CN112195984A - Anti-floating anchor rod pile test device and test method - Google Patents
Anti-floating anchor rod pile test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112195984A CN112195984A CN202011021847.XA CN202011021847A CN112195984A CN 112195984 A CN112195984 A CN 112195984A CN 202011021847 A CN202011021847 A CN 202011021847A CN 112195984 A CN112195984 A CN 112195984A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-floating anchor pile testing device and a testing method, wherein the testing device comprises an anti-floating anchor pile, a sensing assembly, a temperature and humidity sensing system, a data acquisition system, a data transmission system, a data processing and analyzing system, a monitoring result display system and a loading system; the sensing assembly comprises a first strain sensing optical fiber, a second strain sensing optical fiber and a temperature sensing optical fiber; according to the invention, the first strain sensing optical fiber is arranged in the anchor pile in a groove, the second strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are arranged around the reinforcing steel bar, the anti-floating anchor pile is subjected to a drawing test by using the vertical load applying system, and the strain and temperature information of the pile body of the anti-floating anchor pile is measured with high precision by using the BOTDA data acquisition system, the fiber bragg grating data acquisition system and the DTS data acquisition system, and is displayed in the monitoring result display system in a graph form. The invention has the advantages of simple construction and wiring, high data measurement precision, small drift and good waterproofness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anchor rod pile in the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to an anti-floating anchor rod pile testing device and an anti-floating anchor rod pile testing method.
Background
With the rapid advance of urbanization, the development and utilization of underground space are continuously developing along with depth. The anti-floating anchor rod pile has the advantages that higher requirements are provided for how to resist floating of underground engineering, the anti-floating anchor rod pile is widely applied in underground anti-floating measures of building engineering in recent years due to unique performance of the anti-floating anchor rod pile, but due to the complex and changeability of rock-soil bodies, the stress condition of the anchor rod in the soil is very complex, and the calculation of the anchoring capacity of the anti-floating anchor rod pile is very difficult.
At present, the adhesion anchor capacity of the anchor rod pile is measured by adopting a traditional static pressure anchor rod pile drawing test in engineering, so that the pile body deformation of the anti-floating anchor rod pile is researched. However, when the traditional dial indicator and the pressure sensor are used for monitoring, monitoring data are often lost due to the fact that the traditional dial indicator and the pressure sensor are prone to electromagnetic interference and damage, the drawing test characteristics of the anti-floating anchor rod pile cannot be comprehensively obtained, and optimization design and construction of the anchor rod pile are difficult to achieve.
Aiming at the defects of the traditional test method of the anti-floating anchor rod pile, the new technology and method are adopted to research the deformation of the pile body of the anti-floating anchor rod pile, so that the popularization and the use are of great significance, and therefore, the development of the anti-floating anchor rod pile test device is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention discloses an anti-floating anchor pile testing device and an anti-floating anchor pile testing method, which aim to overcome the defects that the traditional method in the prior art is easily interfered by electromagnetic interference and the drawing test characteristics of an anti-floating anchor pile cannot be comprehensively obtained.
The technical scheme is as follows: the anti-floating anchor rod pile testing device comprises an anti-floating anchor rod pile, a sensing assembly, a temperature and humidity sensing system, a data acquisition system, a data transmission system, a data processing and analyzing system, a monitoring result display system and a loading system;
the sensing assembly is arranged on the outer side of the anti-floating anchor rod pile; the sensing assembly is accessed into the data acquisition system;
the sensing assembly comprises a first strain sensing optical fiber, a second strain sensing optical fiber and a temperature sensing optical fiber; the first strain sensing optical fiber is arranged in the anchor rod, and the second strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are fixed on the anchor rod;
the data acquisition system comprises a BOTDA data acquisition system, a fiber bragg grating data acquisition system and a DTS data acquisition system; the data is transmitted to a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system;
the loading system adopts a jack vertical load applying system.
The anti-floating anchor pile is a cast-in-place anchor pile, a pile driver is used for punching holes on site, concrete is poured into the holes to form anchoring bodies, then the anchor is sunk into the holes after primary grouting, secondary grouting is carried out, and finally the anti-floating anchor pile is formed.
The measured data are transmitted to a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system, the data transmission system of the device system is transmitted to a cloud platform in the system through information, and the data of the cloud platform are transmitted to the data processing and analyzing system through 5G.
