CN112192196A

CN112192196A - Screw machine capable of automatically screwing screw

Info

Publication number: CN112192196A
Application number: CN202011020173.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁辉; 金华峰; 邓大金; 陈勇; 鲁鹏; 李恒; 李朋; 吴催催; 王翔; 汤冬冬; 高长标; 吕亮
Original assignee: Nanjing Electric Power Automation Equipment Third Factory Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Electric Power Automation Equipment Third Factory Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-25
Publication date: 2021-01-08

Abstract

The invention relates to a screw machine for automatically screwing screws, which is applied to the technical field of mechanical equipment for assembling screws and solves the technical problems of low efficiency and high cost caused by manual screw assembling; the positioning device comprises a first positioning plate which vertically slides, a second positioning plate which is perpendicular to the first positioning plate and can horizontally slide, and a pressing plate which is used for extruding the upper surface of a workpiece, the rotating device comprises a rotating motor and a screwdriver which is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating motor, and a driving device which is used for driving the screwdriver to move is arranged on the rack. The invention has the advantages that: replace artifical the twisting screw through equipment, improve production efficiency, reduce artifical intensity of labour's effect.

Description

Screw machine capable of automatically screwing screw

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment for assembling screws, in particular to a screw machine for automatically screwing screws.

Background

The electric power metering equipment comprises various instruments including an electric energy meter, a concentrator, a mutual inductor and the like, wherein the electric energy meter is an instrument for measuring electric energy, and relates to a single-phase electric energy meter and a three-phase electric energy meter, wherein the three-phase electric energy meter has two access modes, namely a direct access type three-phase electric energy meter and a mutual inductor access type three-phase electric energy meter.

A screw machine is a device used to assemble screws. The assembly of electric power metering equipment itself needs to use a lot of screws, still needs to insert multichannel circuit simultaneously, need use binding post and screw when the wiring, contains dozens of screws on an electric power equipment usually.

The screw on the existing electric power metering equipment is screwed manually, but the speed of screwing the screw manually is greatly limited due to human factors, and meanwhile, the problems of process direct current safety such as less screwing, non-screwing of the screw and the like caused by personnel fatigue and carelessness are solved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the screw machine for automatically screwing the screws.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a screw machine for automatically screwing screws comprises a rack, a conveying device arranged in the rack and used for conveying workpieces, a positioning device used for positioning and fixing the workpieces and a rotating device used for screwing screws on the workpieces; the positioning device comprises a first positioning plate which vertically slides, a second positioning plate which is perpendicular to the first positioning plate and can horizontally slide, and a pressing plate which is used for extruding the upper surface of a workpiece, the rotating device comprises a rotating motor and a screwdriver which is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating motor, and a driving device which is used for driving the screwdriver to move is arranged on the rack.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the workpiece is placed on the conveying device and then conveyed to a designated position, and the workpiece occupies an accurate position after being positioned by the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, so that the rotating device can conveniently identify the position of the workpiece. The servo mechanism drives the rotary motor and the screwdriver to descend firstly, so that the screwdriver is in butt joint with the screw, the rotary motor drives the screwdriver to rotate, and the screw is screwed on the workpiece. After the assembly of once, servo move rotating electrical machines and screwdriver to the position that next department need twist the screw, realize the function of automatic assembly screw like this, replace the manual work to twist the screw, improve production efficiency, reduce artifical intensity of labour.

Further setting: the driving device comprises a longitudinal servo mechanism used for driving the rotating motor to longitudinally move, the longitudinal servo mechanism comprises a connecting frame and a driving cylinder fixed on the connecting frame, the rotating motor is vertically connected to the connecting frame in a sliding mode, and the driving cylinder is used for driving the rotating motor to longitudinally move.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the up-and-down movement of the rotating device is realized by driving the air cylinder.

Further setting: the rotary motor is fixedly provided with a fixing frame, a connecting rod is fixed on a piston rod of the driving air cylinder and penetrates through the fixing frame, and the connecting rod is sleeved with two first springs which are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fixing frame.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the workpiece is a plastic product, the driving cylinder drives the screwdriver to descend, and when the screwdriver is not in butt joint with the screw or the screw is not in butt joint with the threaded hole in the screwing process, the workpiece is easily damaged. Above-mentioned setting for the mount can the oscilaltion, has the space of elastic activity, avoids causing the damage to the work piece.

Further setting: the connecting frame is vertically and fixedly provided with a guide rail, and the fixing frame is connected to the guide rail in a sliding manner.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the guide rail plays a role in guiding and limiting the sliding of the fixing frame.

