CN112197828A - Method for testing fuel consumption of light automobile during constant-speed running - Google Patents
Method for testing fuel consumption of light automobile during constant-speed running Download PDFInfo
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- CN112197828A CN112197828A CN202010919604.1A CN202010919604A CN112197828A CN 112197828 A CN112197828 A CN 112197828A CN 202010919604 A CN202010919604 A CN 202010919604A CN 112197828 A CN112197828 A CN 112197828A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F9/00—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine
- G01F9/02—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine wherein the other variable is the speed of a vehicle
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing fuel consumption of a light automobile during constant-speed running, which comprises the following steps: horizontally placing the vehicle on a dynamometer, starting an engine according to the starting requirement of the test vehicle, and running a test operation cycle; checking readings of a zero point and a gauge point of a gas analyzer for continuous measurement by using standard gas, and considering that the result is effective when the difference between the result before the test and the result after the test is not more than 2% of the gauge gas value; and measuring the amount of the discharged pollutants by using a gas analyzer, calculating the fuel consumption by using a carbon balance method, and correcting the fuel consumption result after validity judgment to finally obtain the fuel consumption for constant-speed driving. The bench test of the invention does not need to disconnect the fuel pipeline, thus being safe and reliable; external equipment is not needed, and the test process is time-saving and labor-saving; the test environment is accurately controlled, the data consistency is good, and repeated verification is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constant-speed driving fuel consumption tests of light automobiles, and relates to an automobile fuel consumption test method based on a bench test, in particular to a constant-speed driving fuel consumption test method of a light automobile.
Background
The constant-speed fuel consumption of the automobile is one of economic engineering targets of various large enterprises and is also one of important indexes for measuring the energy consumption of the automobile. At present, the actual measurement process of the oil consumption meter on a road is connected, the limiting conditions are more, the measurement precision is influenced by temperature, wind direction, rain and snow and gradient, the damage to an oil way is higher in danger, the test period is long, and the test cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for testing the fuel consumption of the light automobile in constant-speed running, a fuel pipeline does not need to be disconnected in a bench test, and the method is safe and reliable; external equipment is not needed, and the test process is time-saving and labor-saving; the test environment is accurately controlled, the data consistency is good, and repeated verification is avoided.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a test method for fuel consumption of light automobiles in constant-speed running comprises the following steps:
s1, horizontally placing a vehicle on a dynamometer, starting an engine according to a starting requirement of the test vehicle, and running a test operation cycle;
s2, calibrating the gas analyzer: the zero and gage point readings of the gas analyzer for continuous measurements were checked using standard gas and the results were considered valid when the results before and after the test differed by no more than 2% of the gage gas value.
And S3, measuring the amount of the discharged pollutants by using a gas analyzer, calculating the fuel consumption by using a carbon balance method, and correcting the fuel consumption result after validity judgment to finally obtain the fuel consumption for constant-speed driving.
Further, in step S1, the test vehicle start request is: the tire pressure (cold state) of the driving wheel of the test vehicle is adjusted to be consistent with that during road load measurement, the equivalent inertia of the chassis dynamometer is adjusted to be consistent with the test mass during road load measurement, so that the total inertia of the rotating mass can simulate the inertia and other road resistance during vehicle running, and the rotating mass can absorb the power acting on the driving wheel.
Further, in step S1, the test operation cycle includes a preheating stage, a vehicle speed stabilizing stage, a first test stage, a second test stage, a third test stage, a fourth test stage, and a stopping stage, and the final fuel consumption at the same speed is obtained by an average value of the four measurements.
Further, the step S2 includes the following processes: before analyzing each sample gas, the range of the analyzer used by each pollutant is corrected by adopting proper zero gas, and then the analyzer is adjusted to a calibration curve by using the range gas with the nominal concentration of 70-100% of the range; the zero point of the analyzer should be checked again after the test is completed, and the difference between the reading and the zero point correction value before the sample gas is analyzed should not be more than 2% of the measuring range.
