CN104909841A - Process for preparing calcium magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium ammonium nitrate through nitric acid decomposition of low-medium graded phosphate ore - Google Patents
Process for preparing calcium magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium ammonium nitrate through nitric acid decomposition of low-medium graded phosphate ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN104909841A CN104909841A CN201510226378.8A CN201510226378A CN104909841A CN 104909841 A CN104909841 A CN 104909841A CN 201510226378 A CN201510226378 A CN 201510226378A CN 104909841 A CN104909841 A CN 104909841A
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- nitric acid
- phosphate
- ammonium nitrate
- fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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Abstract
The invention provides a process for preparing calcium magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium ammonium nitrate through nitric acid decomposition of a low-medium graded phosphate ore, and belongs to the inorganic chemistry technical field; the process includes the steps: carrying out acidolysis with nitric acid, neutralizing with ammonia water, and filtering to obtain a leached liquid and a leached residue; washing the leached residue with water, to obtain a calcium magnesium ammonium phosphate fertilizer; and carrying out concentrated drying on the leached liquid, to obtain calcium magnesium ammonium nitrate. The low-medium graded phosphate ore is processed by using the process, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus elements in the phosphate ore can be utilized farthest, the problem of difficult tailing processing after reverse flotation of the low-medium graded phosphate ore is solved, besides, the calcium magnesium ammonium phosphate and the water-soluble calcium magnesium ammonium nitrate fertilizer are prepared, and the phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in the low-medium graded phosphate ore are used efficiently.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of inorganic chemical industry, particularly relate to the technique of a kind of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Background technology
China's phosphorus ore reserves occupy the second in the world, but compared with the countries concerned of the world, in ore quality, washability and Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) exploitation etc., have larger gap, can be relatively low for the basic unit price of the Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) of processing and utilization, only have 40.54 hundred million t, low grade ore is many, wherein P
2o
5the rich ore that massfraction is greater than 30% is only 11.08 hundred million t, Chinese phosphorus ore P
2o
5average mass fraction is about 17%, phosphoric acid and high concentration phosphate fertilizer production requirement could be met after overwhelming majority phosphorus ore must pass through enrichment, according to exploiting Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) speed at present, if all only can about 10a be maintained with the rich ore that massfraction is 30%, economic reserve only can maintain about 40a, and future will be forced to the higher mid low grade phosphate rock of cost of winning.
Above-mentioned mid low grade phosphate rock refers to P
2o
5content, lower than the phosphorus ore of 30%, needs to obtain phosphorus fine ore through ore dressing.The object of ore dressing is the gangue mineral removed in phosphorus ore.Carbonate gangue mainly rhombspar (CaCO in phosphorus ore
3mgCO
3), calcite (CaCO
3) and fluorapatite (Ca
5f (PO4)
3), in flotation of phosphate rock, generally adopt reverse flotation, the current comparative maturity of this technique, the mine tailing P of discharge can be made
2o
5≤ 10%, MgO>=15%.If the patent No. is the patent of invention of CN201410525643.8: a kind of decomposing phosphate rock by chlorhydric acid partly decalcifying produces the method for high concentration cl base composite fertilizer, and its technological process comprises: A) phosphorus ore acid hydrolysis; B) acid hydrolysis solution defluorinate, partly decalcifying; C) ammonification; D) concentrated; E) add potassium granulation and obtain high concentration cl base composite fertilizer.It obtains product product is phosphogypsum, high concentration cl base composite fertilizer and mine tailing (slag).The ground such as China Wengan, Fuquan build up large-scale flotation mill, but its tailings impoundment of discharging needs land occupation, deals with very difficult.The method of current nitric acid treatment mid low grade phosphate rock ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the technique of a kind of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
The technique of a kind of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium provided by the invention and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, comprises the following steps:
(1) acidolysis: first to be joined by nitric acid in reactive tank and to stir, adding the mid low grade phosphate rock shattered, after reaction 1 ~ 3h, obtains reaction solution;
(2) filter, wash: reaction solution is filtered, obtains acid hydrolysis solution and acidolysis slag, filter residue is washed, obtain residue and washing lotion;
(3) neutralize: ammoniacal liquor is joined in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 5 ~ 7, and regulate temperature of reaction to be 50 ~ 99 DEG C, after stirring reaction 30 ~ 240min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution being filtered, obtains neutralizer and filter residue, by sending into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation after residue washing, obtain ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer;
(4) granulation: adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 100 ~ 150 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 90 ~ 97% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtain the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Further, described concentration of nitric acid is 50 ~ 70%.