Further setting: the driving device further comprises a transverse servo mechanism used for driving the rotating motor to transversely move, the transverse servo mechanism comprises a slide rail fixed on the rack, a lead screw connected in the slide rail in a rotating mode and a servo motor used for driving the lead screw to rotate, a slide plate is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding mode, the slide plate is in threaded connection with the lead screw, and the connecting frame is installed on the slide plate.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: after the servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the sliding plate slides on the sliding rail, and the longitudinal servo mechanism and the rotating device are further driven to transversely move, so that the rotating device can correspond to different screws.

Further setting: the sliding plate is horizontally slid by a plurality of connecting frames, an adjusting cylinder for adjusting the distance between the connecting frames is arranged between the adjacent connecting frames, and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the adjusting cylinder are fixedly connected with the two connecting frames respectively.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the connecting frames are convenient for assembling screws on a plurality of workpieces at the same time, the sizes of the workpieces are different, so that the distance between the adjacent connecting frames is also unequal, and the distance between the adjacent connecting frames is adjusted through the adjusting cylinder, so that the workpieces can be kept to be synchronously changed with the sizes of the workpieces.

Further setting: the fixing frame is vertically and fixedly provided with a pressing rod, the pressing plate is fixed at the lower end of the pressing rod, and when the fixing frame moves downwards, the pressing plate contacts with a workpiece earlier than a screwdriver.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: because the space in the frame is limited, the up-and-down movement of the pressing plate is completed by a longitudinal servo mechanism, so that the phenomenon that an additional air cylinder is arranged to drive the pressing plate to move up and down is avoided.

Further setting: and a driving piece for driving the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate to move is fixed on the frame.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the driving piece is used for automatically driving the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate to move, and has the function of automatic positioning.

Further setting: the material blocking device is used for preventing a workpiece from entering a station and comprises a support fixed on the frame, a vertically sliding baffle and a lifting cylinder fixed on the support and used for driving the baffle to move.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: when the workpiece is being assembled, the material blocking device blocks the workpiece to be assembled, and the workpiece to be machined is prevented from influencing the workpiece to be machined.

Further setting: the conveying device comprises a conveying roller which is rotatably connected to the rack and a belt which is sleeved on the conveying roller.

The effect that above-mentioned setting reached: the belt is used for conveying the work piece in the frame, again with the work piece spread out of the frame, when the work piece passes through the frame, the screw is assembled to the work piece.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the automatic screw twisting machine has the function of automatically twisting screws, replaces manual screw twisting, accelerates production efficiency and reduces manual labor;

2. the arrangement of the first spring and the second spring plays a role in protecting the workpiece, and the workpiece is prevented from being damaged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment after influencing the housing of the rack;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment embodying the driving means and the rotating means;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment embodying the longitudinal servo mechanism and the rotating means;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transfer device according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the guide seat according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the retainer and the guide base after explosion in the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the interior of the guide shoe of the present embodiment;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram showing the working principle of the limiting device of the embodiment.

In the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a conveying device; 3. a rotating device; 31. a rotating electric machine; 32. a screwdriver; 33. an elastic seat; 34. a fixed mount; 341. a first slider; 342. a second slider; 35. a connecting rod; 36. a second spring; 37. a guide seat; 371. a channel; 372. an inner bore; 38. a limiting device; 381. a clamping jaw; 382. a return spring; 383. a limiting hole; 41. a first positioning plate; 42. a second positioning plate; 43. pressing a plate; 44. a drive member; 45. a pressure lever; 5. a lateral servo mechanism; 51. a servo motor; 52. a slide rail; 53. a slide plate; 6. a longitudinal servo mechanism; 61. a connecting frame; 62. a driving cylinder; 63. a connecting rod; 64. a first spring; 65. a guide rail; 7. a material blocking device; 71. a baffle plate; 72. a lifting cylinder; 73. and (4) a bracket.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1-4, a screw machine for automatically screwing screws, a frame 1, a conveying device 2 arranged in the frame 1, and a rotating device 3 for screwing screws onto workpieces, wherein a positioning device is further arranged in the frame 1, the workpieces are placed on the conveying device 2, the conveying device 2 conveys the workpieces to the position of the rotating device 3, after the workpieces are positioned and fixed by the positioning device, the rotating device 3 screws the screws onto the workpieces, and after the assembly is finished, the conveying device 2 conveys the workpieces out.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the positioning device includes a first positioning plate 41, a second positioning plate 42 and a pressing plate 43, a driving member 44 is fixedly disposed on the frame 1, the driving member 44 may be an air cylinder, the driving member 44 drives the first positioning plate 41 to move vertically, the driving member 44 drives the second positioning plate 42 to move horizontally, the first positioning plate 41 is disposed along the width direction of the conveying device 2, and the second positioning plate 42 is disposed along the length direction of the conveying device 2. When the workpiece to be machined moves, the first positioning plate 41 descends, so that the workpiece does not move in the conveying direction of the conveying device 2 after contacting the first positioning plate 41, and then the second positioning plate 42 moves to further adjust the position of the workpiece, so that the workpiece occupies an accurate position. Finally, the pressing plate 43 is moved downward to press the workpiece, thereby preventing the workpiece from moving.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the conveying device 2 includes two conveying rollers rotatably connected to the frame 1 and a belt sleeved on the conveying rollers, and a motor is fixed on the frame 1 and used for driving the conveying rollers to rotate automatically.

