CN112185597B - In-reactor flow distribution device and distribution assembly of nuclear power station reactor - Google Patents
In-reactor flow distribution device and distribution assembly of nuclear power station reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112185597B CN112185597B CN202011058346.9A CN202011058346A CN112185597B CN 112185597 B CN112185597 B CN 112185597B CN 202011058346 A CN202011058346 A CN 202011058346A CN 112185597 B CN112185597 B CN 112185597B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/02—Details of handling arrangements
- G21C19/04—Means for controlling flow of coolant over objects being handled; Means for controlling flow of coolant through channel being serviced, e.g. for preventing "blow-out"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/12—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from pressure vessel; from containment vessel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-reactor flow distribution device and a distribution assembly of a nuclear power station reactor, wherein the distribution assembly comprises a flow distribution barrel and a flow distribution plate; the two ends of the flow distribution cylinder are both of an open structure, a plurality of first flow water holes are formed in the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder and are used for communicating the inner cavity and the external space of the flow distribution cylinder, the section of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder in the axial direction is of an arc structure, and the radial sizes of the two ends of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder are larger than the radial size of the middle part of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder; the flow distribution plate is arranged at the bottom of the flow distribution cylinder, a plurality of second water flow holes are formed in the flow distribution plate, and the aperture of the second water flow holes in the flow distribution plate tends to gradually increase from the center to the edge of the flow distribution plate. The invention solves the problem of uneven flow distribution caused by the existing flow distribution structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to an in-reactor flow distribution device and a distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor.
Background
A pressurized water reactor of a nuclear power station consists of components such as a reactor pressure vessel, reactor internals, a reactor core assembly and the like. The internals, pressure vessel internal walls and fuel assembly structures form channels for coolant flow. The coolant respectively flows from the inlet of the reactor pressure vessel through the cold pipe section and the hot pipe section, the flow direction is changed by impacting the outer wall of the hanging basket, most of the coolant flows downwards under the action of gravity, and the coolant is mixed with other coolant due to the existence of the water inlet pipe sections with two temperatures, so that the flow of the coolant is not symmetrical, the flow condition is complex, and finally the flow distribution at the inlet of the reactor core is uneven. In order to fully cool the fuel assemblies, meet the requirements of the reactor on thermal hydraulic power and improve the overall performance of the reactor, the uniformity of the coolant needs to be ensured before the coolant enters the reactor core, because the uniformity is related to whether the heat generated by the fuel assemblies of the reactor core can be timely and smoothly led out. Once the flow at the inlet of the reactor core is unevenly distributed, the thermal hydraulic behavior in the reactor core can be influenced, further, the uneven distribution of the flow of the operation limit value of the nuclear power station is influenced, the reactor core is insufficiently cooled, and the great local temperature change of the reactor core can bring hidden troubles to the safe operation of the reactor.
The existing flow distribution structure generally has the matching effect of installing various parts through a support plate under a reactor core, but has the defects of complicated structure, large number of parts, complex assembly, difficult problem inspection, difficult replacement, uneven flow distribution, overlarge pressure drop, incomplete vortex elimination and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an in-reactor flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power station reactor, which solves the problem of uneven flow distribution caused by the existing flow distribution structure.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an in-reactor flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power station reactor comprises a flow distribution barrel and a flow distribution plate;
the two ends of the flow distribution cylinder are both of an open structure, a plurality of first water flow holes are formed in the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder and are used for communicating the inner cavity and the external space of the flow distribution cylinder, the section of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder in the axial direction is of an arc structure, and the radial sizes of the two ends of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder are larger than the radial size of the middle part of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder;
the flow distribution plate is arranged at the bottom of the flow distribution cylinder, a plurality of second water flow holes are formed in the flow distribution plate, and the aperture of the second water flow holes in the flow distribution plate tends to gradually increase from the center to the edge of the flow distribution plate.
1) The core inlet flow distribution exhibits a tendency of high center and low edge according to the structural characteristics of the reactor and the characteristics of the in-core coolant flow because the coolant has a tendency to descend along the inner wall surface of the lower cavity of the bottom of the reactor pressure vessel and flow toward the center of the lower cavity due to the inertia of the coolant, and this tendency of the coolant flow causes the coolant flow to be distributed more in the middle of the core inlet than in the peripheral portion of the core inlet.