Further, the concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is 20 ~ 30%.
Further, the washing lotion of described step (2) is back to use in the acidolysis of step (1).
Further, the washings that described step (3) obtains is back to use in step (3) with in operation.
Further, in described step (1), nitric acid is joined in reactive tank, temperature is regulated to be keep constant temperature after 55 DEG C, and after rotating speed is adjusted to 250r/min, adds by (10 ~ 100g:1L)/min and shatter into 100 object mid low grade phosphate rocks, rotating speed is increased to 500r/min, after reaction 2h, obtain reaction solution.
Further, in described step 3, joined by ammoniacal liquor in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 6.3, and regulates temperature of reaction to be 80 DEG C, after the rotating speed stirring reaction 50min of 600r/min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution being filtered, obtains neutralizer and filter residue, filter residue is dried, obtains ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer.
Further, in described step (4), adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 120 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 93% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtain the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is that main raw material is to prepare ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium with mid low grade phosphate rock, when not needing mid low grade phosphate rock ore dressing, effectively the phosphorus in mid low grade phosphate rock, calcium and magnesium are recycled, there is good economic benefit, simultaneously, the method does not produce mine tailing, efficiently solves mine tailing bulk deposition and a large amount of soils brought are occupied and the problem such as environmental pollution.
2, the present invention adopts and is slowly joined in nitric acid by mid low grade phosphate rock, be conducive to the abundant dissolving in mid low grade phosphate rock, and by the control of the control of nitric acid and mid low grade phosphate rock consumption and stirring velocity, temperature of reaction, phosphorus is all dissolved in acid hydrolysis solution, decrease the content of calcium in waste residue, magnesium, phosphorus, acid hydrolysis solution being neutralized to pH value is 6.2 ~ 6.5, is conducive to first for ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium filtering separation to be gone out, and the purity content of the calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium prepared is improved greatly.
3, the present invention in process of production, recycles waste liquid, decreases outside sewage effluent and solid waste, has significant environment protection significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below, but described in claimed scope is not limited to.Embodiment is only illustrating this invention, is not limitation of the invention, and the step not doing in embodiment to illustrate is all prior arts, is not described in detail at this.
The main chemical reactions equation that the present invention relates to is as follows:
Reaction formula one:
CaCO
3·MgCO
3+4HNO
3＝Ca(NO
3)
2+Mg(NO
3)
2+2H
2O+2CO
2
Reaction formula two:
10HNO
3+Ca
5F(PO
4)
3+SiO
2＝5Ca(NO
3)
2+3H
3PO
4+H
2SiF
6
Reaction formula three:
Ca(NO
3)
2+H
3PO
4+2NH
3+4H
2O＝CaHPO
4·2H
2O+2NH
4NO
3
Reaction formula four:
Mg(NO
3)
2+H
3PO
4+2NH
3+4H
2O＝MgNH
4PO
4·H
2O+NH
4NO
3
The mid low grade phosphate rock that the present embodiment adopts is Weng’an biota (mid low grade phosphate rock) subjects the most, and each concrete content is as follows:
Table 1 Wengfu mid low grade phosphate rock forms
| Project | P 2O 5 | CaO | MgO | Fe 2O 3 | Al 2O 3 | F | AI |
| ％ | 26.87 | 46.53 | 6.23 | 0.26 | 0.32 | 2.61 | 5.3 |
Embodiment one
A technique for nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, technical process as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) acidolysis: by concentration be first 50% nitric acid 200ml join in reactive tank, regulate temperature to be keep constant temperature after 50 DEG C, and after rotating speed is adjusted to 200r/min, add and shatter into 50 object mid low grade phosphate rock 100g, rotating speed is increased to 450r/min, after reaction 1h, obtains reaction solution;
(2) filter, wash: filtered by reaction solution, obtain acid hydrolysis solution and acidolysis slag, washed by filter residue, obtain residue and washing lotion, washing lotion is back to use in the acidolysis of step (1);
(3) neutralize: by concentration be 20% ammoniacal liquor 120ml join in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 6.2, and regulate temperature of reaction to be 70 DEG C, after the rotating speed stirring reaction 30min of 500r/min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution is filtered, obtain neutralizer and filter residue, filter residue is dried, obtains ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, during the washings obtained is back to use and in operation;
(4) granulation: adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 100 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 90% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtains the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Embodiment two
