CN105910531B - Digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation - Google Patents

Digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation Download PDF

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CN105910531B
CN105910531B CN201610456789.0A CN201610456789A CN105910531B CN 105910531 B CN105910531 B CN 105910531B CN 201610456789 A CN201610456789 A CN 201610456789A CN 105910531 B CN105910531 B CN 105910531B
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strain gauge
compensation
strain
acquisition
temperature
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CN105910531A (en
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李�远
蔡美峰
乔兰
李庆文
王卓
李振
刘麒梁
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/18Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation, belongs to rock mass stress measurement and monitoring field.The strain gauge includes glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton, high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire and complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit, local digitization acquisition integrated circuit board.Strain gauge realizes installation using glue injection type design.Self-compensation type high-precision strain transducer and complete temperature-compensation circuit eliminate the influence of the temperature in long term monitoring;Double earth wire circuit compensation digital circuit levelling range;The instantaneous acquisition technique of digitizer plate eliminates resistance heating influence, realizes the long-term effectiveness and relevance of monitoring data.The strain gauge have artificial power-off continuous adopt and automatically continuously acquire two kinds of acquisition modes, can once mounting realize borehole wall three dimensional strain short-term, long term monitoring.It is reserved there are many mode of wireless connection and wireless charging interface, it can be achieved that by measuring point to control room real-time data transmission.

Description

Digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mass stress measurement and monitoring fields, particularly relate to a kind of original based on complete technique for temperature compensation Bit digitizing type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge.
Background technique
Crustal stress is natural stress present in rock mass, be determine Underground Engineering Excavation, design, stability analysis it is most heavy Want factor.Hollow inclusion strain gauge method is the three-dimension geosciences modeling side that International Society of Rock Mechanics is recommended in geostress survey Method and currently the only disposable acquisition underground three-dimensional principal stress size, the geostress survey method in direction.
But hollow inclusion strain gauge measurement crustal stress method mostly uses greatly long conducting wire to draw measuring signal, signal at present Conductor resistance seriously affects measurement accuracy in transmission process.Cai Meifeng teaching inventive double earth wire circuit improvement hollow inclusion method Measurement accuracy;Digitlization hollow inclusion strain gauge in situ has been invented by Australian environmental system and service company, eliminates long conducting wire Resistance Influence uses 4 core conducting wires to draw data after analog signal is become digital signal.Whether the improvement in double earth wire circuit is also It is digitized realization in situ, it is also necessary to drilling machine be passed through using conducting wire in the measurements and export live signal.It is cumbersome, and survey Amount conducting wire interacts with the measurement public drilling machine channel of cooling water, will cause the accident that conducting wire is broken when drilling by card and occurs.
Platinum friend, Peng Hua etc. (2013) improve hollow inclusion hardware, are introduced into geostress measurement in deep borehole.But it is based on passing System hollow inclusion strain gauge structure, can not eliminate the influence of environment temperature.Professor Cai Meifeng proposes the general of crustal stress precise measurement It reads, and has invented improved hollow inclusion technique and complete technique for temperature compensation, the essence of geostress survey can be greatly improved Degree and reliability.But improved hollow inclusion technique not yet realizes the wireless transmission in local digitization and measurement at present.
The present invention is directed to the localizations of modified hollow inclusion and non-extraction geostress survey, inherit complete temperature-compensating The theory of technology and crustal stress precise measurement.
