CN112191361A - Method and production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification - Google Patents
Method and production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification Download PDFInfo
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- CN112191361A CN112191361A CN202011029514.1A CN202011029514A CN112191361A CN 112191361 A CN112191361 A CN 112191361A CN 202011029514 A CN202011029514 A CN 202011029514A CN 112191361 A CN112191361 A CN 112191361A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C7/00—Apparatus not provided for in group B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Multiple arrangements not provided for in one of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Combinations of apparatus covered by two or more of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/28—Ammonium phosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification, and belongs to the technical field of ammonium phosphate production. The method comprises the following steps: (1) the phosphorite slurry with the density of 1.25 to 1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent is obtained by the treatment of a primary cyclone (5), and the taper at the bottom of the primary cyclone is 30 to 45 degrees; (2) sending the phosphorus ore pulp obtained in the step (1) to a secondary cyclone for processing to respectively obtain low-grade ore pulp and high-grade ore pulp, wherein the pressure is 0.08-0.12MPa, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone is 18-25 degrees; (3) conveying the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a magnesium removal device for magnesium removal treatment, and preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate after the magnesium removal treatment; (4) and (3) sending the low-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a concentration thickening tank to increase the density of the ore pulp to 1.60-1.70g/ml, wherein the ore pulp subjected to thickening treatment is used for preparing ammonium powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ammonium phosphate production, and particularly relates to a method and a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification.
Background
Phosphorus is an essential element for crops. With the development of science and technology, the use of phosphorus is also expanding. The phosphorite resource is an important basic raw material for developing the phosphorization industry, the main mineral components of the phosphorite are collophanite and microcrystalline apatite, and the secondary minerals comprise quartz, dolomite, calcite, feldspar chippings, carbon sludge, a small amount of glauconite and the like. The phosphate rock is mainly used for preparing phosphoric acid, and the phosphoric acid is used as an intermediate product of a final chemical product or other phosphorus chemical products, and plays a great role in the development of national economy. The method is mainly embodied in two aspects, namely, the method is used for producing various fertilizers, such as monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, triple superphosphate and the like. And secondly, the product is used as a chemical intermediate product for producing a fine phosphorus chemical product with high added value. Such as pharmaceutical grade phosphates, food grade phosphoric acid, electronic grade phosphoric acid, phosphate photoelectric materials, water softeners, buffers for acid-based detergents, and the like. That is, the ammonium phosphate product can be generally divided into lower-demand powdered ammonium and higher-demand ammonium (such as industrial ammonium).
The current phosphorus ore pulp is divided into two types, one type is ore pulp phosphorus grade of 29 percent or more and is used for producing diammonium phosphate, the other type is ore pulp grade of about 27.0 percent and is used for producing common 55 percent of powdered ammonium, and the ore pulp has higher requirements on the quality of phosphorite along with the development of high-content and high-water-solubility ammonium phosphate. However, due to the fact that the purchasing amount of the phosphorite is large, the quality of the phosphorite is unstable, the phosphorite is stacked and matched according to the classification of the phosphorite, the quality of the produced product is unstable, if the phosphorus content and the magnesium content of the industrial ammonium product are low, the industrial ammonium product can only be used as agricultural ammonium in the follow-up process, and the price difference is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for co-producing ammonium phosphate and magnesium hydroxide, which can reduce the influence of quality difference of phosphorite on the quality stability of products and ensure that the quality of the products is very stable; meanwhile, ammonium phosphate with better quality can be obtained. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the phosphorite slurry with the density of 1.25-1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent is obtained by the treatment of a primary cyclone 5, and the taper at the bottom of the primary cyclone 5 is 30-45 degrees;
(2) sending the phosphorus ore pulp obtained in the step (1) to a secondary cyclone 1 for processing to respectively obtain low-grade ore pulp and high-grade ore pulp, wherein the pressure is 0.08-0.12MPa, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone 1 is 18-25 degrees;
(3) conveying the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a magnesium removal device for magnesium removal treatment, and preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate after the magnesium removal treatment;
(4) and (3) sending the low-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a concentration and thickening tank 2 to increase the density of the ore pulp to 1.60-1.70g/ml, wherein the ore pulp subjected to thickening treatment is used for preparing ammonium chloride.
