reaching parameters of each performance index are determined according to the environment analysis data of the construction site and the geological survey report. The specific test process of each performance index of the underwater undispersed slurry in the embodiment is as follows:
measuring the content of suspended matters in the water body without dispersing slurry underwater and the pH value; putting a 1000mL beaker into a water tank with various adjusted parameters at a position opposite to a grouting funnel 2, weighing 500g of a sample from the stirred underwater undispersed slurry, dividing the sample into 10 equal parts, adding the sample into the beaker through the feeding funnel 2 within 20-30 s, slowly and vertically taking out the beaker, standing for 3min, slightly sucking 600mL of water from the water surface of the water cup by using a glass suction tube within 1min, taking 200mL of water out of the beaker as a pH value measurement sample for pH value measurement, and taking the rest of the water as a suspension content measurement sample for suspension content measurement; the pH value of the underwater undispersed slurry is measured according to the national standard GB/T6920 water quality pH value measuring method (namely, a glass electrode method); the determination of the suspended matter content of the underwater undispersed slurry is carried out according to the determination method of the suspended matter content in the technical requirements of the underwater undispersed concrete flocculant of the national standard specification GB/T37990-2019.
Measuring the underwater expansion degree of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing an underwater extensibility measuring test mold in a position, opposite to a grouting funnel 2, of a water tank with various well-adjusted parameters, then injecting underwater undispersed slurry into the test mold through the grouting funnel 2 for one time, leveling the surface of the test mold, slowly lifting the test mold vertically upwards, measuring slurry extension diameters in two vertical directions of the water tank through a ruler from the water tank after 30s, and taking the arithmetic mean value of the two diameters as extensibility; the underwater extensibility is determined by a hollow mould with an opening at the upper part and the lower part, the concrete selection of the test mould is carried out according to the type of underwater undispersed slurry, and when the underwater undispersed slurry is clean slurry, the clean slurry test mould is a truncated cone circular mould which is in line with the national standard GB/T8077 concrete admixture homogeneity test method and is used for measuring the fluidity of the cement clean slurry; when the underwater undispersed slurry is the mortar, the mortar test mold is a test mold for measuring the flow of the cement mortar in the method for measuring the fluidity of the cement mortar meeting the national standard specification GB/T2419-; when the underwater undispersed slurry is concrete, the concrete test mold is a slump cone which meets the slump test in the DL/T5150-charge 2017 hydraulic concrete test procedure.
Measuring the underwater setting time of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing an underwater setting time measuring test mold at a position, opposite to a grouting funnel 2, in a water tank with various well-adjusted parameters, injecting underwater undispersed slurry into the test mold through the feeding funnel 2 at one time, taking out the test mold after the slurry in the test mold is filled, slightly vibrating and smoothing the surface, then moving the test mold into another water tank with the same temperature until a test piece is finally set, and measuring the underwater setting time in the process; when the underwater undispersed slurry is clean slurry, the underwater setting time measuring test mold is a hollow mold with an opening at the upper part and an opening at the lower part, and when the underwater undispersed slurry is mortar or concrete, the underwater setting time measuring test mold is a hollow mold with an opening at the upper part and a closed bottom surface; when the underwater undispersed slurry is clean slurry, placing an underwater setting time measuring test mold on a glass bottom plate and placing the test mold and the glass bottom plate together at the center of the bottom of a water tank at the position opposite to a grouting funnel, taking out the test mold and the glass bottom plate together and moving the test mold and the glass bottom plate into water with the same temperature when the slurry added into the test mold is higher than the top surface of the test mold, and curing the test mold and the glass bottom plate in the water with the same temperature until the slurry is finally set except taking out the test mold and the glass bottom plate for the underwater setting time, wherein the sizes of the test mold and the glass bottom plate for the underwater setting time measurement for the clean slurry measurement and the setting time measurement method are carried out according to the setting time measurement method in the national standard GB/T1346 cement; when the underwater undispersed slurry is mortar or concrete, the underwater undispersed slurry passes through a sieve with the aperture of 10mm before being injected into a test mould and is uniformly mixed, the surface of the slurry injected into the test mould is lower than the upper edge of the test mould, when the test mould is taken out, internal bubbles are slightly vibrated to eliminate, then the test mould is moved into water with the same temperature, except that the test mould is taken out for measuring the underwater setting time, the test mould is maintained in the water with the same temperature for the rest time until the slurry is finally set, wherein the mortar or concrete is measured by using the underwater setting time measurement test mould and the setting time test method according to the penetration resistance method of the concrete mixture setting time test in the national standard specification DL/T5150 and 2001 hydraulic concrete test procedure.
