CN112198091B - Experimental device and experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil - Google Patents
Experimental device and experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112198091B CN112198091B CN202011086779.5A CN202011086779A CN112198091B CN 112198091 B CN112198091 B CN 112198091B CN 202011086779 A CN202011086779 A CN 202011086779A CN 112198091 B CN112198091 B CN 112198091B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/02—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material
- G01N11/04—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material through a restricted passage, e.g. tube, aperture
- G01N11/08—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material through a restricted passage, e.g. tube, aperture by measuring pressure required to produce a known flow
Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device and an experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil, belonging to the technical field of experimental equipment for oil exploitation. The method can be used for accurately measuring the precipitation pressure of the asphaltene in the crude oil under the stratum condition, fills the blank that the prior art cannot measure the precipitation pressure of the asphaltene in the crude oil under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition, can simply, conveniently and quickly evaluate the precipitation conditions of the asphaltene in the crude oil under different stratum conditions, and provides a basis for the development and production of heavy oil reservoirs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and an experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil, and belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment for oil exploitation.
Background
Asphalt has a complex structure, strong polarity and high molecular weight (7000-10000), and its chemical structure is difficult to determine. Crude oil is a relatively stable colloidal dispersion, the dispersed phase being micelles with asphaltenes as the core and colloids attached to them as solvolysis layers, and the dispersion medium being mainly composed of oil molecules and part of the colloids. The asphaltene molecules in the micelle are associated with the colloid molecules by the action forces of adsorption, hydrogen bonds and the like. Gums play an important role in the stabilization of asphaltenes in crude oil.
When the temperature, pressure or composition in the crude oil changes, the asphaltene dynamic stabilization system is disturbed or even destroyed, asphaltene molecules are aggregated to form aggregates with larger diameters, and when the buoyancy of the crude oil is not enough to overcome the gravity of asphaltene particles, precipitates are formed. Asphaltene deposits in the near wellbore zone can adsorb on the surface of the core, change rock wettability, block rock pores, reduce permeability, lead to reduced crude oil recovery, and deposits in the tubing and flowlines can reduce production rates.
Asphaltene deposition is one of the important causes of reservoir damage in heavy oil reservoirs at present. In recent years, as heavy oil reservoirs are continuously developed, adverse effects caused by asphaltene deposition have not been ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an experimental device and an experimental method for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil, which are used for accurately measuring the asphaltene precipitation pressure in the crude oil under the stratum condition and filling the gap that the prior art cannot measure the asphaltene precipitation pressure in the crude oil under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil comprises a displacement pump, a back pressure pump, a high-pressure visible light transmission device, a high-pressure intermediate container and an optical density instrument;
the displacement pump is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure intermediate container and used for pressurizing the high-pressure intermediate container, a test oil sample is filled in the high-pressure intermediate container, an outlet of the high-pressure intermediate container is connected with an inlet (namely an A port) of the high-pressure visible light transmission device and used for injecting the test oil sample into the high-pressure visible light transmission device, and the back pressure pump is connected with an outlet (namely an B port) of the high-pressure visible light transmission device and a confining pressure port (namely an C port) of the high-pressure visible light transmission device and used for pressurizing back pressure and confining pressure to the high-pressure visible light transmission device;
the transparent observation window is arranged on the front face and the rear face of the shell of the high-pressure visual light transmission device, asphaltene precipitation conditions in crude oil can be visualized, the light transmittance of the front observation window and the rear observation window are measured by the densitometer, and the high-pressure visual light transmission device and the high-pressure intermediate container are both arranged in a temperature control environment.
Preferably, the shell of the high-pressure visual light-transmitting device comprises a stainless steel main body structure, a stainless steel front cover and a stainless steel rear cover, through holes corresponding to the sizes of the observation windows are formed in the stainless steel main body structure, the stainless steel front cover and the stainless steel rear cover, the observation windows are respectively positioned on the stainless steel front cover and the stainless steel rear cover, tempered glass is arranged between the stainless steel main body structure and the stainless steel front cover and between the stainless steel main body structure and the stainless steel rear cover, and the stainless steel front cover, the tempered glass, the stainless steel main body structure, the tempered glass and the stainless steel rear cover are assembled together through a plurality of bolts and sealing rings, so that the condition that asphaltene is separated out through the observation windows is observed, and the integral sealing performance of the high-pressure visual light-transmitting device is realized;
a high-pressure glass tube is arranged in the high-pressure visual light transmission device, the upper end and the lower end of the high-pressure glass tube are respectively provided with an upstream tube orifice and a downstream tube orifice, the upstream tube orifice is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure visual light transmission device, and the downstream tube orifice is connected with an outlet of the high-pressure visual light transmission device;
the high-pressure glass tube is characterized in that a cavity is arranged on the periphery of the high-pressure glass tube, and the cavity is connected with a confining pressure opening through a confining pressure tube opening and used for confining pressure on the high-pressure glass tube.