The loading system comprises a steel base plate, a steel support, a counter-force beam, a steel beam and a jack, wherein the steel base plate is positioned on the top of the anchor rod pile, the steel support is positioned on the steel base plate, and the jack is positioned on the steel beam.
The invention relates to an anti-floating anchor pile test method, which comprises the steps of arranging a first strain sensing optical fiber in an anchor rod, fixing a second strain sensing optical fiber and a temperature sensing optical fiber outside the anchor rod, carrying out an anti-floating anchor pile drawing test through a loading system, leading data collected by a data collecting system into a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system to obtain an anti-floating anchor pile stress strain curve and a time-temperature curve, and displaying the processed data result on a monitoring result display system.
The anti-floating anchor pile test method specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1), selecting steel bars with specified requirements, and fixing the steel bars together to form an anchor rod;
cleaning the surface of the steel bar, paying off the steel bar surface in an ink box line drawing mode, drawing a preset laying line to enable the laying line to be straight, and chiseling a groove along the ink line by using a cutting machine to serve as a line for laying optical fibers;
and (3): cleaning a preset laid line to avoid the optical fiber from being blocked;
step (4), arranging the first strain sensing optical fiber along the groove, wherein the optical fiber is fixedly protected in the groove after the optical fiber is arranged, in addition, the second strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are arranged closely to the periphery of the anchor rod, the optical cable is fixed and pre-tensioned after the arrangement is finished, and the part of the optical fiber pile body is protected by an armored protective sleeve;
step (5), a pile driver is used for punching, concrete is poured in the holes, anchor rods are sunk into holes of the poured concrete, secondary pouring is carried out, measuring points are protected at hole openings, and then anti-floating anchor rod piles are maintained;
step (6), after maintenance is completed, the end parts of the strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are respectively welded with the sensing optical fiber, a heat-shrinkable tube for increasing strength and durability is added at the welded position of the optical fibers, the first strain sensing optical fiber is connected with the fiber bragg grating data acquisition system, the second strain sensing optical fiber is connected with the BOTDRA data acquisition system, and the temperature sensing optical fiber is connected with the DTS data acquisition system;
placing steel backing plates on two sides of the pile top, placing steel supports on the steel backing plates, placing counter-force beams, reinforcing by using I-shaped steel beams, horizontally and centrally placing a jack on the I-shaped steel beams, and finally fixedly placing an anchor backing plate on the upper part of the jack;
step (8), in a load application system, taking an anti-floating anchor rod pile as a center, enabling a jack resultant force center to coincide with a pile axis, and applying required force to perform a drawing test;
step (9), connecting the optical fiber connector with different data acquisition systems in a monitoring tool box according to requirements, setting corresponding parameters, checking system connectivity, then performing initial value acquisition, and verifying monitoring data validity so as to perform subsequent tests;
and (10) transmitting the measured data to a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system to obtain a stress-strain curve and a time-temperature curve of the anti-floating anchor pile, and displaying the processed data result on a monitoring result display system.
In the step 1, the selected steel bars are connected in a point joint and reinforcement mode to form the anchor rods required by the test.
In step 6, the step of fusion splicing the optical fibers comprises:
(a) stripping a coating surface protective layer on the surface of the optical fiber end head, and dipping alcohol by using dust-free paper to wipe dust on the surface of the bare fiber;
(b) cutting the cleaned bare fiber connector, wherein the optical fiber is fixed in a groove reserved by a cutting knife during cutting, and the fracture of the end face of the cut optical fiber is flat;
(c) fixing two prepared optical fibers in a groove of a welding machine, aligning two ends respectively, and starting the welding machine to perform automatic discharge welding on the two ends;
(d) and after the fusion is finished, moving the heat-shrinkable tube sleeved near the end of the optical fiber to a fusion position, and placing the fusion position in a heating device of a fusion machine for heating so that the heat-shrinkable tube is fixed at the fusion position of the optical fiber to obtain protection.
In the step 8, the drawing test is cyclic graded loading, the observation time under each grade of load is not less than 5 minutes, and the number of data reading times is not less than 3.
