CN112198025B - Test method for plugging rock cracks based on microbial grouting technology - Google Patents
Test method for plugging rock cracks based on microbial grouting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112198025B CN112198025B CN202011052863.5A CN202011052863A CN112198025B CN 112198025 B CN112198025 B CN 112198025B CN 202011052863 A CN202011052863 A CN 202011052863A CN 112198025 B CN112198025 B CN 112198025B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004911 serous fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for plugging rock cracks based on a microbial grouting technology, which belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: taking a rock sample with cracks, taking the through surface of the cracks as a base plane, drilling and coring on the rock sample along the direction vertical to the base plane to form grouting holes, wherein the grouting holes are communicated with the cracks; step two: injecting grout with a set volume into the grouting hole, and finishing one round of injection after the grout seepage is set for a set time; step three: repeating the second step until the liquid surface in the grouting hole does not drop any more; step four: maintaining the rock sample; step five: and drilling and coring again at the position avoiding the grouting hole on the rock sample, wherein the drilling depth exceeds the base surface, obtaining a rock core sample, and analyzing the crack filling condition on the rock core sample. The grouting holes are used for grouting into the cracks, so that the grouting device is suitable for the cracks hidden in the rock and the horizontally extending cracks, and can be used for working conditions of large rock volume and long crack extension.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a test method for plugging rock cracks based on a microbial grouting technology.
Background
The underground oil storage cavern is one of important ways for storing energy due to small occupied area and small pollution. The underground oil storage cave depot must have the conditions of sealing and stability so as to ensure that oil products are safely stored without leakage and volatilization. However, due to the long-term exposure to groundwater levels and the influence of the moist environment in the hole, the fissure water penetrates into the hole to varying degrees, which has a very adverse effect on the storage and safety of materials in the hole.
In order to improve the tightness of the cave depot, grouting and plugging are needed to be carried out on rock fractures. The existing plugging seepage-proofing method mainly comprises grouting, and commonly used grouting materials comprise cement grout and cement-water glass grout. The water-cement ratio of the slurry is different in the grouting work, so that the flowability of the slurry is different. When a large water-cement ratio is required, the fluidity of the slurry in the cracks is poor, grouting cannot be smoothly performed, and grouting pressure needs to be increased. But the grouting pressure is continuously increased, so that the integrity of the rock mass is easily damaged, and the fracture width is further increased. The manner of cement grouting has certain limitations.
With the rapid development of the microorganism grouting technology, urea is hydrolyzed by urease secreted by microorganisms to generate ammonium and carbonate, the ammonium and carbonate are combined with calcium ions supplied from the outside to generate calcium carbonate precipitates, and the generated calcium carbonate precipitates can be attached to the inside of rock cracks to fill and plug the cracks.
In the prior art, during grouting, microorganism slurry is directly poured into a crack of a rock, the mode is only suitable for the condition that the crack penetrates through the outer surface of the rock and can be seen by naked eyes, and the crack extends along the vertical direction approximately, is not suitable for the crack hidden in the rock and the horizontally extending crack, and has narrow application range. In addition, the rock volume is great in the actual operating mode, the fracture extends very long, from the mode of fracture one end slip casting, and the thick liquid solidifies easily in the fracture, can not flow to the other end of fracture smoothly, does not reach the effect of complete filling and shutoff fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test method for plugging a rock fracture based on a microbial grouting technology, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a mode of directly grouting into the fracture has a narrow application range and is not suitable for the actual working condition with a large fracture.
As the conception, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a test method for plugging rock cracks based on a microbial grouting technology comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a rock sample with cracks, taking a through surface of the cracks as a base plane, and drilling and coring the rock sample along a direction vertical to the base plane to form grouting holes, wherein the grouting holes are communicated with the cracks;
step two: injecting grout with a set volume into the grouting hole, and completing one injection after the grout seepage is set for a set time;
step three: repeating the second step until the liquid surface in the grouting hole does not drop any more;
step four: maintaining the rock sample;
step five: and drilling and coring again at the position avoiding the grouting hole on the rock sample, wherein the drilling depth exceeds the base plane, obtaining a core sample, and analyzing the fracture filling condition on the core sample.