Rock mass internal stress disturbance monitoring is mining activities, the construction of hydropower stations, important interior in constructing tunnel information-aided construction Hold, but there is no equipment that can realize this function at present.The borehole stressmeter used in mining has simple installation, easily operated excellent Point, but it is developed from coal mining application, is monitored using oil pressure, cannot achieve long-term measurement, and institute's measured data is thousand Jin top internal pressure value is not rock mass inner-stress value;The local digitization type hollow inclusion strain gauge of Australia, theoretically may be used To carry out the monitoring of Disturbance stress, but it uses traditional electric bridge acquisition mode, it is necessary to guarantee to stablize confession in entire monitoring process Electricity;And the non-deriving probe that platinum friend, Peng Hua etc. are developed, standby 3 months, the working time 20 hours, and in long term monitoring Middle range of temperature is bigger, and the compensation sheet mode of traditional sonde configuration cannot achieve the full remuneration influenced on temperature, precision It is poor.So above two hollow inclusion equipment can not carry out the stress long term monitoring under underground space complex environment.
Summary of the invention
The digitlization type three in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Tie up hole wall strain gauge.
The strain gauge include glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton, high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire and Complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit and local digitization acquire integrated circuit board;High-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire And temperature-compensating measuring circuit and local digitization acquisition integrated circuit board completely is arranged in glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge bone In frame, which carries out the connection of local digitization integrated circuit board with double earth wire circuit.
Wherein, glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton is cylindric, and head is guide head, one circle of setting below guide head Plastic hole, plastic hole are connected with internal plastic emitting channel, outsourcing epoxy resin cylinder in the middle part of glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton, ring Strain rosette is posted outside oxygen resin cartridge, and single-chip microcontroller Acquisition Instrument, single-chip microcontroller are set in glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton tail portion Acquisition Instrument is connect with battery, and glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton head and middle part junction are sealed using sealing rubber ring.
High-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer is 1.33 at 0 DEG C -20 DEG C of sensor temperature coefficient under long-term measuring state ×10-6/ DEG C, it is 0.28 × 10 at 20 DEG C -40 DEG C-6/ DEG C, it is 1.20 × 10 at 40 DEG C -60 DEG C-6/ DEG C, 60 DEG C -80 DEG C whens are 1.60×10-6/ DEG C, it is 2.43% that complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit, which eliminates error rate,;0 point drift of measuring system in long-term measurement It is 10 × 10-6/ year.
The strain gauge reserves wifi, bluetooth, very low frequency and the wireless transmission interfaces such as communicates thoroughly, and data acquisition and charging use Wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode, reserve there are many be wirelessly connected mode and wireless charging interface, it can be achieved that by measuring point to control room number According to real-time Transmission.
The strain gauge acquisition system uses the instantaneous acquisition technique of electric bridge, and signal acquisition is connected moment in bridge circuit and completed. No momentary connection resistance and resistor disc fever influence, adopted without powering for a long time, it can be achieved that being powered, signal for resistance strain gage oneself Body actual resistance value.Continuous acquisition, four kinds of interval acquisition, timing acquiring and stand-by operation modes are set, once mounting realizes drilling Short-term, the long term monitoring of hole wall three dimensional strain.
Geostress survey and stress monitoring are carried out using the strain gauge the following steps are included:
When geostress survey, drills on tunnel, tunnel or side slope palisades, this strain gauge is mounted in drilling, is passed through Injecting glue is promoted to keep strain gauge strain transducer part and hole wall closely cementing, the drilling followed by hole wall strain releases, and Rock mass inner space stress intensity is calculated according to theory of elastic mechanics.Specific steps include:
1. creeping into the macropore of diameter 130mm-150mm at measuring point;
2. creeping into the aperture that diameter is 42mm with one heart in macropore bottom hole, aperture hole depth is 40cm;
3. probe is bonded in aperture using epoxy resin colloid;
4. carrying out the rock core with probe using drill bit same as macropore is beaten to release, and hole wall is recorded during releasing and is answered Variation;
5. probes records rock core is from the strain variation of stress of primary rock state to unstress state is born, using Elasticity Theory establishes the strain-stress relation in elastomer stress change procedure, obtains calculating elasticity modulus and pool with laboratory test The parameters such as pine ratio, bringing the unlimited body opening hole formula of Elasticity into can return to obtain crustal stress value.