The working principle is as follows: in the anti-floating anchor pile body deformation monitoring test, the anti-floating anchor pile body strain and temperature are measured with high precision by arranging the first strain sensing optical fiber in the groove in the anti-floating anchor pile body anchor rod and arranging the second strain sensing optical fiber and temperature sensing optical fiber on the periphery, performing a drawing test on the anti-floating anchor pile by using the vertical load applying system, and using the BOTDA data acquisition system, the fiber grating data acquisition system and the DTS data acquisition system. The sensing technology uses light as a carrier and optical fiber as a medium, senses and transmits external signals, and can monitor temperature, strain and breakpoint loss in real time and high-precision for a long time. The specific test process is as follows:
according to the invention, the 0.9mm first strain sensing optical fiber is arranged in the anchor rod in a slotted mode, the first strain sensing optical fiber is fixed by adopting AB glue in a sealing mode, the 2.0mm second strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are fixed on the outer side surface of the anchor rod in a fixed point mode, and the fixed point mode is fixed by adopting a self-locking nylon binding belt, so that the second strain sensing optical fiber is stable and deforms along with the pile body in a. The method comprises the steps of applying required load through a jack vertical load applying system to carry out an anti-floating anchor pile field drawing test, acquiring 0.9mm first strain sensing optical fiber data by using an optical fiber grating data acquisition system, acquiring 2.0mm second strain sensing optical fiber data by using a BODTA data acquisition system, acquiring temperature real-time data by using a DTS data acquisition system, mastering strain distribution and temperature distribution real-time data of pile body deformation of the anti-floating anchor pile, leading the acquired data into a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system, obtaining an anti-floating anchor pile stress strain curve and a time-temperature curve, and displaying a processed data result in a monitoring result display system.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention combines the fiber bragg grating, the BOTDA and the DTS monitoring technology, has the advantages of simple construction wiring, high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, strong anti-interference capability, high data measurement precision, large measurement range and strong environment adaptability, has the characteristics of waterproofness and high temperature resistance, is suitable for the measurement of the anti-floating anchor rod pile, and can resist the accurate and dynamic measurement of the temperature distribution and the strain distribution of the anti-floating anchor rod pile.
(2) The monitoring tool box combines the fiber bragg grating, the BOTDA and the DTS fiber monitoring technology, is small and portable, is suitable for various working environments, and realizes automatic processing of the stress-strain distribution of the anti-floating anchor pile body and the data of the change of the pile body temperature along with time by the configured data processing and analyzing system.
(3) The whole set of test device has high automation degree, simple and rapid operation, good measurement effect, strong adaptability of working environment, wide application prospect and convenient popularization and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inside of the testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of optical fiber arrangement of an anti-floating anchor pile;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of optical fiber layout of the cross section of the anti-floating anchor pile.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the anti-floating anchor pile testing device of the invention comprises an anti-floating anchor pile 1, a sensing assembly, a temperature and humidity sensing system 8, a data acquisition system, a data transmission system, a data processing and analyzing system 10, a monitoring result display system 11, a loading system and a solar panel 23; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the sensing assembly comprises a first strain sensing optical fiber 2 with the thickness of 0.9mm, a second strain sensing optical fiber 3 with the thickness of 2.0mm and a temperature sensing optical fiber 4; the data acquisition system comprises a BOTDA data acquisition system 5, a fiber bragg grating data acquisition system 6 and a DTS data acquisition system 7; the anti-floating anchor pile 1 is a cast-in-place anchor pile, a pile driver is used for punching holes on site, concrete is poured into the holes to form anchoring bodies 16, then the anchor rods 15 are sunk into the holes after primary grouting, secondary grouting is carried out, and finally the anti-floating anchor pile 1 is formed.
The optical fibers adopt 3 types of optical fibers which are respectively a 0.9mm first strain sensing optical fiber 2, a 2.0mm second strain sensing optical fiber 3 and a temperature sensing optical fiber 4, wherein the 0.9mm first strain sensing optical fiber 2 is arranged in the anchor rod 15 in a groove mode, and the 2.0mm second strain sensing optical fiber 3 and the temperature sensing optical fiber 4 are arranged close to the periphery of the anchor rod and are fixed through a binding belt 37.
For the monitoring tool box 12, the first strain sensing optical fiber 2, the second strain sensing optical fiber 3, the temperature sensing optical fiber 4 and the jumper 13 are connected with the monitoring tool box 12 after being welded, and different interfaces, such as a first optical fiber interface 28, a second optical fiber interface 29, a third optical fiber interface 30 and a fourth optical fiber interface 31, are lapped according to different monitoring requirements.