Measuring the underwater compressive strength of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing an underwater compressive strength measurement test mold in a position, opposite to a grouting funnel 2, of a water tank with various well-adjusted parameters, injecting undispersed slurry with the same quantity as the test mold into the test mold through the grouting funnel 2, recording the water inlet height, taking out the test mold after the slurry is fully injected into the test mold, tapping the side surface of the test mold to promote drainage, standing for 5-10 min to enable the slurry to be self-leveled and self-compacted to reach a stable state, then moving into water with the same temperature for maintenance, removing the mold after final setting for 1 day, measuring the compressive strength after the water is maintained for testing time, and leveling the overflowed slurry by using a trowel before the initial setting in the maintenance process; the underwater compressive strength testing mold is a hollow mold with an upper opening and a closed bottom surface; when the undispersed slurry is concrete, the compressive strength of the concrete reaching the age is measured according to the cubic compressive strength test of the concrete in the test procedure of the hydraulic concrete of the national standard specification DL/T5150-2001; when the undispersed slurry is mortar or cement paste, the compressive strength of the slurry reaching the age is measured according to a cubic body compressive strength test in the national standard specification JGJ/T70-2009 building mortar basic performance test method standard.
The following three embodiments respectively describe the test of the clean slurry, the mortar and the concrete in detail, the transparent water tank 5 in the above embodiments adopts a transparent glass water tank with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 450mm, the upper end is not sealed, one side of the water tank is 100mm away from the top, an overflow hole 8 is arranged, a plastic hose is connected for draining water, and the other side is 100mm away from the bottom, a heating element 7 is arranged; the temperature of water in the box can be controlled to be 5-40 ℃, the water temperature is adjusted according to test requirements, the temperature is reduced by adding ice into the water, the temperature is increased by the resistance heating element 7 in the box (the heating element mainly comprises a resistance type electric heating tube, a rheostat and a heating controller), and a thermometer is arranged for testing. The grouting funnel is a metal or plastic grouting funnel, the size of the grouting funnel for the clean slurry and the mortar is slightly smaller than that of the concrete grouting funnel, the diameter of a funnel opening of the grouting funnel for the clean slurry and the mortar is 600mm, the height of the funnel opening is 300mm, the diameter of a cylindrical hollow part at the lower part of the funnel is 300mm, and the height of the cylindrical hollow part is 120 mm; the diameter of a funnel opening of the concrete grouting funnel is 1200mm, the height of the funnel opening is 600mm, the diameter of a cylindrical hollow part at the lower part of the funnel is 600mm, and the height of the cylindrical hollow part is 1200 mm.
In the embodiment 1, aiming at the situation that a certain underwater engineering needs to use non-dispersed clear slurry underwater to perform on-site leakage plugging, through analysis and research, the design indexes and requirements of the project on the plugging slurry are as follows: after the underwater undispersed slurry is added, the content of suspended matters in the water body is less than or equal to 50mg/L, the pH value is less than or equal to 8.5, the underwater expansion degree is controlled within 180mm +/-10 mm, and the final setting is carried out within 5 hours. The engineering project is located at a position of about 3m underwater, the water temperature is about 15 ℃, the water flow speed is low, and the engineering project can be regarded as a static water state. Aiming at the performance requirements, the leakage plugging is carried out on the project by basically selecting the cement paste, but how to determine that the performance of the cement paste meets the performance requirements, the existing method can not carry out simulation on the project site, so the project engineering personnel adopt the testing device to carry out performance detection, and the specific process is as follows:
(1) injecting water into the water tank to enable the water level to be flush with the overflow hole 8; mixing the neat paste slurry to be tested;
(2) after water injection is finished, measuring the water temperature to be 22 ℃, adding a proper amount of ice blocks into the water tank in order to enable the water temperature in the water tank to be close to the actual water temperature, monitoring the water temperature in the water tank to be 15 ℃, placing a thermometer in the water tank for a long time for monitoring the water temperature, or measuring the water temperature every 5 minutes, and keeping the fluctuation of the water temperature in the water tank to be not more than 2 ℃ until the test is finished;
(3) installing a clean slurry grouting funnel on a funnel support 1, adjusting a grouting funnel 2 to be right above the center of a water tank through the funnel support 1, adjusting the height of the grouting funnel 2 through the funnel support 1, enabling a discharge port of the grouting funnel 2 to be just in contact with the water surface, fixing the grouting funnel 2, and starting to test; the specific test process is as follows:
a. the suspension content and the pH of the neat slurry were tested: placing a 1000mL beaker into the water tank with the water temperature and the stirring speed adjusted in the step (1), and facing the grouting funnel 2; weighing 500g of the stirred slurry obtained in the step (1), dividing into 10 equal parts, continuously injecting each sample into a beaker through a grouting funnel 2, slowly and vertically taking out the beaker immediately after grouting is finished, standing for 3min, sucking 600mL of water from the beaker, taking out 200mL of water as a sample for measuring the pH value, and taking the rest of water as a sample for measuring the content of suspended matters. The suspension content was found to be 36.5mg/L, the pH was 7.8.