When stress monitoring, foil gauge high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, temperature calibration test when popping one's head in factory is completed. Installation method is consistent with stress measurement, does not need the concentric macropore for drilling out releasing only.Measure the strain variation of different moments Rock mass stress situation of change can be obtained in cooperation relative theory analysis.Stress monitoring probe can carry out stress under non-releasing state Short-term measurement, long term monitoring, manually measurement may be selected in reading mode and automatic collection transmits both of which, specific steps Are as follows:
1. creeping into the aperture that diameter is 42mm, drilling depth reaches monitoring location;
2. bonding probe, and access power supply (according to manually acquisition mode, being then not required to access power supply);
3. acquisition interval is arranged, the time started is acquired.(if artificial acquisition, being then not necessarily to this step);
4. carrying out laboratory test using live rock core, obtaining elastic modulus of rock and Poisson's ratio at measuring point;
5. stress variation value can be calculated according to strain variation in monitoring.Stress variation value and Original strata stress value phase Add, current stress state can be obtained, realizes stress monitoring.(identical when specific formula is with geostress survey)
Strain rosette is high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, the circumferentially spaced-apart 120 ° of cloth of high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer It sets on the epoxy resin barrel of 1.5mm thickness, epoxy resin barrel housing realizes hollow design, with double on glue storage cavity body Earth loop connection connects rear portion acquisition system.
Double earth wire and complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit are the complete technique for temperature compensations for introducing Cai Meifeng academician's invention, In conjunction with double earth wire connection, technically eliminates lead error and because of the strain value variation that temperature change generates, complete temperature is mended Repaying circuit and can eliminating error rate is 2.43%, improves strain measurement precision.
Local digitization collecting circuit board completes the digitlization of signal using digital circuit integrated technology in equipment cavity Conversion, eliminates the measurement error of long conducting wire in other measurement methods, realizes instantaneous acquisition and each channel rolls acquisition, while can Realize storage, the transmission of acquisition data.Local digitization acquires integrated circuit board, provides artificial power-off continuous and adopts and automatically continuously adopt Collect two kinds of acquisition modes, four kinds of continuous work, timing working, micro- stand-by operation and stand-by operation operating modes can once mountings Realize short-term, the long term monitoring of borehole wall three dimensional strain.
Battery is powered using the rechargeable lithium battery of 5V, battery capacity 6800mAh, the operating current of collector 0.02mA is, it can be achieved that standby one month and static state continuous acquisition 7 days.
The advantageous effects of the above technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention adopts technology wink using number, without power supply when standby, eliminates the influence for releasing resistance and transient current;It adopts It is finished full temperature compensation technology and temperature self-compensation sensor, realizes that temperature under long-term measuring condition influenced maximally eliminates; Application of the double earth wire structure in digitizer increases the acquisition range and measurement stability of electronic circuit.The present invention is opened The probe of hair is by repeatedly updating, and indoors and scene has carried out a large amount of related experiments, and there is measured data mutually to support, realize Geostress survey and the integration of stress monitoring and Disturbance stress long term monitoring function.
The present invention efficiently solve wired strain acquirement instrument it is erroneous for installation it is complicated, measurement accuracy is not high, the working time is short, Can not long term monitoring the problem of.By carrying out indoor simulation crustal stress bench run and confining pressure calibration comparative test present invention dress The measured value and calibration value set, comparison show that its measurement error is 1% (1 μ of μ ε/100 ε), 1 μ ε of measurement accuracy.This experimental provision In Gongchangling District, downhole iron ore has carried out 3 measuring points, and totally 5 in-situ stresses release test, and wherein the hole 2# and the hole 3# are -220m water The test in same hole is put down, the hole 4# and the hole 5# are the test in the horizontal same hole -280m, obtain measuring point Regional stress field point Cloth rule.Wherein, comparative test, the present invention are operating twice in same observation station progress by conventional hollow backpack body strain gauge and the present invention Property and data stability, reliability etc. are significantly better than conventional hollow backpack body strain gauge.Apparatus of the present invention are in mine, tunnel Using having broad application prospects in the complex environments such as road, side slope.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge structure in situ signal of the invention based on complete technique for temperature compensation Figure;
Fig. 2 is high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer layout drawing;
Fig. 3 is high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer calibration curve;
Fig. 4 is acquisition system window and instruction schematic diagram one;
Fig. 5 is acquisition system window and instruction schematic diagram two;
Fig. 6 is acquisition system window and instruction schematic diagram three;
Fig. 7 is acquisition system window and instruction schematic diagram four.