In the step (1), phosphogypsum backwater or/and clear liquid in a concentration thickening tank 2 is/are added into the ore pulp subjected to ball milling to adjust the density of the ore pulp to 1.30-1.35g/ml, the ore pulp is sent to a primary cyclone 5 for treatment, the treated fine-grained ore pulp is sent to a secondary cyclone 1, and the coarse-grained ore pulp is returned to a ball mill 3.
In the step (3), the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) reacts with a demagging agent, the ore pulp after the reaction is sent to a primary demagging thickening tank 13, a diluent is added into a sediment of the primary demagging thickening tank 13 and then sent to a secondary demagging thickening tank 15, clear liquid of the primary demagging thickening tank 13 is used for preparing the demagging agent and magnesium hydroxide, a sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate, and clear liquid of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 is sent to a magnesium hydroxide preparation device for preparing magnesium hydroxide.
Specifically, in the step (3), the density of the sediment of the primary magnesium removal thickening tank 13 is more than or equal to 1.65g/ml, the diluent is phosphogypsum backwater or mother liquor from a magnesium hydroxide preparation device, and the volume ratio of the sediment of the primary magnesium removal thickening tank 13 to the diluent is 0.8-1.2: 1.
Preferably, the step (3) further comprises: and (3) conveying the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 to a desliming machine to control the water content to be below 25%, conveying the muddy water obtained by the treatment of the desliming machine to the primary demagging thickening tank 13, adding the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 into the mud obtained by the treatment of the desliming machine to obtain concentrated ore pulp with the density of 1.76-1.82 g/ml, wherein the concentrated ore pulp is used for high-quality ammonium phosphate.
Specifically, the magnesium removing agent is prepared from clear liquid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a primary magnesium removing concentration tank 13, and process water and/or mother liquid from a magnesium hydroxide preparation device are added according to needs.
In another aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for producing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by grading phosphate ores, where the system includes:
the ore pulp preparation device is used for obtaining the phosphorite pulp with the density of 1.25-1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent;
the secondary cyclone 1 is used for grading the ore pulp output by the ore pulp preparation device to respectively obtain high-grade ore pulp and low-grade ore pulp, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone is 18-25 degrees;
the magnesium removal device is used for carrying out magnesium removal treatment on the high-grade ore pulp output by the secondary cyclone 1;
the ammonium phosphate production device is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate from the ore pulp treated by the magnesium removal device;
the concentration thickening tank 2 is used for concentrating the low-grade ore pulp output by the secondary cyclone 1;
the ammonium powder production device is used for preparing ammonium powder from the concentrated ore pulp in the concentration thickening tank 2.
The ore pulp preparation device comprises a ball mill 3, a size mixing tank 4 and a primary cyclone 5, wherein the ball mill 3, the size mixing tank 4 and the primary cyclone 5 are sequentially connected; the fine-grain discharge port of the primary cyclone 5 is connected with the secondary cyclone 1, and the coarse-grain discharge port of the primary cyclone is connected with the feed port of the ball mill 3; the feed inlet of the size mixing tank 4 is connected with the clear liquid outlet of the concentration thickening tank 2, and the taper of the bottom of the primary cyclone 5 is 30-45 degrees.
Wherein, the magnesium removing device in the embodiment of the invention comprises a primary clear liquid groove 6, a secondary clear liquid groove 7, a clear liquid storage groove 8, an acidification reaction groove 9, an acidification liquid storage groove 10, a second slurry groove 11, a magnesium removing reaction groove 12, a primary magnesium removing concentration tank 13, a primary repulping groove 14, a secondary magnesium removing concentration tank 15, a desliming machine, a secondary repulping groove and a first slurry groove 18 which are connected in sequence, the second slurry groove 11 is connected with a sediment outlet of a secondary swirler 1, a clear liquid outlet of the primary magnesium removing concentration tank 13 is connected with the primary clear liquid groove 6, a clear liquid outlet of the secondary magnesium removing concentration tank 15 is connected with the secondary clear liquid groove 7, the primary clear liquid groove 6 and the secondary clear liquid groove 7 are connected with the clear liquid storage groove 8, the primary clear liquid groove 6, the acidification reaction groove 9, the acidification liquid storage groove 10 and the magnesium removing reaction groove 12 are connected in sequence, a muddy water outlet of the desliming machine is connected with a feed inlet of the primary magnesium removing concentration tank 13, the feed inlet of the secondary repulping tank is connected with a sediment outlet of the secondary demagging thickening pond 15, the first ore pulp tank 18 is connected with an ammonium phosphate production device, and the acidification reaction tank 9 is connected with a sulfuric acid supply device.
