CN112186217A - Fuel cell cooling temperature control method and system, storage medium and fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cell cooling temperature control method and system, storage medium and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112186217A CN112186217A CN202010833148.9A CN202010833148A CN112186217A CN 112186217 A CN112186217 A CN 112186217A CN 202010833148 A CN202010833148 A CN 202010833148A CN 112186217 A CN112186217 A CN 112186217A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell cooling temperature control method, a system, a storage medium and a fuel cell, wherein a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of a condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser are collected; whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced-pressure cold energy to the condenser; the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced through the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the outlet of the condenser, if the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, the fuel is introduced into the fuel cell stack and serves as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold energy. The invention can effectively control the temperature of the air compressor entering the fuel cell stack to be not higher than 80 ℃, prevent the performance of the cell from being poor due to the evaporation of water caused by overhigh gas temperature and greatly reduce the service life. And the energy loss generated when the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced is fully utilized, and the fuel air cooling device is more energy-saving and simpler to use for cooling the fuel air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell cooling temperature control method, a fuel cell cooling temperature control system, a storage medium and a fuel cell.
Background
At present, a fuel cell is a high-efficiency and environment-friendly power generation device, chemical energy can be directly converted into electric energy to provide power for connected electric equipment, a membrane electrode is the core of an internal component of the fuel cell, and the working condition of the membrane electrode needs to have certain temperature and humidity. The temperature of the hydrogen and air entering the fuel cells can greatly affect the performance of the fuel cell stack. The air source is that the air is filtered by external air and then enters the air compressor, and then the compressed air is provided for the fuel cell stack, because of the high power requirement of the fuel cell stack, the air demand is higher, and the air temperature is sharply increased due to the air compression of the air compressor, which can generally reach about 100-130 ℃ and is higher than the normal operation temperature of the fuel cell stack. The transfer of protons in the proton exchange membrane needs to rely on water molecules as a conductive medium, and if the temperature is too high, water is evaporated, so that a drying phenomenon is caused, the conductivity of the proton exchange membrane is greatly reduced, and poor battery performance is caused. Moreover, the glass transition temperature of the proton exchange membrane is low, and the mechanical stability and the dimensional stability of the proton exchange membrane can be lost at high temperature. The current technology does not pay attention to the temperature control of the air inlet, and does not cool and control the compressed air, so that the working efficiency and the durability of the fuel cell stack are affected.
The hydrogen tank used by the fuel cell is high-pressure hydrogen with the pressure of 35-70 MPa, and the pressure of the gas entering the fuel cell stack is generally in a low-pressure state through pressure reduction. The hydrogen can expand and absorb heat when the pressure is reduced, and the cold energy is released, and the cold energy generally naturally flows away, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the hydrogen is 6.7 times larger than that of air, and the hydrogen is more suitable for taking away heat.
Utility model patent with publication number CN 207183421U uses air cooler to cool off the air, and the heat that is used for taking away air conduit at air conduit surface suit liquid cooling pipeline, nevertheless this kind of structure requires highly to the leakproofness of pipeline to the liquid cooling system is too complicated, and the cooling effect is limited.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the prior art uses air cooler to cool off the air and requires higher to the leakproofness of pipeline to the liquid cooling system is too complicated, and the cooling effect is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fuel cell cooling temperature control method, a system, a storage medium and a fuel cell.
The invention is realized in such a way that the fuel cell cooling temperature control method comprises the following steps:
collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of a condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced-pressure cold energy to the condenser;
the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced through the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the outlet of the condenser, if the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, the fuel is introduced into the fuel cell stack and serves as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold energy.