Wherein: 1- guide head;2- sealing rubber ring;The plastic hole 3-;4- plastic emitting channel;5- epoxy resin cylinder;6- strain rosette;7- Single-chip microcontroller Acquisition Instrument;8- battery.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool Body embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation.
The strain gauge include glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton, high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire and Complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit and local digitization acquire integrated circuit board;High-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire And temperature-compensating measuring circuit and local digitization acquisition integrated circuit board completely is arranged in glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge bone In frame, which carries out the connection of local digitization integrated circuit board with double earth wire circuit.
As shown in Figure 1, glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton be it is cylindric, head is guide head 1, the lower section of guide head 1 One circle plastic hole 3 of setting, plastic hole 3 are connected with internal plastic emitting channel 4, outsourcing ring in the middle part of glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton Oxygen resin cartridge 5 posts strain rosette 6 outside epoxy resin cylinder 5, single-chip microcontroller is arranged in glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton tail portion Acquisition Instrument 7, single-chip microcontroller Acquisition Instrument 7 are connect with battery 8, and glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton head and middle part junction are adopted It is sealed with sealing rubber ring 2.
As shown in Fig. 2, strain rosette 6 is high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer ring To on 120 ° of 5 walls of epoxy resin cylinder for being arranged in 1.5mm thickness in interval.
As shown in figure 3, high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer is under long-term measuring state, 0 DEG C -20 of sensor temperature coefficient DEG C when be 1.33 × 10-6/ DEG C, it is 0.28 × 10 at 20 DEG C -40 DEG C-6/ DEG C, it is 1.20 × 10 at 40 DEG C -60 DEG C-6/℃,60℃- It is 1.60 × 10 at 80 DEG C-6/ DEG C, it is 2.43% that complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit, which eliminates error rate,;System is measured in long-term measurement 0 point drift of uniting is 10 × 10-6/ year.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, local digitization acquire integrated circuit board, provide artificial power-off continuous adopt and from Dynamic two kinds of acquisition modes of continuous acquisition, four kinds of continuous work, timing working, micro- stand-by operation and stand-by operation operating modes can Short-term, the long term monitoring of once mounting realization borehole wall three dimensional strain.
It is as follows using the specific embodiment of the strain gauge.
The embodiment of geostress survey are as follows:
1. creeping into the macropore of diameter 130mm-150mm at measuring point, and obtain rock core.Drilling depth, which need to reach, excavates space 3 times or more of diameter;
2. creeping into the aperture that diameter is 42mm with one heart in macropore bottom hole, aperture hole depth is 40cm;
3. extemporaneous preparation solidifies colloid, and pours into probe cavity.It is installed, is controlled with crustal stress profession installation equipment The advance distance that installation speed, the orientation popped one's head in hole, colloid squeeze out.After installation, when standby with handheld terminal setting acquisition Between and acquisition interval.Work light lights in peep hole, indicates to pop one's head in working properly;
4. after installation, colloid solidification 24 hours (24 hours under the conditions of 25 °, if lower than 10 ° setting times needs 48 of temperature are small When);
5. after colloid solidification, whether probe work light flashes in the time interval of setting in peep hole, by interval Flashing, which indicates working properly, can start to release work;
6. guaranteeing that drilling and original drilling are concentric when releasing, released using with thin drilling bit of the same race when boring macropore.It releases When drill bit is advanced into macropore sky bottom, be switched on drilling after water flowing 30 minutes.Keep pressure constant (about 1MPa) when drilling, steadily Drilling.Drilling releases depth 50cm;
7. removal of core after releasing opens probe rear cover and closes power supply, terminates acquisition.The complete situation of rock core is observed, and is done Good labeled in situ.Using diaphragm seal rock core, prepare laboratory test;
8. carrying out confining pressure calibration test and temperature calibration test obtaining elasticity modulus, Poisson's ratio, each channel foil gauge temperature Coefficient carries out data regression and obtains calculating strain value;
9. carrying out stress inversion using theory of elastic mechanics and least square regression obtaining crustal stress value.
