CN107170490B - Reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device - Google Patents
Reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107170490B CN107170490B CN201710574704.3A CN201710574704A CN107170490B CN 107170490 B CN107170490 B CN 107170490B CN 201710574704 A CN201710574704 A CN 201710574704A CN 107170490 B CN107170490 B CN 107170490B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device, which comprises a secondary supporting and flow distributing component arranged in a lower chamber (18) of a pressure container (1), wherein the secondary supporting and flow distributing component comprises a secondary supporting column (5), an energy absorber (6), a flow distributing plate (7), a middle connecting plate (8) and a basic connecting plate (9), the flow distributing plate (7) is formed by a plurality of curved plates (10) which are arranged in a gold divergence angle mode and have equal thickness in a staggered manner, a water flowing hole (11) is formed between every two adjacent curved plates (10), a central hole (12) is formed in the center of the flow distributing plate (7), connecting columns (13) distributed around the central hole (12) are further arranged on the flow distributing plate (7), and the flow distributing plate (7) is fixedly connected below a reactor core lower supporting plate (3) through the connecting columns (13). The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: uniform flow distribution, small resistance coefficient and good stirring effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device.
Background
Currently, a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant in operation is mainly composed of a nuclear reactor, a primary loop system, a secondary loop system and other auxiliary systems. In the first loop, high-pressure cooling water is sent into the reactor by the main pump, after absorbing heat, the high-temperature water flows into the steam generator, and heat energy is transferred to the second loop water flowing outside the pipe through the steam generator. The water of the second loop absorbs the heat of the first loop and becomes steam, and then enters a steam turbine to do work so as to drive a generator to generate electricity.
The fuel assembly is placed in the pressure vessel, the fuel assembly is supported by the in-reactor components, the nuclear fuel maintains controllable chain fission reaction in the reactor to generate energy, and the energy generated by the nuclear fission is absorbed by the coolant to realize cooling of the fuel assembly. In order for the fuel assembly to be adequately cooled, the coolant must be ensured to uniformity before entering the core.
Because the lower seal head of the pressure vessel is mainly spherical, the lower cavity enclosed by the lower support plate of the reactor core is hemispherical, when the coolant flows in from the inlet nozzle of the pressure vessel and enters the lower cavity from the annular descending cavity, a large amount of vortex is generated in the lower cavity due to the rapid change of the flow channel and the large depth of the hemispherical seal head, so that the flow entering the reactor core is unevenly distributed. However, the conventional punching method makes the effective area of the through hole smaller, and the sum of the solid areas between the holes is larger, resulting in a larger resistance coefficient, which causes serious pressure loss when the cooling liquid passes through.
In addition, the secondary support assembly of the lower chamber of the existing pressurized water nuclear reactor mostly adopts a combined structure of a secondary support column and an energy absorber, the secondary support column is mainly used for playing a supporting role when a reactor core falls down accident, and plays a role in stirring cooling liquid and eliminating generated vortex, and as the secondary support column is mostly cylindrical, the stirring effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device which has the advantages of compact structure, uniform flow distribution, small resistance coefficient and good mixing effect.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow straightener, it includes pressure vessel, hanging flower basket, reactor core lower bearing plate, the lower extreme welding of hanging flower basket is in the top of reactor core lower bearing plate, is formed with annular decline chamber between hanging flower basket and the pressure vessel, it still includes secondary support and flow distribution subassembly that sets up in the lower chamber of pressure vessel, secondary support and flow distribution subassembly include secondary support post, energy absorber, flow distribution board, intermediate junction board and basic connecting plate, flow distribution board is surrounded by a plurality of curved plates of gold divergence angle mode arrangement, equal thickness each other, encloses into the flow hole between the adjacent curved plates, and the centre of flow distribution board has seted up the centre bore, still is equipped with the spliced pole that distributes around the centre bore on the flow distribution board, and the flow distribution board links firmly below the reactor core lower bearing plate through the spliced pole, leave the clearance between basic connecting plate and the lower chamber bottom, the upper portion of basic connecting plate is provided with a plurality of energy absorbers, the intermediate junction board sets up in the top of energy absorber, the top of intermediate junction board is provided with a plurality of secondary support posts, the other end of secondary support post from bottom to upper end of core distribution board and the reactor core bottom is linked firmly.
The section of the secondary supporting column is Y-shaped, cross-shaped, X-shaped or special-shaped.
The fork plate of the secondary supporting column is provided with a water through hole, and the water through hole is round, oval or polygonal.
The outer end face of the fork plate of the secondary supporting column is arc-shaped.
The upper end and the lower end of the secondary supporting column are fixedly connected with connecting discs, the end faces of the connecting discs are provided with bolt connecting holes, one connecting disc penetrates through the bolt connecting holes through bolts and is in threaded connection with the lower supporting plate of the reactor core, and the other connecting disc penetrates through the bolt connecting holes through bolts and is in threaded connection with the middle connecting plate.
