CN112186059B - Photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112186059B CN112186059B CN202010906907.XA CN202010906907A CN112186059B CN 112186059 B CN112186059 B CN 112186059B CN 202010906907 A CN202010906907 A CN 202010906907A CN 112186059 B CN112186059 B CN 112186059B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical group [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000854291 Dianthus carthusianorum Species 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
- H01L31/0512—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module made of a particular material or composition of materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a preparation method and application thereof, relating to the field of solar cell manufacturing and used for reducing the area of the photovoltaic module without power generation, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises: a flexible conductive material and a battery string; the battery string includes: a battery piece; the flexible conductive material is connected with a battery piece corresponding to the positive electrode of one battery string and a battery piece corresponding to the negative electrode of the other battery string to obtain a series circuit of the battery strings; the flexible conductive material is arranged on the back of the battery piece connected with the flexible conductive material. The technical scheme provided by the invention can reduce the area without power generation caused by the shielding of the bus bar, improve the attractiveness of the assembly, save the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic assembly and have stronger applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar cell manufacturing, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, in the design of a conventional photovoltaic module, P-type cells or N-type cells are connected in series through interconnectors to form a cell string, then the series connection or the parallel connection between the cell strings is realized through bus bars, and finally current is output. However, the use of bus bars increases the area of the photovoltaic module that does not generate electricity.
In order to reduce the area of the area, two main proposals are generally adopted, namely, from the material, the bus bar with the original width of 6mm is reduced to the bus bar with the width of 4 mm; and secondly, from the design of the model, the distance between the bus bar and the battery piece is reduced from 3mm to 2 mm. However, the above method has problems that the operation is complicated, and the reduction of the target area is not significant enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a photovoltaic module, a method of manufacturing the same, and applications thereof to effectively reduce a region where no power generation is generated due to shading of bus bars.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including: a flexible conductive material and a battery string;
the battery string includes: a battery piece;
the flexible conductive material is connected with a battery piece corresponding to the positive electrode of one battery string and a battery piece corresponding to the negative electrode of the other battery string to obtain a series circuit of the battery strings;
the flexible conductive material is arranged on the back of the battery piece connected with the flexible conductive material.
Further, the battery string comprises a plurality of first battery pieces and a second battery piece, and the first battery pieces and the second battery pieces are different in type;
After the plurality of first battery pieces are connected in series, the plurality of first battery pieces are connected in series with the second battery piece.
Further, the types of the battery piece include: p-type and N-type.
Further, the flexible conductive material includes one or both of a flexible bus bar and a conductive tape.
Furthermore, two ends of the flexible bus bar are respectively welded on the corresponding battery sheets.
Further, the flexible bus bars are bonded to the respective battery sheets by conductive adhesive.
Further, the conductive adhesive tapes are adhered to the corresponding battery pieces.
And further, adding conductive adhesive at the connection position of the conductive adhesive tape and the grid line of the battery panel.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including the following steps:
step 1, connecting a plurality of first battery pieces in series and then connecting the first battery pieces in series with second battery pieces to obtain a battery string, wherein the first battery pieces and the second battery pieces are different in type;
and 2, connecting one end of the flexible conductive material with the back electrode of the first cell corresponding to the positive electrode of one cell string, and connecting the other end of the flexible conductive material with the back electrode of the second cell corresponding to the negative electrode of the other cell string.
Further, step 1 comprises:
Step 11, sequentially designing and arranging a plurality of first battery pieces and second battery pieces according to the type, connecting the first battery pieces and the second battery pieces through interconnectors, and welding to form a battery string;
step 13: and discharging the plurality of battery strings according to the lamination type.
Further, after the plurality of battery strings are arranged according to the lamination type, the method further comprises the following steps:
step 14: uniformly coating the organic silicon conductive adhesive containing the pure silver conductive particles on the outermost back electrodes of the battery pieces at two ends of the battery string;
step 15: placing a flexible bus bar to connect two adjacent strings of batteries in series;
step 16: and heating to solidify the conductive adhesive.
Further, in step 16, the conductive adhesive is cured by heating with a heating plate at 150-160 ℃ for 10-15 min.