Furthermore, the fuel cell cooling temperature control method is characterized in that temperature sensors are arranged at the outlet of the air compressor and the outlet of the condenser, temperature signals can be collected through a temperature control unit and fed back to the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the temperature of air at the inlet of the fuel cell is controlled through cooling;
the fuel cell cooling temperature control method includes the steps that a temperature control unit is adopted to collect a temperature sensor signal at an outlet of an air compressor and a temperature signal at an outlet of a condenser respectively, the control unit acquires whether the temperature at the position of the temperature sensor at the outlet of the condenser is higher than 80 ℃, if the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, a signal is fed back to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is enabled to convey cooling capacity of hydrogen depressurization into the condenser, air at the outlet of the air compressor is cooled through the condenser, the temperature sensor at the outlet of the condenser is used for continuously monitoring temperature, if the temperature is not higher than 80 ℃, air is allowed to be introduced into a fuel cell stack to serve as fuel, and meanwhile the heat.
Further, the fuel cell temperature reduction control method further includes:
(1) hydrogen flows out of the high-pressure gas cylinder, is depressurized by the primary pressure reducing valve and the secondary pressure reducing valve, is cooled and absorbs heat, releases part of cold energy, flows into the heat exchanger, and sends the cold energy into a condenser of an air path for refrigeration and heat dissipation; the hydrogen after pressure reduction passes through a heating humidifier, and the temperature and the humidity of the gas reach the normal requirements of entering a fuel cell;
(2) air passes through an air filter, clean air enters an air compressor to obtain high-pressure and high-temperature gas, the high-pressure and high-temperature gas flows through a condenser to obtain heat dissipation, the cooling is accelerated by cold energy brought by a heat exchanger to reach the proper inlet temperature of the fuel cell, and the high-pressure and high-temperature gas enters a fuel cell stack after being humidified;
(3) the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is controlled by using a temperature control unit, a temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the air compressor, a temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the condenser, and a temperature sensing signal is arranged between the control unit and the heat exchanger.
Further comprising:
when the temperature of the air at the outlet of the condenser is higher than the temperature set by the fuel cell, the temperature control unit feeds back a signal to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger releases cold energy to the condenser, the heat dissipation rate of the condenser is increased, the temperature sensor at the outlet of the condenser continuously feeds back the temperature to the heat exchanger end until the temperature is reduced to a proper temperature, and the air can be allowed to enter the fuel cell stack;
when the temperature of the outlet of the condenser is not greatly different from the temperature set by the fuel cell, the temperature control unit feeds back the temperature to the heat exchanger to stop releasing the cold energy into the condenser;
the temperature sensor at the outlet end of the air compressor is used for monitoring the abnormal temperature condition of high-pressure gas of the air compressor, if the temperature is too high, the air compressor is stopped to work, and the feedback is carried out in time;
the heating humidifier is internally provided with an electric heater, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the electric heater heats water to 70-80 ℃, hydrogen enters the water in the tank from the air inlet pipe, and the hydrogen is output to the fuel cell from the air outlet pipe for use after heating and humidifying.
Further, the fuel cell temperature reduction control method further includes: hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder flows into the expander, and the hydrogen is decompressed and expanded, applies work to the outside, is cooled and flows into the second heat exchanger, and cold energy is brought. After passing through a plurality of stages of expansion systems, the hydrogen is reduced to a low-pressure state and passes through a second heating humidifier to meet the requirements of temperature and humidity of the hydrogen flowing into a second fuel cell stack; the expander recovers the cold energy of the high-pressure hydrogen, the cold energy is supplied to the cooling circulating water from the second fuel cell stack through the second heat exchanger, the cooling circulating water takes away waste heat from the second fuel cell stack, the heat is released through the second condenser, the cold energy brought by the expander directly accelerates the heat dissipation of the second condenser, and the cooled cooling water circulates back to the water tank in a normal temperature state and is continuously reused.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of a condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced-pressure cold energy to the condenser;
the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced through the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the outlet of the condenser, if the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, the fuel is introduced into the fuel cell stack and serves as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold energy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell cool-down temperature control system for implementing the fuel cell cool-down temperature control method, the fuel cell cool-down temperature control system including:
the temperature signal collecting module is used for collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of the condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
the temperature signal feedback module is used for judging whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger, and transmitting the reduced cold quantity to the condenser;
the temperature monitoring module is used for continuously monitoring the temperature at the outlet of the condenser after the temperature at the inlet of the condenser is reduced by the condenser;