Preferably, the production system for preparing powdery ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification also comprises a magnesium hydroxide production device, wherein the magnesium hydroxide production device comprises a pre-reactor 19, a slurry storage tank 20, a filter press 21, a filtrate collecting tank 22, a filtrate storage tank 23, a reaction tank 24 and a clarifying tank 25 which are connected in sequence, the pre-reactor 19 and the reaction tank 24 are both connected with an ammonia supply device, the pre-reactor 19 is connected with a clear liquid storage tank 8, and a clear liquid outlet of the clarifying tank 25 is connected with an acidification reaction tank 9 and a primary repulping tank 14.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification, which can reduce the influence of quality difference of phosphorite on the quality stability of products and ensure that the quality of the products is very stable; the raw ore is graded by rotational flow under specific conditions, so that a large amount of high-grade phosphate ore can be obtained for preparing ammonium phosphate with better quality; a small amount of low-grade phosphate ore is used for preparing the powdered ammonium; realizing the optimal utilization of the phosphorite. Meanwhile, the content of magnesium in the product is reduced by various means, and the quality of ammonium phosphate is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by grading phosphate ore according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed schematic block diagram of a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by grading phosphate ore according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1 secondary cyclone, 2 concentration thickening tank, 3 ball mill, 4 size mixing tank, 5 primary cyclone, 6 primary clear liquid tank, 7 secondary clear liquid tank, 8 clear liquid storage tank, 9 acidification reaction tank, 10 acidification liquid storage tank, 11 secondary slurry tank, 12 demagging reaction tank, 13 primary demagging thickening tank, 14 primary reslurry tank, 15 secondary demagging thickening tank, 16 overflow tank, 17 fourth slurry tank, 18 primary slurry tank, 19 prereactor, 20 slurry storage tank, 21 filter press, 22 filtrate collecting tank, 23 filtrate storage tank, 24 reaction tank, 25 clarifying tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, example 1 provides a method for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by classifying phosphate ore, which includes the steps of:
(1) the phosphorite slurry with the density of 1.25-1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent is obtained by the treatment of a ball mill 3, a size mixing tank 4 and a primary cyclone 5, and the taper of the bottom of the primary cyclone 5 is 30-45 degrees.
(2) The phosphorus ore pulp obtained in the step (1) is sent to a secondary cyclone 1 to be processed to respectively obtain low-grade ore pulp (overflow, the density is about 1.15 g/ml, P2O5Less than 26.5 percent and more than 3 percent of MgO) and high-grade ore pulp (sediment with the density of 1.65-1.70 g/ml and P2O5The content of the secondary cyclone is more than 28.5 percent, the content of MgO is less than 4 percent), the processing pressure is 0.08-0.12MPa, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone 1 is 18-25 degrees. The mass of the obtained low-grade ore pulp is about 30 percent of that of the raw ore pulp, and the mass of the obtained high-grade ore pulp is about 70 percent of that of the raw ore pulp, so that more high-grade ores are obtainedThe pulp can further produce more industrial ammonium (the sale price of the industrial ammonium is much higher than that of the agricultural ammonium).
(3) And (3) delivering the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a demagging device for demagging (in the patent, a demagging agent is adopted for demagging, and the process can be referred to as a patent with the application number of CN 201410610969.0), and after demagging treatment (the content of MgO is less than 0.9%), the high-grade ore pulp is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate (consistent with the conventional technology, such as high-purity diammonium phosphate, specifically ammonium phosphate with the content of nutrient elements of more than 60%, and even more, industrial ammonium with the purity of more than 98.5%).
(4) And (3) sending the low-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a concentration thickening tank 2 to increase the density of the ore pulp to 1.60-1.70g/ml, wherein the ore pulp subjected to thickening treatment is used for preparing powdery ammonium (used as agricultural ammonium (such as containing about 55% of nutrient elements), and the method is consistent with the conventional technology).