In the second step, firstly, the mixed liquid of the bacteria liquid and the stationary liquid is injected with a first set volume, after the first set duration of seepage, the nutrient liquid is injected with a second set volume, and after the second set duration of seepage, one round of injection is completed.
Wherein the stationary liquid is CaCl with the concentration of 0.05mol/L2And (3) solution.
Wherein the first set volume is equal to the second set volume.
In the third step, each time step two is repeated, the first set time length and the second set time length are prolonged compared with the last time.
The grouting holes are blind holes, and the bottoms of the grouting holes are lower than the cracks.
In the second step, after the set time of slurry seepage, the slurry remained in the position lower than the crack in the grouting hole is sucked out every time the slurry is injected once.
Wherein, after step one, before step two, still include:
and injecting water into the grouting holes until the water level does not fall down, filling the water into the grouting holes when the water level does not fall down, and recording the first time length required by the water in the grouting holes after seepage is finished.
Wherein, after the third step and before the fourth step, the method further comprises the following steps:
sucking out residual slurry in the grouting holes;
after the step four and before the step five, the method further comprises the following steps:
and filling water into the grouting holes, and recording a second time length required by the completion of water seepage in the grouting holes.
And when the second time length is longer than the maximum set time length, sucking out residual water in the grouting hole and plugging the grouting hole by using cement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the test method for plugging the rock cracks based on the microbial grouting technology, the rock sample with cracks is taken, the surface through which the cracks penetrate is taken as a base plane, the rock sample is drilled and cored along the direction vertical to the base plane to form the grouting hole, the grouting hole is communicated with the cracks, and grout is injected into the grouting hole instead of directly injecting the grout into the cracks, so that the test method is suitable for the cracks hidden in the rock and the cracks extending horizontally, and has a wider application range. For the working conditions that the rock volume is large and the fracture extends for a long time, a plurality of grouting holes can be formed in the rock at intervals so as to divide the large fracture into a plurality of areas for grouting plugging, and the aims of completely filling and plugging the fracture can be achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing device for plugging rock fractures based on a microbial grouting technology according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
11. a rubber plug; 12. a liquid bottle; 13. a peristaltic pump; 14. a rubber tube;
21. cracking; 22. and (4) grouting holes.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test apparatus for plugging a rock fracture based on a microbial grouting technique, which performs a plugging test on the rock fracture based on the microbial grouting technique, and includes a rubber stopper 11, a liquid bottle 12, a peristaltic pump 13, and a rubber tube 14. The grouting holes 22 are formed in the rock sample, the grouting holes 22 are communicated with the cracks 21, the rubber plug 11 is arranged at the opening of the grouting holes 22, and the rubber plug 11 is provided with through holes which are convenient to connect with the rubber tube 14. The liquid bottle 12 is used for containing serous fluid such as bacteria liquid, stationary liquid, nutrient solution, etc., and the peristaltic pump 13 injects the serous fluid in the liquid bottle 12 into the grouting hole 22 through the rubber tube 14.
The size of the liquid bottle 12 is not limited and may be selected according to actual needs. The peristaltic pump 13 is of a conventional structure and will not be described in detail herein; the liquid such as bacteria liquid, stationary liquid, nutrient solution and the like is the liquid commonly used in the microorganism grouting technology.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a test method for plugging rock cracks based on the microbial grouting technology, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a rock sample with a crack 21, taking the surface through which the crack 21 runs as a base surface, drilling and coring on the rock sample along the direction vertical to the base surface to form a grouting hole 22, wherein the grouting hole 22 is communicated with the crack 21;
step two: injecting the slurry with a set volume into the slurry injection hole 22, and completing one round of injection after the slurry seepage is set for a set time;
step three: repeating the second step until the liquid surface in the grouting hole 22 does not drop any more;
step four: maintaining the rock sample;
step five: and (4) drilling and coring are carried out again at the position on the rock sample, which avoids the grouting hole 22, the drilling depth exceeds the base surface, a core sample is obtained, and the filling condition of the crack 21 on the core sample is analyzed.