b. Testing the underwater extension degree of the clean slurry: placing a test mold (the test mold adopts a truncated cone circular mold for measuring the fluidity of the cement neat paste in a national standard GB/T8077 concrete additive homogeneity test method) at a position, opposite to a grouting funnel 2, of the bottom surface center in a water tank, injecting the mixed neat paste into an underwater truncated cone circular mold through the grouting funnel 2, scraping the mold by using a scraper, lifting the truncated cone circular mold in the vertical direction, starting a stopwatch to time at the same time, enabling the cement neat paste to freely flow on a bottom plate of the water tank for 30s, measuring the maximum diameter scales of two mutually vertical directions of the flowing part of the neat paste on the bottom plate, and taking the average value as the underwater expansion degree of the cement neat paste; it measures an underwater extension of 185 mm.
c. Testing the underwater setting time of the neat paste: placing a test mold and a glass plate (the test mold and the glass plate are selected according to the national standard GB/T1346 cement standard water consumption, the setting time and the stability test method) for measuring the setting time and containing the cement paste at the position, opposite to the grouting funnel 2, of the center of the bottom surface in the water tank, injecting the mixed paste into an underwater test mold through the grouting funnel 2, filling the test mold once, then taking out the glass plate and the test mold together, slightly vibrating for a plurality of times and scraping, immediately returning the test mold into the original water tank for waiting for testing, testing according to the test method in the national standard GB/T1346 cement standard water consumption, the setting time and the stability test method, and measuring the initial setting time of the slurry to be 260min and the final setting time to be 320 min.
In the embodiment 1, the clear paste is detected, except that the setting time exceeds the standard, other properties of the material meet engineering requirements, and before the clear paste is applied to an engineering field, measures are recommended to be adopted to adjust the setting time so as to achieve a good plugging effect.
Therefore, the performance of the material is evaluated by simulating the working conditions on site and carrying out the related performance test of two materials (A1, A2) which do not disperse mortar underwater.
(1) Injecting water into the water tank to enable the water level to be flush with the overflow hole 8;
(2) after the water injection is finished, the water temperature is measured to be 19 ℃, the heating element 7 in the water tank is started, the water temperature is increased to 25 ℃, the water temperature is measured every 5 minutes, and the water temperature fluctuation in the water tank is kept to be not more than 2 ℃ until the test is finished.
(3) The mortar grouting hopper is adjusted to be right above the center of the water tank, meanwhile, the height of the hopper is adjusted to enable the discharge port of the hopper to be 150mm above the water surface, and the grouting hopper is fixed in order to simulate the working condition on site by considering that a certain fall exists between the feeding port on site and the water surface.
(4) And arranging a variable speed stirrer 4 in the water tank, symmetrically arranging the two stirrers on two sides of the grouting funnel 2, starting the stirrers, regulating the rotation speed of the stirrers to 1000r/min for simulating the working condition of on-site water flow and analyzing the influence of the water flow condition on the performance of the underwater undispersed mortar, and keeping the rotation speed until the test is finished.
a. Two mortars were tested for suspension content and pH: respectively stirring the slurry according to the recommended water consumption of the two materials, and respectively detecting the suspended matter content and the pH value of the two materials by adopting the same steps as the example 1; respectively measuring the suspension content of the material A1 to be 87.6mg/L and the pH value to be 8.6; material A2 had a suspension content of 62.2mg/L and a pH of 8.2.