In the step (1), adding phosphogypsum backwater or/and clear liquid of a concentration thickening tank 2 into the ore pulp (in a size mixing tank 4) subjected to ball milling to adjust the density of the ore pulp to 1.30-1.35g/ml, then sending the ore pulp to a primary cyclone 5 for treatment, sending the treated fine-granularity ore pulp (overflow) to a secondary cyclone 1, and returning coarse-granularity ore pulp (sediment) to a ball mill 3.
Wherein, in the step (3), the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) reacts with a magnesium removing agent (an acid magnesium removing agent containing magnesium ions), the ore pulp after the reaction is sent to a primary magnesium removing thickening tank 13, the sediment (with the density of more than 1.65 g/ml) of the primary magnesium removing thickening tank 13 is sent to a secondary magnesium removing thickening tank 15 after a diluent is added, and the clear liquid (with the density of about 1.05 g/ml) of the primary magnesium removing thickening tank 13 is used for preparing the magnesium removing agent and preparing magnesium hydroxide. The sediment (with the density of more than 1.65 g/ml) of the secondary magnesium removal concentration pool 15 is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate, and the clear liquid (with the density of about 1.04 g/ml) of the secondary magnesium removal concentration pool 15 is sent to a magnesium hydroxide preparation device to be used for preparing magnesium hydroxide. In the embodiment, the MgO content in the ore pulp can be reduced to below 0.9% through two times of thickening treatment.
Specifically, in the step (3), the density of the sediment in the primary demagging thickening tank 13 is more than or equal to 1.65g/ml, the diluent is phosphogypsum backwater or mother liquor from a magnesium hydroxide preparation device (from a clarifying tank 25) and the like, and the volume ratio of the sediment in the primary demagging thickening tank 13 to the diluent is 0.8-1.2:1 (specifically, 1: 1).
Preferably, step (3) further comprises: the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 is sent to a desliming machine to control the water content to be below 25 percent, the muddy water obtained by the treatment of the desliming machine is sent to the primary demagging thickening tank 13 for reuse, the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 is added into the mud obtained by the treatment of the desliming machine to obtain concentrated ore pulp (convenient for conveying and easy for preparing phosphoric acid) with the density of 1.76-1.82 g/ml, and the concentrated ore pulp is used for high-quality ammonium phosphate. The content of MgO in the ore pulp can be reduced to be below 0.8% by arranging the desliming machine, so that the phosphorus content of the product is improved; the concentration of the phosphoric acid in the phosphoric acid preparation process is increased (can be increased from about 20 percent to 24 to 25 percent), and the energy consumption is further reduced.
Specifically, the magnesium removing agent is prepared from the clear liquid and concentrated sulfuric acid in the primary magnesium removing concentration tank 13, and process water and/or mother liquid from a magnesium hydroxide preparation device and the like are added as required.
The separation effect of this patent is explained below, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
for the better phosphate ores, the treatment results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Raw ore pulp | Separated high grade ore pulp | Separated high grade ore pulp | |
| P2O5Content (wt.) | 28.60% | 30.05% | 25.90% |
| MgO content | 2.64% | 2.47% | 3.20% |
Wherein, the phosphorus content of the high-grade ore pulp is improved by 1.45 percent relative to the original ore pulp, and the magnesium content is reduced by 0.17 percent.
For poor phosphate ores, the treatment results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Raw ore pulp | Separated high grade ore pulp | Separated high grade ore pulp | |
| P2O5Content (wt.) | 27.50% | 29.40% | 25.81% |
| MgO content | 4.03% | 3.86% | 5.12% |
Wherein, the phosphorus content of the high-grade ore pulp is improved by 1.9 percent and the magnesium content is reduced by 0.17 percent relative to the original ore pulp.
It can be seen from the above table that no matter how large the fluctuation of the phosphorus content of the raw ore is, the treated high-grade ore pulp can be controlled at about 30%, the product quality is stable, and the fluctuation of the quality of the raw ore (in actual conditions, the quality of the raw ore can fluctuate greatly, such as from different mining areas, and different positions of the same mining area) is not great.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, example 2 provides a production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by classifying phosphate ore, which includes:
the ore pulp preparation device is used for obtaining the phosphorite pulp with the density of 1.25-1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent, is similar to the conventional structure, and only the index of the ore pulp needs to be adjusted to adapt to the secondary cyclone 1.