The specific embodiment of stress monitoring are as follows:
1. creeping into the aperture that diameter is 42mm, drilling depth reaches monitoring location;
2. preparing colloid, installation is popped one's head in, and installation steps are identical as step when geostress survey;
3. probe plant-grid connection field circuit is guaranteed long-term power supply.The battery-operated time is greater than 1 week after power failure.If adopting Manually manual acquisition mode is then not required to access power supply;
4. acquisition interval is arranged, the time started is acquired.It is whole that data access aperture will be acquired using bluetooth or wired mode End, and pass through intelligent acess underground looped network (if artificial acquisition, being then not necessarily to this step).
5. carrying out laboratory test using live rock core, obtaining elastic modulus of rock and Poisson's ratio at measuring point;
6. cooperation geostress survey obtains current position stress value at live measuring point;
7. equally being obtained using the unlimited body Hole deformation calculation formula of theory of elastic mechanics according to strain variation in monitoring Stress variation value.Stress variation value is added with Original strata stress value, and current stress state can be obtained, and realizes stress monitoring.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ based on complete technique for temperature compensation, it is characterised in that: including note Glue formula hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton, high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire and complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit and Local digitization acquires integrated circuit board;High-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, double earth wire and complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit It is arranged in glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton with local digitization acquisition integrated circuit board, which uses double earth wire Circuit carries out the connection of local digitization integrated circuit board;
The glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton be it is cylindric, head is guide head (1), setting one below guide head (1) It encloses plastic hole (3), plastic hole (3) are connected with internal plastic emitting channel (4), outsourcing ring in the middle part of glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton Oxygen resin cartridge (5), epoxy resin cylinder (5) is external to be posted strain rosette (6), is arranged in glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton tail portion Single-chip microcontroller Acquisition Instrument (7), single-chip microcontroller Acquisition Instrument (7) are connect with battery (8), glue injection type hollow inclusion strain gauge skeleton head and Middle part junction is sealed using sealing rubber ring (2);
The strain rosette (6) is high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer, and high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer is circumferentially spaced-apart 120 ° are arranged on epoxy resin cylinder (5) wall of 1.5mm thickness;
The high-accuracy self-compensation strain transducer is 1.33 at 0 DEG C -20 DEG C of sensor temperature coefficient under long-term measuring state ×10-6/ DEG C, it is 0.28 × 10 at 20 DEG C -40 DEG C-6/ DEG C, it is 1.20 × 10 at 40 DEG C -60 DEG C-6/ DEG C, 60 DEG C -80 DEG C whens are 1.60×10-6/ DEG C, it is 2.43% that complete temperature-compensating measuring circuit, which eliminates error rate,;0 point drift of measuring system in long-term measurement It is 10 × 10-6/ year;
The strain gauge acquisition system uses the instantaneous acquisition technique of electric bridge, and signal acquisition is connected moment in bridge circuit and completed.
2. the digitlization type three-dimensional hole wall strain gauge in situ according to claim 1 based on complete technique for temperature compensation, Be characterized in that: the strain gauge reserves wifi, bluetooth, very low frequency and communicates wireless transmission interface thoroughly, and data acquisition and charging use Wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode.
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