Referring to fig. 3, a material blocking device 7 for preventing the workpiece from entering the station is arranged at the feeding end of the conveying device 2 on the frame 1, and when the workpiece is being assembled, the material blocking device 7 blocks the workpiece to be assembled, so that the workpiece to be assembled is prevented from influencing the workpiece being processed. The material blocking device 7 comprises a bracket 73 fixed on the frame 1, a baffle 71 which slides vertically and a lifting cylinder 72 which is fixed on the bracket 73 and used for driving the baffle 71 to move, and when the lifting cylinder 72 drives the baffle 71 to move downwards, the effect of blocking a workpiece is achieved; when the lifting cylinder 72 drives the baffle 71 to ascend, the workpiece can move smoothly.

Referring to fig. 2-6, the rotating device 3 includes a rotating motor 31 and a screwdriver 32 fixed on the output shaft of the rotating motor 31, and the frame 1 is provided with a driving device for driving the screwdriver 32 to move. When the workpiece moves to the set position, the driving device drives the screwdriver 32 to move downwards, so that after the screwdriver 32 is in butt joint with the screw, the rotating motor 31 drives the screwdriver 32 to rotate, and the screw is automatically screwed on the workpiece. When a screw is assembled, the driving device moves the rotating motor 31 and the screwdriver 32 to the next position where the screw needs to be screwed.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the driving means includes a longitudinal servo 6 for driving the longitudinal movement of the rotary motor 31 and a lateral servo 5 for driving the lateral movement of the rotary motor 31. The transverse servo mechanism 5 comprises a slide rail 52 horizontally fixed on the rack 1 along the length direction of the conveying device 2 and a slide plate 53 connected on the slide rail 52 in a sliding manner, a screw rod is connected in the slide rail 52 in a rotating manner, the slide plate 53 is in threaded connection with the screw rod, a servo motor 51 is fixed at the end part of the slide rail 52, and the servo motor 51 is used for driving the screw rod to rotate. When the servo motor 51 drives the screw rod to rotate, the sliding plate 53 slides on the sliding rail 52.

Referring to fig. 3-6, the longitudinal servo mechanism 6 includes a connecting frame 61, and a driving cylinder 62 fixed on the connecting frame 61, the rotating motor 31 is vertically slidably connected to the connecting frame 61, the driving cylinder 62 is used for driving the rotating motor 31 to move longitudinally, and the connecting frame 61 is mounted on the sliding plate 53. Two connecting frames 61 are arranged on the same sliding plate 53, the connecting frames 61 are horizontally connected to the sliding plate 53 in a sliding mode, an adjusting cylinder is arranged between every two adjacent connecting frames 61, and a cylinder body and a piston rod of each adjusting cylinder are fixedly connected with different connecting frames 61 respectively. Thus, the screws can be assembled on two workpieces at the same time.

Referring to fig. 3-7, a fixing frame 34 is fixedly arranged on the rotating electrical machine 31, a guide rail 65 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the connecting frame 61, the fixing frame 34 is slidably connected to the guide rail 65, a connecting rod 63 is fixed on a piston rod of the driving cylinder 62, the connecting rod 63 penetrates through the fixing frame 34, two first springs 64 are sleeved on the connecting rod 63, and the two first springs 64 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fixing frame 34. When the driving cylinder 62 drives the connecting rod 63 to move downwards, the connecting rod 63 drives the fixing frame 34 to move downwards, and the screwdriver 32 contacts with a workpiece, the first spring 64 is elastically compressed. The workpiece is made of plastic, the driving cylinder 62 drives the screwdriver 32 to descend, and when the screwdriver 32 is not butted with a screw in the screwing process or the screw is not butted with a threaded hole, the workpiece is easily damaged. Due to the arrangement, the fixing frame 34 can float up and down, and an elastic moving space exists, so that the workpiece is prevented from being damaged.