The high-pressure glass tube is rigid, the purpose of confining pressure is mainly to keep the pressure inside and outside the high-pressure glass tube the same, the high-pressure glass tube is not directly applied to the test fluid, and the test fluid is very high in pressure, so that the tube body is broken when the test fluid is directly injected into the glass tube, and the same pressure needs to be applied outside the tube.
Preferably, a black light shielding plate is arranged on the observation window to reduce the area of the observation window. Because the test light source of the densitometer is emitted in a point shape, the coverage area is very small, natural light can influence the test result of the receiving end of the densitometer in the daytime, and the black light shielding plate is made of light absorption materials, so that the test error caused by the natural light is reduced as much as possible.
Preferably, the two sides of the high-pressure visible light transmission device are provided with connecting rods, the end parts of the connecting rods are hinged to a steel structure support, and the high-pressure visible light transmission device can be overturned around the steel structure support.
Preferably, a first pressure gauge is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the displacement pump and the high-pressure intermediate container, and a second pressure gauge is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the back pressure pump and the high-pressure visible light transmission device.
Preferably, a valve is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure intermediate container and the high-pressure visible light transmission device, when the valve is opened, the displacement pump is communicated with the high-pressure visible light transmission device through the high-pressure intermediate container, and after the valve is closed, the displacement pump is only used for pressurizing the high-pressure intermediate container.
Preferably, the temperature control environment is an incubator.
Preferably, the test oil sample is a gas-containing oil sample, namely a formation oil sample prepared by a separator oil sample at an oil field site according to a gas-oil ratio under a formation temperature and a formation pressure. The gas-oil ratio is an oilfield field parameter, and the preparation process can refer to the national standard GB/T26981-2011 oil and gas reservoir fluid physical property analysis method.
The underground oil reservoir environment is a high-temperature high-pressure environment, a large amount of gas is dissolved in crude oil in the oil reservoir environment, and the crude oil can be degassed in the process of extracting the crude oil from underground to the ground.
Preferably, the densitometer comprises a source end for emitting light and a receiving end. When in test, the transmitting light source end is aligned to the observation window in front of the shell of the high-voltage visible light transmission device, the receiving end is tightly attached to the observation window in the back of the shell, and the light transmission rate value can be obtained by pressing down the test key.
The densitometer of the present invention may be implemented using existing equipment, without affecting the practice of the present invention, such as a commercially available LS117 densitometer.
An experimental method for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil comprises the following steps:
step 1: transferring an oil sample to be tested into a high-pressure intermediate container under the condition of formation pressure, wherein the operation process can refer to the national standard GB/T26981-2011 oil and gas reservoir fluid physical property analysis method, closing a valve, and pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a displacement pump;
and 2, step: setting the temperature of the constant temperature box as the formation temperature, pressurizing the high-pressure visible light transmission device to the formation pressure by using a back pressure pump, and reading the pressure from a second pressure gauge;
and step 3: opening a valve, displacing a pump to enter the pump, back-pressing the pump to withdraw the pump, keeping the formation pressure, and injecting the test fluid in the high-pressure intermediate container into the high-pressure visible light transmission device;
and 4, step 4: after stabilizing for 20-40min (preferably 30 min), sufficiently shaking the high-pressure visible light transmission device to enable the asphaltene to be uniformly distributed, testing the light transmittance by using an optical density meter, and recording the current pressure and the light transmittance (the pressure can be read from a second pressure gauge, and the light transmittance can be read from the optical density meter);
and 5: step 4 is repeated after step-size reduction is carried out, each time is carried out at 0.5MPa, and when the light transmittance is obviously changed, the step 4 is continuously repeated for a plurality of times;
step 6: and drawing a pressure-light transmittance relation curve according to the test result, namely the recorded pressure and light transmittance, wherein the first point on the curve, at which the light transmittance is obviously reduced, is an asphaltene precipitation pressure point.
