CN112197275A - 基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉 - Google Patents

基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉 Download PDF

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CN112197275A
CN112197275A CN202011037083.3A CN202011037083A CN112197275A CN 112197275 A CN112197275 A CN 112197275A CN 202011037083 A CN202011037083 A CN 202011037083A CN 112197275 A CN112197275 A CN 112197275A
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incinerator
rear arch
hearth
fluidized bed
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郝小波
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China Western Power Industrial Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/105—Furnace arrangements with endless chain or travelling grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F23G2203/502—Fluidised bed furnace with recirculation of bed material inside combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
    • F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，包括炉膛、锅筒、旋风分离器、第一竖井烟道、第二竖井烟道、尾部竖井烟道、过热器、省煤器及空预器，炉膛设有下部水冷壁集箱；在炉膛下方设有焚烧炉，在下部水冷壁集箱与焚烧炉上端之间设有膨胀节；焚烧炉一侧联有进料口、另一侧联有后拱，后拱与排渣口相联，在进料口及后拱底部设有推料炉排，在后拱下方设有数个灰斗；旋风分离器的回料腿与后拱相连，回料腿内设有翻板阀；本发明具有改造工作量小、周期短的优点，可实现垃圾无需破碎和筛选即可直接入炉燃烧，可以极大提高锅炉连续运行时间，提高生产效率和经济效益。

Description

基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉。
背景技术
目前，垃圾焚烧发电技术主要分为两大流派：循环流化床技术和炉排炉技术。初期，以循环流化床技术为主，但因城市生活垃圾中包含大量建筑垃圾、石块、铁丝等杂物，当采用循环流化床锅炉发电时，入炉前需将垃圾进行破碎和筛选，否则，可能出现一系列问题，诸如给料口堵塞、铁丝缠绕风帽、石头砸坏风帽等，影响流化效果及锅炉的连续稳定运行，因此前期工作量大；即便如此，随着运行时间的累计，布风板仍不可避免的出现堵塞、损坏，采用循环流化床技术焚烧垃圾的连续运行时间一般在一个月左右，最长不超过3个月，检修频繁，影响生产效率和经济效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的上述不足，提供一种基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，它具有改造工作量小、周期短的优点，可实现垃圾无需破碎和筛选即可直接入炉燃烧，且能有效解决循环流化床锅炉焚烧垃圾存在的多种弊端，可以极大提高锅炉连续运行时间，提高生产效率和经济效益。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，包括炉膛、锅筒、旋风分离器、第一竖井烟道、第二竖井烟道、尾部竖井烟道、过热器、省煤器及空预器，炉膛设有下部水冷壁集箱；其特征在于：在炉膛下方设有焚烧炉，在下部水冷壁集箱与焚烧炉上端之间设有膨胀节；焚烧炉一侧联有进料口、另一侧联有后拱，后拱与排渣口相联，在进料口及后拱底部设有推料炉排，在后拱下方设有数个灰斗；旋风分离器的回料腿与后拱相连，回料腿内设有翻板阀；
本发明保留循环流化床炉体及其内的过热器、省煤器及空预器，以焚烧炉取代原有的风室及布风板等，具有改造工作量小、周期短的优点；工作时，原始垃圾从进料口进入焚烧炉，在推料炉排的推动下，进入焚烧炉炉膛，产生的高温烟气进入炉膛，灰渣则从排渣口及灰斗排出，因进料口、排渣口足够大，不会出现给料不畅、堵料等情况，同时，由于炉排面始终堆积有一定的垃圾，砖头、石块等掉下来不会砸坏炉排片，铁丝等也不会缠绕在炉排片上，可实现垃圾无需破碎和筛选即可直接入炉燃烧，且能有效解决循环流化床锅炉焚烧垃圾存在的多种弊端，可以极大提高锅炉连续运行时间，从而提高生产效率和经济效益；下部水冷壁集箱与焚烧炉之间布置膨胀节，以解决炉膛与焚烧炉之间的膨胀差；旋风分离器下部回料腿直接与焚烧炉后拱相连，分离出的灰返回至焚烧炉炉膛继续燃烧；为避免形成烟气通道，回料腿内设置翻板阀，定期排灰；
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述回料腿上设有膨胀节；可消除回料腿的膨胀变形；
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述后拱从前至后向下倾斜设置；利于自动排出灰渣；
综上所述，本发明具有改造工作量小、周期短的优点，可实现垃圾无需破碎和筛选即可直接入炉燃烧，且能有效解决循环流化床锅炉焚烧垃圾存在的多种弊端，可以极大提高锅炉连续运行时间，提高生产效率和经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1所示，该实施例的基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，包括炉膛1、锅筒2、旋风分离器3、第一竖井烟道4、第二竖井烟道5、尾部竖井烟道6、过热器7、省煤器8及空预器9，炉膛设有下部水冷壁集箱10；在炉膛1下方设有焚烧炉12，在下部水冷壁集箱10与焚烧炉12上端之间设有膨胀节11；焚烧炉12一侧联有进料口13、另一侧联有从前至后向下倾斜设的后拱14，后拱14与排渣口15相联，在进料口13及后拱14底部设有推料炉排16，在后拱14下方设有数个灰斗17；旋风分离器3的回料腿18与后拱14相连，回料腿18内设有翻板阀19，回料腿18上设有膨胀节21；
本发明保留循环流化床炉体、旋风分离器3及过热器7、省煤器8及空预器9，以焚烧炉12取代原有的风室及布风板等，具有改造工作量小、周期短的优点；使用时，原始垃圾从进料口13进入焚烧炉12，在推料炉排16的推动下，进入焚烧炉炉膛，产生的高温烟气进入炉膛1，灰渣则从排渣口15及灰斗17排出，因进料口13、排渣口17足够大，不会出现给料不畅、堵料等情况，同时，由于炉排面始终堆积有一定的垃圾，砖头、石块等掉下来不会砸坏炉排片，铁丝等也不会缠绕在炉排片上，可实现垃圾无需破碎和筛选即可直接入炉燃烧，且能有效解决循环流化床锅炉焚烧垃圾存在的多种弊端，可以极大提高锅炉连续运行时间，从而提高生产效率和经济效益；下部水冷壁集箱10与焚烧炉12之间布置膨胀节11，以解决炉膛1与焚烧炉12之间的膨胀差；回料腿18直接与后拱14相连，分离出的灰返回至焚烧炉继续燃烧；为避免形成烟气通道，回料腿18内设置翻板阀19，定期打开翻板阀19排灰；膨胀节21可消除回料腿18的膨胀变形。