Referring to fig. 6, an open elastic seat 33 is fixed to an output shaft of the rotating electric machine 31, the screw driver 32 is coaxially inserted into the elastic seat 33, and a locking pin is threadedly coupled to the elastic seat 33 in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the elastic seat 33. The locking pin is turned so that the opening of the elastic seat 33 is gradually narrowed to fix the driver 32, which is provided to facilitate the replacement of different types of drivers 32.

Referring to fig. 4 to 9, the fixing frame 34 includes a first slider 341, a second slider 342 and a connecting rod 35 for connecting the first slider 341 and the second slider 342, the rotating electrical machine 31 is fixed on the first slider 341, the connecting rod 35 is sleeved with a second spring 36, two ends of the second spring 36 respectively abut against the first slider 341 and the second slider 342, and a piston rod of the driving cylinder 62 is fixedly connected to the first slider 341. The fixed guide holder 37 that sets up on the second slider 342, the vertical hole 372 that runs through guide holder 37 of seting up in the guide holder 37, screwdriver 32 slide and connect in hole 372, slope on the guide holder 37 and set up the passageway 371 that communicates with hole 372, passageway 371 is used for letting in the screw, and passageway 371 is used for connecting the box (not shown in the figure) that is equipped with the screw for the screw can be in an orderly access channel 371. The guide block 37 is provided with a stop device 38 through which only one screw can pass at a time.

Referring to fig. 4-9, initially, the pressing plate 43 is not in contact with the workpiece, at this time, the distance between the first slider 341 and the second slider 342 is the largest, the screwdriver 32 is located above the position limiting device 38, the position where the channel 371 and the inner hole 372 are butted is marked as S, the screwdriver 32 in the initial state is located above the S, so that the screw can smoothly enter the inner hole 372 from the channel 371, the position limiting device 38 prevents the screw from falling from the through hole, the distance between the position limiting device 38 and the S is equal to the length of the screw, so that the screw in the channel 371 is blocked by the screw in the inner hole 372, and only one screw is in the inner hole 372. When the driving cylinder 62 drives the first sliding block 341 and the second sliding block 53 to descend, firstly, the pressing plate 43 contacts and presses the workpiece, then the piston rod of the driving cylinder 62 continues to descend, the first spring 64 and the second spring 36 are both compressed, at this time, the first sliding block 341 and the second sliding block 342 approach each other, so that the screwdriver 32 is butted with the screw in the inner hole 372, then the screw is forcibly extruded, so that the screw passes through the limiting device 38 and finally falls into the threaded hole on the workpiece, and finally, the screwdriver 32 rotates, so that the screw is screwed on the workpiece. The elastic coefficient of the second spring 36 is smaller than that of the first spring 64, so that the second spring 36 is elastically deformed first and the first spring 64 is elastically deformed later, and thus the driver 32 is preferably selected to move first.

Referring to fig. 8, when the assembly of one screw is completed, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 62 is retracted, and the screwdriver 32 is returned to the initial position, so that the next screw can enter the inner hole 372, thereby realizing the continuous automatic assembly of the screws.

Referring to fig. 7-9, the limiting device 38 includes two clamping jaws 381 that are arranged in mirror symmetry, the middle part of the clamping jaw 381 is rotatably connected to the guide seat 37, a jack communicated with the inner hole 372 is horizontally arranged on the guide seat 37, the lower end of the clamping jaw 381 is inserted into the jack, a return spring 382 is fixed to the upper end of the clamping jaw 381, two ends of the return spring 382 respectively abut against the clamping jaw 381 and the guide seat 37, so that the lower ends of the clamping jaws 381 are close to each other, a semicircular limiting hole 383 that is smaller than the screw in diameter is arranged at the lower end of the clamping jaw 381, and the limiting holes 383 on the two clamping jaws 381 are just spliced into a complete circular limiting hole 383. The lower extreme of two clamping jaws 381 docks each other at the beginning, and when screwdriver 32 squeezes the screw, screw extrusion clamping jaw 381 for clamping jaw 381 opens, and the screw can pass spacing hole 383, and simultaneously, reset spring 382 is compressed, and when screwdriver 32 upwards removed, when breaking away from clamping jaw 381, clamping jaw 381 resets under the effect of reset spring 382.

