CN112197855A - Integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environment vibration signals - Google Patents
Integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environment vibration signals Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environment vibration signals, which is assembled in a modular mode, and each functional component is relatively independent; the sensor is packaged into an integral structure, a plurality of sensors are arranged in the sensor, three-axis sensing, acquisition, storage and power supply are integrated, and the sensor is used for realizing synchronous acquisition of weak environmental vibration signals in three orthogonal directions. The invention has the advantages of small volume, light weight and portability, the whole process of data acquisition at the specified measuring point of the structure can be independently finished by a single device, and no human intervention is needed except for moving the measuring point in the testing process, thereby effectively avoiding complicated wire equipment connection wiring and consumption of a large amount of related human resources in the field testing process, and meanwhile, the device can realize unattended long-term monitoring under the condition of an external power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, relates to environmental signal monitoring, and particularly relates to an integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environmental vibration signals.
Background
Large civil engineering structures (such as large-span bridges, super high-rise buildings and the like) are susceptible to various factors during the service period to cause fatigue damage, and when the damage is accumulated to a certain extent, the structures can be wholly or partially damaged, so that catastrophic accidents can be caused, and serious casualties and huge economic and property losses are caused.
The data acquisition and storage system is a core component of the whole structural health monitoring system, and the key premise of success or failure of structural health monitoring is to acquire enough high-quality monitoring data. The large civil engineering structure is a spatial three-dimensional structure system with high flexibility and low self-vibration frequency, low-frequency weak components in dynamic response signals are dominant under environmental excitation, a traditional laboratory-level single-shaft sensor and a wired acquisition mode are generally insufficient for on-site acquisition of the low-frequency weak signals, the monitoring cost is limited, a sufficient number of expensive low-frequency high-sensitivity sensors and matched acquisition and storage software and hardware are lacked, and the acquisition of sufficient high-quality low-frequency environmental vibration signals reflecting three-dimensional spatial information of the structure is difficult to ensure. Therefore, a low-cost, high-low-frequency resolution and three-axis spatial acquisition and storage integrated device for monitoring the environmental vibration signals of the large-scale spatial structure is urgently needed to be developed.
The main problems and deficiencies in the prior art include:
the chinese patent application No. 201210056339.4 discloses a sensor system for civil engineering structure health monitoring, comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module, a filtering amplification circuit, a data processing module, a communication module and a power supply module; chinese utility model patent with application number "201220062275.4" discloses an acquisition module for gathering civil engineering structure physical quantity, include: the system comprises an acceleration sensor for acquiring an acceleration physical quantity of the civil engineering structure, a temperature sensor for acquiring a temperature physical quantity of the civil engineering structure, and a conversion interface for receiving a signal containing the strain physical quantity of the civil engineering structure acquired by an external strain sensor; the patent of chinese utility model with application number "201020660885.5" discloses a self calibration triaxial vibration monitoring and environmental monitoring collection system, comprises a set of vibration monitoring module, temperature compensation module, environmental monitoring module and signal conditioning module. Firstly, the series of patent acquisition devices are packaged in a non-integrated mode and are powered by an external power supply device, so that the integrity and the mobility of the series of patent acquisition devices are poor, the series of patent acquisition devices lack firmness and waterproofness, the environment influence of a test field is large, and the field adaptability is low; secondly, the device does not have a real-time data storage function, the reliability of signal acquisition after power failure is difficult to guarantee, and meanwhile, the adopted wireless data transmission technology generally has the problem of packet loss, so that the integrity and the reliability of data acquisition are influenced; in addition, the device adopts an acceleration sensor ADXL335 based on a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS), the acceleration sensor is generally low in price, belongs to a general sensor, and is widely applied to the field of non-professional signal acquisition such as cost-sensitive mobile equipment, game systems and disk drive protection, but the frequency band range is too wide, the low-frequency resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio are low, and the requirements of high resolution and high sensitivity on weak low-frequency response signals and ground pulse signal induction under the excitation condition of a large civil engineering structure environment cannot be met.
The Chinese invention patent with the application number of '201510632737. X' discloses a signal integrated acquisition device and a method, the content of the patent is completely different from the technical concept and application, the signal integrated acquisition device is applied to space geographic information system acquisition, and cannot be suitable for monitoring weak environment vibration signals and ground pulsation signals of large civil engineering structures.
The chinese patent application No. 201810991329.7 discloses a device of an ambient vibration energy collecting and storing system, which is completely different from the present technology in concept and use, and its function is to collect the energy of structural vibration by using the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, and convert the mechanical energy of vibration into electric energy and output it.
