CN112189455A - Self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder and combine harvester - Google Patents
Self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder and combine harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN112189455A CN112189455A CN202011062680.1A CN202011062680A CN112189455A CN 112189455 A CN112189455 A CN 112189455A CN 202011062680 A CN202011062680 A CN 202011062680A CN 112189455 A CN112189455 A CN 112189455A
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- threshing
- threshing cylinder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
- A01F12/22—Threshing cylinders with teeth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
- A01F12/181—Adjustable threshing mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/56—Driving mechanisms for the threshing parts
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder and a combine harvester, comprising a diameter adjusting device, a hydraulic transmission device, a hydraulic pump station and a signal acquisition control system, wherein the diameter adjusting device is positioned on the inner sides of supporting breadth plates at two sides of the threshing cylinder; the hydraulic transmission device transmits power to the diameter adjusting device. The threshing diameter of the roller can be adjusted steplessly through a diameter adjusting device; the controller continuously adjusts the opening of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve to control the input and output flow of the hollow hydraulic cylinders based on real-time feedback signals of the displacement sensor, ensures the synchronous movement of the piston rods of the two hollow hydraulic cylinders, and synchronously adjusts the diameter of the threshing cylinder in real time. After the diameter of the threshing cylinder is adjusted, the diameter of the threshing cylinder can be effectively locked, and the stability of the operation of the threshing cylinder is ensured. The invention can effectively improve the operation performance of the combine harvester.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grain threshing and separating device on a combine harvester, in particular to a self-locking hydraulic threshing cylinder structure with adjustable threshing diameter, which can realize stepless adjustment of the diameter of a threshing cylinder in real time.
Background
Threshing and separating are essential and vital processes in grain combined harvest, and a threshing cylinder is an important device of a combined harvest machine and used for separating grains from stems. Wherein the threshing clearance of the threshing cylinder and the linear speed of the threshing element are important factors influencing the threshing performance of grains. Because the physical and mechanical characteristics of different varieties of grains are greatly different, and the annual yield is different, the threshing effect is not ideal due to the fixed threshing gap and the fixed threshing element linear speed, and the threshing gap and the threshing element linear speed can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the threshing diameter of the roller; the present diameter-variable threshing cylinder adopts a mechanical transmission device for regulation, for example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN108925248B provides a threshing cylinder with adjustable threshing diameter and a combine harvester, a constant-speed spiral plate and a matched jaw are adopted, a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set drive the constant-speed spiral plate to rotate, so that a threshing rack bar welded on the jaw moves along the radial direction of the cylinder, the stepless regulation of the threshing diameter of the cylinder is realized, and a ratchet mechanism is arranged at the tail part of the cylinder to lock the constant-speed spiral plate. The method has the advantages of complex structure, low transmission precision, heavy weight and high machining precision requirement due to more gear numbers and other parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The self-locking hydraulic threshing roller device has the advantages that the self-locking hydraulic threshing roller device is simple and compact in structure, light in weight, high in response speed and power density and capable of rapidly and steplessly adjusting the diameter of the threshing roller in real time, threshing gaps and threshing element speeds are rapidly and steplessly adjusted by the threshing roller according to different operation objects and different operation conditions, and threshing performance and operation stability of the threshing roller are improved.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder comprises a threshing cylinder, a diameter adjusting device, a hydraulic transmission device, a hydraulic pump station and a signal acquisition control system; the method is characterized in that:
the threshing cylinder comprises a cylinder main shaft, and a feeding wheel, a front supporting amplitude disc, a first middle supporting amplitude disc, a second middle supporting amplitude disc, a threshing tooth rod and a rear supporting amplitude disc which are sequentially arranged on the cylinder main shaft from front to back along a feeding direction;