b. The underwater extension of the two mortars was tested: placing a mortar fluidity test mold (the mortar test mold is a test mold for measuring the fluidity of the cement mortar in GB/T2419-. The underwater extension degree of the material A1 is measured to be 190 mm; the underwater extension of material a2 was 185 mm.
c. The compressive strength (land-water strength ratio) of the two mortars was tested
Forming and maintaining an underwater test piece: placing a mortar forming test mold (adopting a test mold with a bottom and a size of 70.7mm multiplied by 70.7 mm) in the center of the bottom of a water tank, taking a proper amount of mixed slurry, injecting the mixed slurry into the test mold through a funnel, taking out the test mold when the slurry slightly exceeds the surface of the test mold, tapping two side surfaces of the test mold by a wooden hammer to promote drainage, standing for 5-10 min to enable the slurry to be self-leveled and self-compact to reach a stable state, then moving the test mold into water at the same temperature for curing, leveling the slurry subjected to over-casting by a spatula before initial setting, and demolding one day after final setting. Each material was formed into a set of test pieces (6 in one set) and tested for compressive strength at age 7d, 28 d.
Forming and maintaining the test piece in the air: the test is carried out according to a compression strength test of a neutral cube in JGJ/T70-2009 building mortar basic performance test method Standard, and the test result in the example 2 is shown in a chart 1
TABLE 1 materials A1, A2 associated Performance test results
From the experimental data in table 1, both materials meet the engineering requirements, with material a2 being the more preferred choice and the recommended field choice for material a 2.
Therefore, three concrete flocculants (B1, B2 and B3) are selected for comparison, and related performance tests of underwater undispersed concrete are carried out by simulating on-site working conditions for engineering reference.
(1) And injecting water into the water tank to enable the water level to be flush with the overflow hole.
(2) After the water injection is finished, measuring the water temperature to be 17 ℃, adding a proper amount of ice blocks into the water tank, adjusting the water temperature in the water tank to be 10 ℃, measuring the water temperature every 5 minutes, and keeping the water temperature fluctuation in the water tank to be not more than 2 ℃ until the test is finished.
(3) And adjusting the concrete grouting funnel to be right above the center of the water tank, adjusting the height of the funnel to enable the discharge port of the funnel to be just in contact with the water surface, and fixing the feeding funnel.
(4) And (3) placing variable-speed stirrers on two sides of the water tank, starting the stirrers, adjusting the rotating speed to 2000r/min and keeping the rotating speed until the test is finished in order to simulate the field water flow working condition and analyze the influence of the water flow condition on the performance of the underwater undispersed concrete.
a. Three concretes were tested for suspension content and pH:
slurries were prepared according to the recommended amounts of the three materials, and the suspended matter content and the pH value of each of the two materials were measured by the same procedure as in example 1.
The content of the concrete suspension prepared from the material B1 was measured to be 82.0mg/L, and the pH value was measured to be 8.4; the content of the concrete suspension prepared by the material B2 is 94.5mg/L, and the pH value is 8.6; the material B3 produced a concrete suspension with a content of 118.6mg/L and a pH of 9.0.
b. Three concretes were tested for underwater extension:
the slump cone (slump cone of slump test in DL/T5150 and 2017 'Hydraulic concrete test regulations') is arranged at the position, opposite to the grouting funnel 2, of the center of the bottom of the water tank, mixed underwater undispersed concrete is injected into the slump cone once through the concrete grouting funnel, the surface is scraped, the slump cone is slowly and vertically lifted, diameter scales of slurry expansion are measured in two vertical directions of a glass plate after 30s, and the arithmetic mean value of the slump cone and the diameter scales is taken as the expansion degree.
The underwater extensibility of the concrete prepared by the material B1 is 480 mm; the underwater expansion degree of the concrete prepared by the material B2 is 490 mm; the underwater expansion of the concrete prepared by the material B3 is 510 mm.
c. Three concretes were tested for underwater setting time:
the concrete slurry is uniformly mixed through a 10mm sieve, then is injected into a test mold through a feeding funnel, when the surface of the slurry is slightly lower than the upper edge of the test mold, the test mold is taken out, is slightly vibrated, eliminates internal bubbles, and is moved into water at the same temperature; the test pieces were all in water until final set, except for the test setting time.