A technique for nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, technical process as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) acidolysis: by concentration be first 70% nitric acid 300ml join in reactive tank, temperature is regulated to be keep constant temperature after 60 DEG C, and after rotating speed is adjusted to 300r/min, add by (100g:1L)/min and shatter into 200 object mid low grade phosphate rock 100g, then rotating speed is increased to 550r/min, after reaction 1 ~ 3h, obtain reaction solution, washing lotion is back to use in the acidolysis of step (1);
(2) filter, wash: reaction solution is filtered, obtains acid hydrolysis solution and acidolysis slag, filter residue is washed, obtain residue and washing lotion;
(3) neutralize: by concentration be 30% ammoniacal liquor 180ml join in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 6.5, and regulate temperature of reaction to be 90 DEG C, after the rotating speed stirring reaction 80min of 700r/min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution is filtered, obtain neutralizer and filter residue, filter residue is dried, obtains ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, during the washings obtained is back to use and in operation;
(4) granulation: adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 150 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 97% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtains the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Embodiment three
A technique for nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, technical process as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) acidolysis: by concentration be first 65% nitric acid 250ml join in reactive tank, temperature is regulated to be keep constant temperature after 58 DEG C, and after rotating speed is adjusted to 270r/min, add by (10g:1L)/min and shatter into 150 object mid low grade phosphate rock 100g, then rotating speed is increased to 480r/min, after reaction 2h, obtain reaction solution;
(2) filter, wash: filtered by reaction solution, obtain acid hydrolysis solution and acidolysis slag, washed by filter residue, obtain residue and washing lotion, washing lotion is back to use in the acidolysis of step (1);
(3) neutralize: by concentration be 27% ammoniacal liquor 150ml join in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 6.4, and regulate temperature of reaction to be 77 DEG C, after the rotating speed stirring reaction 60min of 580r/min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution is filtered, obtain neutralizer and filter residue, filter residue is dried, obtains ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, during the washings obtained is back to use and in operation;
(4) granulation: adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 110 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 92% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtains the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Embodiment four
A technique for nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, technical process as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) acidolysis: by concentration be first 65% nitric acid 250ml join in reactive tank, temperature is regulated to be keep constant temperature after 55 DEG C, and after rotating speed is adjusted to 250r/min, add by (50g:1L)/min and shatter into 100 object mid low grade phosphate rock 100g, then rotating speed is increased to 500r/min, after reaction 1 ~ 3h, obtain reaction solution;
(2) filter, wash: filtered by reaction solution, obtain acid hydrolysis solution and acidolysis slag, washed by filter residue, obtain residue and washing lotion, washing lotion is back to use in the acidolysis of step (1);
(3) neutralize: by concentration be 25% ammoniacal liquor 150ml join in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 6.3, and regulate temperature of reaction to be 80 DEG C, after the rotating speed stirring reaction 50min of 600r/min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution is filtered, obtain neutralizer and filter residue, filter residue is dried, obtains ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, during the washings obtained is back to use and in operation;
(4) granulation: adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 120 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 93% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtains the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
Analyzed by composition in the product ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium and the waste residue that obtain above-mentioned four embodiments, table specific as follows:
Become to be grouped in ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, waste residue in table 2 embodiment one
Become to be grouped in ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, waste residue in table 3 embodiment two
Become to be grouped in ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, waste residue in table 4 embodiment three
Become to be grouped in ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer, calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, waste residue in table 5 embodiment four
From experimental result, by the P in the waste residue of the mid low grade phosphate rock of this technique nitric acid treatment
2o
5content lower than 5%, the content of CaO, MgO lower than 10%, and the P in the ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer obtained
2o
5more than 15%, CaO is more than 10%, and the nitrogen total amount of the calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium obtained is more than 15%, and nitric nitrogen is more than 10%.
