CN112195015A - Mixed refrigerant and refrigerating system - Google Patents
Mixed refrigerant and refrigerating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112195015A CN112195015A CN201910880465.3A CN201910880465A CN112195015A CN 112195015 A CN112195015 A CN 112195015A CN 201910880465 A CN201910880465 A CN 201910880465A CN 112195015 A CN112195015 A CN 112195015A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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Abstract
A mixed refrigerant and a refrigeration system, the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components: a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture comprising R245fa, R600, R404A, R23/R116, R508A/R508B and R14, which is used in a self-cascade refrigeration system and can be used in refrigerators and freezers having a large capacity at an ultra-low temperature of-90 ℃ or lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration systems, in particular to a mixed refrigerant and a refrigeration system.
Background
The self-cascade refrigeration system, also called natural cascade refrigeration system, is a mode for realizing refrigeration in a temperature range of-40 ℃ to-150 ℃, can be used for once compression by only using a single compressor, and utilizes the characteristic that different components in a non-azeotropic mixed refrigeration working medium have different boiling points to naturally separate the refrigeration working medium, thereby achieving the effect of cascade refrigeration.
At present, there are some proportion and application of non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, such as non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant with sealed R245fa, R600, R23 or R508A or R508B or R116, R14 in the refrigeration system, wherein the weight proportion of refrigerant is specifically 40% -80% of the total weight of R245fa and R600; 15 to 47 percent of R23 or R508A or R508B or R116; the weight of R14 is 3-20%, but the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture in the composition can only make the temperature in the refrigerating system reach ultra-low temperature of about-85 ℃, and is difficult to reach even lower ultra-low temperature under proper condensing pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to provide a novel mixed refrigerant, which is intended to at least partially solve at least one of the above mentioned technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mixed refrigerant, comprising the following components:
a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508A and R14, a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508B and R14, a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R116, R508A and R14, or a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R116, R508B and R14;
wherein the total weight ratio of R245fa to R600 is 30% to 70%, the total weight ratio of R404A is 2% to 30%, the total weight ratio of R508A or R508B is 0% to 15%, the total weight ratio of R23 in R508A or R508B is included, the total weight ratio of R23 is 2% to 15%, the total weight ratio of R116 in R508A or R508B is 3% to 15%, the total weight ratio of R14 is 5% to 30%, and the weight ratio of R245fa is 70% or more relative to the sum of the weights of R245fa and R600.
Further, the invention also provides a self-cascade refrigeration system, and the mixed refrigerant is used in the self-cascade refrigeration system.
Based on the technical scheme, the mixed refrigerant and the refrigerating system have at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention utilizes the non-azeotropic refrigerant consisting of the high, middle and low boiling point refrigerants to ensure that the circulation loop of the refrigeration system achieves better refrigeration effect under proper condensation pressure, and particularly finds that the mode of simultaneously adding and controlling R23/R116 and R508A/R508B in a specific content range is beneficial to forming proper temperature difference between a bubble point and a dew point under proper pressure, thereby being beneficial to segregation and separation circulation and improving the refrigeration effect;
(2) the R404A is added into the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a proper standard boiling point difference (40-80 ℃) with other components in the mixed refrigerant, so that the separation effect of segregation and condensation is ensured, and the refrigeration speed can be improved, presumably because the addition of the R404A is beneficial to uniformly carrying out phase change temperature change, thereby reducing heat transfer loss and improving the unit refrigeration capacity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-cascade refrigeration system according to embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
In the mixed refrigerant of the present invention, R245fa is pentafluoropropane (CHF)2CH2CF3) The boiling point is 15.3 ℃. R600 is n-butane (C)4H1n) The boiling point is-0.5 ℃. R404A is R125 (pentafluoroethane CH F2CF3) R134a (trifluoroethane CF)3CH2F) And R143 (tetrafluoroethane CH)3CF3) The boiling point of the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is-46.1 ℃. R116 is hexafluoroethane (CF3CF3) with a boiling point of-78.2 ℃. R23 is trifluoromethane (CHF)3) The boiling point is-82.1 ℃. R508A is R116 (hexafluoroethane CF)3CF3) And R23 (trifluoromethane CHF)3) The boiling point of the mixed azeotropic refrigerant is-85.7 ℃. R508B is R116 (hexafluoroethane CF)3CF3) And R23 (trifluoromethane CHF)3) The mixed azeotropic refrigerant has a boiling point of-86.9 ℃. R14 is carbon tetrafluoride (CF)4) The boiling point is-127.9 ℃.