The outer diameter of the flow distribution plate is 1-2 times of the radius of the lower cavity, the thickness of the flow distribution plate is 0.05-0.2 times of the radius of the lower cavity, and the distance between the flow distribution plate and the reactor core lower support plate is 0.08-0.2 times of the radius of the lower cavity.
And the flow distribution plate is also provided with support column through holes distributed around the central hole, and the secondary support columns penetrate through the support column through holes.
The invention has the following advantages: (1) The flow holes on the flow distribution plate are formed by a plurality of curved plates which are arranged in a gold divergence angle mode and have equal thickness in a staggered mode, so that partial vortex can be eliminated, the flow distribution effect is good, the stirring effect on cooling liquid is enhanced, and the phenomenon of uneven flow of an inlet of a reactor core is overcome. (2) Since the number of the water flow holes arranged in such a manner is large and the effective area of the holes is large, the permeability of the plate is high, and thus the pressure loss caused when the coolant passes through the flow distribution plate can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flow distribution plate;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a secondary support column in a Y-shape;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the intermediate connection plate;
in the figure, the pressure vessel, the 2-hanging basket, the 3-reactor core lower supporting plate, the 4-annular descending cavity, the 5-secondary supporting column, the 6-energy absorber, the 7-flow distribution plate, the 8-middle connecting plate, the 9-base connecting plate, the 10-curved plate, the 11-water flowing hole, the 12-central hole, the 13-connecting column, the 14-fork plate, the 15-connecting disc, the 16-bolt connecting hole, the 17-supporting column through hole, the 18-lower cavity and the 19-water flowing hole are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the invention not being limited to the following:
as shown in fig. 1-6, the reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device comprises a pressure vessel 1, a hanging basket 2 and a reactor core lower supporting plate 3, wherein the lower end of the hanging basket 2 is welded above the reactor core lower supporting plate 3, an annular descending cavity 4 is formed between the hanging basket 2 and the pressure vessel 1, the reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and equalizing device further comprises a secondary supporting and flow distributing assembly arranged in a lower chamber 18 of the pressure vessel 1, the secondary supporting and flow distributing assembly comprises a secondary supporting column 5, an energy absorber 6, a flow distributing plate 7, an intermediate connecting plate 8 and a basic connecting plate 9, the flow distributing plate 7 is formed by a plurality of curved plates 10 which are arranged in a gold divergence angle mode and have equal thickness in a staggered mode, a water flowing hole 11 is formed between every two adjacent curved plates 10, a central hole 12 is formed in the center of the flow distributing plate 7, and the central hole 12 avoids the condition that the flow of a central part is too small due to the fact that the central area hole is too small.
The flow distribution plate 7 is further provided with connecting columns 13 distributed around the central holes 12, the flow distribution plate 7 is fixedly connected below the reactor core lower support plate 3 through the connecting columns 13, gaps are reserved between the base connecting plates 9 and the bottoms of the lower chambers 18, a plurality of energy absorbers 6 are arranged on the upper portions of the base connecting plates 9, the middle connecting plates 8 are arranged at the tops of the energy absorbers 6, a plurality of secondary support columns 5 are arranged at the tops of the middle connecting plates 8, and the other ends of the secondary support columns 5 penetrate through the flow distribution plate 7 from bottom to top and are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the reactor core lower support plate 3.
The section of the secondary supporting column 5 is Y-shaped, cross-shaped, X-shaped or special-shaped, the fork plates 14 of the secondary supporting column 5 are provided with water through holes 19, the water through holes 19 can prevent the coolant from generating dead zones between the adjacent fork plates 14, and the water through holes 19 are round, oval or polygonal. The outer end surface of the fork plate 14 of the secondary supporting column 5 is arc-shaped. The fork plates 14 on the secondary support column 5 can stir the coolant flowing from all directions, and can eliminate part of the generated vortex to some extent.
The upper end and the lower end of the secondary support column 5 are fixedly connected with connecting discs 15, the end faces of the connecting discs 15 are provided with bolt connecting holes 16, one connecting disc 15 passes through the bolt connecting holes 16 through bolts and is in threaded connection with the reactor core lower support plate 3, and the other connecting disc 15 passes through the bolt connecting holes 16 through bolts and is in threaded connection with the middle connecting plate 8.
The outer diameter of the flow distribution plate 7 is 1-2 times of the radius of the lower chamber 18, the thickness of the flow distribution plate 7 is 0.05-0.2 times of the radius of the lower chamber 18, and the distance between the flow distribution plate 7 and the reactor core lower support plate 3 is 0.08-0.2 times of the radius of the lower chamber 18.
The flow distribution plate 7 is also provided with support column through holes 17 distributed around the central hole 12, and the secondary support columns 5 penetrate through the support column through holes 17.