and the cold release stopping module is used for introducing the fuel into the fuel cell stack to serve as fuel when the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, and the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell cool-down temperature control apparatus having the fuel cell cool-down temperature control system mounted thereon, the fuel cell cool-down temperature control apparatus including: the system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, a first temperature sensor, a first condenser, a second temperature sensor, an air humidifier, a high-pressure hydrogen tank, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a first heat exchanger, a first heating humidifier and a first fuel cell stack;
the air filter is connected with the air compressor through a pipeline, the air compressor is connected with the first condenser through a pipeline, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are respectively installed at the inlet and the outlet of the first condenser, the first condenser is connected with the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, the temperature control unit is connected with the first temperature sensor through a signal line and the second temperature sensor, the hydrogen pressing gas tank is connected with the first heat exchanger through a hydrogen pressure reducing valve and a pipeline, the first heat exchanger is connected with the first heating humidifier through a pipeline, the first condenser is connected with the air humidifier through a pipeline, and the air humidifier and the first heating humidifier are respectively connected with the outlet and the inlet of the first fuel cell stack.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an expansion cooling circulation water device with the fuel cell cooling temperature control system, the expansion cooling circulation water device includes: the system comprises a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, an expander, a second heat exchanger, a main water tank, a second heating humidifier, a second condenser and a second fuel cell stack;
the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is connected with the expander through a pipeline, the expander is connected with the second heat exchanger through a pipeline, the second heat exchanger is connected with the second heating humidifier and the second condenser through a pipeline, and the main water tank is connected with the second heating humidifier, the second condenser and the second fuel cell stack through pipelines.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell, which is connected to the fuel cell cool-down temperature control system.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention utilizes high-pressure hydrogen to reduce the pressure and the temperature, releases cold energy, can be used for reducing the temperature of air at the outlet of the air compressor, and simultaneously controls the temperature of air at the inlet of the fuel cell, thereby solving the problem of overhigh temperature of the air at the inlet of the fuel cell. Since the air compressor compresses air to bring the gas temperature to 100-130 ℃, such temperature is not suitable for entering the fuel cell stack. According to the invention, high-pressure hydrogen is used for reducing pressure and temperature, the temperature can be reduced by about 10-15 ℃, cold energy is released through the heat exchanger and is sent into the condenser, gas temperature signals are collected from the air outlet and the condenser outlet, if the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is higher than 80 ℃, a signal is fed back to the heat exchanger to continuously release the cold energy into the condenser, and air can not flow into the fuel cell stack until the temperature signal in the second sensor is not higher than 80 ℃. By the method, the temperature of the air compressor entering the fuel cell stack can be effectively controlled to be not higher than 80 ℃, the phenomenon that the performance of the cell is poor due to evaporation of water caused by overhigh gas temperature is prevented, and the service life is greatly shortened. And the energy loss generated when the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced is fully utilized, and the fuel air cooling device is more energy-saving and simpler to use for cooling the fuel air.
After entering an air compressor, the air of the fuel cell is compressed into high-pressure gas, the temperature is raised to reach 100-130 ℃ generally, the temperature is not suitable for the normal working temperature of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell needs to be properly cooled; when the high-pressure hydrogen is depressurized, the gas expands to reduce the pressure and the temperature, thereby releasing cold energy and losing energy to some extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fuel cell temperature lowering control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell temperature reduction and control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 2: 1. a temperature signal collection module; 2. a temperature signal feedback module; 3. a temperature monitoring module; 4. and a cold release stopping module.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an implementation of a fuel cell temperature lowering control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell temperature reduction and control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 4: 5. an air filter; 6. an air compressor; 7. a first temperature sensor; 8. a first condenser; 9. a second temperature sensor; 10. an air humidifier; 11. a high-pressure hydrogen tank; 12. a hydrogen pressure reducing valve; 13. a first heat exchanger; 14. a first heated humidifier; 15. a first fuel cell stack.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion depressurization and circulating water cooling device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
in fig. 5: 16. a high pressure hydrogen cylinder; 17. an expander; 18. a second heat exchanger; 19. a main water tank; 20. a second heated humidifier; 21. a second condenser; 22. a second fuel cell stack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method, a system, a storage medium, and a fuel cell for controlling a temperature of a fuel cell, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell cooling temperature control method provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
s101: collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of a condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
s102: whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced-pressure cold energy to the condenser;
s103: the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced through the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the outlet of the condenser, if the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, the fuel is introduced into the fuel cell stack and serves as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold energy.