The theoretical basis of steps 4, 5 and 6 is as follows: because the crude oil is a uniform and stable colloid system, the light transmittance is higher when a fixed light source irradiates; when the pressure is reduced and the asphaltene in the crude oil is flocculated, the diameter of asphaltene particles is increased, the scattering effect on light is enhanced, and the light transmittance is reduced.
Preferably, in step 4, the shaking mode is as follows: the high-pressure visible light transmission device is manually shaken to rotate around the steel structure support by 360 degrees, the shaking time is preferably 1min, and the asphaltene is uniformly distributed.
Preferably, the displacement pump and the back-pressure pump are both hand-operated pumps, and when the pressure of the medium step is reduced in the step 5 (when the pressure of the medium step is reduced, the pressure between the displacement pump and the back-pressure pump is communicated, and the pressure is reduced by rotating the hand-operated pumps, and the pressure value is read by the second pressure gauge.
Preferably, when no asphaltene deposition occurs, the light transmittance should not change, or fluctuate within the test error range, and in step 5, if the light transmittance value of this time is more than 5% of the average value of the light transmittance values of the previous times, the light transmittance is determined to have an obvious change, and if the light transmittance value of this time is within 5% of the average value of the light transmittance values of the previous times, the light transmittance does not have an obvious change.
The invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the experimental device for testing the crude oil asphaltene precipitation pressure can be used for accurately measuring the asphaltene precipitation pressure in crude oil under the stratum condition, and fills the gap that the prior art cannot measure the asphaltene precipitation pressure in crude oil under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition.
The asphaltene precipitation can reduce the permeability of the reservoir and change the reservoir to lipophilicity, and the asphaltene precipitation pressure obtained by the experimental method can be applied to the actual production of the oil field, so that the reservoir damage phenomenon caused by asphaltene deposition is reduced or avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a high-voltage visible light transmission device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the high voltage, visible light transmission device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a high voltage, visible light transmission device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the high voltage, visible light transmission device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the pressure versus light transmittance curve of the crude oils tested in accordance with certain examples;
in the figure, 1, densitometer; 2. a high voltage, visible light transmission device; 3. a high pressure intermediate vessel; 4a, a back pressure pump; 4b, a displacement pump; 5. a thermostat; 6. a valve; 7. a first pressure gauge; 8. a second pressure gauge; 9. a black light screen; 10. an observation window; 11. a connecting rod; 12. an upstream orifice; 13. a high pressure glass tube; 14. confining pressure pipe orifice; 15. a downstream orifice; 16. the steel structure support, 17-stainless steel major structure, 18-toughened glass.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not described in detail and is in accordance with the conventional techniques in the art.
Example 1:
an experimental device for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is shown in fig. 1-5 and comprises a displacement pump 4b, a back pressure pump 4a, a high-pressure visible light transmission device 2, a high-pressure intermediate container 3 and an optical density instrument 1;
the displacement pump 4B is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure intermediate container 3 and is used for pressurizing the high-pressure intermediate container 3, a test oil sample is filled in the high-pressure intermediate container 3, an outlet of the high-pressure intermediate container 3 is connected with an inlet (namely, an opening A) of the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2 and is used for injecting the test oil sample into the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2, and the back pressure pump 4a is connected with an outlet (namely, an opening B) and a confining pressure opening (namely, an opening C) of the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2 and is used for pressurizing back pressure and confining pressure to the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2;
be provided with transparent observation window 10 on the casing front and back of high pressure visual printing opacity device 2, can visual asphaltene precipitation condition, the inside luminousness of observation window 10 around optical density appearance 1 is used for measuring, and high pressure visual printing opacity device 2 and high pressure intermediate reservoir 3 all set up in accuse temperature environment.