The secondary cyclone 1 is used for grading the ore pulp output by the ore pulp preparation device to respectively obtain high-grade ore pulp and low-grade ore pulp, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone is 18-25 degrees. The secondary cyclone 1 is different from the primary cyclone 5, and the grade separation effect can be achieved only under the specific structure and feeding conditions. Specifically, the model of the secondary cyclone 1 in this embodiment is an FX250-GX × 18 double-feed cyclone group, 8 units are operated on one side, and 1 unit is reserved; and 9 machine sets on the other side are reserved.
The magnesium removal device is used for carrying out magnesium removal treatment on high-grade ore pulp output by the secondary cyclone 1 (output by a sediment outlet), is similar to a conventional structure, and adopts a magnesium removal agent mode to carry out magnesium removal and simultaneously adopts a multi-stage thickening tank to improve the magnesium removal effect
The ammonium phosphate production device is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate from the ore pulp treated by the magnesium removal device; consistent with conventional technology, in this patent, the phosphorus content of ore pulp is higher, magnesium content is lower and density is higher, and then promotes the quality of product. It can be specifically an industrial ammonium production device.
The concentration thickening tank 2 is used for concentrating the low-grade ore pulp output (output from an overflow port) by the secondary cyclone 1; the low-grade ore pulp separated by the secondary cyclone 1 has low density and is not suitable for preparing ammonium powder; furthermore, an overflow trough 16 is arranged between the concentration thickening tank 2 and the secondary cyclone 1 to collect and store low-grade ore pulp.
The powder ammonium production device is used for preparing powder ammonium by using ore pulp concentrated by the concentration thickening tank 2, is consistent with the conventional technology, and the prepared powder ammonium meets the content standard of nutrient elements, and meanwhile, the use of agricultural ammonium is not influenced by high-content magnesium.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the ore pulp preparation device in the embodiment of the present invention includes a ball mill 3, a size mixing tank 4, a primary cyclone 5, and the like, wherein the ball mill 3, the size mixing tank 4, and the primary cyclone 5 are connected in sequence; a fine-grain discharge port (overflow) of the primary cyclone 5 is connected with the secondary cyclone 1, and a coarse-grain discharge port (sediment outlet at the bottom) of the primary cyclone is connected with a feed port of the ball mill 3; the feed inlet of the size mixing tank 4 is connected with a clear liquid outlet (connected with a phosphogypsum backwater system according to requirements to recycle the backwater of the phosphogypsum) of the concentration thickening tank 2 and is used for reducing the density of the ore pulp output by the ball mill 3 so as to adapt to the primary cyclone 5, and the taper of the bottom of the primary cyclone 5 is 30-45 degrees. Further, a fourth slurry tank 17 is arranged between the primary cyclone 5 and the secondary cyclone 1 for storing slurry, and generally, a plurality of slurry preparation devices correspond to the fourth slurry tank 17.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the magnesium removal device in the embodiment of the invention comprises a primary clear liquid tank 6, a secondary clear liquid tank 7, a clear liquid storage tank 8, an acidification reaction tank 9, an acidification liquid storage tank 10, a second slurry tank 11, a magnesium removal reaction tank 12, a primary magnesium removal thickening tank 13, a primary repulping tank 14, a secondary magnesium removal thickening tank 15 (sediments are output in two ways), a desliming machine (not shown), a secondary repulping tank (not shown) and a first slurry tank 18, and the like which are connected in sequence, wherein the second slurry tank 11 is connected with a sediment outlet of a secondary cyclone 1 and used for storing and receiving high-grade ore pulp, a clear liquid outlet of the primary magnesium removal thickening tank 13 is connected with the primary clear liquid tank 6, a muddy water outlet of the secondary magnesium removal thickening tank 15 is connected with the secondary clear liquid tank 7, and the primary clear liquid tank 6 and the secondary clear liquid tank 7 are connected with the clear liquid storage tank 8. The primary clear liquid tank 6, the acidification reaction tank 9, the acidification liquid storage tank 10 and the demagging reaction tank 12 are sequentially connected to provide a demagging agent for the demagging reaction tank 12, a clear liquid outlet of a desliming machine (collected by a groove, sent to a collecting tank firstly and then sent to a primary demagging thickening tank 13 by the collecting tank) is connected with a feed inlet of the primary demagging thickening tank 13, a feed inlet of a secondary repulping tank (provided with a stirrer inside) is connected with a slurry outlet of the desliming machine by a conveying belt) and a sediment outlet of the secondary demagging thickening tank 15 for adjusting the density of ore slurry to 1.76-1.82 g/ml, the primary slurry tank 18 is connected with an ammonium phosphate production device, the acidification reaction tank 9 is connected with a sulfuric acid supply device (according to needs, process water and mother liquid of a magnesium hydroxide production device can be supplemented), and phosphogypsum backwater can be supplemented in the primary repulping tank 14. The concrete model of the desliming machine in the embodiment is 4DYQN3500GL 6.