The implementation principle of the above embodiment is as follows: firstly, a workpiece is placed on a conveying device 2, the conveying device 2 conveys the workpiece to a position corresponding to a rotating device 3, the workpiece occupies an accurate position after being positioned by a first positioning plate 41 and a second positioning plate 42, finally, a driving cylinder 62 drives a rotating motor 31 and a screwdriver 32 to descend, the screwdriver 32 is butted with a screw, the rotating motor 31 drives the screwdriver 32 to rotate, and the screw is assembled on the workpiece; after the first assembly is finished, the rotating device 3 is moved, and the process is repeated.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic screw machine of screwing screw which characterized in that: the device comprises a rack (1), a conveying device (2) arranged in the rack (1) and used for conveying workpieces, a positioning device used for positioning and fixing the workpieces and a rotating device (3) used for screwing the workpieces; the positioning device comprises a first positioning plate (41) which vertically slides, a second positioning plate (42) which is perpendicular to the first positioning plate (41) and can horizontally slide, and a pressing plate (43) used for extruding the upper surface of a workpiece, the rotating device (3) comprises a rotating motor (31) and a screwdriver (32) fixed on an output shaft of the rotating motor (31), and a driving device used for driving the screwdriver (32) to move is arranged on the rack (1).

2. The machine according to claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a longitudinal servo mechanism (6) used for driving the rotating motor (31) to longitudinally move, the longitudinal servo mechanism (6) comprises a connecting frame (61) and a driving air cylinder (62) fixed on the connecting frame (61), the rotating motor (31) is vertically connected to the connecting frame (61) in a sliding mode, and the driving air cylinder (62) is used for driving the rotating motor (31) to longitudinally move.

3. The screwing machine for automatically screwing a screw according to claim 2, wherein: the rotary motor (31) is fixedly provided with a fixing frame (34), a connecting rod (63) is fixed on a piston rod of the driving cylinder (62), the connecting rod (63) penetrates through the fixing frame (34), two first springs (64) are sleeved on the connecting rod (63), and the first springs (64) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fixing frame (34).

4. A screwing machine for automatically screwing screws according to claim 3, characterized in that: the connecting frame (61) is vertically and fixedly provided with a guide rail (65), and the fixing frame (34) is connected to the guide rail (65) in a sliding manner.

5. The screwing machine for automatically screwing a screw according to claim 2, wherein: the driving device further comprises a transverse servo mechanism (5) used for driving the rotating motor (31) to transversely move, the transverse servo mechanism (5) comprises a sliding rail (52) fixed on the rack (1), a screw rod connected in the sliding rail (52) in a rotating mode and a servo motor (51) used for driving the screw rod to rotate, a sliding plate (53) is arranged on the sliding rail (52) in a sliding mode, the sliding plate (53) is connected with the screw rod in a threaded mode, and the connecting frame (61) is installed on the sliding plate (53).

6. The machine for automatically screwing screws according to claim 5, wherein: the sliding plate (53) is horizontally slid to form a plurality of connecting frames (61), an adjusting cylinder used for adjusting the distance between the connecting frames (61) is arranged between the adjacent connecting frames (61), and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the adjusting cylinder are respectively fixedly connected with the two connecting frames (61).

7. A screwing machine for automatically screwing screws according to claim 3, characterized in that: a pressing rod (45) is vertically and fixedly arranged on the fixing frame (34), the pressing plate (43) is fixed at the lower end of the pressing rod (45), and when the fixing frame (34) moves downwards, the pressing plate (43) is in contact with a workpiece earlier than the screwdriver (32).

8. The machine according to claim 1, wherein: and a driving piece (44) for driving the first positioning plate (41) and the second positioning plate (42) to move is fixed on the frame (1).

9. The machine according to claim 1, wherein: the material blocking device (7) used for preventing a workpiece from entering a station is arranged at the feeding end of the conveying device (2) on the rack (1), and the material blocking device (7) comprises a support (73) fixed on the rack (1), a baffle (71) which vertically slides and a lifting cylinder (72) which is fixed on the support (73) and used for driving the baffle (71) to move.

10. The machine according to claim 1, wherein: conveyer (2) are established the belt on the conveying roller including rotating the conveying roller of connecting on frame (1) and cover.