Example 2:
an experimental device for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is disclosed, as shown in embodiment 1, and is different in that a housing of a high-pressure visual light transmission device 2 comprises a stainless steel main structure 17, a stainless steel front cover and a stainless steel rear cover, through holes corresponding to the sizes of observation windows are formed in the stainless steel main structure 17, the stainless steel front cover and the stainless steel rear cover, the observation windows 10 are respectively positioned on the stainless steel front cover and the stainless steel rear cover, tempered glass 18 is arranged between the stainless steel main structure 17 and the stainless steel front cover and between the stainless steel main structure and the stainless steel rear cover, and the stainless steel front cover, the tempered glass, the stainless steel main structure 17, the tempered glass and the stainless steel rear cover are assembled together through a plurality of bolts and sealing rings, so that asphaltene precipitation is observed through the observation window 10, and the integral sealing performance of the high-pressure visual light transmission device 2 is realized;
a high-pressure glass tube 13 is arranged in the high-pressure visual light transmission device 2, the upper end and the lower end of the high-pressure glass tube 13 are respectively provided with an upstream tube orifice 12 and a downstream tube orifice 15, the upstream tube orifice 12 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure visual light transmission device, and the downstream tube orifice 15 is connected with the outlet of the high-pressure visual light transmission device;
the periphery of the high-pressure glass tube 13 is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is connected with a confining pressure port through a confining pressure pipe orifice 14 and is used for confining pressure on the high-pressure glass tube 13.
The high-pressure glass tube 13 of the present invention is rigid, and the purpose of confining pressure is mainly to maintain the same pressure inside and outside the high-pressure glass tube, and not to be directly applied on the test fluid, because the test fluid itself has very high pressure, the tube body will be broken when directly injected into the glass tube, and the same pressure needs to be applied outside the tube.
Example 3:
an experimental device for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is structurally shown in example 2, except that a black shading plate 9 is arranged on an observation window 10 to reduce the area of the observation window. Because the test light source of the densitometer 1 emits in a point shape, the coverage area is very small, natural light can influence the test result of the receiving end of the densitometer in the daytime, and the black light shielding plate is made of light absorption materials, so that the test error caused by the natural light is reduced as much as possible. The both sides of the visual printing opacity device of high pressure are provided with connecting rod 11, and this connecting rod 11 tip articulates on a steel structure support 16, and the visual printing opacity device 2 of high pressure can overturn around this steel structure support 16.
Example 4:
the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for test crude oil asphaltene separates out pressure, the structure is shown as embodiment 1, and the difference is that be provided with first manometer 7 on displacement pump 4b and the 3 connecting line of high-pressure intermediate vessel, be provided with second manometer 8 on the connecting line of back pressure pump 4a and the visual printing opacity device 2 of high pressure.
Example 5:
the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for test crude oil asphaltene separates out pressure, the structure is as shown in embodiment 1, and the difference is, is provided with valve 6 on the pipeline between high-pressure intermediate vessel 3 and the visual printing opacity device 2 of high pressure, and when valve 6 was opened, displacement pump 4b was linked together through high-pressure intermediate vessel 3 and the visual printing opacity device 2 of high pressure, and valve 6 closes the back, and displacement pump 4b only is used for the pressurization of high-pressure intermediate vessel 3.
The temperature controlled environment of this embodiment is an oven 5.
Example 6:
an experimental device for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is shown in example 1, and is different from the experimental device in that a test oil sample is a gas-containing oil sample, namely a formation oil sample prepared by a separator oil sample in an oil field according to a gas-oil ratio at a formation temperature and a formation pressure. The gas-oil ratio is an oilfield field parameter, and the preparation process can refer to the national standard GB/T26981-2011 oil and gas reservoir fluid physical property analysis method.
Example 7:
the experimental device for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is structurally shown in embodiment 1, and is different from the experimental device in that an optical density instrument 1 comprises a light emitting source end and a receiving end, during testing, the light emitting end is tightly attached to an observation window 10 in front of a shell of a high-pressure visible light transmission device, the receiving end is tightly attached to the observation window 10 behind the shell, and a test key is pressed to obtain a light transmission rate value.
Because the crude oil is a uniform and stable colloid system, the light transmittance is higher when a fixed light source irradiates; when the pressure is reduced and the asphaltene in the crude oil is flocculated, the diameter of asphaltene particles is increased, the scattering effect on light is enhanced, and the light transmittance is reduced.
The densitometer of the present invention may be implemented using existing equipment, without affecting the practice of the present invention, such as a commercially available LS117 densitometer.