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the system for producing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by grading phosphate ore provided by the present invention further comprises a magnesium hydroxide production apparatus, which comprises a pre-reactor 19, a slurry storage tank 20, a filter press 21, a filtrate collection tank 22, a filtrate storage tank 23, a reaction tank 24, a clarification tank 25, etc. connected in sequence, and the structure thereof is disclosed in CN201410610969.0 patent. The pre-reactor 19 and the reaction tank 24 are both connected with an ammonia supply device, the pre-reactor 19 is connected with a clear liquid storage tank 8, and a clear liquid outlet of a clarifying tank 25 is connected with an acidification reaction tank 9 and a primary repulping tank 14 (phosphogypsum return water can be supplemented as required) for recycling mother liquor.
The structures in this embodiment may be connected to each other through a pipeline, and a pump, a valve, and/or a flow meter may be provided on the pipeline as needed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the phosphorite slurry with the density of 1.25-1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent is obtained by the treatment of a primary cyclone (5), and the taper at the bottom of the primary cyclone (5) is 30-45 degrees;
(2) sending the phosphorus ore pulp obtained in the step (1) to a secondary cyclone (1) for processing to respectively obtain low-grade ore pulp and high-grade ore pulp, wherein the pressure is 0.08-0.12MPa, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone (1) is 18-25 degrees;
(3) conveying the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a magnesium removal device for magnesium removal treatment, and preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate after the magnesium removal treatment;
(4) and (3) sending the low-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) to a concentration and thickening tank (2) to increase the density of the ore pulp to 1.60-1.70g/ml, wherein the ore pulp subjected to thickening treatment is used for preparing ammonium powder.
2. The method for preparing the powdered ammonium and the high-quality ammonium phosphate by the classification of the phosphorite according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step (1), phosphogypsum backwater or/and clear liquid of a concentrated thickening tank (2) is added into the ore pulp after ball milling to adjust the density of the ore pulp to 1.30-1.35g/ml, then the ore pulp is sent to a primary cyclone (5) for treatment, the treated fine-grained ore pulp is sent to a secondary cyclone (1), and the coarse-grained ore pulp is returned to the ball mill (3).
3. The method for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by classifying phosphorus ores according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the high-grade ore pulp obtained in the step (2) is reacted with a demagging agent, the ore pulp after the reaction is sent to a primary demagging thickening tank (13), the sediment of the primary demagging thickening tank (13) is sent to a secondary demagging thickening tank (15) after a diluting agent is added, the clear liquid of the primary demagging thickening tank (13) is used for preparing the demagging agent and preparing magnesium hydroxide, the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank (15) is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate, and the clear liquid of the secondary demagging thickening tank (15) is sent to a magnesium hydroxide preparation device for preparing magnesium hydroxide.
4. The method for preparing the powdered ammonium and the high-quality ammonium phosphate by the classification of the phosphorite as the claim 3 is characterized in that in the step (3), the density of the sediment of the primary magnesium removal thickening tank (13) is more than or equal to 1.65g/ml, the diluent is phosphogypsum backwater or mother liquor from a magnesium hydroxide preparation device, and the volume ratio of the sediment of the primary magnesium removal thickening tank (13) to the diluent is 0.8-1.2: 1.
5. The method for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by classifying phosphorus ore according to claim 4, wherein the step (3) further comprises:
and (2) conveying the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank (15) to a desliming machine to control the water content to be below 25%, conveying the muddy water obtained by treatment of the desliming machine to a primary demagging thickening tank (13), adding the sediment of the secondary demagging thickening tank (15) into the mud obtained by treatment of the desliming machine to obtain concentrate pulp with the density of 1.76-1.82 g/ml, wherein the concentrate pulp is used for high-quality ammonium phosphate.