A person skilled in the art of the method for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell provided by the present invention may also use other steps to implement, and the method for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell provided by the present invention in fig. 1 is only one specific example.
As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell temperature lowering and controlling system provided by the present invention includes:
the temperature signal collecting module 1 is used for collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of the condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
the temperature signal feedback module 2 is used for feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced cold quantity to the condenser if the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value;
the temperature monitoring module 3 is used for continuously monitoring the temperature at the outlet of the condenser after the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced by the condenser;
and the cold release stopping module 4 is used for introducing the fuel into the fuel cell stack to serve as fuel when the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, and the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The temperature sensors are arranged at the outlet of the air compressor and the outlet of the condenser, temperature signals can be acquired through the temperature control unit and fed back to the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the temperature of air at the inlet of the fuel cell is controlled through temperature reduction to reach the proper temperature. The invention adopts the temperature control unit to respectively collect the temperature sensor signal at the outlet of the air compressor and the temperature signal at the outlet of the condenser, the control unit acquires whether the temperature at the second temperature sensor is higher than 80 ℃, if the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the control unit feeds back a signal to the heat exchanger to enable the heat exchanger to transmit the cold energy of hydrogen depressurization into the condenser, the air at the outlet of the air compressor is cooled by the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the second temperature sensor, if the temperature is not higher than 80 ℃, the air is allowed to be introduced into the fuel cell stack to serve as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing the cold energy. The control circulation is continued, so that the temperature of air of the air compressor can be quickly and effectively reduced, and the temperature is suitable for entering the fuel cell stack. The invention utilizes high-pressure hydrogen to reduce pressure, consumes internal energy of gas to reduce temperature, releases partial cold energy, and has higher energy utilization rate for reducing the temperature of compressed air with higher temperature at the outlet of the air compressor.
The temperature sensors are arranged at the outlet of the air compressor and the outlet of the condenser, temperature signals can be acquired through the temperature control unit and fed back to the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the temperature of air at the inlet of the fuel cell is controlled through temperature reduction to reach the proper temperature. The invention adopts a temperature control unit to respectively collect a temperature sensor signal at the outlet of an air compressor and a temperature signal at the outlet of a condenser, the control unit acquires whether the temperature at the second temperature sensor is higher than 80 ℃, if the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, a signal is fed back to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger transmits the cold energy of hydrogen depressurization into the condenser, the air at the outlet of the air compressor is cooled by the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the second temperature sensor, if the temperature is not higher than 80 ℃, the air is allowed to be introduced into a fuel cell stack to serve as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing the cold energy. The control circulation is continued, so that the temperature of air of the air compressor can be quickly and effectively reduced, and the temperature is suitable for entering the fuel cell stack.
As shown in fig. 3, the air temperature reduction and control system provided by the present invention is realized by three parts:
(1) hydrogen flows out of the high-pressure gas cylinder, is depressurized by the primary pressure reducing valve and the secondary pressure reducing valve, is cooled and absorbs heat, releases part of cold energy, flows into the heat exchanger, and sends the cold energy into a condenser of an air path for refrigeration and heat dissipation; the hydrogen after pressure reduction passes through the heating humidifier, and the temperature and the humidity of the gas both meet the normal requirements of entering the fuel cell.