A paper published in Jiang Shi, Chen Yu Ling, Schyan Peak and the like, namely a three-axis vibration sensor design (sensor and microsystems, No. 34, No. 5 in 2015, 106 plus materials 109), only designs a three-axis sensor, has no other matched equipment, has too wide frequency band range and low-frequency resolution, and cannot be suitable for collecting ultra-low-frequency weak environment vibration signals.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environment vibration signals, which has the advantages of small volume, light weight and portability in moving.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environment vibration signals is assembled in a modular mode, and each functional component is relatively independent; the sensor is packaged into an integral structure, a plurality of sensors are arranged in the sensor, three-axis sensing, acquisition, storage and power supply are integrated, and the sensor is used for realizing synchronous acquisition of weak environmental vibration signals in three orthogonal directions.
Further, the device comprises a handle, a handle screw, a top plate screw, a top plate sealing ring, a cylinder body, a bottom plate sealing ring, a bottom plate screw, a network interface, a charging interface, an indicator lamp, a level bubble, a power key, a branching adapter plate, a main board, an acquisition card, a rechargeable battery, a charging protection circuit, a three-axis sensor and a flat cable; the cylinder body is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the handle is fixedly connected with the top plate through a handle screw; the top plate, the top plate sealing ring and the cylinder body are fixedly connected through top plate screws; the bottom plate, the bottom plate sealing ring and the cylinder body are fixedly connected through bottom plate screws; the network interface, the charging interface, the indicator light, the level bubble and the power key are all embedded into the top plate in a drilling mode, and all the connecting wires are connected through the wire distributing adapter plate and are transmitted downwards through the flat cables; the main board and the acquisition card are sequentially positioned below the branching adapter plate, and communication among the main board and the acquisition card and communication connection among the triaxial sensor, the rechargeable battery and the charging protection circuit are realized through a flat cable; and the rechargeable battery, the charging protection circuit and the three-axis sensor are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner surface of the bottom plate.
Preferably, the adjustable support leg is embedded into the bottom plate through threads.
Preferably, the device also comprises an inner column and a horizontal clapboard, wherein the horizontal clapboard is positioned among the branching adapter plate, the mainboard and the acquisition card and is used for separating the branching adapter plate, the mainboard, the acquisition card, the rechargeable battery, the charging protection circuit and the three-axis sensor, and the horizontal clapboard is fastened and supported through the inner column.
Preferably, the network interface is an RJ-45 network interface.
Preferably, the vial is positioned at a center of the top plate.
Preferably, the top plate screw and the bottom plate screw are high-strength screws.
Preferably, the top plate, the cylinder body and the bottom plate are all made of high-strength aluminum alloy; and the network interface, the charging interface, the indicator light, the level bubble and the power key are all designed to be waterproof.
Preferably, the three-axis sensor comprises three piezoelectric low-frequency acceleration sensors with the same specification, namely a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor; the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor are assembled and fastened together in a pairwise mutually perpendicular mode and are respectively used for sensing vertical, horizontal and lateral environmental vibration signals.
Preferably, the first sensor comprises a shell, a mass block, a foundation, a top signal output interface, a pre-pressing spring, a piezoelectric unit, a bolt and a bottom mounting internal thread; the shell is positioned above the foundation, and the bolt is positioned in the center of the interior of the shell; the prepressing spring, the mass block and the piezoelectric unit are sequentially positioned on the periphery of the bolt from top to bottom; the top signal output interface is positioned at the top of the shell, and the bottom mounting internal thread is positioned at the bottom center of the foundation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device has high integration level. The device is an integrally packaged independent acquisition node integrating three-axis sensing, acquisition, storage and power supply, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight and portability in movement, a single device can independently complete the whole data acquisition process of a structural designated measuring point, and no manual intervention is needed except for moving the measuring point in the testing process, so that complicated wire equipment connection wiring and a large amount of related human resource consumption in the field testing process are effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the device can realize unattended long-term monitoring under the condition of an external power supply.
(2) The device has low cost and reliable performance. The device is designed and assembled in a fully modular mode, main functional parts are relatively independent, the parts are convenient to maintain, replace and upgrade, the overall cost can be well controlled, and the device is suitable for modular production and assembly and is applied in a large quantity; the equipment is packaged by adopting a high-strength aluminum alloy shell, so that the equipment is good in integrity, strong in external force deformation resistance, firm and durable; meanwhile, waterproof sealing rings and high-strength bolts are arranged at joints of the shell, and all the functional interfaces, the buttons and the state indicator lamps are of waterproof design, so that the device is particularly suitable for all-weather uninterrupted monitoring in outdoor or field severe environments and has reliable performance; meanwhile, the device has the function of automatic power-off storage, so that the acquired data cannot be lost due to the power exhaustion of the built-in battery, and the safety and reliability of data acquisition are ensured.