Measuring the initial setting time of the concrete prepared by the material B1 to be 170min and the final setting time to be 220 min; measuring the initial setting time of the concrete prepared by the material B2 to be 170min and the final setting time to be 230 min; the initial setting time of the concrete prepared from the material B3 was 180min, and the final setting time was 250 min.
TABLE 2 relevant Performance test results for materials B1, B2, B3
From the test data in Table 2, the underwater coagulation time of B3 in the three materials does not meet the engineering requirements (the content of suspended substances is more than 100mg/L, the underwater extensibility is more than 500mm, and the final coagulation time is more than 4h), and the related performance indexes of the materials B1 and B2 meet the engineering requirements.
In order to prove that the testing method in the application is more accurate, the inventor of the application carries out a comparison test of related performance indexes according to a test method in GB/T37990-.
TABLE 3 comparison of relevant Performance indicators for Material B3
From the test results in table 3, it can be seen that the content of the concrete suspension prepared from the material B3 is 96.0mg/L, the pH value is 8.6, the expansion degree is 495mm (in air), the initial setting time is 160min, and the final setting time is 230min, which are determined according to the test method in GB/T37990-.
Therefore, compared with the test method in GB/T37990-.
The performance test method can simulate the field environment for testing, the test result is more accurate, and the plugging effect of underwater undispersed slurry applied to water conservancy and hydropower engineering is better. The method can also be used for analyzing the underwater undispersed performance of the slurry under the conditions of different water temperatures, different water flow states and different water inlet heights.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, which are more particularly and specifically described and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an under water does not disperse thick liquid performance test system for among hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering which characterized in that: the testing system comprises an upper open type transparent water tank (5), a grouting funnel (2), a testing beaker and a testing mold (6), wherein an overflow hole (8) is formed in the upper part of the transparent water tank (5), a stirrer (4) and a heating element (7) are arranged in the transparent water tank (5), the heating element (7) is arranged at the lower part of the transparent water tank (5), and the testing mold (6) comprises a hollow mold with an upper opening and a lower opening and a hollow mold with a closed bottom and an open upper opening; slip casting funnel (2) are by conical funnel mouth (200) on upper portion and circular sleeve (201) of lower part constitute, erect in transparent water tank (5) middle part top through funnel support (1), experimental beaker is when testing under water undispersed thick liquid suspended solid content and pH value, and the position that the bottom just right slip casting funnel (2) is arranged in transparent water tank (5) in, test mould (6) are when testing under water undispersed thick liquid under water divergence, the time of setting under water and compressive strength under water, arrange in transparent water tank (5) in the bottom just to the position of slip casting funnel (2).
2. An underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system for use in hydraulic and hydro-power engineering, according to claim 1, wherein: the testing device further comprises a temperature monitoring device (3) arranged in the transparent water tank (5), the heating element (7) is a resistance heating element and comprises a resistance type electric heating tube, a rheostat and a heating controller, the temperature monitoring device (3) comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature display meter, and the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the signal input end of the heating controller and used for monitoring and controlling the water temperature in the transparent water tank (5) to be 5-40 ℃; the temperature display meter is used for displaying the temperature of water in the water tank.
3. An underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system for use in hydraulic and hydro-power engineering, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the transparent water tank (5) is of a square water tank structure, the funnel support (1) is arranged outside the water tank (5) and comprises a fixed base (100), a vertical support (101), a transverse support (102) and a grouting funnel fixing frame (103), the grouting funnel fixing frame (103) is a diameter-adjustable annular support, the diameter of the annular support is smaller than that of a funnel opening of the grouting funnel (1), the grouting funnel fixing frame (103) is arranged on a middle dividing line in the width direction of the transparent water tank (5), and the grouting funnel (2) is fixedly arranged on the grouting funnel fixing frame (103); horizontal support (102) are connected with vertical support (101) through vertical adjusting sleeve (105) to can reciprocate along vertical support (101) and adjust the height of slip casting funnel (2), slip casting funnel mount (103) are connected with horizontal support (102) through horizontal adjusting sleeve (104), and can adjust the horizontal position of slip casting funnel (2) about horizontal support (102), are equipped with balancing piece (106) in the one end that slip casting funnel mount (103) are kept away from in horizontal support (102).