Example 8:
an experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil comprises the following steps:
step 1: transferring the test oil sample into a high-pressure intermediate container 3 under the condition of formation pressure, wherein the operation process can refer to the national standard GB/T26981-2011 oil and gas reservoir fluid physical property analysis method, closing a valve 6, and pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a displacement pump 4 b;
step 2: setting the temperature of the constant temperature box 5 as the formation temperature, pressurizing the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2 to the formation pressure by using a back pressure pump 4a, and reading the pressure from a second pressure gauge;
and step 3: opening the valve 6, feeding the displacement pump 4b, withdrawing the return pump 4a, keeping the formation pressure, and injecting the test fluid (namely the oil sample to be tested) in the high-pressure intermediate container 3 into the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2;
and 4, step 4: after stabilization for 30min, fully shaking the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2 to enable the asphaltene to be uniformly distributed, testing the light transmittance by using an optical density meter 1, recording the current pressure and the light transmittance, wherein the pressure can be read out from a second pressure gauge 8, and the light transmittance can be read out from the optical density meter 1;
and 5: step 4 is repeated after step-size reduction is carried out, each time is carried out at 0.5MPa, and when the light transmittance is obviously changed, the step 4 is continuously repeated for a plurality of times;
step 6: and drawing a pressure-light transmittance relation curve according to the test result, namely the recorded pressure and light transmittance, wherein the first point on the curve, at which the light transmittance is obviously reduced, is an asphaltene precipitation pressure point.
The theoretical basis of steps 4, 5 and 6 is as follows: because the crude oil is a uniform and stable colloid system, the light transmittance is higher when a fixed light source irradiates; when the pressure is reduced and the asphaltene in the crude oil is flocculated, the diameter of asphaltene particles is increased, the scattering effect on light is enhanced, and the light transmittance is reduced.
Example 9:
an experimental method for testing asphaltene evolution pressure of crude oil, as shown in example 8, except that in step 4, the shaking mode is as follows: manually shaking the high-pressure visible light transmission device 2 to enable the high-pressure visible light transmission device to rotate around the steel structure support 16 by 360 degrees in front and back, wherein the preferred shaking time is 1min, so that the asphaltene is uniformly distributed;
the displacement pump 4b and the back pressure pump 4a are both hand pumps, when the medium step pressure is reduced in the step 5, the pressure is reduced by rotating the hand pumps, and the pressure value is read out through the second pressure gauge 8.
Example 10:
an experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is disclosed as example 8, except that in step 5, if the current transmittance value exceeds 5% of the average value of the previous transmittance values, the transmittance is determined to have an obvious change, and if the current transmittance value is within 5% of the average value of the previous transmittance values, the transmittance does not have an obvious change.
Example 11:
an experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is disclosed as example 8, except that the formation temperature is 80 ℃, the pressure is reduced from 16MPa to 8MPa, each time the pressure is reduced by 0.5MPa, the plotted pressure-transmittance relation curve is shown in FIG. 6, the arrow in the curve is an asphaltene precipitation pressure point, namely, the first point of significant decrease in transmittance, and the corresponding precipitation pressure is 12.5MPa.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An experimental device for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil is characterized by comprising a displacement pump, a back pressure pump, a high-pressure visible light transmission device, a high-pressure intermediate container and an optical density instrument;
the displacement pump is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure intermediate container and used for pressurizing the high-pressure intermediate container, a test oil sample is filled in the high-pressure intermediate container, an outlet of the high-pressure intermediate container is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure visible light transmission device and used for injecting the test oil sample into the high-pressure visible light transmission device, and the back pressure pump is connected with an outlet and a confining pressure port of the high-pressure visible light transmission device and used for pressurizing back pressure and confining pressure to the high-pressure visible light transmission device;
transparent observation windows are arranged on the front surface and the rear surface of a shell of the high-pressure visual light transmission device, the situation of asphaltene precipitation in crude oil can be visualized, the densitometer is used for measuring the light transmittance of the front observation window and the rear observation window, and the high-pressure visual light transmission device and the high-pressure intermediate container are both arranged in a temperature control environment;