6. The method for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by classification of phosphate ore according to claim 4, characterized in that the demagging agent is prepared from the clear solution of the primary demagging thickener (13) and concentrated sulfuric acid, and process water and/or mother liquor from a magnesium hydroxide preparation plant are added as required.
7. A production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by phosphorite classification is characterized by comprising:
the ore pulp preparation device is used for obtaining the phosphorite pulp with the density of 1.25-1.30g/ml and the fineness of 100 meshes which is more than or equal to 90 percent;
the secondary cyclone (1) is used for grading the ore pulp output by the ore pulp preparation device to respectively obtain high-grade ore pulp and low-grade ore pulp, and the taper of the bottom of the secondary cyclone is 18-25 degrees;
the magnesium removal device is used for carrying out magnesium removal treatment on the high-grade ore pulp output by the secondary cyclone (1);
the ammonium phosphate production device is used for preparing high-quality ammonium phosphate from the ore pulp treated by the magnesium removal device;
the concentration thickening tank (2) is used for concentrating the low-grade ore pulp output by the secondary cyclone (1);
the ammonium powder production device is used for preparing ammonium powder from the concentrated ore pulp in the concentration thickening tank (2).
8. The production system for preparing powdered ammonium and high-quality ammonium phosphate by classifying phosphorus ores according to claim 7, wherein the ore pulp preparation device comprises a ball mill (3), a size mixing tank (4) and a primary cyclone (5), and the ball mill (3), the size mixing tank (4) and the primary cyclone (5) are connected in sequence; the fine-grain discharge port of the primary cyclone (5) is connected with the secondary cyclone (1), and the coarse-grain discharge port of the primary cyclone is connected with the feed port of the ball mill (3); the feed inlet of the size mixing tank (4) is connected with the clear liquid outlet of the concentration thickening tank (2), and the taper of the bottom of the primary cyclone (5) is 30-45 degrees.
9. The system for producing the powdered ammonium and the high-quality ammonium phosphate by the classification of the phosphorite according to the claim 7, characterized in that the demagging device comprises a primary clear liquid groove (6), a secondary clear liquid groove (7), a clear liquid storage groove (8), an acidification reaction groove (9), an acidification liquid storage groove (10) and a second slurry groove (11), a demagging reaction groove (12), a primary demagging thickening pond (13), a primary repulping groove (14), a secondary demagging thickening pond (15), a desliming machine, a secondary repulping groove and a first slurry groove (18) which are connected in sequence, wherein the second slurry groove (11) is connected with a sediment outlet of a secondary swirler (1), a clear liquid outlet of the primary demagging thickening pond (13) is connected with the primary clear liquid groove (6), a clear liquid outlet of the secondary demagging thickening pond (15) is connected with the secondary clear liquid groove (7), the primary clear liquid groove (6) and the secondary clear liquid groove (7) are connected with the clear liquid storage groove (8), the primary clean liquid tank (6), the acidification reaction tank (9), the acidification liquid storage tank (10) and the demagging reaction tank (12) are sequentially connected, a mud-water outlet of the deslimer is connected with a feed inlet of the primary demagging thickening tank (13), a feed inlet of the secondary repulping tank is connected with a sediment outlet of the secondary demagging thickening tank (15), the first slurry tank (18) is connected with an ammonium phosphate production device, and the acidification reaction tank (9) is connected with a sulfuric acid supply device.
10. The system for producing the powdered ammonium and the high-quality ammonium phosphate by the classification of the phosphorite according to the claim 9, characterized in that the system also comprises a magnesium hydroxide production device, the magnesium hydroxide production device comprises a pre-reactor (19), a slurry storage tank (20), a filter press (21), a filtrate collecting tank (22), a filtrate storage tank (23), a reaction tank (24) and a clarifying tank (25) which are connected in sequence, the pre-reactor (19) and the reaction tank (24) are both connected with an ammonia supply device, the pre-reactor (19) is connected with a clear liquid storage tank (8), and a clear liquid outlet of the clarifying tank (25) is connected with the acidification reaction tank (9) and the primary repulping tank (14).
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