Further, after the plurality of battery strings are arranged according to the lamination type, the method further comprises the following steps:
and welding the flexible bus bar and the flattened interconnector.
And further, welding the flexible bus bar and the flattened interconnecting bar by using an electric soldering iron.
Furthermore, when the electric soldering iron is used for welding, a gasket is placed below the electric soldering iron to prevent the battery piece from being hidden and cracked.
Further, after the plurality of battery strings are arranged according to the lamination type, the method further comprises the following steps:
Step 14: uniformly coating the organic silicon conductive adhesive containing the pure silver conductive particles on the outermost back electrodes of the battery pieces at two ends of the battery string;
step 15: placing a conductive adhesive tape to connect two adjacent strings of batteries in series;
step 16: and heating to solidify the conductive adhesive.
Further, after the plurality of battery strings are arranged according to the laminated type, the conductive adhesive tape is welded with the flattened interconnector.
And further, welding the conductive adhesive tape and the flattened interconnecting strips by adopting an electric soldering iron.
Furthermore, when the electric soldering iron is used for welding, a gasket is placed below the electric soldering iron to prevent the battery piece from being hidden and cracked.
Further, after the plurality of battery strings are arranged in the lamination type, the conductive adhesive tape is adhered to the side back electrode and the portion of the interconnector in contact with the conductive adhesive tape.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application of the method in the second aspect, including:
for preparing full sheet assemblies, half sheet assemblies or stitch welded assemblies.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the two series-connected battery strings are connected by using a flexible conductive material to reduce the stress of the battery piece, so that the possibility of the battery piece cracking is reduced.
2. The characteristic that the electrode positions of the P-type battery pieces are opposite to that of the N-type battery pieces is utilized to construct a battery string consisting of a plurality of P-type battery pieces and 1N-type battery piece or a plurality of N-type battery pieces and 1P-type battery piece, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery string are arranged on the back surface of the battery string. So, the busbar can set up the back at the panel to effectively reduced the not area of electricity generation that is produced by sheltering from of busbar. In addition, the bus bar is not visible from the front, so that the assembly is more attractive.
3. The preparation method of the photovoltaic module is suitable for modules such as a full-sheet module, a half-sheet module and a stitch welding module, and has strong applicability.
4. Because the bus bar is directly connected to the back electrode, the bus bar does not need to extend out end to end in the process of manufacturing the cell string, and the bus bar can be saved, so that the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module is saved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a prior art full sheet assembly;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of a prior art half-wafer assembly;
FIG. 2 is a cell string of a conventional P-type photovoltaic module;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-sheet module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a half-wafer assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6a is a schematic structural diagram of a passivated emitter rear contact cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6b is a schematic structural diagram of a passivated emitter rear contact cell according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
11-cell, 12-interconnect, 13-bus, 14-region with virtually no power generation benefit, 21-P-cell, 22-N-cell, 23-back electrode, 71-P-crystalline silicon substrate, 72-front passivation, 73-emitter, 74-back passivation, 741-oxide, 742-cap, 75-back electrode, 751-silver grid, 752-aluminum, Y-local aluminum back field.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1a and 1b, 11 is a cell, 12 is an interconnection bar, 13 is a bus bar, and 14 is a region having substantially no power generation efficiency, wherein fig. 1a is a full-sheet assembly, and fig. 1b is a half-sheet assembly. No matter be P type subassembly or N type subassembly, no matter be vertical row design or horizontal row design, battery cluster head and the tail both ends all have the busbar to stretch out about 9mm, in addition, to the subassembly of vertical row design middle lead-out wire, the distance of additionally about 8 ~ 12mm that increases again is connected the battery cluster with the busbar, and this region does not actually have the benefit of generating electricity, should reduce this regional area as far as possible from reduce cost or improvement subassembly photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Based on the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including: flexible conductive material and battery string. And connecting the battery piece corresponding to the positive electrode of one battery string and the battery piece corresponding to the negative electrode of the other battery string by using the flexible conductive material to obtain a series circuit of the battery strings. Wherein the flexible conductive material comprises: flexible bus bars and/or conductive tape. The conductive adhesive tape is a metal foil or conductive cloth with a high-conductivity back adhesive, the conductive back adhesive and a conductive base material of the conductive adhesive tape form a complete conductor, can be bonded with any metal surface to complete electric lap joint and electric sealing of gaps, and is particularly suitable for providing electric contact for surfaces which cannot be welded. The conventional bus bars are connected to the battery plates by welding, and welding is not required by using the conductive adhesive tape, so that the process is simplified.