The 0.9mm first strain sensing optical fiber 2 is connected with the fiber bragg grating data acquisition system 6, the 2.0mm second strain sensing optical fiber 3 is connected with the BOTDA data acquisition system 5, the temperature sensing optical fiber 4 is connected with the DTS data acquisition system 7, the acquired data are transmitted into the data processing and analyzing system 10 through the data transmission system 9, the data processing and analyzing system is connected with the monitoring result display system 11, and the processed monitoring data are displayed on the monitoring result display system.
When the device is used for monitoring the drawing test of the anti-floating anchor pile, the jack 21 is used for applying pressure, the optical fiber sensor is welded with the jumper 13 when the monitoring is started, the welding position is protected by the heat shrink tube 14, and then the test monitoring is carried out.
The measured data is transmitted to a data processing and analyzing system 10 through a data transmission system 9, the data transmission system of the device system transmits 5G information to a cloud platform in the system, and the data of the cloud platform is transmitted to the data processing and analyzing system 10 through 5G.
For the temperature and humidity sensing system 8 in the device, the temperature and humidity conditions of the surrounding soil environment or the pile body environment are measured according to requirements by connecting the lead wires into the interface 31 of the temperature and humidity sensing system.
On the outer surface of the monitoring tool box, a two-dimensional code 24 is arranged. The operator can know the detailed principle and the using method of the testing device by scanning the two-dimensional code on the surface of the tool box, and the testing device can be opened only by opening the one-key switch button 25 on the monitoring tool box.
As shown in fig. 1, the testing device of the invention comprises an anti-floating anchor pile, a first strain sensing optical fiber of 0.9mm, a second strain sensing optical fiber of 2.0mm, a temperature sensing optical fiber, a BOTDA data acquisition system, a DTS data acquisition system, an optical fiber grating data acquisition system, a temperature and humidity sensing system, a data transmission system, a data processing and analyzing system, a monitoring result display system and a loading system, wherein the system loading mainly depends on a jack device to provide required tension.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, for the internal schematic view of the monitoring system of the testing device, the monitoring tool box 12 includes four monitoring systems, i.e., a BOTDA data acquisition system 5, a DTS data acquisition system 7, a fiber grating data acquisition system 6, and a temperature and humidity sensing system 8, wherein the data transmission transmits the monitoring data in the computer to the data processing and analyzing system through 5G wireless signals, and the device can also be charged wirelessly through the solar cell panel 23.
In addition, a dust screen 26 is arranged on the outer shell of the monitoring tool box 12, a heat dissipation port 27 is formed in the dust screen, and a display result is displayed through the first display screen 32 and the second display screen 40; the bracket 33 is arranged above the monitoring tool box 12, and the side surface of the monitoring tool box is sequentially provided with a temperature sensor 37, a humidity sensor 38, a lithium battery pack 39, a power supply 41, a cooling fan 42, a wireless data transmission terminal 43 and a power supply lamp 44.
It can be seen from the schematic diagram of laying the optical fibers of the anti-floating anchor rod pile in fig. 4 and the schematic diagram of laying the optical fibers of the cross section of the anti-floating anchor rod pile in fig. 5 that the test device lays the first strain sensing optical fiber 2 of 0.9mm horizontally in the groove, the first strain sensing optical fiber is fixed by the AB glue, the second strain sensing optical fiber 3 of 2.0mm and the temperature sensing optical fiber 8 are fixed on the outer side surface of the anchor rod 15 at a fixed point, and the fixed point is fixed by the self-locking nylon.