the diameter adjusting device comprises a guide rail pushing disc, a middle toothed bar connecting rod, two side toothed bar connecting rods, two side sliding chutes and a compression spring mechanism; the inner sides of the front supporting breadth disc and the rear supporting breadth disc are respectively provided with a guide rail pushing disc and a plurality of sliding grooves which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction, the guide rail pushing discs are arranged on the main shaft of the roller and are matched with a guide sliding key arranged on the main shaft of the roller through the sliding grooves, and the guide rail pushing discs can rotate together with the front supporting breadth disc, the rear supporting breadth disc and the main shaft of the roller and can move back and forth along the main shaft of the roller along the axial direction of the guide sliding key; the guide rail pushing disc is provided with a plurality of guide rails which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction, the bolt penetrates through the guide rails, two ends of the bolt are connected with one ends of the toothed bar connecting rods on two sides, the toothed bar connecting rods on two sides are embedded into the sliding grooves on two sides, and the end part of the other end of the bolt is connected with the threshing toothed bar; the first middle supporting breadth disc and the second middle supporting breadth disc are provided with a plurality of mounting grooves and positioning devices which are uniformly distributed, the compression spring mechanism is mounted in the mounting grooves, the middle rack bar connecting rod is positioned by the positioning devices and can move in the positioning devices in the radial direction, and the other end of the middle rack bar connecting rod is fixed with the threshing rack bar; the compression spring mechanism is compressed when the middle rack bar connecting rod moves towards the direction far away from the circle center so as to offset the centrifugal force generated when the threshing rack bar and the middle rack bar connecting rod rotate and provide restoring force for the return of the threshing rack bar;
the hydraulic transmission device comprises a hollow hydraulic cylinder, a connecting sleeve and a rotary joint arranged at the tail end of the threshing cylinder, wherein the hollow hydraulic cylinder, the connecting sleeve and the rotary joint are arranged on the other sides of the first middle supporting amplitude disc and the second middle supporting amplitude disc respectively; the hollow hydraulic cylinder and the roller main shaft are coaxial and are connected and fixed with the first middle supporting amplitude disc and the second middle supporting amplitude disc through the flange plate, the connecting sleeve is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the flange plate, and the rotary joint is connected with the roller main shaft through the flange plate;
the hydraulic pump station comprises an oil tank, a filter, a hydraulic pump, an overflow valve, two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves and four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves; an oil inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valve is connected with the hydraulic pump, an outlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valve is connected with an oil inlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve, an oil return port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valve is directly connected with an oil tank, and an oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional;
the signal acquisition control system comprises a controller, a displacement sensor, a wireless signal transmitting module and a wireless signal receiver; the displacement sensors are symmetrically and respectively arranged on the front supporting amplitude disc, the rear supporting amplitude disc and the two side rack bar connecting rods; the control electric signal ends of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve and the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively and electrically connected with the controller, and the electric signal of the displacement sensor is transmitted to the controller through the wireless signal transmitting module and the wireless signal receiver.
Furthermore, the sliding grooves on the two sides are fixed on the front supporting amplitude disc and the rear supporting amplitude disc through bolts and nuts.
Furthermore, the compression spring mechanism comprises a compression spring, a base and a supporting cylinder, wherein one end of the supporting cylinder is fixed on the base, the compression spring is sleeved on the supporting cylinder, and the end part of the compression spring is welded on the base; the side of the base is provided with a groove, and the base is matched with the clamping groove close to the end part of the middle toothed bar connecting rod and the groove of the base through the clamping plate to realize the fixed connection between the base and the middle toothed bar connecting rod.
Furthermore, the positioning devices of the first middle supporting breadth disc and the second middle supporting breadth disc are a middle positioning ribbed plate at the center and a positioning plate which is positioned at the edge of the mounting groove and fixed at the edge of the breadth disc, and through holes for accommodating the middle rack bar connecting rod are respectively arranged on the positioning plate and the middle positioning ribbed plate.
Further, a dustproof cover is arranged on the outer side of the diameter adjusting device.
Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are added below the guide rail of the guide rail pushing disc.