2) In addition, when the coolant enters the lower chamber from the annular descending cavity, the size of the flow passage is changed sharply, so that a large number of vortexes are generated in the lower chamber, and the generated vortexes increase energy consumption on one hand, and further uneven flow distribution is caused.
The existing flow distribution structure generally solves the problem of uneven flow distribution through the cooperation of various parts mounted on a support plate under a reactor core, but also has the problems of uneven flow distribution, overlarge pressure drop, incomplete vortex elimination and the like, and meanwhile, the structure is complex, the number of parts is large, the assembly is complex, and the problem is difficult to overhaul, replace and the like.
The cross section of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder in the axial direction is of an arc structure, so that the flowing direction of the coolant is changed after the coolant reaches the cross section, and the coolant is divided into two parts; a part of the coolant enters the bottom of the lower chamber after passing through the arc-shaped part of the flow distribution cylinder; the coolant entering the bottom of the lower chamber can inhibit the generation of vortex under the action of the flow distribution plate, so that the flow distribution is more uniform; the other part flows along the outer cylinder wall of the guide conical surface of the flow distribution cylinder; the flow distribution cylinder is provided with a plurality of first flow holes vertical to the cylinder wall, and when the coolant flows on the outer cylinder wall, the first flow holes penetrate through the flow distribution cylinder under the action of pressure and collide with each other, so that the stirring effect is achieved; moreover, the radial dimension at the inner chamber both ends of flow distribution section of thick bamboo is greater than the radial dimension at middle part, and the upper end and the outside regional level that extends of lower extreme of flow distribution section of thick bamboo promptly, and at this moment, the direction of the first flow hole of upper end department and the through-hole direction on the support plate under the reactor core tend to unanimity, better play the effect of flow equalizing, finally realized the evenly distributed of reactor core entry flow, evenly distributed back coolant gets into in the reactor core.
Further, the inner diameter of the flow distribution cylinder tends to increase gradually from the middle to both ends.
Further, the inner diameter of the upper end of the flow distribution cylinder is larger than that of the lower end of the flow distribution cylinder, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the flow distribution cylinder is the same as that of the flow distribution plate.
Further, the central axis of the first water flow hole is perpendicular to the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder.
Further, the first water flow holes on the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder have the same hole diameter.
Further, the normal distance between the flow distribution plate and the bottom of the lower cavity in the pressure container is 1-3 times of the thickness of the flow distribution plate.
The inner diameter of the flow distribution cylinder is gradually increased from the middle to the two ends, so that the trend that the flow distribution of the reactor core inlet is high at the center and low at the edges can be effectively inhibited. The central axis of the first flow hole is perpendicular to the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder, and the apertures of the first flow holes on the annular side wall with the same height are the same, so that the flow of the cooling liquid passing through the first flow holes under the action of pressure can be effectively increased, the mutual collision efficiency is enhanced, and the flow equalizing effect is achieved.
Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the flow distribution cylinder are respectively provided with a first flange plate and a second flange plate, and the first flange plate and the second flange plate are respectively matched with the reactor core lower support plate and the flow distribution plate.
The above arrangement facilitates installation of the dispensing assembly.
Further, the wall thickness is equal throughout the annular sidewall of the flow distribution barrel.
Furthermore, a plurality of first water flowing holes are uniformly distributed on the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder, and a plurality of second water flowing holes are uniformly distributed on the flow distribution plate.
The in-reactor flow distribution device of the nuclear power station reactor comprises a pressure vessel, a hanging basket and a reactor core lower supporting plate, wherein the hanging basket and the reactor core lower supporting plate are arranged in the pressure vessel, an annular descending cavity is formed between the hanging basket and the pressure vessel, a lower cavity is formed below the reactor core lower supporting plate in the pressure vessel, the in-reactor flow distribution device also comprises the distribution component, and the upper end of a flow distribution cylinder is connected with the lower end of the reactor core lower supporting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes the shunting and vortex elimination of the coolant in the lower chamber by the combined action of the flow distribution cylinder and the flow distribution plate, and has the characteristics of uniform flow distribution and good vortex suppression effect.