the shell of the high-pressure visible light transmission device comprises a stainless steel main body structure, a stainless steel front cover and a stainless steel rear cover, through holes corresponding to the size of an observation window are formed in the stainless steel main body structure, the stainless steel front cover and the stainless steel rear cover respectively, tempered glass is arranged between the stainless steel main body structure and the stainless steel front cover and between the stainless steel main body structure and the stainless steel rear cover respectively, and the stainless steel front cover, the tempered glass, the stainless steel main body structure, the tempered glass and the stainless steel rear cover are assembled together through a plurality of bolts and sealing rings;
a high-pressure glass tube is arranged in the high-pressure visual light transmission device, the upper end and the lower end of the high-pressure glass tube are respectively provided with an upstream tube orifice and a downstream tube orifice, the upstream tube orifice is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure visual light transmission device, and the downstream tube orifice is connected with an outlet of the high-pressure visual light transmission device;
the periphery of the high-pressure glass tube is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is connected with a confining pressure port through a confining pressure pipe orifice and is used for confining pressure on the high-pressure glass tube;
a black light screen is arranged on the observation window;
connecting rods are arranged on two sides of the high-pressure visible light transmission device, the end parts of the connecting rods are hinged to a steel structure support, and the high-pressure visible light transmission device can turn over around the steel structure support;
an experimental method for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil comprises the following steps:
step 1: transferring an oil sample to be measured into a high-pressure intermediate container under the condition of formation pressure, closing a valve, and pressurizing to the formation pressure by using a displacement pump;
step 2: setting the temperature of the constant temperature box as the formation temperature, and pressurizing the high-pressure visible light transmission device to the formation pressure by using a back pressure pump;
and 3, step 3: opening a valve, displacing a pump to enter the pump, back-pressing the pump to withdraw the pump, keeping the formation pressure, and injecting the test fluid in the high-pressure intermediate container into the high-pressure visible light transmission device;
and 4, step 4: after stabilizing for 20-40min, fully shaking the high-pressure visible light transmission device to enable the asphaltene to be uniformly distributed, testing the light transmittance by using an optical density instrument, and recording the current pressure and the light transmittance;
and 5: step 4 is repeated after step-size reduction is carried out, each time is carried out at 0.5MPa, and when the light transmittance is obviously changed, the step 4 is continuously repeated for a plurality of times;
step 6: drawing a pressure-transmittance relation curve according to a test result, namely the recorded pressure and transmittance, wherein the first point on the curve, at which the transmittance obviously decreases, is an asphaltene precipitation pressure point;
in step 4, the shaking mode is as follows: manually shaking the high-pressure visible light transmission device to enable the high-pressure visible light transmission device to rotate around the steel structure bracket by 360 degrees forwards and backwards, wherein the shaking time is 1min, so that the asphaltene is uniformly distributed;
the displacement pump and the back pressure pump are both hand-operated pumps, when the medium step pressure is reduced in the step 5, the pressure is reduced by rotating the hand-operated pumps, and the pressure value is read by a second pressure gauge;
in step 5, if the light transmittance value of this time is more than 5% of the average value of the light transmittance values of the previous times, the light transmittance is determined to have obvious change, and if the light transmittance value of this time is within 5% of the average value of the light transmittance values of the previous times, the light transmittance does not have obvious change.
2. The experimental facility for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil according to claim 1, wherein a first pressure gauge is arranged on a connecting line between the displacement pump and the high-pressure intermediate vessel, and a second pressure gauge is arranged on a connecting line between the back-pressure pump and the high-pressure visible light transmission device.
3. The experimental facility for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil according to claim 1, wherein a valve is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure intermediate container and the high-pressure visible light transmission device, when the valve is opened, the displacement pump is communicated with the high-pressure visible light transmission device through the high-pressure intermediate container, and when the valve is closed, the displacement pump is only used for pressurizing the high-pressure intermediate container;
the temperature control environment is a thermostat.
4. The experimental facility for testing the asphaltene precipitation pressure of crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the test oil sample is a gas-containing oil sample, i.e. a formation oil sample prepared by a separator oil sample at an oilfield site according to a gas-oil ratio at a formation temperature and a formation pressure.
5. The experimental apparatus for testing asphaltene precipitation pressure in crude oil of claim 1, wherein the densitometer comprises a light emitting source end and a receiving end, wherein the light emitting source end is aligned with the observation window in front of the housing of the high pressure visible light transmission device during the test, and the receiving end is tightly attached to the observation window behind the housing, and the transmittance value can be obtained by pressing down the test key.
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