(2) Air passes through the air filter, clean air enters the air compressor to obtain high-pressure and high-temperature gas, the gas flows through the condenser to be radiated, the cooling capacity brought by the heat exchanger is accelerated to reduce the temperature, the inlet temperature of the fuel cell is suitable, and the gas enters the fuel cell stack after being humidified.
(3) The inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is controlled by using a temperature control unit, a first temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the air compressor, a second temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the condenser, and a temperature sensing signal is arranged between the control unit and the heat exchanger.
When the temperature of the air at the outlet of the condenser is higher than the temperature set by the fuel cell, the temperature control unit feeds back a signal to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger releases cold energy to the condenser, the heat dissipation rate of the condenser is increased, the second temperature sensor continuously feeds back the temperature to the heat exchanger end until the temperature is reduced to a proper temperature, and the air can be allowed to enter the fuel cell stack.
When the temperature of the outlet of the condenser is not greatly different from the temperature set by the fuel cell, the temperature control unit feeds back the temperature to the heat exchanger to stop releasing the cold energy to the condenser.
First temperature sensor is used for monitoring air compressor machine high-pressure gas's the temperature abnormal conditions, if the high temperature, stops air compressor machine work promptly, and timely feedback to maintain the nursing.
The condenser is internally provided with a plurality of radiating fins, and the size of the condenser can be selected according to the cold energy of gas refrigeration.
The heating humidifier is internally provided with an electric heater, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the electric heater heats water to 70-80 ℃, hydrogen enters the water in the tank from the air inlet pipe, and the hydrogen is output to the fuel cell from the air outlet pipe for use after heating and humidifying.
As shown in fig. 4, the fuel cell temperature lowering control device provided by the present invention includes: the system comprises an air filter 5, an air compressor 6, a first temperature sensor 7, a first condenser 8, a second temperature sensor 9, an air humidifier 10, a high-pressure hydrogen tank 11, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 12, a first heat exchanger 13, a first heating humidifier 14 and a first fuel cell stack 15.
The air filter 5 is connected with the air compressor 6 through a pipeline, the air compressor 6 is connected with the first condenser 8 through a pipeline, the first temperature sensor 7 and the second temperature sensor 9 are installed at the inlet and the outlet of the first condenser 8 respectively, the first condenser 8 is connected with the first heat exchanger 13 through a pipeline, the temperature control unit is connected with the first temperature sensor 7 and the second temperature sensor 9 through signal lines, the hydrogen tank 11 is connected with the first heat exchanger 13 through a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 12 and a pipeline, the first heat exchanger 13 is connected with the first heating humidifier 14 through a pipeline, the first condenser 8 is connected with the air humidifier 10 through a pipeline, and the air humidifier 10 and the first heating humidifier 14 are connected with the outlet and the inlet of the first fuel cell stack 15 respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, the expansion cooling circulation water apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 16, an expander 17, a second heat exchanger 18, a header tank 19, a second heating humidifier 20, a second condenser 21, and a second fuel cell stack 22.
The high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 16 is connected with an expander 17 through a pipeline, the expander 17 is connected with a second heat exchanger 18 through a pipeline, the second heat exchanger 18 is connected with a second heating humidifier 20 and a second condenser 21 through a pipeline, and a main water tank 19 is connected with the second heating humidifier 20, the second condenser 21 and a second fuel cell stack 22 through pipelines.
The hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 16 flows into the expander 17, and the hydrogen is decompressed and expanded, can do work outwards, and is cooled and flows into the second heat exchanger 18 to bring cold energy. After several stages of expansion, the hydrogen is reduced to a low pressure state and passes through the second heating humidifier 20 to meet the temperature and humidity requirements of the second fuel cell stack 22. The expander 17 can recover the cold energy of the high-pressure hydrogen and supply the cooling circulating water coming out of the second fuel cell stack 22 through the second heat exchanger 18. The cooling circulating water comes out from the second fuel cell stack 22 to take away waste heat, the heat is released through the second condenser 21, the cold energy brought by the expander 17 can directly accelerate the heat dissipation of the second condenser 21, a large-sized condenser is not needed, and the cooled cooling water circulates back to the water tank in a normal temperature state and is continuously reused.