The flow holes 11 on the flow distribution plate 7 are formed by surrounding a plurality of curved plates 10 which are arranged according to a gold divergence angle mode and have equal thickness, the flow holes 11 are in an irregular shape, the size of the flow holes 11 is gradually increased from a central area to an edge part, compared with the traditional perforating mode, the arrangement mode of the flow holes 11 is larger in effective area, the sum of the solid areas between the holes is smaller, thus vortex flow is effectively eliminated, uniform flow distribution is ensured, meanwhile, the resistance coefficient is reduced, and when a coolant passes through, the caused along-path pressure loss is reduced. In addition, the flow holes 11 are distributed on the flow distribution plate 7, so that the size of the flow holes 11 near the edge of the flow distribution plate 7 is larger than that of the flow holes 11 in the central area of the flow distribution plate 7, the uniform flow distribution is further ensured, and the defects that the flow rate of the central part of the core inlet is large and the flow rate of the edge part is small are effectively avoided.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the reactor core is positioned above the reactor core lower supporting plate, the cooling liquid enters the lower cavity through the annular descending cavity 4, and the cooling liquid is firstly mixed by the fork plates of the secondary supporting column 5, so that part of generated vortex is eliminated; the coolant is desuperheated through the water holes 11 on the flow distribution plate 7, and the flow is uniformly distributed, and then enters the reactor core after being secondarily split through the reactor core lower support plate 3, and performs flow heat exchange with the reactor core fuel assembly.
When a core drop accident occurs, the base web 9 first touches the bottom of the lower chamber 18 of the pressure vessel 1, the energy absorber 6 is plastically deformed, and part of the energy from the core drop is absorbed to reduce the impact on the reactor pressure vessel 1.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a reactor lower chamber coolant stirs and flow straightener, it includes pressure vessel (1), hanging flower basket (2), reactor core lower bearing plate (3), the lower extreme welding of hanging flower basket (2) is in the top of reactor core lower bearing plate (3), is formed with annular decline chamber (4) between hanging flower basket (2) and pressure vessel (1), its characterized in that: the secondary support and flow distribution assembly comprises a secondary support column (5), an energy absorber (6), a flow distribution plate (7), an intermediate connection plate (8) and a base connection plate (9), wherein the flow distribution plate (7) is formed by a plurality of curved plates (10) with equal thickness in a surrounding mode, a water flowing hole (11) is formed between every two adjacent curved plates (10) in a surrounding mode, a central hole (12) is formed in the center of the flow distribution plate (7), connecting columns (13) distributed around the central hole (12) are further arranged on the flow distribution plate (7), the flow distribution plate (7) is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the reactor core lower support plate (3) through the connecting columns (13), gaps are reserved between the base connection plate (9) and the bottom of the lower chamber (18), a plurality of energy absorbers (6) are arranged on the upper portion of the base connection plate (9), the intermediate connection plate (8) is arranged on the top of the energy absorber (6), a plurality of secondary support columns (5) are arranged on the top of the intermediate connection plate (8), and the other end of the flow distribution plate (7) penetrates through the lower portion of the reactor core lower support plate (3).
2. The under-reactor chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizer of claim 1, wherein: the section of the secondary supporting column (5) is Y-shaped, cross-shaped or X-shaped.
3. The under-reactor chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizer of claim 2, wherein: the fork plate (14) of the secondary supporting column (5) is provided with a water through hole (19), and the water through hole (19) is round, elliptic or polygonal.
4. The under-reactor chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizer of claim 2, wherein: the outer end face of the fork plate (14) of the secondary supporting column (5) is arc-shaped.
5. The under-reactor chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizer of claim 2, wherein: the upper end and the lower end of the secondary supporting column (5) are fixedly connected with connecting discs (15), the end faces of the connecting discs (15) are provided with bolt connecting holes (16), one connecting disc (15) passes through the bolt connecting holes (16) through bolts and is in threaded connection with the reactor core lower supporting plate (3), and the other connecting disc (15) passes through the bolt connecting holes (16) through bolts and is in threaded connection with the middle connecting plate (8).
6. The under-reactor chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizer of claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the flow distribution plate (7) is 1-2 times of the radius of the lower cavity (18), the thickness of the flow distribution plate (7) is 0.05-0.2 times of the radius of the lower cavity (18), and the distance between the flow distribution plate (7) and the reactor core lower support plate (3) is 0.08-0.2 times of the radius of the lower cavity (18).
7. The under-reactor chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizer of claim 1, wherein: the flow distribution plate (7) is also provided with support column through holes (17) distributed around the central hole (12), and the secondary support columns (5) penetrate through the support column through holes (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710574704.3A CN107170490B (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2017-07-14 | Reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710574704.3A CN107170490B (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2017-07-14 | Reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107170490A CN107170490A (en) | 2017-09-15 |
| CN107170490B true CN107170490B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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| CN201710574704.3A Active CN107170490B (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2017-07-14 | Reactor lower chamber coolant mixing and flow equalizing device |
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| CN111681787B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-09-30 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Lower cavity structure of reactor container and reactor container |
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