2. The invention has compact structure and is convenient to replace and maintain.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dispensing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flow distribution cartridge;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow distribution plate.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-a pressure vessel, 2-a hanging basket, 3-a reactor core lower support plate, 4-a flow distribution cylinder, 5-a flow distribution plate, 6-a first water flowing hole, 7-a descending cavity, 8-a first flange plate, 9-a second flange plate and 10-a second water flowing hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor includes a flow distribution barrel 4 and a flow distribution plate 5;
both ends of the flow distribution cylinder 4 are of an open structure, a plurality of first flow holes 6 are arranged on the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4, the first flow holes 6 are used for communicating the inner cavity and the external space of the flow distribution cylinder 4, and the central axis of the first water flow hole 6 is perpendicular to the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4, the section of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4 in the axial direction is an arc-shaped structure, preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the flow distribution cylinder 4 extend horizontally, at this time, the direction of the first flow water hole 6 at the upper end is consistent with the direction of the through hole on the reactor core lower support plate 3, the radial sizes of the two ends of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder 4 are larger than the radial size of the middle part, the inner diameter of the flow distribution cylinder 4 gradually increases from the middle part to the two ends, and the apertures of the first water flow holes 6 on the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4 are the same;
the flow distribution plate 5 is arranged at the bottom of the flow distribution cylinder 4, a plurality of second water flow holes 10 are arranged on the flow distribution plate 5, the aperture of the second water flow holes 10 on the flow distribution plate 5 gradually increases from the center to the edge of the flow distribution plate 5, the inner diameter of the upper end of the flow distribution cylinder 4 is larger than that of the lower end, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the flow distribution cylinder 4 is the same as that of the flow distribution plate 5;
the first flow holes 6 are uniformly arranged on the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4, and the second flow holes 10 are uniformly arranged on the flow distribution plate 5.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
install flow distribution section of thick bamboo 4 in the reactor core 3 bottoms of bearing plate under in pressure vessel 1, lay the reactor core at the reactor core 3 tops under, to letting in the coolant in the descending cavity 7 between hanging flower basket 2 and the pressure vessel 1 inner wall, the coolant is along the flow process of pressure vessel 1 inner wall, because the annular lateral wall of flow distribution section of thick bamboo 4 is arc structure in the axial cross-section, the coolant reaches here and changes its flow direction, is forced to divide into two parts: a part of the coolant enters the bottom of the lower chamber after passing through the arc-shaped part of the flow distribution cylinder 4; the aperture of the second water flowing holes 10 on the flow distribution plate 5 is gradually increased from the center to the edge, so that the trend that the flow at the bottom of the pressure vessel 1 is distributed more in the middle and less at the periphery is relieved; meanwhile, the flow distribution plate 5 blocks the complete streamline of the vortex, the generation of the vortex can be inhibited, and when the part of coolant enters and passes through the flow distribution plate 5, the primary uniform distribution of the flow is realized; at the same time, another part of the coolant flows along the guiding conical outer cylinder wall (annular side wall) of the flow distribution cylinder 4; the first flow holes 6 are formed in the flow distribution cylinder 4, and when flowing on the outer cylinder wall, the coolant passes through the first flow holes 6 under the action of pressure and enters the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder 4 to collide with each other, so that the stirring effect is achieved; moreover, the middle part of the flow distribution cylinder 4 changes towards two ends and the first flow hole 6 vertical to the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4, and the flow holes are more consistent with the direction (vertical through holes) of the through holes on the lower supporting plate 3 of the reactor core towards two ends, so that the flow equalization effect is better played, the uniform distribution of the inlet flow of the reactor core is finally realized, and the uniformly distributed coolant enters the reactor core.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1-3, in the present embodiment, based on embodiment 1, the normal distance between the flow distribution plate 5 and the bottom of the lower chamber in the pressure vessel 1 is 1-3 times the thickness of the flow distribution plate 5; the upper end and the lower end of the flow distribution cylinder 4 are respectively provided with a first flange 8 and a second flange 9, and the first flange 8 and the second flange 9 are respectively matched with the reactor core lower support plate 3 and the flow distribution plate 5; the wall thickness of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4 is equal everywhere, and the thickness of the flow distribution plate 5 is equal to the wall thickness of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder 4.