The expander 17 uses a piston type expander, the hydrogen is decompressed and cooled in the expander 17 to consume internal energy, and output work outwards, and the output work can be used as mechanical energy for automobile running.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code being provided on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD-or DVD-ROM, programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier, for example. The apparatus and its modules of the present invention may be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., or by software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of hardware circuits and software, e.g., firmware.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell temperature-reducing control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of a condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced-pressure cold energy to the condenser;
the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced through the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the outlet of the condenser, if the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, the fuel is introduced into the fuel cell stack and serves as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold energy.
2. The fuel cell cooling temperature control method according to claim 1, wherein temperature sensors are provided at an outlet of the air compressor and an outlet of the condenser, and temperature signals are collected by a temperature control unit and fed back to the hydrogen heat exchanger to control the temperature of air at an inlet of the fuel cell by cooling;
the fuel cell cooling temperature control method includes the steps that a temperature control unit is adopted to collect a temperature sensor signal at an outlet of an air compressor and a temperature signal at an outlet of a condenser respectively, the control unit acquires whether the temperature at the position of the temperature sensor at the outlet of the condenser is higher than 80 ℃, if the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, a signal is fed back to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is enabled to convey cooling capacity of hydrogen depressurization into the condenser, air at the outlet of the air compressor is cooled through the condenser, the temperature sensor at the outlet of the condenser is used for continuously monitoring temperature, if the temperature is not higher than 80 ℃, air is allowed to be introduced into a fuel cell stack to serve as fuel, and meanwhile the heat.
3. The fuel cell cool-down temperature control method according to claim 2, further comprising:
(1) hydrogen flows out of the high-pressure gas cylinder, is depressurized by the primary pressure reducing valve and the secondary pressure reducing valve, is cooled and absorbs heat, releases part of cold energy, flows into the heat exchanger, and sends the cold energy into a condenser of an air path for refrigeration and heat dissipation; the hydrogen after pressure reduction passes through a heating humidifier, and the temperature and the humidity of the gas reach the normal requirements of entering a fuel cell;
(2) air passes through an air filter, clean air enters an air compressor to obtain high-pressure and high-temperature gas, the high-pressure and high-temperature gas flows through a condenser to obtain heat dissipation, the cooling is accelerated by cold energy brought by a heat exchanger to reach the proper inlet temperature of the fuel cell, and the high-pressure and high-temperature gas enters a fuel cell stack after being humidified;
(3) the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is controlled by using a temperature control unit, a temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the air compressor, a temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the condenser, and a temperature sensing signal is arranged between the control unit and the heat exchanger.
4. The fuel cell temperature lowering control method according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising:
when the temperature of the air at the outlet of the condenser is higher than the temperature set by the fuel cell, the temperature control unit feeds back a signal to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger releases cold energy to the condenser, the heat dissipation rate of the condenser is increased, the temperature sensor at the outlet of the condenser continuously feeds back the temperature to the heat exchanger end until the temperature is reduced to a proper temperature, and the air can be allowed to enter the fuel cell stack;
when the temperature of the outlet of the condenser is not greatly different from the temperature set by the fuel cell, the temperature control unit feeds back the temperature to the heat exchanger to stop releasing the cold energy into the condenser;
the temperature sensor at the outlet end of the air compressor is used for monitoring the abnormal temperature condition of high-pressure gas of the air compressor, if the temperature is too high, the air compressor is stopped to work, and the feedback is carried out in time;
the heating humidifier is internally provided with an electric heater, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the electric heater heats water to 70-80 ℃, hydrogen enters the water in the tank from the air inlet pipe, and the hydrogen is output to the fuel cell from the air outlet pipe for use after heating and humidifying.