Further, the step S3 includes the following processes:
1) the pollutant content was measured by sampling analysis using a gas analyzer, the resulting HC, CO and CO2 emissions were calculated, and the fuel consumption was calculated:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
HCi-the hydrocarbon emissions measured in the ith test are in g/km;
COi-the carbon monoxide emissions measured in the ith test are in g/km;
CO2i-the carbon dioxide emission measured in the ith test is in g/km;
D-288K (15 ℃) test fuel density, unit is kg/L;
2) fuel consumption effectiveness determination: the accuracy alpha of the i times of test data obtained by calculation in the process is required to be less than or equal to 1 percent, otherwise, the test is invalid and the test is repeated; the calculation formula of α is as follows:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
3) fuel consumption amount correction result: the correction formula is as follows:
in the formula:
FCcorrect-corrected fuel consumption in L/100 km;
a. b-correction factor.
Furthermore, the oil supply pipeline does not need to be disconnected in the test, the test can be directly carried out on the chassis dynamometer in the environmental chamber, the danger coefficient is low, the test is not influenced by the temperature, the wind direction, rain, snow and gradient on the actual road, and the test is carried out without people going out by using a test site.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for testing the fuel consumption of the light automobile by using the bench test method for constant-speed running is provided for replacing a road test;
2. the fuel pipeline does not need to be disconnected in the bench test, so that the test is safe and reliable;
3. external equipment is not needed, and the test process is time-saving and labor-saving;
4. the test environment is accurately controlled, the data consistency is good, and repeated verification is avoided.
Drawings
The present invention will be understood more clearly by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the vehicle operating cycle through the test.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The mass m of each pollutant emitted by the car during the test was determined from the volume fraction and volume of the gas and the density product at standard conditions (273.2K and 101.33 kPa). The typical gas density under standard conditions is as follows.
Carbon monoxide (CO) d ═ 1.25g/L
Carbon dioxide (CO2) d 1.964g/L
Oxynitride (NOx) d 2.05g/L
Hydrocarbon gasoline (C1H1.85) d 0.619g/L
When a variable dilution device with a constant flow rate was controlled using an orifice plate or venturi tube flow meter, parameters representing the volume flow rate were continuously recorded and the total volume during the test was calculated. When a variable dilution device with a constant flow rate was controlled using an orifice plate or venturi tube flow meter, parameters representing the volume flow rate were continuously recorded and the total volume during the test was calculated. In consideration of the difference between all gases involved in the intake, combustion, and exhaust processes of the engine and the ideal gas, the fuel consumption amount needs to be corrected, and the corrected result is the final fuel consumption amount.
A test method for fuel consumption of light automobiles in constant-speed running comprises the following steps:
s1, horizontally placing a vehicle on a dynamometer, starting an engine according to a starting requirement of the test vehicle, and running a test operation cycle;
s2, calibrating the gas analyzer: the zero and gage point readings of the gas analyzer for continuous measurements were checked using standard gas and the results were considered valid when the results before and after the test differed by no more than 2% of the gage gas value.
And S3, measuring the amount of the discharged pollutants by using a gas analyzer, calculating the fuel consumption by using a carbon balance method, and correcting the fuel consumption result after validity judgment to finally obtain the fuel consumption for constant-speed driving.
Further, in step S1, the test vehicle start request is: the tire pressure (cold state) of the driving wheel of the test vehicle is adjusted to be consistent with that during road load measurement, the equivalent inertia of the chassis dynamometer is adjusted to be consistent with the test mass during road load measurement, so that the total inertia of the rotating mass can simulate the inertia and other road resistance during vehicle running, and the rotating mass can absorb the power acting on the driving wheel.
Further, in step S1, the test operation cycle includes a preheating stage, a vehicle speed stabilizing stage, a first test stage, a second test stage, a third test stage, a fourth test stage, and a stopping stage, and the final fuel consumption at the same speed is obtained by an average value of the four measurements.