The mixed refrigerant of the invention specifically comprises the following components: a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508A and R14, a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508B and R14, a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R116, R508A and R14, or a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R116, R508B and R14; the total weight ratio of the sum of R245fa and R600 is 30% to 70%, the total weight ratio of R404A is 2% to 30%, the total weight ratio of R508A or R508B is 0% to 15%, the total weight ratio of R23 in R508A or R508B is included, the total weight ratio of R23 is 2% to 15%, the total weight ratio of R116 in R508A or R508B is 3% to 15%, the total weight ratio of R14 is 5% to 30%, and the weight ratio of R245fa is 70% or more relative to the total weight of R245fa and R600.
In the mixed refrigerant of the present invention, R600 used is n-butane (C)4H10) The oil can be well fused with lubricating oil of a compressor in a refrigeration system to play a good oil return role, but the oil has certain flammability, and is processed into non-flammable oil after being mixed with non-flammable R245fa according to a certain proportion, and the proportion of R600 in the total weight of the mixture is less than 30%, preferably less than 25%.
The mixed refrigerant adopts the mode that R23/R116 and R508A/R508B are added at the same time and are controlled within a proper range, so that a proper temperature difference is formed between a bubble point and a dew point under proper pressure, the fractional condensation separation circulation is facilitated, and the refrigeration effect is improved. Preferably, the total weight proportion of R508A or R508B is 10% to 15%, more preferably 13%; the total weight of R23 including R508A or R23 in R508B accounts for 5-15%, and is more preferably 15%; the total weight of R116 including R116 in R508A or R508B is 6% to 15%, more preferably 8%. Wherein the content of R23 and R116 is controlled within the above range, it is advantageous to avoid the damage to the components of the refrigeration system due to the excessive condensation pressure caused by the excessive content.
After the R404A is added, the refrigerant is compounded with other components in the mixed refrigerant, the separation and segregation effects are ensured, and the refrigeration speed can be improved, presumably because the addition of the R404A is beneficial to uniformly carrying out phase change temperature change, so that the heat transfer loss is reduced, and the unit refrigeration capacity is improved, and compared with the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, the R404A weight ratio is preferably 5-25%, more preferably 17%. Preferably, the R404A used can be replaced by a mixture of R404A and n-pentane, the weight ratio of the n-pentane to the mixture of the R404A and the n-pentane is 2-10%, wherein the n-pentane has a good blending effect with compressor oil in a refrigeration system and has a certain oil return effect, and more preferably, the weight ratio of the n-pentane is 4%.
The low boiling point of R14 is advantageous in lowering the temperature in the storage, but as the weight ratio thereof increases, there is a problem that the high-side pressure becomes too high, resulting in damage to the compressor equipment or deterioration in startability. The weight ratio of R14 is preferably 10% to 20%, more preferably 14% with respect to the zeotropic refrigerant mixture.
The mixed refrigerant is used in a self-cascade refrigeration system, and can enable the interior of a refrigerator, a freezer or a cold storage with large volume to reach ultralow temperature below-90 ℃. Conventional self-cascade refrigeration systems such as single-stage fractional condensation refrigeration systems and multi-stage fractional condensation refrigeration systems can all use the mixed refrigerants provided by the present invention for refrigeration.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which should be understood as merely illustrative and not limitative.
Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
In examples 1-3 and comparative example 1, a 800L vertical refrigerator with two independent self-cascade refrigeration systems each filled with the same weight of mixed refrigerant was used as the subject. Each set of self-cascade refrigeration system adopts the same design, as shown in fig. 1 specifically, includes the following structure: the system comprises a compressor 1, a condenser combination 2, an auxiliary condenser 2a, a condenser 2b, a frame pipe 3, a compressor oil cooling pipe 4, a drying filter 5, a flow divider 6, a capillary tube 7, a heat exchanger I8, a heat exchanger I inner tube 8a, a heat exchanger I outer tube 8b, a heat exchanger II 9, a heat exchanger II inner tube 9a, a heat exchanger II outer tube 9b, a heat exchanger III10, a heat exchanger III outer tube 10a, a heat exchanger III capillary tube 10b, an evaporator 11, an expansion tank 12, an expansion tank capillary tube 13 and a fan 14.
The refrigerant mixture sealed in the refrigeration circuit is a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508A, and R14, is compressed and discharged by the compressor 1, enters the auxiliary condenser 2a of the condenser assembly 2, is blown by the condensing fan 14, cools the refrigerant mixture at high temperature and high pressure by heat dissipation, passes through the frame tube 3, is cooled, and enters the compressor oil cooling tube 4 inside the casing of the compressor 1 to cool the oil of the compressor 1.