The test method of the test device of the invention is as follows:
(1) selecting three HRB400 steel bars with the diameter of 25mm, and forming an anchor rod required by the test in a point connection and reinforcement combining mode;
(2) cleaning the surface of a steel bar, paying off the surface of the steel bar by using an ink box line drawing mode, drawing a preset laying line to enable the laying line to be flat, and chiseling a groove with the diameter of 3mm along an ink line by using a cutting machine to serve as a line for laying optical fibers;
(3) cleaning a preset laid line, and removing foreign matters on the surface to enable the surface to be flat and smooth, so that a section of optical fiber is avoided;
(4) arranging 0.9mm first strain sensing optical fibers along the groove, wherein the optical fibers are fixedly protected in the groove 35 by using AB glue 34 after the optical fibers are arranged, arranging 2.0mm second strain sensing optical fibers and temperature sensing optical fibers to be attached to the periphery of the outer side of the anchor rod, fixing by using a binding belt 36 after the optical fibers are arranged, pre-tensioning the optical cables to enable the distributed optical fiber sensor to be in a stretched straight state, and protecting the part of the optical fiber pile body by using an armored protective sleeve;
(5) punching by using a pile driver, placing a steel pile casing to prevent the anchor rod from being inclined when the anchor rod is placed down during punching, then pouring concrete in the hole, sinking the anchor rod into the hole of the poured concrete, performing secondary grouting maintenance on the concrete by adopting C35 fine-stone concrete, protecting a measuring point at the hole opening, and then maintaining the anti-floating anchor rod pile; after piling is finished, a warning board is placed at the measuring point to warn field constructors, so that the aim of protecting the measuring point is fulfilled; when the pile driver punches, a steel casing is placed, and the anchor rod is ensured to be vertical in the process of lowering the anchor rod, so that the accident that the optical fiber is broken is avoided;
(6) after maintenance is finished, the end parts of the strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are respectively welded with the sensing optical fiber, a heat-shrinkable tube for increasing strength and durability is added at the welding position of the optical fibers, the first strain sensing optical fiber with the thickness of 0.9mm is connected with a fiber grating data acquisition system, the second strain sensing optical fiber with the thickness of 2.0mm is connected with a BOTDA data acquisition system, and the temperature sensing optical fiber is connected with a DTS data acquisition system;
(7) symmetrically placing steel backing plates 17 on two sides of a pile top, placing steel supports 18 on the steel backing plates, then placing reaction beams 19, reinforcing by using I-shaped steel beams 20, then horizontally and centrally placing a jack 21 on the I-shaped steel beams, and finally fixedly placing an anchor backing plate 22 on the upper part of the jack;
(8) the load application system takes the anti-floating anchor rod pile as a center, the resultant force center of the jack is superposed with the pile axis, and required force is applied to carry out a drawing test; the drawing test is cyclic graded loading, the observation time under each grade of load is not less than 5 minutes, and the number of data reading times is not less than 3;
(9) connecting the optical fiber connector with different data acquisition systems in a monitoring tool box according to requirements, setting corresponding parameters, checking system connectivity, then performing initial value acquisition, and verifying monitoring data validity so as to perform subsequent tests;
(10) and transmitting the measured data to a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system to obtain a stress-strain curve and a time-temperature curve of the anti-floating anchor pile, and displaying the processed data result on a monitoring result display system.
In the step (6), when a heat shrinkable tube for increasing rigidity and durability is added at the optical fiber fusion splice, the optical fiber fusion splice step includes:
a. stripping a coating surface protective layer on the surface of the optical fiber end head, and dipping alcohol by using dust-free paper to wipe dust on the surface of the bare fiber;
b. cutting the cleaned bare fiber connector, ensuring that the optical fiber is fixed in a groove reserved by a cutting knife during cutting, and flattening the fracture of the end face of the cut optical fiber;
c. fixing two prepared optical fibers in a groove of a fusion splicer, aligning two ends respectively, and then starting the fusion splicer to perform discharge fusion splicing on the two ends;
d. and after the fusion is finished, moving the heat-shrinkable tube sleeved near the end of the optical fiber to a fusion position, and placing the fusion position in a heating device of a fusion machine for heating so that the heat-shrinkable tube is fixed at the fusion position of the optical fiber to obtain protection.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an anti-floating anchor rod stake test device which characterized in that: the device comprises an anti-floating anchor rod pile (1), a sensing assembly, a temperature and humidity sensing system (8), a data acquisition system, a data transmission system (9), a data processing and analyzing system (10), a monitoring result display system (11) and a loading system;
the sensing assembly is arranged on the outer side of the anti-floating anchor rod pile; the sensing assembly is accessed into the data acquisition system;
the sensing assembly comprises a first strain sensing optical fiber (2), a second strain sensing optical fiber (3) and a temperature sensing optical fiber (4); the first strain sensing optical fiber is arranged in the anchor rod, and the second strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are fixed on the anchor rod;
the data acquisition system comprises a BOTDA data acquisition system (5), a fiber bragg grating data acquisition system (6) and a DTS data acquisition system (7); the data is transmitted to a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system;
the loading system adopts a jack vertical load applying system.
2. The anti-floating anchor rod pile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-floating anchor pile comprises an anchor rod (15) and a poured anchoring body (16), wherein the anchor rod is positioned in the anchoring body.