It should be noted that, in order to reduce the risk of subfissure during the operation and lamination process, the embodiment of the present invention selects a thinner and wider flexible bus bar and a conductive tape with a softer material. For the flexible bus bar, the cross section of the current conventional bus bar is 6mm multiplied by 0.35mm, and the thickness of the flexible bus bar is as less than 0.2mm as possible under the condition that the difference of the cross section areas is almost the same. As the bus bar becomes thinner and wider, the bus bar is more easily deformed, and thus stress can be effectively relieved. Preferably, the thickness of the bus bar is generally controlled to be 0.1-0.2mm, and correspondingly, the width of the bus bar is in the range of 10-20 mm.
The battery string includes: the battery pack comprises a plurality of first battery pieces and a second battery piece, wherein the first battery pieces and the second battery pieces are different in type, and the plurality of first battery pieces are connected in series and then connected in series with the second battery piece. Specifically, the types of the battery pieces include: p-type and N-type, the cell string may be composed of N P-type cells and 1N-type cell, wherein the N P-type cells are connected in series and then connected in series with the 1N-type cell. The battery string can also be composed of N N-type battery pieces and 1P-type battery piece, wherein the N N-type battery pieces are connected in series and then connected in series with the 1P-type battery piece.
As shown in fig. 2, if all the cells are P-type cells 21, since the positive and negative electrodes of the cell string are respectively the positive and negative electrodes of the cells at the two ends of the cell string, the positive and negative electrodes are one on the front surface of the cell and one on the back surface of the cell in this case. Similarly, if all the battery pieces are N-type battery pieces, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged on the front side of the battery pieces and the back side of the battery pieces.
As shown in fig. 3, the two ends of the battery string are respectively an N-type cell 22 and a P-type cell 21. The back of the P-type cell piece 21 is a positive electrode, and the back of the N-type cell piece 22 is a negative electrode, so that the positive and negative electrodes of the battery string are led out from the back of the cell piece. After the cell strings in fig. 3 are grouped into a string, the bus bars are directly disposed on the back surfaces of the cell sheets, as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The bus bars of the manufactured assembly are completely hidden to the back of the battery piece, and the bus bars cannot be observed from the front, so that the attractiveness of the assembly is greatly improved.
In a possible implementation, the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of cell strings, and the cell types at the end parts of two adjacent cell strings are opposite. For example, as shown in fig. 4, if the left end of the first string of cells is an N-type solar cell and the right end is a P-type solar cell, the left end of the second string of cells is a P-type solar cell, the right end is an N-type solar cell, the left end of the third string of cells is an N-type solar cell, the right end is a P-type solar cell, and so on.
More importantly, since the bus bars are directly connected to the back electrode 23, the interconnector does not need to be additionally extended end to end in the fabrication of the cell string, which is typically 9mm, and this portion of the interconnector can be saved. The interconnection bar can be saved by about 2m for 9BB assembly. In addition, under the same module design version and the same creepage distance, the size of the module can be reduced, the vertical component can be reduced by 12-30mm in the length direction, the horizontal component can be reduced by 12-18mm in the width direction, the sizes of the glass, the glue film and the back plate can be correspondingly reduced, the cost of the module is effectively reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module can be improved due to the reduction of the size of the module under the same version.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the size of the back electrode 23 of the battery piece is small, it is not easy to weld the bus bar or attach the conductive tape on the back electrode 23. At the moment, two ends of the flexible bus bar can be welded on the battery piece, two ends of the conductive adhesive tape are directly adhered on the battery piece, and the insulating strips are arranged between the flexible bus bar and the battery piece and between the conductive adhesive tape and the battery piece. In order to simplify the welding process for replacing the flexible bus bar, the conductive adhesive tape or the two ends of the flexible bus bar are adhered to the back electrodes of the battery pieces by using conductive adhesive. In order to increase the conductivity of the conductive adhesive tape, the conductive adhesive is added at the superposition position of the conductive adhesive tape and the grid line of the battery piece. The conductive adhesive matrix is organic silicon, acrylic acid, epoxy resin or other organic matters, and the conductive particles are pure silver, silver-coated copper or other conductive materials.