The grouting into the fracture 21 of the rock through the grouting hole 22 instead of directly injecting the grout into the fracture 21 can be applied to the fracture 21 hidden in the rock and the horizontally extending fracture 21, and the application range is wider. For the working conditions that the rock volume is large and the crack 21 extends very long, a plurality of grouting holes 22 can be formed in the rock at intervals so as to divide the large crack 21 into a plurality of areas for grouting plugging, and the purpose of completely filling and plugging the crack 21 can be achieved.
In step one, the selected rock sample has a natural fracture 21, and the width of the fracture 21 is about 2.0mm, which belongs to a micro-expansive fracture and is convenient for the test. The diameter of the drilled hole is not limited and may be set according to the actual situation, for example, 32.0 mm.
The rubber stopper 11 is arranged at the opening of the grouting hole 22, the through hole on the rubber stopper 11 is connected with the rubber tube 14, and the peristaltic pump 13 can inject the grout in the liquid bottle 12 into the grouting hole 22 through the rubber tube 14.
The grouting holes 22 are blind holes, and the bottoms of the grouting holes 22 are lower than the cracks 21. The distance of the fracture 21 from the surface of the rock sample before drilling is not accurately known and therefore the depth of the hole is not accurately drilled. When drilling, a section of drill is needed firstly, then coring is carried out to observe whether the drill reaches the position of the crack 21, if the drill does not reach the crack 21, the drill is further carried out downwards for a section, and then observation is carried out until the crack 21 exists in the coring, so that the depth of the drill hole is lower than the crack 21 in general.
In actual conditions, to the rock volume great, the very long operating mode of crack 21 extension, can set up a plurality of injected holes 22 at the interval on the rock, a peristaltic pump 13 can be shared to a plurality of injected holes 22, and peristaltic pump 13 has a plurality of input ports and delivery outlet promptly to slip casting in a plurality of injected holes 22 simultaneously, improve slip casting efficiency.
In the second step, the first set volume of the mixed liquid of the bacteria liquid and the stationary liquid is injected firstly, the second set volume of the nutrient solution is injected after the first set time of seepage, and the first round of injection is completed after the second set time of seepage.
The stationary liquid is CaCl with the concentration of 0.05mol/L2And (3) solution. The purpose of adding the fixing liquid to the bacterial liquid is to allow the bacterial liquid to uniformly adhere to the surface of the cracks 21 of the rock and to prevent excessive loss of microbial cells. Since the bacteria solution added with the stationary solution is easy to precipitate, the liquid bottle 12 for holding the bacteria solution needs to be shaken once every one minute in the bacteria solution injection process.
The components of the bacteria solution and the nutrient solution are not limited, and the aim of the prior art is to enable calcium carbonate precipitation to be generated in the crack 21.
The grouting speed is uniform, so that the slurry slowly and sufficiently contacts the crack 21. In this embodiment, the grouting speed may be 3.0ml/min, or may be set according to actual conditions.
The first set period of time and the second set period of time are spaced apart to allow sufficient contact of the slurry with the surface of the fracture 21. The first set volume and the second set volume may be set according to actual needs, and are not limited herein. In this embodiment, the first set volume and the second set volume are equal and are each 500 ml.
In the second step, after the slurry seepage is set for a set time, the slurry remained in the position lower than the crack 21 in the grouting hole 22 is sucked out to prevent different slurries from mixing. For example, after injecting a mixed liquid of a bacteria liquid and a fixing liquid in a first set volume and performing seepage for a first set time, the residual slurry in the position below the crack 21 in the grouting hole 22 is sucked out, then injecting a nutrient liquid in a second set volume, and after performing seepage for a second set time, the residual slurry in the position below the crack 21 in the grouting hole 22 is sucked out.
In the third step, each time step two is repeated, the first set time length and the second set time length are prolonged compared with the last time. The first set period and the second set period are extended because as the number of times of grouting increases, gradually produced precipitates cause the seepage capability of the fracture 21 to be weakened, requiring a longer time for seepage.
In order to facilitate observation of the fracture 21 plugging condition, water is injected before and after grouting, and the seepage conditions of the water injection before and after grouting are compared.
After the first step and before the second step, the method further comprises the following steps:
and injecting water into the grouting holes 22 until the water does not flow through the cracks 21, considering that the cracks 21 are filled with the water when the liquid level does not drop any more, filling the water into the grouting holes 22 at the moment, enabling the water in the grouting holes 22 to seep under the action of gravity, and recording the first time length required by the water in the grouting holes 22 to seep completely.