Furthermore, the cross sections of the rod parts of the middle rack bar connecting rod and the two side rack bar connecting rods are I-shaped, the through holes in the positioning plate and the middle positioning rib plate are all I-shaped, and the cross sections of the sliding grooves on the two sides are also I-shaped.
Furthermore, the two hollow hydraulic cylinders synchronously reciprocate in two directions, the stroke is 25mm, the radial stroke of the rack bar connecting rods at two sides is driven to be 25mm, and the diameter adjusting range of the threshing cylinder is 0-50 mm.
Furthermore, hydraulic oil of the hydraulic transmission device passes through one side of the rotary joint and is connected with a hydraulic pump station through an oil pipe, and the other side of the hydraulic transmission device passes through the center of the main shaft through the oil pipe and penetrates out of the main shaft hole and is connected with the hollow hydraulic cylinder through the middle supporting amplitude disc through hole.
A combine harvester is provided with the self-locking hydraulic threshing cylinder with adjustable threshing diameter.
According to the cylinder with the adjustable threshing diameter, the diameter adjusting device and the hydraulic transmission device rotate along with the threshing cylinder under the driving of the main shaft of the cylinder in the threshing process, when the diameter of the threshing cylinder needs to be adjusted, the hydraulic pump station oil circuit is controlled to drive the piston rod of the hollow hydraulic cylinder to do reciprocating motion, the guide rail push disc is driven to move back and forth axially, the bolt is driven to move along the guide rail, and therefore the rack rod connecting rod is driven to move up and down, namely the threshing cylinder moves in a radial direction in a reciprocating mode, and the diameter of the threshing cylinder is adjusted. Meanwhile, after the diameter is adjusted, the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve is in the middle position, and the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is in the left position for self-locking, so that the operation stability of the threshing cylinder is ensured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the adjusting mode of adjusting the threshing diameter of the roller is simple and convenient, the response speed is high, stepless adjustment can be carried out on the diameter of the threshing roller without stopping the machine, the adjusting mode is more flexible than the traditional step adjusting mode of the threshing diameter of the roller and the adjusting mode of stopping the machine, the adjusting mode is more stable than the mechanical diameter adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mode is simpler and more reliable than the mechanical self-locking mechanism, when the combine harvester can carry out stepless adjustment on the diameter of the threshing roller in real time according to different operation actual conditions, the threshing gap and the linear speed working parameters of the threshing elements are adjusted to reach the optimal values, and the working efficiency of the combine harvester is greatly improved.
The diameter of the threshing cylinder can be stably and synchronously adjusted by synchronously reciprocating the two hollow hydraulic cylinders in the hydraulic transmission device, the hydraulic transmission device is simple in structure, easy to install and high in transmission efficiency, the weight of the threshing cylinder is greatly reduced compared with the conventional threshing cylinder device with a variable diameter, and the diameter of the cylinder can be rapidly and effectively subjected to stepless adjustment.
After the diameter is adjusted, the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve is positioned at the middle position, and the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is positioned at the left position and can be self-locked, so that the self-locking performance of the threshing cylinder after the diameter is adjusted can be effectively ensured, and the operation stability of the threshing cylinder is ensured; meanwhile, the hydraulic pump station is arranged on the combined harvester main hydraulic pump station, so that the occupied space is greatly reduced, and the structure is more compact;
the device has the advantages of more effective stepless adjustment on the diameter of the roller, high response speed, stable movement, easy realization of automatic control, improvement on the conveying capacity of materials and effective solution of the problem of material blockage; the hydraulic transmission device and the diameter adjusting device are fixedly installed by taking the roller main shaft as an axis, the hollow hydraulic cylinder is installed outside the middle supporting amplitude disc, and the rotary joint is installed at the tail part of the threshing roller, so that the dynamic balance stability of the threshing roller is effectively ensured, and the problems of unstable dynamic balance of the roller and the like caused by the addition of the adjusting device are avoided.