It should be noted that the interconnector is usually disposed on the grid of the cell, so in the actual process, the conductive adhesive is applied to the part of the interconnector bonded to the conductive adhesive tape.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting a plurality of first battery pieces in series and then connecting the first battery pieces in series with second battery pieces to obtain a battery string, wherein the first battery pieces and the second battery pieces are different in type.
And 2, connecting one end of the flexible conductive material with the back electrode of the first cell corresponding to the positive electrode of one cell string, and connecting the other end of the flexible conductive material with the back electrode of the second cell corresponding to the negative electrode of the other cell string.
The method is suitable for preparing full-sheet assemblies, half-sheet assemblies or stitch-welded assemblies. Wherein fig. 4 is a full sheet module and fig. 5 is a half sheet module. The structure of the stitch-welded assembly is similar to that of fig. 4 or 5, except that there are no gaps between the battery sheets.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the half wafer assembly and the full wafer assembly are mainly distinguished by adding a set of bus bars in the middle of the half wafer assembly. Because the middle group of bus bars are connected with the interconnectors of the two battery string groups, the middle bus bar mode is more suitable for combining the conductive adhesive tape and the conductive adhesive, so that the hidden crack risk is reduced. When the two ends are subjected to bus, the flexible bus bar can be used, and the conductive adhesive tape can be used. Stitch bonded assemblies (also typically half-pieces) inherently have a high risk of potential cracking and are therefore only suitable for use with conductive tape and conductive adhesive combinations. When the conductive tape is used, the lead-out end of the conductive tape and the junction box may be connected by a conventional bus bar.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
Step 11: according to the type, a plurality of first battery pieces and second battery pieces are sequentially designed and arranged, connected through interconnectors, and welded to form a battery string.
Step 12: flattening the tail parts of the interconnectors of the two back electrodes of the batteries at the head and the tail of the battery string.
Step 13: and discharging the plurality of battery strings according to the lamination type.
Step 14: and uniformly coating the organic silicon conductive adhesive containing the pure silver conductive particles on the outermost back electrodes of the battery pieces at two ends of the battery string.
Step 15: placing a flexible bus bar to connect two adjacent strings of batteries in series; specifically, the flexible bus bar and the flattened interconnector are welded, such as electric soldering iron welding, and preferably, a gasket is placed below the flexible bus bar and the flattened interconnector when the electric soldering iron is welded to prevent the battery piece from being hidden and cracked.
Or placing a conductive adhesive tape to connect two adjacent strings of batteries in series; specifically, the conductive adhesive tape and the flattened interconnector are welded, such as electric soldering iron welding, preferably, a gasket is placed below the electric soldering iron welding to prevent the battery piece from being hidden and cracked; the conductive tape can also be directly adhered to the side back electrode and the contact part of the interconnecting strip and the conductive tape.
Step 16: heating to solidify the conductive adhesive; specifically, the conductive adhesive is cured by heating for 10-15min with a heating plate at the temperature of 150-160 ℃.
The embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. In order to illustrate the realization of the photovoltaic device structure and the method for manufacturing the same according to the embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic device structure and the method for manufacturing the same are described in examples 1 to 7. The embodiment 1 is a structure of a full sheet assembly which uses a flexible bus bar and adopts a welding mode to arrange a bus bar, and an implementation mode of the structure; embodiment 2 is a structure and implementation of a full sheet assembly in which bus bars are arranged by using flexible bus bars and bonding the bus bars by using conductive adhesive; embodiment 3 is a structure of a full sheet assembly using a conductive tape and arranging the conductive tape in a bonding manner and a realization manner thereof; embodiment 4 is a structure of a full sheet assembly using a conductive adhesive tape and using a conductive adhesive for bonding, and a realization method thereof; embodiment 5 is a structure of a half-chip assembly and a realization method thereof provided by the embodiment of the present invention; embodiment 6 is a structure of a stitch-bonding assembly and an implementation manner thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention. Example 7 is a method of making a stitch bonded assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
For convenience of illustration, the P-type Cell and the N-type Cell in examples 1 to 6 are illustrated by using a 60-version type single glass assembly made of 9BB double-sided PERC (Passivated Emitter and reactor Cell).
As shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the P-type PERC structure mainly includes: the P-type crystalline silicon substrate 71, a back passivation layer 74 disposed on the back surface of the P-type crystalline silicon substrate 71, a back electrode 75 disposed on the back passivation layer 74, an emitter layer 73 disposed on the front surface of the P-type crystalline silicon substrate 71, a front passivation layer 72 disposed on the emitter layer 73, and a front electrode 76 disposed on the front passivation layer 72. Wherein the front electrode 76 is in contact with the emitter layer 73 through the front passivation layer 72. The back passivation layer 74 includes an oxide layer 741 disposed on the crystalline silicon substrate 71 and a cap layer 742 disposed on the oxide layer 741. The back passivation layer 74 has a plurality of through holes formed therein. The back electrode 75 includes an aluminum layer 752 and a silver grid 751 (which may also be a silver aluminum grid). The aluminum paste for forming the aluminum layer 752 is subjected to diffusion reaction with the surface of the P-type crystalline silicon substrate 71 exposed at the through hole of the back passivation layer 74 in the high-temperature sintering process to form a local aluminum back field Y, and the paste which is not subjected to the diffusion reaction plays a role in conduction. The silver grid lines 751 are mainly used for conducting bus and series welding of batteries.
It should be noted that the P-type 9BB double-sided PERC cell and the N-type 9BB double-sided PERC cell have the same structure, and only the material of the crystalline silicon substrate 71 and the positions of the positive and negative electrodes are different. Specifically, in the P-type 9BB double-sided PERC cell, the crystalline silicon substrate 71 is a P-type semiconductor material, the front electrode 76 is a positive electrode, and the back electrode 75 is a negative electrode. In an N-type 9BB double-sided PERC cell, the crystalline silicon substrate 71 is an N-type semiconductor material, the front electrode 76 is a negative electrode, and the back electrode 75 is a positive electrode.
Example 1:
a60-version single glass assembly is manufactured by adopting 158.75mm multiplied by 158.75mm 9BB double-sided PERC, the interconnector is a tin-coated interconnector with the diameter of 0.3mm, and the section of the flexible busbar is 14mm multiplied by 0.15 mm. The battery strings are welded according to the connection sequence of the battery pieces in the graph 4, the tail parts of the interconnectors of the two battery back electrodes at the head and the tail of the battery strings are flattened, the length and the thickness of the interconnectors are proper, the length of the interconnectors is preferably 15-20 mm, the thickness of the interconnectors is 0.1-0.2 mm after the interconnectors are flattened, the battery strings are arranged according to a laminated plate type, then the interconnectors and the flattened interconnectors are welded by using an electric iron, two adjacent battery strings are connected, and gaskets are needed to be arranged below the battery strings to prevent the battery pieces from being subflush during welding. Then the materials needed by the components are placed in sequence for lamination. The bus bar was not visible from the front side of the laminated assembly, and no crazing was observed upon photographing EL. The area of the assembly is reduced by 0.02m compared to the design in fig. 1a 2 Therefore, the photoelectric conversion capacity of the photovoltaic module per unit area is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved to 19.2% from 19%.
Example 2:
a60-version single glass assembly is manufactured by adopting 158.75mm multiplied by 158.75mm 9BB double-sided PERC, the interconnector is a tin-coated interconnector with the diameter of 0.3mm, and the section of the flexible busbar is 14mm multiplied by 0.15 mm. Welding the battery strings according to the connection sequence of the battery plates in the figure 4, uniformly coating the organic silicon conductive adhesive containing the pure silver conductive particles on the outermost back electrodes of the battery plates at two ends of the battery strings, placing the bus bars to connect the two adjacent battery strings in series, and heating the battery strings by using a heating flat plate at the temperature of 160 ℃ for 10min to solidify the conductive adhesive. After lamination The bus bar was not visible from the front of the assembly, and no hidden crack was found in the shot EL. The area of the assembly is reduced by 0.02m compared to the design in fig. 1a 2 Therefore, the photoelectric conversion capacity of the photovoltaic module per unit area is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved to 19.2% from 19%.