Further, the step S2 includes the following processes: before analyzing each sample gas, the range of the analyzer used by each pollutant is corrected by adopting proper zero gas, and then the analyzer is adjusted to a calibration curve by using the range gas with the nominal concentration of 70-100% of the range; the zero point of the analyzer should be checked again after the test is completed, and the difference between the reading and the zero point correction value before the sample gas is analyzed should not be more than 2% of the measuring range.
Further, the step S3 includes the following processes:
1) the pollutant content was measured by sampling analysis using a gas analyzer, the resulting HC, CO and CO2 emissions were calculated, and the fuel consumption was calculated:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
HCi-the hydrocarbon emissions measured in the ith test are in g/km;
COi-the carbon monoxide emissions measured in the ith test are in g/km;
CO2i-the carbon dioxide emission measured in the ith test is in g/km;
D-288K (15 ℃) test fuel density, unit is kg/L;
2) fuel consumption effectiveness determination: the accuracy alpha of the i times of test data obtained by calculation in the process is required to be less than or equal to 1 percent, otherwise, the test is invalid and the test is repeated; the calculation formula of α is as follows:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
3) fuel consumption amount correction result: the correction formula is as follows:
in the formula:
FCcorrect-corrected fuel consumption in L/100 km;
a. b-correction factor.
Furthermore, the oil supply pipeline does not need to be disconnected in the test, the test can be directly carried out on the chassis dynamometer in the environmental chamber, the danger coefficient is low, the test is not influenced by the temperature, the wind direction, rain, snow and gradient on the actual road, and the test is carried out without people going out by using a test site.
Examples
In order to ensure the consistency requirement of the test process, the following conditions must be met before the experiment:
1. during the test, the temperature in the test chamber should be 25. + -. 5 ℃.
2. The mechanical condition of the test vehicle is good.
3. The test vehicle is good in air inlet and exhaust system sealing performance.
4. The test vehicle was run in for at least 3000km prior to testing.
5. The test vehicle should use the specified lubricating oil.
6. The test vehicle tires should be selected to be of a prescribed type and inflated at a tire inflation pressure corresponding to a recommended tire maximum test load and maximum test speed. The tire can be run-in with the test vehicle or the profile depth should be between 50% and 90% of the initial profile depth.
7. The test vehicle should use the specified fuel.
Before a test, a test vehicle is applied to fit a resistance curve of an actual road on a rotating hub, meanwhile, the set wind speed of a fan is consistent with the set speed of the vehicle, and a speed VS time curve of the vehicle running needs to be edited according to requirements before the test starts. The engine is started in accordance with the test vehicle start request. Immediately after the engine is started, the test operation cycle defined in fig. 1 is started. The test vehicle was driven following the test run cycle specified in figure 1. The test operation cycle consists of a preheating stage, a vehicle speed stabilizing stage, a first test stage, a second test stage, a third test stage, a fourth test stage and a stopping stage, the final constant-speed oil consumption is obtained through the average value of four times of measurement, and the substitute measurement speed V0 can be changed according to requirements. The sampling requirements are as follows:
p1 is 1600s, which is the starting time of the first test sampling;
p2 is 1900s, which is the end time of the first test sampling and the start time of the second test sampling;
p3 is 2200s, which is the end time of the second test sampling and the start time of the third test sampling;
p4 is 2500s, which is the end time of the third test sampling and the start time of the fourth test sampling;
p5 is 2800s, which is the end time of the fourth test sampling.
The vehicle speed and the theoretical tolerance are +/-2 km/h, and the time tolerance is +/-1 s.
The time-speed correspondence and gear requirements are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 time-speed correspondence and gear requirement
In the test process, a gas analyzer is used for sampling, analyzing and measuring the content of pollutants, the influence of background gas on the test result should be eliminated in the measurement process, and the fuel consumption is calculated according to the calculated emission (g/km) of HC, CO and CO 2. Calculating a preliminary value of fuel consumption by using a formula:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
HC-measured hydrocarbon emissions in g/km;
CO-measured carbon monoxide emissions in g/km;
CO 2-measured carbon dioxide emissions in g/km;
D-288K (15 ℃ C.) the density of the test fuel in kg/L.