In the invention, each part of the threshing cylinder is divided in a modularized way, and the connection relation among the parts can be detachably connected, for example, the diameter adjusting device, the hydraulic transmission device and the threshing cylinder can be detachably connected; the hydraulic transmission device is only provided with a hydraulic cylinder and a rotary joint, and parts of the diameter adjusting device are detachably connected; make each part of this product design, production, transportation, maintenance and change that can be independent of each other, its equipment, dismantlement mode are simple, and easy operation, and the time of assembling and dismantling is all less, has practiced thrift the manufacturing cost and the use cost of each part greatly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a variable diameter threshing cylinder construction.
Figure 3 is an isometric view of the diameter adjustment device mounted inside the front and rear support counterdiscs.
Figure 4 is a front view of the compression spring mechanism mounted on the intermediate support web.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a guide push plate.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the intermediate support web.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the middle/two-sided rack link.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the compression spring mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system.
In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
101. a feeding wheel 102, a front supporting amplitude disc 103, a first middle supporting amplitude disc 104, a second middle supporting amplitude disc 105, a roller main shaft 106, a threshing tooth rod 107, a rear supporting amplitude disc 108, a positioning plate 109, a mounting groove 110, a middle positioning rib plate 201, a guide rail pushing disc 202, a middle tooth rod connecting rod 203, two side tooth rod connecting rods 204, two side sliding grooves 205, a compression spring mechanism 206, a guide rail 207, a bolt 208, a first dust cover 209, a second dust cover 210, a compression spring 211, a base 212, a supporting cylinder 213, a main shaft clamping plate 301, a hollow hydraulic cylinder 302, a connecting sleeve 303, a rotary joint 304, a hole 304, a 305, a middle supporting amplitude disc through hole 401, an oil tank 402, a filter 403, a hydraulic pump, an overflow valve 404, 405, 406, a three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional reversing valve 407, 408, 409, 410, a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 501. the controller 502 displacement sensor 503 wireless signal emission module 504 wireless signal receiver.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder comprises a threshing cylinder, a diameter adjusting device, a hydraulic transmission device, a hydraulic pump station and a signal acquisition control system, wherein the diameter adjusting device is positioned in the threshing cylinder, is respectively arranged in the inner sides of supporting amplitude discs at two ends of the threshing cylinder and the mounting grooves of the middle supporting amplitude disc and is symmetrical with each other, and is provided with a first dust cover 208 and a second dust cover 209 for dust prevention.
The threshing cylinder comprises a cylinder main shaft 105, and a feeding wheel 101, a front amplitude-supporting disc 102, a rear amplitude-supporting disc 107, a first middle amplitude-supporting disc 103, a second middle amplitude-supporting disc 104, a middle rack bar connecting rod 202, two side rack bar connecting rods 203 and a threshing rack bar 106 which are sequentially arranged on the cylinder main shaft 105 from front to back along a feeding direction. The threshing toothed bar 106 is supported by a middle toothed bar link 202 and two side toothed bar links 203, and is connected by bolts and nuts.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the diameter adjusting device includes a guide rail push plate 201, a middle rack bar link 202, two side rack bar links 203, two side chutes 204, and a compression spring mechanism 205. The inner sides of the front supporting breadth disc 102 and the rear supporting breadth disc 107 are respectively provided with a guide rail pushing disc 201 and a plurality of sliding grooves 204 which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction. The guide rail pushing disc 201 is installed on the roller main shaft 105, is matched with a guide sliding key installed on the roller main shaft 105 through a sliding chute, can rotate together with the front supporting breadth disc 102, the rear supporting breadth disc 107 and the roller main shaft 105, and can move back and forth along the roller main shaft 105 along the axial direction of the guide sliding key.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of guide rails 206 are uniformly distributed in the axial direction on the guide rail push tray 201, a pin 207 crosses the guide rails 206, and both ends of the pin 207 are connected to one end of the two side rack bar links 203, and the pin 207 can move in the guide rails 206. And reinforcing ribs are added below the guide rail 206 of the guide rail pushing disc 201, so that the strength of the guide rail is improved. The two side rack bar connecting rods 203 are fitted into the two side sliding grooves 204 and can move in the two side sliding grooves 204, and the other end portions of the two side rack bar connecting rods 203 are connected to the threshing rack bars 106. When the guide rail pushing disc 201 moves back and forth axially, the middle rack bar connecting rod 202 and the two side rack bar connecting rods 203 move up and down radially.