(3) The device has wide application range. The device is internally provided with the low-frequency high-sensitivity low-noise acceleration sensor, and has wide application range; the device can be applied to monitoring low-frequency environmental vibration signals of large civil engineering structures, can also monitor weak ground pulsation signals, and is applied to the fields of low-vibration-level and ultralow-frequency vibration monitoring engineering, such as earthquake monitoring and early warning, ground and foundation vibration monitoring and the like.
(4) The device is very simple and convenient to operate. The device is manually opened and closed by one key, only two keys are needed to be pressed in the whole data acquisition process, namely, before the test is started, the first key is pressed, the system is started, and after the initialization is finished, signals can be automatically acquired according to the preset sampling frequency and data can be synchronously stored; after the test is finished, the key is pressed for the second time, the system is closed, the signal acquisition and the data recording are correspondingly stopped, and the operation is very convenient; in addition, this device top still has high strength handle, conveniently carries and removes the measurement.
(5) The device integrates a three-axis sensor. The device integrates three single-shaft high-precision and ultralow-frequency acceleration sensors into a three-shaft sensor, so that high-quality synchronous acquisition of structural horizontal, vertical and lateral weak environment vibration response signals is realized, and the complete three-shaft response signals are of great importance to the overall monitoring and health assessment of the large civil engineering structure.
(6) The device has rich interfaces. The device is provided with two functional interfaces, a state indicator light and a power supply key, wherein the charging interface realizes the charging of a built-in battery, the network cable interface is responsible for online equipment parameter setting and storage data derivation, the state indicator light indicates the current working state of the equipment, and the power supply key is responsible for manual starting and stopping.
(7) The device has a leveling function. This device top cap is from taking the air level, through the knob of three stabilizer blade department in adjusting equipment bottom, makes the air level placed between two parties, can make equipment adaptation slope or uneven ground, guarantees measuring result's precision and reliability.
(8) The power supply mode of the device is flexible. The device is internally provided with a high-capacity rechargeable battery to independently supply power to the whole acquisition system, so that long-time endurance of the device is ensured, and the requirement of single or multiple field tests is met under the condition of no external power supply; the device can realize long-term continuous monitoring under the condition of an external power supply.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environmental vibration signals provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-axis sensor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor.
Fig. 4 is an analysis result of data collected on the spot by using the device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a handle; 2. a handle screw; 3. a top plate; 4. a roof screw; 5. a top plate sealing ring; 6. a barrel body; 7. a base plate; 8. a bottom plate seal ring; 9. a baseplate screw; 10. an adjustable support leg; 11. a network interface; 12. a charging interface; 13. an indicator light; 14. a level bubble; 15. a power key; 16. a branching adapter plate; 17. a main board; 18. collecting cards; 19. a rechargeable battery and a charging protection circuit; 20. a three-axis sensor; 21. arranging wires; 22. an inner column; 23. a horizontal partition plate; 201. a first sensor; 202. a second sensor; 203. a third sensor; 2011. a housing; 2012. a mass block; 2013. a foundation; 2014. a top signal output interface; 2015. pre-pressing a spring; 2016. a piezoelectric unit; 2017. a bolt; 2018. the bottom is provided with internal threads.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environmental vibration signals, which comprises a handle 1, a handle screw 2, a top plate 3, a top plate screw 4, a top plate sealing ring 5, a barrel body 6, a bottom plate 7, a bottom plate sealing ring 8, a bottom plate screw 9, an adjustable supporting leg 10, an RJ-45 network interface 11, a charging interface 12, an indicator light 13, a level bubble 14, a power key 15, a branching adapter plate 16, a main board 17, an acquisition card 18, a rechargeable battery and charging protection circuit 19, a triaxial sensor 20, a flat cable 21, an inner column 22 and a horizontal partition plate 23; the main connection mode is as follows:
the handle 1 is tightly connected with the top plate 3 through a handle screw 2; the top plate 3, the top plate sealing ring 5 and the barrel body 6 are tightly connected through a top plate screw 4; the bottom plate 7, the bottom plate sealing ring 8 and the barrel body 6 are tightly connected through a bottom plate screw 9; the adjustable supporting feet 10 are embedded into the bottom plate 7 through threads; the RJ-45 network interface 11, the charging interface 12, the indicator light 13, the power key 15 and the air level 14 are embedded into the top plate 3 in a drilling mode, and all wiring is connected through the wire distributing adapter plate 16 and transmitted downwards through the flat cable 21; the rechargeable battery and the charging protection circuit 19 are fixedly connected with the inner surface of the bottom plate 7; the three-axis sensor 20 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the bottom plate 7; the branching adapter plate 16, the main board 17 and the acquisition card 18 are supported by the horizontal partition plate 23 and the inner column 22, and are in communication with each other and the triaxial sensor 20 and the rechargeable battery and the charge protection circuit 19 through the flat cable 21.