Claims (8)
1. a technique for nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate calcium magnesium and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, comprises the following steps:
(1) acidolysis: first to be joined by nitric acid in reactive tank and to stir, adding the mid low grade phosphate rock shattered, after reaction 1 ~ 3h, obtains reaction solution;
(2) filter, wash: reaction solution is filtered, obtains acid hydrolysis solution and acidolysis slag, filter residue is washed, obtain residue and washing lotion;
(3) neutralize: ammoniacal liquor is joined in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 5 ~ 7, and regulate temperature of reaction to be 50 ~ 99 DEG C, after stirring reaction 30 ~ 240min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution being filtered, obtains neutralizer and filter residue, by sending into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation after residue washing, obtain ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer;
Granulation: adopted by neutralizer the temperature evaporation concentration of 100 ~ 150 DEG C to be after the fused solution of 90 ~ 97% to concentration, then send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation, obtain the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
2. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, is characterized in that: described concentration of nitric acid is 50 ~ 70%.
3. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, is characterized in that: the concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is 20 ~ 30%.
4. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, is characterized in that: the washing lotion of described step (2) is back to use in the acidolysis of step (1).
5. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, is characterized in that: during the washings that described step (3) obtains is back to use and in operation.
6. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), nitric acid is joined in reactive tank, temperature is regulated to be keep constant temperature after 55 DEG C, and after rotating speed is adjusted to 250r/min, adds by (10 ~ 100g:1L)/min and shatter into 100 object mid low grade phosphate rocks, then with the speed of 15r/min, rotating speed is increased to 500r/min, after reaction 2h, obtain reaction solution.
7. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), joined by ammoniacal liquor in washing lotion, the pH value regulating mixed solution is 6.3, and regulates temperature of reaction to be 80 DEG C, after the rotating speed stirring reaction 50min of 600r/min, stop heating and stir, reaction solution being filtered, obtains neutralizer and filter residue, filter residue is dried, obtains ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer.
8. the technique of nitric acid decomposing medium and low grade ammonium phosphate ca and mg fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 and calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the temperature evaporation concentration of 120 DEG C is adopted by neutralizer to be after the fused solution of 93% to concentration, send into rotary drum fluid-bed middle granulation again, obtain the mixture mainly containing calcium ammonium nitrate magnesium.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106115778A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 四川龙蟒钛业股份有限公司 | The recoverying and utilizing method of sulfuric acid method titanium pigment acidolysis slag |
| CN106187327A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | Mid low grade phosphate rock prepares method and the compound fertilizer product of high contents of calcium and magnesium compound fertilizer |
| CN106220249A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-14 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | The preparation method of Quadrafos compound fertilizer |
| CN108101602A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-01 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | A kind of calcium nitrate magnesium compositions and preparation method thereof |
| CN108276026A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-13 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ammonium nitrate calcium and magnesium |
| CN109701749A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-03 | 云南磷化集团有限公司 | A kind of method of nitric acid pretreatment direct flotation phosphorus concentrate |
| CN110217769A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-10 | 四川大学 | A method of producing calcium ammonium nitrate by-product feed grade DCP |
| CN110357054A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-22 | 四川大学 | The pretreated method of phosphorus ore |
| CN111675566A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-18 | 河南捷农生化有限公司 | Granulating and forming process of secondary element water-soluble fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106115778A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 四川龙蟒钛业股份有限公司 | The recoverying and utilizing method of sulfuric acid method titanium pigment acidolysis slag |
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| CN106220249A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-14 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | The preparation method of Quadrafos compound fertilizer |
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| CN110217769A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-10 | 四川大学 | A method of producing calcium ammonium nitrate by-product feed grade DCP |
| CN110357054A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-22 | 四川大学 | The pretreated method of phosphorus ore |
| CN113735081A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-12-03 | 四川大学 | Method for pretreating phosphorite |
| CN111675566A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-18 | 河南捷农生化有限公司 | Granulating and forming process of secondary element water-soluble fertilizer |
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