The first middle supporting breadth disc 103 and the second middle supporting breadth disc 104 have the same structure, as shown in fig. 6, the center part of the first middle supporting breadth disc 103 is provided with a middle positioning ribbed plate 110 which is in a regular polygon shape, the edge of the middle positioning ribbed plate 110 to the edge of the middle supporting breadth disc is a rectangular hole, and a positioning plate 108 is arranged at the rectangular hole and fixed at the edge of the middle supporting breadth disc. The rectangular hole serves as a mounting groove 109 for the compression spring mechanism 205. I-shaped through holes are respectively formed in the frames of the positioning plate 108 and the middle positioning rib plate 110, so that the middle rack bar connecting rod 202 is arranged in the I-shaped through holes and can move in the radial direction of the middle supporting amplitude disc along the through holes. The positioning plate 108 and the middle positioning rib plate 110 play a role in positioning and guiding.
Rectangular grooves are formed in two sides of the rod parts of the middle rack rod connecting rod 202 and the two side rack rod connecting rods 203, namely the cross sections of the rod parts are I-shaped. The rectangular grooves are matched with I-shaped through holes respectively arranged on the side frames of the sliding grooves 204 at the two sides, the positioning plate 108 and the middle positioning rib plate 110, and the guiding effect is achieved. A slot is provided near the end of the middle rack bar link 202, as shown in fig. 7, for limiting the position of the compression spring mechanism 205.
As shown in fig. 8, the compression spring mechanism 205 includes a compression spring 210, a base 211 and a support cylinder 212, one end of the support cylinder 212 is fixed on the base 211, the compression spring 210 is sleeved on the support cylinder 212, and the end of the compression spring 210 is welded on the base 211. The compression spring mechanism 205 is embedded in the mounting groove 109 of the intermediate support spider for supporting the threshing teeth bar 106. The side of the base 211 is provided with a groove, the base 211 is matched with a clamping groove close to the end part of the middle toothed bar connecting rod 202 through a clamping plate 213 to realize the radial positioning of the base 211, the base 211 and the middle toothed bar connecting rod 202 are connected and fixed through the clamping plate 213 and can synchronously move along with the middle toothed bar connecting rod 202, and the centrifugal force generated by the threshing toothed bar when the threshing cylinder rotates is effectively offset.
As shown in fig. 1 and 9, the hydraulic transmission device is coaxial with the main shaft 105 of the drum, can synchronously rotate along with the main shaft, and comprises a hollow hydraulic cylinder 301, a connecting sleeve 302 and a rotary joint 303 arranged at the tail end of the threshing drum, which are respectively arranged at the other sides of a first middle supporting breadth disk 103 and a second middle supporting breadth disk 104; the hollow hydraulic cylinder 301 and the roller main shaft 105 are coaxial and are connected and fixed with the first middle supporting amplitude disc 103 and the second middle supporting amplitude disc 104 through flange plates, the connecting sleeve 302 is connected with a hydraulic cylinder piston rod through a flange plate, and the rotary joint 303 is connected with the roller main shaft 105 through a flange plate. The hydraulic pump station is positioned outside the threshing cylinder and is arranged on a main hydraulic pump station of the combine harvester. Hydraulic oil of the hydraulic transmission device passes through one side of the rotary joint and is connected with a hydraulic pump station through an oil pipe, and the other side of the hydraulic transmission device passes through the center of the main shaft through the oil pipe and penetrates out of the main shaft hole 304 and is connected with the hollow hydraulic cylinder 301 through the middle supporting amplitude disc through hole 305.