The three-axis sensor 20 is formed by assembling and fastening 3 piezoelectric acceleration sensors (a first sensor 201, a second sensor 202, and a third sensor 203) with the same specification, high precision, and ultra-low frequency in a mutually perpendicular manner in pairs according to the form shown in fig. 2, and respectively senses environmental vibration response signals in the vertical direction (Z direction), the horizontal direction (X direction), and the lateral direction (Y direction).
Further, a schematic structure of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor is shown in fig. 3, taking a sensor 201 as an example, and the main components are as follows: housing 2011, mass 2012, base 2013, top signal output port 2014, pre-compression spring 2015, piezoelectric unit 2016, bolt 2017, and bottom-mounted internal threads 2018. The sensing element of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor is made of piezoelectric materials, the stress of the piezoelectric materials is converted into surface charges by utilizing the positive piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric crystals, and the charges are amplified by a charge amplifier and a measuring circuit and converted into impedance to be output in direct proportion to the electric quantity of external force, so that the vibration acceleration signal is measured. Its advantages are high sensitivity, high S/N ratio, simple structure, high reliability and light weight. The device adopts a piezoelectric acceleration transducer with ultralow frequency, high sensitivity and low noise.
The typical method of operation of the present apparatus is as follows:
(1) the device is fully charged by an external power supply through the charging interface 12.
(2) The device is leveled by placing it at the designated station position, adjusting the three adjustable feet 10 at its bottom and simultaneously observing the top level bubble 14.
(3) Pressing power key 15 starts the main system, status indicator 13 continues to light red, after the internal acquisition program starts and the initialization is finished, signal acquisition and synchronous storage begin, and at this moment, status indicator 13 continues to light green.
(4) After the current measuring point is collected for a long enough time, the device is lifted by the handle 1, the device is moved to the next measuring point, the equipment is leveled again, and the collection is continued.
(5) After the collection is finished, the power key 15 is pressed to close the collection system, the collected data is automatically recorded in the storage device, and the status indicator lamp 13 is turned off.
(6) The computer is started again by pressing a power key 15, the computer is directly connected with the RJ-45 network interface 11 of the device through a network cable, and data are led out from the device to the computer; or directly exporting data for data quality pre-check without closing the system after the acquisition is finished; in addition, the acquisition frequency of the device can also be preset online through the RJ-45 network interface 11.
(7) The power key 15 is pressed to shut down the apparatus again, and the apparatus is put into a box to be stored for the next measurement.
Examples
In order to verify the practical application performance of the device, the device is utilized to carry out field measurement on a vibration response signal of a large-span steel structure pedestrian bridge in Wuhan under environmental excitation according to the operation steps, a measuring point is selected to be close to the middle of a bridge span, the sampling frequency is set to be 125Hz, about 12 minutes are continuously recorded, and further, Complex Mode Indication Function (CMIF) analysis is carried out on three-channel measurement data derived by the device, and the analysis result is shown in figure 4. It is obvious from the figure that the low-frequency components of the signals are quite rich, the low-frequency peak value energy is clear, and the signal-to-noise ratio is high, so that the excellent low-frequency sensitivity and resolution of the device are revealed, and the device can provide a reliable and low-cost solution for long-term health monitoring and earthquake micromotion monitoring of large civil engineering structures.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a low frequency environment vibration signal's integration triaxial acquisition storage device which characterized in that: the device is assembled in a modular mode, and all functional parts are relatively independent; the sensor is packaged into an integral structure, a plurality of sensors are arranged in the sensor, three-axis sensing, acquisition, storage and power supply are integrated, and the sensor is used for realizing synchronous acquisition of weak environmental vibration signals in three orthogonal directions.
2. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a handle (1), a handle screw (2), a top plate (3), a top plate screw (4), a top plate sealing ring (5), a barrel body (6), a bottom plate (7), a bottom plate sealing ring (8), a bottom plate screw (9), a network interface (11), a charging interface (12), an indicator lamp (13), a level bubble (14), a power key (15), a branching adapter plate (16), a mainboard (17), an acquisition card (18), a rechargeable battery and charging protection circuit (19), a triaxial sensor (20) and a flat cable (21); the cylinder body (6) is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the handle (1) is fixedly connected with the top plate (3) through a handle screw (2); the top plate (3), the top plate sealing ring (5) and the barrel body (6) are fixedly connected through a top plate screw (4); the bottom plate (7), the bottom plate sealing ring (8) and the barrel body (6) are fixedly connected through a bottom plate screw (9); the network interface (11), the charging interface (12), the indicator light (13), the air level (14) and the power key (15) are all embedded into the top plate (3) in a drilling mode, and all wiring is connected through a branching adapter plate (16) and is transmitted downwards through a flat cable (21); the mainboard (17) and the acquisition card (18) are sequentially positioned below the branching adapter plate (16), and communication among the mainboard and the acquisition card and communication connection among the triaxial sensor (20), the rechargeable battery and the charging protection circuit (19) are realized through a flat cable (21); the rechargeable battery, the charging protection circuit (19) and the three-axis sensor (20) are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner surface of the bottom plate (7).
3. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 2, wherein: the adjustable support leg (10) is embedded into the bottom plate (7) through threads.
4. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 2, wherein: the three-axis three-dimensional full-automatic distribution card is characterized by further comprising inner columns (22) and horizontal partition plates (23), wherein the horizontal partition plates (23) are located among the branching adapter plate (16), the mainboard (17) and the collection card (18) and used for separating the branching adapter plate (16), the mainboard (17), the collection card (18), the rechargeable battery, the charging protection circuit (19) and the three-axis sensor (20), and the horizontal partition plates (23) are fixedly supported through the inner columns (22).
5. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 2, wherein: the network interface (11) is an RJ-45 network interface.
6. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 2, wherein: the level bubble (14) is positioned at the center of the top plate (3).
7. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 2, wherein: and the top plate screw (4) and the bottom plate screw (9) are high-strength screws.
8. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for the low-frequency environment vibration signal according to claim 2, wherein: the top plate (3), the barrel body (6) and the bottom plate (7) are all made of high-strength aluminum alloy; the network interface (11), the charging interface (12), the indicator light (13), the level bubble (14) and the power key (15) are all of waterproof design.
9. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environmental vibration signals according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein: the three-axis sensor (20) comprises three piezoelectric low-frequency acceleration sensors with the same specification, namely a first sensor (201), a second sensor (202) and a third sensor (203); the first sensor (201), the second sensor (202) and the third sensor (203) are fastened together in a pairwise mutually perpendicular mode and are used for sensing vertical, horizontal and lateral environmental vibration signals respectively.
10. The integrated triaxial acquisition and storage device for low-frequency environmental vibration signals according to claim 9, wherein: the first sensor (201) comprises a shell (2011), a mass block (2012), a base (2013), a top signal output interface (2014), a pre-pressing spring (2015), a piezoelectric unit (2016), a bolt (2017) and a bottom mounting internal thread (2018); the shell (2011) is positioned above the base (2013), and the bolt (2017) is positioned in the inner center of the shell (2011); the pre-pressing spring (2015), the mass block (2012) and the piezoelectric unit (2016) are sequentially positioned on the periphery of the bolt (2017) from top to bottom; the top signal output interface (2014) is located at the top of the shell (2011), and the bottom mounting internal thread (2018) is located in the center of the bottom of the base (2013).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115718019A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-02-28 | 河海大学 | Concrete axial tension test piece fine die and working method thereof |
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| US20100238027A1 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2010-09-23 | Filippo Bastianini | Device for monitoring the health status of structures |
| CN201622354U (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-11-03 | 中国地震局地球物理研究所 | Three-direction low-frequency electric digital seismogragh |
| CN103308096A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-18 | 柳成荫 | Sensor system for health monitoring of civil engineering structure |
| CN209992067U (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-01-24 | 四川拓普测控科技有限公司 | Integrated intelligent vibration sensor |
| CN209927396U (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-01-10 | 南京睿永智运维工程科技有限公司 | Wireless excitation monitoring sensing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115718019A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-02-28 | 河海大学 | Concrete axial tension test piece fine die and working method thereof |
| CN115718019B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-08-22 | 河海大学 | Fine die for concrete axial-pulling test piece and working method thereof |
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