4. An underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system for use in hydraulic and hydro-power engineering, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the two stirrers (4) are symmetrically erected on two sides of the grouting hopper (2) through supports, the stirrer supports are arranged outside the transparent water tank (5) or fixed on the side wall of the transparent water tank (5) through a clamping mechanism, and the rotating speed range of each stirrer (4) is 50-5000 r/min.
5. An underwater undispersed slurry performance testing system for use in hydraulic and hydro-power engineering, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the test mold (6) is a metal or plastic test mold and comprises a round test mold and a cubic test mold; the test mold for testing the underwater expansibility of the underwater undispersed slurry is a round hollow test mold with an opening at the upper part and the lower part; the test mold for testing the underwater coagulation time is a round or cubic hollow mold with an open upper part and a closed bottom; the test mold for testing the underwater compressive strength is a cubic hollow test mold with an open upper part and a closed bottom.
6. An underwater undispersed slurry performance test method for hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, which is characterized in that the test method uses the underwater undispersed slurry performance test system in any one of claims 1 to 5 to carry out the test, and the specific test process is as follows:
(1) determining performance indexes to be tested and test parameters according to the application site environment requirements of the underwater undispersed slurry, wherein the performance indexes to be tested comprise the water body suspended matter content, the pH value, the underwater expansion degree, the underwater setting time and the underwater compressive strength of the underwater undispersed slurry; the test parameters comprise test temperature, stirring speed of a stirrer and distance between the bottom surface of the grouting funnel and the water surface;
(2) placing a transparent water tank in a space with stable environment, injecting water into the transparent water tank, enabling the water surface of the transparent water tank to be flush with the overflow hole, moving a grouting funnel to a position right above the middle part of the water tank, and adjusting the height of the grouting funnel, the temperature in the water tank and the rotating speed of a stirrer according to the test parameters in the step (1); in the whole test process, the temperature in the water tank is kept to be always at the set temperature, and the stirrer rotates and stirs at the set rotating speed;
(3) stirring not less than 2kg of underwater undispersed slurry, wherein the underwater undispersed slurry comprises any one of cement paste, mortar or concrete;
(4) respectively testing the underwater undispersed slurry prepared in the step (3) according to the performance indexes to be tested determined in the step (1), wherein the specific testing process of each performance index is as follows:
a. measuring the content of suspended matters in the water body without dispersing slurry underwater and the pH value; putting a 1000mL beaker into a position, opposite to a grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in a water tank, weighing 500g of the underwater undispersed slurry mixed in the step (3) as a test sample, dividing the test sample into 10 equal parts, adding the test sample into the beaker through the grouting funnel within 20-30 s, slowly and vertically taking out the beaker, standing for 3min, slightly sucking 600mL of water from the water surface of the beaker within 1min by using a glass suction tube, taking 200mL of water out of the beaker as a pH value determination sample for pH value determination, and taking the rest of the water as a suspension content determination sample for suspension content determination;
b. measuring the underwater expansion degree of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing the underwater extensibility measuring test mold at a position, opposite to the grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in the water tank, filling the underwater extensibility measuring test mold with the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (3) through the grouting funnel, scraping the surface of the test mold, slowly lifting the test mold vertically upwards, measuring the diameter of slurry extension from two opposite directions of the water tank after 30s, and taking the arithmetic mean value of the two as the extensibility; the underwater expansion degree measuring test mold is a hollow mold with an opening at the upper part and the lower part;
c. measuring the underwater setting time of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing the test mold for measuring the underwater setting time at a position, opposite to the grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in the water tank, taking the underwater undispersed slurry obtained in the step (3), filling the slurry into the grouting funnel for measuring the underwater setting time at one time, taking the test mold out after the slurry in the test mold is filled, slightly vibrating and smoothing the surface, then moving the test mold into other water with the same temperature until the test piece is finally set, and measuring the underwater setting time in the process; the underwater coagulation time measuring test mold is a cylindrical or cubic hollow mold with an upper opening and a closed bottom surface;
d. measuring the underwater compressive strength of the underwater undispersed slurry; placing an underwater compressive strength measurement test mold at a position, opposite to a grouting funnel, of the bottom surface in a water tank, taking the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (3), fully injecting the slurry into the underwater compressive strength measurement test mold through grouting, recording the water inlet height of the underwater undispersed slurry, taking out the test mold after the slurry is fully injected, standing for 5-10 min, moving the slurry into another water with the same temperature for maintenance after the slurry reaches a stable state, removing the test mold after the slurry is finally solidified for 1 day, and continuing the water maintenance until the test time is reached to measure the compressive strength of the slurry; the underwater coagulation time measuring test mold is a cubic hollow mold with an upper opening and a closed bottom surface;
(6) and (4) comparing the performance test result of the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) with the requirements of project engineering to which the slurry needs to be applied on the slurry, and determining whether the slurry meets the requirements of a construction site.