Then, the mixed refrigerant enters the condenser 2b of the condenser assembly 2, is blown by the condensing fan 14 to cool the mixed refrigerant again, and after the mixed refrigerant passes through the condenser 2b, R245fa, R600, and R404A therein are cooled to be substantially liquid refrigerant, and together with R23, R508A, and R14 which are not cooled to be substantially gaseous refrigerant, moisture is removed by the drying filter 5, and the refrigerant enters the flow divider 6, and the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant are separated by the flow divider 6.
The separated liquid refrigerant is throttled, cooled and depressurized through the capillary tube 7, the throttled liquid refrigerant enters the outer tube 8b of the heat exchanger I8 to cool the gaseous refrigerant in the inner tube 8a of the heat exchanger I8 flowing through the flow divider 6, and at this time, the evaporation temperature of the R245fa, R600 and R404A refrigerant flowing through the outer tube 8b of the heat exchanger I is suitable for cooling the R23 and R508A refrigerant in the refrigerant to be in a substantially liquid state, but because the boiling point of R14 is-127.9 ℃, the refrigerant cannot be cooled by the R245fa, R600 and R404A with high boiling point temperature when flowing through the outer tube 8b of the heat exchanger I, and still keeps a substantially gaseous state.
R23 and R508A of the substantially liquid refrigerant and R14 of the substantially gaseous refrigerant flow into the heat exchanger II inner tube 9a of the heat exchanger II 9, and during this time, they are cooled by R23, R508A and R14 of the heat exchanger II outer tube 9b, which are evaporated by the evaporator 11 to become low temperature and low pressure, and become a substantially liquid state, and at this time, a part of R14 which is not evaporated by the evaporator 11 is evaporated and cools the heat exchanger II outer tube 9a at a lower temperature.
The substantially liquid refrigerant R23, R508A, and R14 flowing through tube 9a in heat exchanger II passes through heat exchanger III capillary tube 10a in heat exchanger III 10. At this time, the refrigerant is further cooled by heat exchange with the R23, R508A, and R14 refrigerant which has been returned by the evaporation plunger 11 into the outer tube 10b of the heat exchanger III and has become low temperature and low pressure by evaporation by the evaporator 11, and evaporation in the evaporator 11 after liquefaction is further promoted. The refrigerant flowing through the capillary tube 10a of the heat exchanger III and the outer tube 10b of the heat exchanger III in the heat exchanger III10 can play a role of heat regeneration, and the working efficiency of the refrigeration system can be further improved.
The low-temperature and low-pressure R23, R508A and R14 refrigerants flowing from the evaporator 11 to the outer tube 9b of the heat exchanger II are partially evaporated in the outer tube 9b of the heat exchanger II, heat-exchanged with the refrigerant flowing in the inner tube 9a of the heat exchanger II in the opposite direction, changed into gaseous refrigerants, flow into the outer tube 8b of the heat exchanger I, mixed with the throttled and depressurized R245fa, R600 and R404A flowing into the outer tube 8b of the heat exchanger I, cooled by the gaseous refrigerants of R23, R508A and R14 flowing through the inner tube 8a of the heat exchanger I, and then flow out from the other outlet of the outer tube 8b of the heat exchanger I8 and finally return to the suction tube of the compressor 1.
In addition, an expansion tank 12 and an expansion tank capillary tube 13 are used in this refrigeration circuit. When the refrigeration system does not operate and keeps a static state, the pressure of each part in the loop is balanced, when the cabinet is electrified and the compressor operates, the mixed refrigerant quickly enters the muffler of the compressor 1, so that the exhaust pressure of the compressor 1 is too high, and the compressor 1 is shut down due to overvoltage protection and is easy to damage. By using the expansion tank 12, a part of the refrigerant is stored in the expansion tank 12 when the refrigeration system is at rest, thereby keeping the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit appropriate. When the refrigerating system is initially operated, the refrigerant stored in the expansion tank 12 slowly enters the muffler of the compressor 1 through the expansion tank capillary tube 13, so that the pressure rise of the exhaust gas of the compressor 1 can be restrained, and the compressor can be protected.
In the self-cascade system used by the mixed refrigerant in the embodiment, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 1 to the evaporator 11 through the condenser 2 and flows back to the compressor 1 from the evaporator 11, and the refrigerant form reverse flow, so that sufficient heat exchange is performed among the inner pipes and the outer pipes of the heat exchanger I8, the heat exchanger II 9 and the heat exchanger III10, lower temperature in the evaporator 11 is ensured, and the internal temperature of the refrigerator is sufficiently reduced.