The hydraulic pump station comprises an oil tank 401, a filter 402, a hydraulic pump 403, an overflow valve 404, two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 and four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410; oil inlets of three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 are connected with a hydraulic pump 403, outlets of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves are connected with oil inlets of two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410, oil return ports of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves are directly connected with an oil tank 401, and oil outlets of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves are connected with oil ports of a hollow.
The two hollow hydraulic cylinders 301 can synchronously reciprocate in two directions, the stroke is 25mm, the radial stroke of the rack bar connecting rods 203 at two sides is driven to be 25mm, and the diameter variation range of the threshing cylinder is 0-50 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, and 9, the signal acquisition control system includes a controller 501, a displacement sensor 502, a wireless signal transmitting module 503, and a wireless signal receiver 504. The controller 501 may employ a PLC control body and an analog expansion module. The inner sides of the front supporting amplitude disc 102 and the rear supporting amplitude disc 107 are symmetrically provided with a displacement sensor 502 respectively, and a pull rod of the displacement sensor 502 is connected with one of the two side rack bar connecting rods 203. The outer circumferential surface of the support disc is provided with a wireless signal transmitting module 503, the electric signal end of the displacement sensor 502 is connected with the electric signal end of the wireless signal transmitting module 503, the wireless signal receiver 504 receives signals sent by the wireless signal transmitting module 503, the electric signals output by the wireless signal receiver 504 are connected with the controller 501, and the electric signal ends 407, 408, 409 and 410 of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 and the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve are respectively and electrically connected with the controller 501.
When the diameter of the threshing cylinder does not need to be adjusted, the control coils of the two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 and the four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410 are not electrified, the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valve is in the middle position, the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve is in the left position, and at the moment, the oil passages of the four pressure cavities of the two hollow hydraulic cylinders are not communicated and are self-locked. When the diameter of the threshing cylinder needs to be increased, the controller 501 outputs signals to control the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 to be positioned at the left position and the right position, and the four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410 are positioned at the right position, so that the piston rod extends out, and the diameter of the threshing cylinder is increased; when the displacement sensor 502 monitors the displacement of the rack bar connecting rod 203 on two sides in real time, the electric signal end of the displacement sensor 502 is transmitted to the wireless signal transmitting module 503, the wireless signal receiver 504 receives the signal sent by the wireless signal transmitting module 503, and the electric signal output by the wireless signal receiver 504 is transmitted to the controller 501; after the controller 501 determines that the displacement of the rack bar links 203 on both sides reaches the adjustment value, the controller 501 issues an instruction to stop the adjustment. When the diameter of the threshing cylinder needs to be reduced, the controller 501 outputs signals to control the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 to be positioned at the right position and the left position, and the four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410 are positioned at the right position, so that the piston rod retracts, and the diameter of the threshing cylinder is reduced; when the displacement sensor 502 monitors the displacement of the rack bar connecting rod 203 on two sides in real time, the electric signal end of the displacement sensor 502 is transmitted to the wireless signal transmitting module 503, the wireless signal receiver 504 receives the signal sent by the wireless signal transmitting module 503, and the electric signal output by the wireless signal receiver 504 is transmitted to the controller 501; after the controller 501 determines that the displacement of the rack bar links 203 on both sides reaches the adjustment value, the controller 501 issues an instruction to stop the adjustment.