5. The fuel cell cool-down temperature control method according to claim 1, further comprising: hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder flows into the expander, is decompressed and expanded, applies work to the outside, is cooled and flows into the second heat exchanger, and cold energy is brought; after passing through a plurality of stages of expansion systems, the hydrogen is reduced to a low-pressure state and passes through a second heating humidifier to meet the requirements of temperature and humidity of the hydrogen flowing into a second fuel cell stack; the expander recovers the cold energy of the high-pressure hydrogen, the cold energy is supplied to the cooling circulating water from the second fuel cell stack through the second heat exchanger, the cooling circulating water takes away waste heat from the second fuel cell stack, the heat is released through the second condenser, the cold energy brought by the expander directly accelerates the heat dissipation of the second condenser, and the cooled cooling water circulates back to the water tank in a normal temperature state and is continuously reused.
6. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of a condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger to convey the reduced-pressure cold energy to the condenser;
the temperature of the inlet of the condenser is reduced through the condenser, the temperature is continuously monitored at the outlet of the condenser, if the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, the fuel is introduced into the fuel cell stack and serves as fuel, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold energy.
7. A fuel cell temperature-lowering control system for implementing the fuel cell temperature-lowering control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising:
the temperature signal collecting module is used for collecting a temperature sensing signal at an inlet of the condenser and a temperature sensing signal at an outlet of the condenser;
the temperature signal feedback module is used for judging whether the temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than a threshold value or not, if so, feeding back a signal to the heat exchanger, and transmitting the reduced cold quantity to the condenser;
the temperature monitoring module is used for continuously monitoring the temperature at the outlet of the condenser after the temperature at the inlet of the condenser is reduced by the condenser;
and the cold release stopping module is used for introducing the fuel into the fuel cell stack to serve as fuel when the temperature is not higher than a threshold value, and the heat exchanger can stop releasing cold.
8. A fuel cell cool-down temperature control device equipped with the fuel cell cool-down temperature control system according to claim 7, characterized by comprising: the system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, a first temperature sensor, a first condenser, a second temperature sensor, an air humidifier, a high-pressure hydrogen tank, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a first heat exchanger, a first heating humidifier and a first fuel cell stack;
the air filter is connected with the air compressor through a pipeline, the air compressor is connected with the first condenser through a pipeline, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are respectively installed at the inlet and the outlet of the first condenser, the first condenser is connected with the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, the temperature control unit is connected with the first temperature sensor through a signal line and the second temperature sensor, the hydrogen pressing gas tank is connected with the first heat exchanger through a hydrogen pressure reducing valve and a pipeline, the first heat exchanger is connected with the first heating humidifier through a pipeline, the first condenser is connected with the air humidifier through a pipeline, and the air humidifier and the first heating humidifier are respectively connected with the outlet and the inlet of the first fuel cell stack.
9. An expansion cooling circulation water device equipped with the fuel cell cooling temperature control system according to claim 7, wherein the expansion cooling circulation water device comprises: the system comprises a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, an expander, a second heat exchanger, a main water tank, a second heating humidifier, a second condenser and a second fuel cell stack;
the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is connected with the expander through a pipeline, the expander is connected with the second heat exchanger through a pipeline, the second heat exchanger is connected with the second heating humidifier and the second condenser through a pipeline, and the main water tank is connected with the second heating humidifier, the second condenser and the second fuel cell stack through pipelines.
10. A fuel cell, characterized in that the fuel cell is connected with the fuel cell cool-down temperature control system according to claim 7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010833148.9A CN112186217A (en) | 2020-08-18 | 2020-08-18 | Fuel cell cooling temperature control method and system, storage medium and fuel cell |
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| CN202010833148.9A CN112186217A (en) | 2020-08-18 | 2020-08-18 | Fuel cell cooling temperature control method and system, storage medium and fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113775535A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Air compressor system with cooling function, fuel cell system and control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113775535A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Air compressor system with cooling function, fuel cell system and control method |
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