After the mixed refrigerant is mixed according to the proportion shown in the table 1, the temperature of the center in the refrigerator can reach below-90 ℃ when the internal temperature of the refrigerator is 30 ℃ outside the external environment.
TABLE 1
The results in table 1 show that the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce the temperature in the large-volume ultra-low temperature refrigerator cabinet, and break through the types and proportions of the mixed refrigerants described in the previous reports, and compared in matching with similar refrigeration systems, so that the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment of the present invention does not generate an excessive condensing pressure in the experiment, and can achieve the effect of similar or even lower temperature. Also, as can be seen from examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1, the addition of R404A is advantageous in enhancing the refrigerating effect, and within a suitable content range, the refrigerating speed is faster as the weight ratio thereof increases.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A mixed refrigerant, characterized in that it comprises the following composition:
a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508A and R14, a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R23, R508B and R14, a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R116, R508A and R14, or a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing R245fa, R600, R404A, R116, R508B and R14;
relative to the total weight of the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture,
the total weight ratio of R245fa and R600 is 30-70%,
the total weight of R404A is 2-30%,
the total weight ratio of R508A or R508B is 0-15%,
contains R508A or R23 in R508B, the total weight of R23 accounts for 2-15%,
including R116 in R508A or R508B, the total weight of R116 accounts for 3-15%,
the total weight of R14 accounts for 5-30%,
and the weight of R245fa is 70% or more relative to the sum of the weights of R245fa and R600.
2. The mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is mixed with the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant,
the total weight of the R245fa and the R600 accounts for 35 to 60 percent,
the total weight of R404A accounts for 5-25%,
the total weight ratio of R508A or R508B is 10 percent to 15 percent,
contains R508A or R23 in R508B, the total weight of R23 accounts for 5-15%,
including R116 in R508A or R508B, the total weight of R116 accounts for 6-15%,
the total weight of R14 accounts for 10-20%,
and the weight of R245fa is 75% or more relative to the sum of the weights of R245fa and R600.
3. The mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is mixed with the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant,
the total weight of R245fa and R600 together is 46%,
the total weight of R404A is 17%,
the total weight of R508A is 13%,
the total weight of R23 including R23 in R508A accounts for 15%,
the total weight of R14 is 14%,
and the weight of R245fa relative to the sum of the weights of R245fa and R600 is 75%.
4. The mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein R404A is replaced by a mixture of R404A and n-pentane, and the weight ratio of the n-pentane to the total weight of R404A and the n-pentane is 2-10%.
5. A self-cascade refrigeration system in which the mixed refrigerant of any one of claims 1 to 4 is used.
6. The self-laminating refrigeration system of claim 5, wherein the self-laminating refrigeration system is a refrigerator, freezer, or freezer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111359001.1A CN114058334B (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Mixed refrigerant and refrigeration system |
| CN201910880465.3A CN112195015B (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Mixed refrigerant and refrigerating system |
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| CN201910880465.3A CN112195015B (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Mixed refrigerant and refrigerating system |
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| CN112195015A true CN112195015A (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114111079A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 衢州荣强化工有限公司 | Refrigerant capable of reducing flammability |
| WO2023285652A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | B Medical Systems S.à r.l. | Medical contact shock freezer |
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| US20040124394A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-07-01 | Chuan Weng | Non-HCFC refrigerant mixture for an ultra-low temperature refrigeration system |
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| GB201211208D0 (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-08-08 | Stenhouse James T | Materials and methods to improve energy efficiency and enable ultra fast recovery after defrost cycle in cascade refrigeration systems |
| WO2014088732A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | Conocophillips Company | Use of alternate refrigerants in optimized cascade process |
| WO2014156190A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | パナソニックヘルスケア株式会社 | Dual refrigeration device |
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| US20040124394A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-07-01 | Chuan Weng | Non-HCFC refrigerant mixture for an ultra-low temperature refrigeration system |
| CN1821681A (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-08-23 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Freezer unit |
| CN1952527A (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2007-04-25 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Freezing device |
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| CN101672543A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-17 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Refrigeration system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023285652A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | B Medical Systems S.à r.l. | Medical contact shock freezer |
| CN114111079A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 衢州荣强化工有限公司 | Refrigerant capable of reducing flammability |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114058334B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
| CN114058334A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
| CN112195015B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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