The threshing cylinder with adjustable threshing diameter has the following specific working processes: when the diameter of the threshing cylinder is required to be adjusted according to different conditions in the harvesting process of the combine harvester, the electric signal end of the displacement sensor 502 is transmitted to the wireless signal transmitting module 503, the wireless signal receiver 504 receives signals sent by the wireless signal transmitting module 503, the electric signal output by the wireless signal receiver 504 is transmitted to the controller 501, the electric signal output by the controller 501 controls the positions of two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 and four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410 in a hydraulic pump station, the opening degrees of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 are continuously adjusted, the input and output flow rates of the hollow hydraulic cylinders 301 are controlled, the two hollow hydraulic cylinders 301 are driven to synchronously reciprocate, then the guide rail push disc 201 is driven to axially move back and forth by the connecting sleeve 302, the bolt moves along the track of the guide rail 206 to drive, thereby realizing the synchronous adjustment of the diameter of the threshing cylinder. When the threshing diameter of the threshing cylinder needs to be locked after the threshing diameter is adjusted, the control coils of the two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 and the four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410 are not electrified, the two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves 405 and 406 are in the middle position, the four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves 407, 408, 409 and 410 are in the left position, and at the moment, the oil paths of the four pressure cavities of the two hollow hydraulic cylinders 301 are not communicated and are self-locked, so that the self-locking performance of the threshing cylinder after the diameter is adjusted can be effectively guaranteed, and the.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder comprises a threshing cylinder, a diameter adjusting device, a hydraulic transmission device, a hydraulic pump station and a signal acquisition control system; the method is characterized in that:
the threshing cylinder comprises a cylinder main shaft (105), and a feeding wheel (101), a front supporting amplitude disc (102), a first middle supporting amplitude disc (103), a second middle supporting amplitude disc (104), a threshing toothed bar (106) and a rear supporting amplitude disc (107) which are sequentially arranged on the cylinder main shaft (105) from front to back along a feeding direction;
the diameter adjusting device comprises a guide rail push disc (201), a middle toothed bar connecting rod (202), two side toothed bar connecting rods (203), two side sliding grooves (204) and a compression spring mechanism (205); the inner sides of the front supporting breadth disc (102) and the rear supporting breadth disc (107) are respectively provided with a guide rail push disc (201) and a plurality of sliding grooves (204) which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction, the guide rail push disc (201) is installed on the roller spindle (105), and is matched with a guide sliding key installed on the roller spindle (105) through the sliding grooves, can rotate together with the front supporting breadth disc (102), the rear supporting breadth disc (107) and the roller spindle (105), and can move back and forth along the axial direction of the guide sliding key along the roller spindle (105); a plurality of guide rails (206) which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction are arranged on the guide rail pushing disc (201), a bolt (207) penetrates through the guide rails (206), two ends of the bolt are connected with one ends of two side toothed bar connecting rods (203), the two side toothed bar connecting rods (203) are embedded into two side sliding grooves (204), and the end part of the other end of the bolt is connected with a threshing toothed bar (106); the first middle supporting breadth disc (103) and the second middle supporting breadth disc (104) are provided with a plurality of installation grooves (109) and positioning devices which are uniformly distributed, the compression spring mechanism (205) is installed in the installation grooves (109), the middle toothed bar connecting rod (202) is positioned by the positioning devices and can move in the positioning devices in the radial direction, and the other end of the middle toothed bar connecting rod (202) is fixed with the threshing toothed bar (106); the compression spring mechanism (205) is compressed when the middle rack bar connecting rod (202) moves towards the direction far away from the circle center so as to offset the centrifugal force generated when the threshing rack bar (106) and the middle rack bar connecting rod (202) rotate, and provides restoring force for the return of the threshing rack bar (106);
the hydraulic transmission device comprises a hollow hydraulic cylinder (301), a connecting sleeve (302) and a rotary joint (303) arranged at the tail end of the threshing cylinder, wherein the hollow hydraulic cylinder (301), the connecting sleeve (302) and the rotary joint are respectively arranged at the other sides of a first middle supporting amplitude disc (103) and a second middle supporting amplitude disc (104); the hollow hydraulic cylinder (301) and the roller main shaft (105) are coaxial and are connected and fixed with the first middle supporting amplitude disc (103) and the second middle supporting amplitude disc (104) through flanges, the connecting sleeve (302) is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a flange, and the rotary joint (303) is connected with the roller main shaft (105) through a flange;
the hydraulic pump station comprises an oil tank (401), a filter (402), a hydraulic pump (403), an overflow valve (404), two three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves (405, 406) and four two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves (407, 408, 409, 410); oil inlets of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves (405, 406) are connected with a hydraulic pump (403), outlets of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves are connected with oil inlets of two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves (407, 408, 409, 410), oil return ports of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves are directly connected with an oil tank (401), and oil outlets of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves are connected with oil ports of the hollow hydraulic cylinder (301;
the signal acquisition control system comprises a controller (501), a displacement sensor (502), a wireless signal transmitting module (503) and a wireless signal receiver (504); the displacement sensors (502) are symmetrically and respectively arranged on the front supporting amplitude disc (102), the rear supporting amplitude disc (107) and the two side rack bar connecting rods (203); the control electric signal ends of the three-position four-way electromagnetic proportional directional valves (405, 406) and the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves (407, 408, 409, 410) are respectively electrically connected with the controller (501), and the electric signal of the displacement sensor (502) is transmitted to the controller (501) through the wireless signal transmitting module (503) and the wireless signal receiver (504).
2. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the two side chutes (204) are fixed on the front supporting breadth plate (102) and the rear supporting breadth plate (107) through bolts and nuts.
3. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression spring mechanism comprises a compression spring (210), a base (211) and a supporting cylinder (212), one end of the supporting cylinder (212) is fixed on the base (211), the compression spring (210) is sleeved on the supporting cylinder (212), and the end part of the compression spring (210) is welded on the base (211); the side of the base (211) is provided with a groove, and the base (211) is matched with the clamping groove at the end part of the middle toothed bar connecting rod (202) and the groove of the base (211) through the clamping plate (213) to realize the fixed connection between the base (211) and the middle toothed bar connecting rod (202).
4. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning devices of the first middle supporting breadth disc (103) and the second middle supporting breadth disc (104) are a middle positioning ribbed plate (110) at the centers of the positioning devices and a positioning plate (108) which is positioned at the edge of the mounting groove and fixed at the edge of the breadth disc, and through holes for accommodating the middle rack bar connecting rod (202) are respectively arranged on the positioning plate (108) and the middle positioning ribbed plate (110).
5. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter adjusting device is provided with a dust cover (208, 209) outside.
6. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: reinforcing ribs are added below the guide rail (206) of the guide rail pushing disc (201).
7. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rod parts of the middle rack bar connecting rod (202) and the two side rack bar connecting rods (203) are I-shaped in cross section, the through holes in the positioning plate (108) and the middle positioning rib plate (110) are all I-shaped, and the cross sections of the two side sliding grooves (204) are also I-shaped.
8. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two hollow hydraulic cylinders (301) synchronously reciprocate in two directions, the stroke is 25mm, the radial stroke of the rack bar connecting rods (203) at two sides is driven to be 25mm, and the diameter adjusting range of the threshing cylinder is 0-50 mm.
9. The self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: and hydraulic oil of the hydraulic transmission device passes through one side of the rotary joint (303) and is connected with a hydraulic pump station through an oil pipe, and the other side of the hydraulic transmission device passes through the center of the main shaft (105) through the oil pipe and penetrates out of the main shaft hole (304) and is connected with the hollow hydraulic cylinder (301) through the middle supporting amplitude disc through hole (305).
10. A combine harvester equipped with a self-locking hydraulic variable diameter threshing cylinder according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202011062680.1A CN112189455B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder and combine harvester |
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| CN113508690A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-10-19 | 河南科技大学 | Flexible threshing device capable of automatically adjusting threshing gap |
| CN113519279A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏大学 | Hydraulic self-adaptive driving and controlling system and method for hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder |
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| CN115088481A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏大学 | Support movable variable-diameter threshing cylinder with amplitude disc and combine harvester |
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| CN112189455B (en) | 2021-08-03 |
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