After the third step and before the fourth step, the method further comprises the following steps:
sucking out residual slurry in the grouting holes 22;
after the step four and before the step five, the method further comprises the following steps:
the grout holes 22 are filled with water and the second time period required for the water in the grout holes 22 to seep out is recorded. At this time, the crack 21 is already blocked, and the water in the grouting hole 22 is difficult to seep, that is, the second time period is longer than the first time period, but some tiny pores may exist on the rock, so that the liquid level of the water in the grouting hole 22 may drop, and here, it can be considered that when the second time period is N times of the first time period, the blocking effect is better, where N has a certain value range, which is not limited herein.
Optionally, when the second time period is longer than the maximum set time period, the residual water in the grouting holes 22 is sucked out and the grouting holes 22 are sealed by cement, and at this time, the grout is considered to have a good effect of sealing the cracks 21. The maximum set time length can be set according to actual needs.
In step four, the time period for maintaining the rock sample is not limited, and may be 7 days. In the fifth step, the plugging condition of the crack 21 by the microorganism grouting technology can be known by analyzing the filling condition of the crack 21 on the core sample, namely observing the distribution of microorganism production.
In summary, the grouting holes 22 are formed in the rock, and the cracks 21 are grouted through the grouting holes 22, so that the grouting device is applicable to the cracks 21 hidden in the rock and the horizontally extending cracks 21, is also applicable to working conditions that the rock volume is large and the cracks 21 extend for a long time, and is wide in application range.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A test method for plugging rock cracks based on a microbial grouting technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a rock sample with cracks, taking a through surface of the cracks as a base plane, and drilling and coring the rock sample along a direction vertical to the base plane to form grouting holes, wherein the grouting holes are communicated with the cracks;
step two: injecting grout with a set volume into the grouting hole, and completing one injection after the grout seepage is set for a set time;
step three: repeating the second step until the liquid surface in the grouting hole does not drop any more;
step four: maintaining the rock sample;
step five: drilling and coring again at the position on the rock sample avoiding the grouting hole, wherein the drilling depth exceeds the base plane, obtaining a rock core sample, and analyzing the fracture filling condition on the rock core sample;
after the first step and before the second step, the method further comprises the following steps:
injecting water into the grouting holes until the water level does not fall down, filling the water into the grouting holes when the liquid level does not fall down, and recording first time length required by the completion of water seepage in the grouting holes;
after the third step and before the fourth step, the method further comprises the following steps:
sucking out residual slurry in the grouting holes;
after the step four and before the step five, the method further comprises the following steps:
filling water into the grouting holes, and recording a second time length required by the completion of water seepage in the grouting holes;
and when the second time length is longer than the maximum set time length, sucking out residual water in the grouting hole and plugging the grouting hole by using cement.
2. The test method for plugging rock cracks based on the microbial grouting technology of claim 1, wherein in the second step, a mixed solution of a bacteria solution and a fixing solution is injected for a first set volume, a nutrient solution is injected for a second set volume after a first set time of seepage, and a round of injection is completed after a second set time of seepage.
3. The test method for plugging rock fractures based on microbial grouting technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fixing liquid is CaCl with a concentration of 0.05mol/L2And (3) solution.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first set volume is equal to the second set volume.
5. The method for testing the plugging of rock fractures based on microbial grouting of claim 2, wherein in step three, each time step two is repeated, the first set time length and the second set time length are prolonged than the last time.
6. The test method for plugging rock fractures based on microbial grouting technology according to claim 1, wherein the grouting holes are blind holes, and the bottoms of the grouting holes are lower than the fractures.
7. The test method for plugging rock cracks based on the microbial grouting technology of claim 6, wherein in the second step, after the set time of grout seepage, the residual grout in the grouting holes below the cracks is sucked out every time grout is injected.
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| CN115821888B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-07-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Repair method of sea corrosion column |
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| CN204865117U (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-16 | 昌邑海洋水业有限公司 | Emptier is prevented blockking up by aeration grit chamber |
| CN110952953A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-04-03 | 安徽建筑大学 | Pressure-maintaining plugging device for horizontal directional drilling hole and water burst treatment method using same |
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