7. The method for testing the performance of the underwater undispersed slurry in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) in the step (2), the temperature rise adjustment in the water tank is realized by heating the heating element, the temperature reduction adjustment is realized by putting ice blocks, and the water temperature in the water tank is monitored by the temperature monitoring device in the test process.
8. The method for testing the performance of the underwater undispersed slurry in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pH value of the slurry which is not dispersed under water in the step (4) is measured according to a measuring method (namely a glass electrode method) of the national standard GB/T6920 water pH value; the determination of the suspended matter content of the underwater undispersed slurry is performed according to the determination method of the suspended matter content in the technical requirements of the underwater undispersed concrete flocculant of the national standard specification GB/T37990-; measuring the diameter of the slurry expansion in two vertical directions of the water tank by the underwater expansion degree of the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) through a ruler, taking the arithmetic mean value of the two as the expansion degree, selecting a used measuring test mold according to the type of the underwater undispersed slurry, and when the underwater undispersed slurry is net slurry, determining the net slurry test mold as a truncated cone circular mold for measuring the fluidity of the cement net slurry in the test method for the homogeneity of the concrete admixture according to the national standard specification GB/T8077; when the underwater undispersed slurry is the mortar, the mortar test mold is a test mold for measuring the flow of the cement mortar in the method for measuring the fluidity of the cement mortar meeting the national standard specification GB/T2419-; when the underwater undispersed slurry is concrete, the concrete test mold is a slump cone which meets the slump test in the DL/T5150-charge 2017 hydraulic concrete test procedure.
9. The method for testing the performance of the underwater undispersed slurry as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) is clean slurry, placing an underwater setting time measuring test mold on a glass bottom plate and placing the test mold and the glass bottom plate together at the position of the center of the bottom of a water tank, which is opposite to a grouting funnel, and taking out the test mold and the glass bottom plate together to move into water at the same temperature when the slurry added into the test mold is higher than the top surface of the test mold, wherein the test mold and the glass bottom plate are maintained in the water at the same temperature until the slurry is finally set except taking out the test mold to measure the underwater setting time, and the sizes of the test mold and the glass bottom plate for measuring the underwater setting time for measuring the clean slurry and the measuring method for measuring the setting time are carried out according to the measuring method for measuring the setting time in the national standard GB/T1346 cement standard water; when the underwater undispersed slurry in the step (4) is mortar or concrete, the underwater undispersed slurry passes through a sieve with the aperture of 10mm before being injected into a test mold and is uniformly mixed, the surface of the slurry injected into the test mold is lower than the upper edge of the test mold, when the test mold is taken out, internal bubbles are slightly vibrated to eliminate, then the test mold is moved into water with the same temperature, the test mold is maintained in the water with the same temperature for the rest time until the slurry is finally solidified except taking out for measuring the underwater solidification time, wherein the underwater solidification time measuring test mold for measuring the mortar or concrete and the solidification time measuring method are carried out according to a concrete mixture solidification time test penetration resistance method in a national standard specification DL/T5150 and 2001 hydraulic concrete test procedure.
10. The method for testing the performance of the underwater undispersed slurry as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: d, after the grout is fully poured and the test mold is taken out, tapping the side face of the test mold to promote drainage, standing for 5-10 min to enable the grout to be self-leveled and self-compact to reach a stable state, moving the grout to another water tank with the same temperature for maintenance, and trowelling the grout which is excessively poured before initial setting in the maintenance process; when the undispersed slurry is concrete, the compressive strength of the concrete reaching the age is measured according to the cubic compressive strength test of the concrete in the test procedure of the hydraulic concrete of the national standard specification DL/T5150-2001; when the undispersed slurry is mortar or cement paste, the compressive strength of the slurry reaching the age is measured according to a cubic body compressive strength test in the national standard specification JGJ/T70-2009 building mortar basic performance test method standard.
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