In this embodiment, in use, the first flange 8 may be screwed to the flow distribution plate 5 or welded to the flow distribution plate 5, and the second flange 9 may be screwed to the core lower support plate 3 or welded to the core lower support plate 3.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an in-core flow distribution device for a nuclear power plant reactor includes a pressure vessel 1, a nacelle 2, a core lower support plate 3, the nacelle 2 and the core lower support plate 3 being disposed in the pressure vessel 1, an annular descending cavity 7 being formed between the nacelle 2 and the pressure vessel 1, a lower cavity being formed in the pressure vessel 1 below the core lower support plate 3, and a distribution assembly as described in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein an upper end of the flow distribution lower barrel 4 is connected to a lower end of the core support plate 3.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An in-reactor flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor, which is characterized by comprising a flow distribution barrel (4) and a flow distribution plate (5);
the two ends of the flow distribution cylinder (4) are both of an open structure, a plurality of first water flow holes (6) are formed in the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder (4), the first water flow holes (6) are used for communicating the inner cavity and the outer space of the flow distribution cylinder (4), the section of the annular side wall of the flow distribution cylinder (4) in the axial direction is of an arc structure, and the radial sizes of the two ends of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder (4) are larger than that of the middle part of the inner cavity of the flow distribution cylinder;
the flow distribution plate (5) is arranged at the bottom of the flow distribution cylinder (4), a plurality of second water flow holes (10) are formed in the flow distribution plate (5), and the aperture of the second water flow holes (10) in the flow distribution plate (5) is gradually increased from the center to the edge of the flow distribution plate (5).
2. The in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow distribution barrel (4) has an inner diameter that gradually increases from the middle to both ends.
3. The in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the upper end of the flow distribution barrel (4) is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the flow distribution barrel (4) is the same as the outer diameter of the flow distribution plate (5).
4. The in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, wherein the central axis of the first flow water hole (6) is perpendicular to the annular side wall of the flow distribution barrel (4).
5. The in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first flow holes (6) in the annular side wall of the flow distribution barrel (4) have the same diameter.
6. The in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the normal distance between the flow distribution plate (5) and the bottom of the lower chamber in the pressure vessel (1) is 1 to 3 times the thickness of the flow distribution plate (5).
7. The in-reactor flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, wherein the flow distribution cylinder (4) is provided at upper and lower ends thereof with a first flange (8) and a second flange (9), respectively, and the first flange (8) and the second flange (9) are respectively engaged with the core lower support plate (3) and the flow distribution plate (5).
8. An in-core flow distribution assembly for a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular side wall of the flow distribution barrel (4) has an equal wall thickness throughout.
9. The in-core flow distribution assembly of a nuclear power plant reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first flow holes (6) are uniformly arranged on the annular side wall of the flow distribution barrel (4), and the second flow holes (10) are uniformly arranged on the flow distribution plate (5).
10. An in-reactor flow distribution device of a nuclear power station reactor, which comprises a pressure vessel (1), a basket (2) and a reactor core lower supporting plate (3), wherein the basket (2) and the reactor core lower supporting plate (3) are arranged in the pressure vessel (1), an annular descending cavity (7) is formed between the basket (2) and the pressure vessel (1), a lower cavity is formed in the pressure vessel (1) below the reactor core lower supporting plate (3), the in-reactor flow distribution device is characterized by further comprising a distribution assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the upper end of a flow distribution cylinder (4) is connected with the lower end of the reactor core lower supporting plate (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011058346.9A CN112185597B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | In-reactor flow distribution device and distribution assembly of nuclear power station reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011058346.9A CN112185597B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | In-reactor flow distribution device and distribution assembly of nuclear power station reactor |
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| CN112185597A CN112185597A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
| CN112185597B true CN112185597B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023118920A1 (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-29 | Framatome | Flow calming assembly for nuclear reactor, and associated reactor and method |
| CN115790247B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Flow equalizing component and heat exchange device |
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