3. The anti-floating anchor rod pile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data acquired by the data acquisition system are transmitted to a cloud platform in the data transmission system, and the data are transmitted to the data processing and analyzing system after being processed by the cloud platform.
4. The anti-floating anchor rod pile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the loading system comprises a steel base plate (17) positioned on the top of the anchor rod pile, a steel support (18), a counter-force beam (19), a steel beam (20) and a jack (21), wherein the jack is positioned on the steel beam.
5. An anti-floating anchor pile test method is characterized in that: the anti-floating anchor pile testing device of claim 1 is adopted for testing, the first strain sensing optical fiber is arranged inside the anchor rod, the second strain sensing optical fiber and the temperature sensing optical fiber are fixed on the outer side of the anchor rod, the anti-floating anchor pile pulling test is carried out through the loading system, data collected by the data collecting system are led into the data processing and analyzing system through the data transmission system, an anti-floating anchor pile stress strain curve and a time-temperature curve are obtained, and the processed data result is displayed on the monitoring result display system.
6. The anti-floating anchor rod pile test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), selecting steel bars with specified requirements, and fixing the steel bars together to form an anchor rod (1);
cleaning the surface of the steel bar, paying off the steel bar surface in an ink box line drawing mode, and chiseling a groove (35) along the ink line to serve as a line for laying optical fibers;
and (3): cleaning a preset laid line;
fixing the first strain sensing optical fiber (2) in the groove, arranging and fixing the second strain sensing optical fiber (3) and the temperature sensing optical fiber (4) close to the periphery of the anchor rod, pre-tensioning the optical cable, and protecting the part of the optical fiber pile body by using an armored protective sleeve;
step (5), pouring concrete in the holes after punching, sinking the anchor rods into the holes of the poured concrete, then performing secondary pouring, protecting the measuring points at the hole openings, and then curing the anti-floating anchor rod piles;
step (6), after maintenance is completed, respectively welding a first strain sensing optical fiber, a second strain sensing optical fiber and a temperature sensing optical fiber with the sensing optical fibers, adding a heat-shrinkable tube (14) at the welding position of the optical fibers, connecting the first strain sensing optical fiber with a fiber bragg grating data acquisition system, connecting the second strain sensing optical fiber with a BOTDRA data acquisition system, and connecting the temperature sensing optical fiber with a DTS data acquisition system;
step (7), placing steel base plates (17) on two sides of a pile top, placing steel supports (18) on the steel base plates, then placing reaction beams (19), reinforcing by using I-shaped steel beams (20), then placing jacks (21) on the I-shaped steel beams, and finally placing anchor base plates (22) on the jacks;
step (8), in a load application system, taking an anti-floating anchor rod pile as a center, enabling a jack resultant force center to coincide with a pile axis, and applying force to perform a drawing test;
step (9), connecting the optical fiber connector with different data acquisition systems in a monitoring tool box according to requirements, setting corresponding parameters, checking system connectivity, then performing initial value acquisition, and verifying monitoring data validity;
and (10) transmitting the measured data to a data processing and analyzing system through a data transmission system to obtain a stress-strain curve and a time-temperature curve of the anti-floating anchor pile, and displaying the processed data result on a monitoring result display system.
7. The anti-floating anchor rod pile test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (1), the anchor rods required by the test are formed on the selected steel bars in a point joint and reinforcement combining mode.
8. The anti-floating anchor rod pile test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: and (5) placing a steel casing during punching to prevent the anchor rod from being inclined when the anchor rod is lowered.
9. The anti-floating anchor rod pile test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the step of fusing the optical fibers in the step (6) comprises the following steps:
(a) stripping a coating surface protective layer on the surface of the optical fiber end head, and dipping alcohol by using dust-free paper to wipe dust on the surface of the bare fiber;
(b) cutting the cleaned bare fiber connector, wherein the optical fiber is fixed in a groove reserved by a cutting knife during cutting, and the fracture of the end face of the cut optical fiber is flat;
(c) fixing two prepared optical fibers in a groove of a welding machine, aligning two ends respectively, and starting the welding machine to perform automatic discharge welding on the two ends;
(d) and after the fusion is finished, moving the heat-shrinkable tube sleeved near the end of the optical fiber to a fusion position, and placing the fusion position in a heating device of a fusion machine for heating so as to fix the heat-shrinkable tube at the fusion position of the optical fiber.
10. The anti-floating anchor rod pile test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the drawing test in the step (8) is cyclic staged loading.
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