Claims (3)

1.一种基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，包括炉膛、锅筒、旋风分离器、第一竖井烟道、第二竖井烟道、尾部竖井烟道、过热器、省煤器及空预器，炉膛设有下部水冷壁集箱；其特征在于：在炉膛下方设有焚烧炉，在下部水冷壁集箱与焚烧炉上端之间设有膨胀节；焚烧炉一侧联有进料口、另一侧联有后拱，后拱与排渣口相联，在进料口及后拱底部设有推料炉排，在后拱下方设有数个灰斗；旋风分离器的回料腿与后拱相连，回料腿内设有翻板阀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，其特征在于：所述回料腿上设有膨胀节。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉，其特征在于：所述后拱从前至后向下倾斜设置。
CN202011037083.3A 2020-09-28 2020-09-28 基于循环流化床炉体的垃圾焚烧炉排炉 Pending CN112197275A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113790454A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-14 重庆三峰卡万塔环境产业有限公司 一种靠垃圾自重滑落进料的炉排炉
CN113790455A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-14 重庆三峰卡万塔环境产业有限公司 一种多级输送进料的炉排炉

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113790454A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-14 重庆三峰卡万塔环境产业有限公司 一种靠垃圾自重滑落进料的炉排炉
CN113790455A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-14 重庆三峰卡万塔环境产业有限公司 一种多级输送进料的炉排炉

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