Example 3:
a60-version single glass assembly is manufactured by adopting a 158.75mm multiplied by 158.75mm 9BB double-sided PERC, the interconnector is a tin-coated interconnector with the diameter of 0.3mm, and the width of the conductive adhesive tape is 14 mm. The battery strings are welded according to the connection sequence of the battery pieces in the graph 4, the tail parts of the interconnectors of the two battery back electrodes at the head and the tail of the battery strings are flattened, the length and the thickness of the interconnectors are proper, the length and the thickness of the interconnectors do not influence the welding quality and cause hidden cracking of the battery pieces, the length of the interconnectors are preferably 15-20 mm, the thickness of the interconnectors is 0.1-0.2 mm after the interconnectors are flattened, the battery strings are arranged according to the laminated plate type, then the conductive adhesive tape and the flattened interconnectors are bonded by using an electric iron, and two adjacent battery strings are connected. Then the materials needed by the components are placed in sequence for lamination. The conductive tape was not visible from the front side of the laminated assembly, and no crazing was observed when the EL was photographed. The area of the assembly is reduced by 0.03m compared to the design in fig. 1a 2 Therefore, the photoelectric conversion capacity of the photovoltaic module per unit area is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved to 19.3% from 19%.
Example 4:
a60-version single-glass assembly is manufactured by adopting a 158.75mm multiplied by 158.75mm 9BB double-sided PERC battery, the interconnector is a tin-coated interconnector with the diameter of 0.3mm, and the width of the conductive adhesive tape is 14 mm. Welding the battery strings according to the connection sequence of the battery pieces in the figure 4, uniformly coating organic silicon conductive adhesive containing pure silver conductive particles on the outermost back electrodes of the battery pieces at two ends of the battery strings and the contact parts of the interconnectors and the conductive adhesive tapes, then adhering the conductive adhesive tapes on the side back electrodes and the contact parts of the interconnectors and the conductive adhesive tapes to realize the series connection of two adjacent battery strings, and heating the battery strings by using a heating flat plate with the temperature of 160 ℃ for 10min to solidify the conductive adhesive. The conductive tape was not visible from the front side of the laminated assembly, and no crazing was observed when the EL was photographed. The area of the assembly is reduced compared to the design in fig. 1aIs smaller by 0.03m 2 Therefore, the photoelectric conversion capacity of the photovoltaic module per unit area is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved to 19.3% from 19%.
Example 5:
A60-version single-glass half-chip assembly is manufactured by adopting a 158.75mm multiplied by 158.75mm 9BB double-sided PERC battery, the interconnector is a tin-coated interconnector with the diameter of 0.3mm, the section of the flexible busbar is 14mm multiplied by 0.15mm, and the width of the conductive adhesive tape is 14 mm. Firstly, cutting the battery pieces into halves by using laser, and then stringing 12 battery strings of which the half pieces are a string on a stringer according to the connection sequence of the battery pieces in the figure 5; then, arranging the battery strings according to the laminated plate type, and then welding the bus bars at two ends with the flattened interconnectors by using an electric iron; the organic silicon conductive adhesive containing pure silver conductive particles is uniformly coated on the back electrode of the middle cell piece of the assembly, then the conductive adhesive tape is adhered on the back electrode and the contact part of the interconnection bar and the conductive adhesive tape, and then the conductive adhesive is cured by heating for 10min by using a heating flat plate with the temperature of 160 ℃, as shown in figure 5. The conductive tape was not visible from the front side of the laminated assembly, and no crazing was observed when the EL was photographed. The area of the assembly is reduced by 0.03m compared to the design of FIG. 1b 2 And the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the component is improved to 20.2% from the original 19.9%.