Fuel consumption effectiveness determination: the precision alpha of the data obtained by 4 times of tests calculated in the process is required to be less than or equal to 1 percent, otherwise, the test is invalid and the test is repeated. The calculation formula of α is as follows:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
fuel consumption amount correction result: in consideration of the difference between all gases involved in the intake, combustion, and exhaust processes of the engine and the ideal gas, the fuel consumption amount needs to be corrected, and the corrected result is the final fuel consumption amount. The correction formula is as follows:
in the formula:
FCcorerrect-corrected fuel consumption in L/100 km;
a. b-correction factor.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A test method for fuel consumption of light automobile in constant speed running is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, horizontally placing a vehicle on a dynamometer, starting an engine according to a starting requirement of the test vehicle, and running a test operation cycle;
s2, calibrating the gas analyzer: checking the zero point and gauge point readings of the gas analyzer for continuous measurements using a standard gas;
and S3, measuring the amount of the discharged pollutants by using a gas analyzer, calculating the fuel consumption by using a carbon balance method, and correcting the fuel consumption result after validity judgment to finally obtain the fuel consumption for constant-speed driving.
2. The method for testing the fuel consumption of a light automobile during constant speed running according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the request for starting the test vehicle is: and adjusting the tire pressure of the driving wheel of the test vehicle to be consistent with the tire pressure when the road load is measured, and adjusting the equivalent inertia of the chassis dynamometer to be consistent with the test quality when the road load is measured.
3. The method for testing fuel consumption of a light vehicle in constant velocity driving according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the test operation cycle comprises a preheating phase, a vehicle speed stabilizing phase, a first test phase, a second test phase, a third test phase, a fourth test phase and a stopping phase, and the final fuel consumption at constant velocity is obtained by averaging the four measurements.
4. The method for testing the fuel consumption of a light automobile during constant speed driving according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 includes the steps of: before analyzing each sample gas, the measuring range of a gas analyzer used by each pollutant is corrected by adopting zero gas, and then the analyzer is adjusted to a calibration curve by using range gas with the nominal concentration of 70-100% of the measuring range; the zero point of the analyzer should be checked again after the test is completed, and the difference between the reading and the zero point correction value before the sample gas is analyzed should not be more than 2% of the measuring range.
5. The method for testing the fuel consumption of a light automobile during constant speed driving according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes the steps of:
1) the pollutant content was measured by sampling analysis using a gas analyzer, the resulting HC, CO and CO2 emissions were calculated, and the fuel consumption was calculated:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
HCi-the hydrocarbon emissions measured in the ith test are in g/km;
COi-the carbon monoxide emissions measured in the ith test are in g/km;
CO2i-the carbon dioxide emission measured in the ith test is in g/km;
D-288K (15 ℃) test fuel density, unit is kg/L;
2) fuel consumption effectiveness determination: the accuracy alpha of the i times of test data obtained by calculation in the process is required to be less than or equal to 1 percent, otherwise, the test is invalid and the test is repeated; the calculation formula of α is as follows:
in the formula:
i-test serial number, i ═ 1,2,3, 4;
FCi-fuel consumption in L/100km for the ith test;
3) fuel consumption amount correction result:
in the formula:
FCcorrect-corrected fuel consumption in L/100 km;
a. b-correction factor.
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| CN202010919604.1A CN112197828A (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Method for testing fuel consumption of light automobile during constant-speed running |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113591221A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 中公高远(北京)汽车检测技术有限公司 | Method and system for detecting energy consumption change of vehicle |
| JP7318076B1 (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2023-07-31 | 中汽研汽車検験中心（天津）有限公司 | Evaluating the impact of switching working conditions on vehicle fuel consumption |
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