Example 6:
a60-version single-glass stitch welding assembly is manufactured by adopting a 158.75mm multiplied by 158.75mm 9BB double-sided PERC battery, the interconnector is a tin-coated interconnector with the diameter of 0.3mm, and the width of the conductive adhesive tape is 14 mm. Firstly, cutting the battery piece into halves by using laser, then welding the battery strings according to the connection sequence of the battery pieces in the figure 5, stringing 12 battery strings with half pieces as a string on a half piece feeding machine, wherein the interval between the pieces is-0.5 mm, and in order to prevent hidden cracking, the interconnection strips between the pieces need to be flattened; then arranging the battery strings according to a laminated plate type, uniformly coating organic silicon conductive adhesive containing pure silver conductive particles on outermost back electrodes of battery pieces at the middle of the assembly and the two ends of the battery strings and the contact parts of the interconnecting strips and the conductive adhesive tapes, and then adhering the conductive adhesive tapes on the back electrodes and the interconnecting strips to each other The contact part of the interconnecting strip and the conductive adhesive tape is heated by a heating flat plate with the temperature of 160 ℃ for 10min to solidify the conductive adhesive, as shown in fig. 5. The conductive tape was not visible from the front side of the laminated assembly, and no crazing was observed when the EL was photographed. The area of the assembly is reduced by 0.03m compared to the design of FIG. 1b 2 And the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the component is improved to 20.8% from the original 20.5%.
Example 7
A photovoltaic module preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a plurality of N-type battery pieces and a plurality of P-type battery pieces;
step 2: designing the battery strings according to the type by using an interconnector, and stringing each battery string on a stringer by feeding battery pieces, wherein the piece spacing is-0.5 mm; each battery string comprises a plurality of N-type battery pieces and a P-type battery piece, and the P-type battery piece is located at one end of the battery string.
And step 3: flattening the tail parts of the interconnectors of the two back electrodes of the batteries at the head and the tail of the battery string.
And 4, step 4: and discharging the plurality of battery strings according to the lamination type.
And 5: and uniformly coating the organic silicon conductive adhesive containing the pure silver conductive particles on the outermost back electrodes of the battery pieces at two ends of the battery string and the contact part of the interconnector and the conductive adhesive tape.
Step 6: and adhering the conductive adhesive tape on the side back electrode and the contact part of the interconnector and the conductive adhesive tape so that two adjacent strings of battery strings are connected in series.
And 7: heating the conductive adhesive for 10-15min by adopting a heating flat plate with the temperature of 150-160 ℃ to solidify the conductive adhesive.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A photovoltaic module, comprising: a flexible conductive material and a battery string;
the battery string consists of a plurality of P-type battery pieces and 1N-type battery piece, or a plurality of N-type battery pieces and 1P-type battery piece;
the plurality of P-type battery pieces are connected in series and then connected in series with the 1N-type battery piece, or the plurality of N-type battery pieces are connected in series and then connected in series with the 1P-type battery piece; the anodes of the plurality of P-type battery pieces or the plurality of N-type battery pieces are positioned on the same side, and the cathodes of the plurality of P-type battery pieces or the plurality of N-type battery pieces are positioned on the other side;
the flexible conductive material is connected with a battery piece corresponding to the positive electrode of one battery string and a battery piece corresponding to the negative electrode of the other battery string to obtain a series circuit of the battery strings;
The flexible conductive material is arranged on the back of the battery piece connected with the flexible conductive material;
the flexible conductive material comprises one or two of a flexible bus bar and a conductive adhesive tape;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery string are arranged on the back surface of the battery string; the bus bar is directly connected to the back electrode.
2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1,
and two ends of the flexible bus bar are respectively welded on the corresponding battery pieces.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1,
the flexible bus bars are bonded to the corresponding battery plates by conductive adhesive.
4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1,
the conductive adhesive tapes are adhered to the corresponding battery pieces.
5. The photovoltaic module of claim 4,
and adding a conductive adhesive at the connection part of the conductive adhesive tape and the grid line of the battery panel.
6. A method for producing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that it is used for producing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step 1, connecting a plurality of first battery pieces in series and then connecting the first battery pieces in series with second battery pieces to obtain a battery string, wherein the first battery pieces and the second battery pieces are different in type;
And 2, connecting one end of the flexible conductive material with the back electrode of the first cell corresponding to the positive electrode of one cell string, and connecting the other end of the flexible conductive material with the back electrode of the second cell corresponding to the negative electrode of the other cell string.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the photovoltaic module is a full-sheet module or a half-sheet module.
8. The use of the preparation process according to claim 6,
for preparing full sheet assemblies, half sheet assemblies or stitch welded assemblies.
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