CN112177629B - Hopper structure for tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying and construction method - Google Patents
Hopper structure for tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112177629B CN112177629B CN202011267876.4A CN202011267876A CN112177629B CN 112177629 B CN112177629 B CN 112177629B CN 202011267876 A CN202011267876 A CN 202011267876A CN 112177629 B CN112177629 B CN 112177629B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hopper structure for laying an inverted arch cushion of a tunnel and a construction method, wherein the device comprises a hopper body, a gate mechanism arranged on the hopper body and a swing mechanism arranged on the hopper body, the bottom of the hopper body is arc-shaped, the bending direction of the bottom of the hopper body is consistent with the bending direction of an excavation surface of the inverted arch of the tunnel, discharge ports are arranged at two sides of the hopper body and are arranged along the arc length direction of the hopper body, the gate mechanism controls the opening or closing of the discharge ports, and the swing mechanism drives the hopper body to swing left and right along an outer shell; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, containing the bean gravel; secondly, transporting and hoisting a hopper structure for laying the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer; and thirdly, laying an inverted arch cushion layer of the tunnel. The invention has reasonable design and convenient construction, and can accurately and quickly lay the inverted arch block cushion layer, thereby realizing quick vehicle passing by using the cushion layer; in addition, the construction quality of the excavation surface cushion layer is improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying, and particularly relates to a hopper structure for tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying and a construction method.
Background
In the traditional tunnel inverted arch construction, a reinforcing mesh is laid on the excavation surface of the tunnel inverted arch, concrete is poured to form a primary support, and then an inverted arch block is poured on the primary support in situ. The accuracy of the initial support in the height direction is not well controlled due to the irregularity of the excavation surface, such as over excavation and under excavation; secondly, manual vibration is needed to ensure compactness during concrete pouring, and the vibration result is uncertain, so that the primary support quality is not easy to control; finally, the concrete is longer from pouring to the time that it solidifies to the intensity that can pass the car needs, can't satisfy and pass the car fast, has reduced construction speed and efficiency. Therefore, a hopper structure for laying tunnel inverted arch cushions and a construction method are lacked at present, so that the cushions of tunnel inverted arch sections can be accurately and quickly laid, and the rapid vehicle passing is realized by utilizing the cushions; on the other hand, the construction quality of the pad layer of the excavation face is improved, the construction precision is controlled, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the hopper structure for laying the tunnel inverted arch cushion, which is reasonable in design and convenient and fast to construct, and on one hand, the cushion of the tunnel inverted arch section can be accurately and quickly laid, so that the cushion is utilized to realize quick vehicle passing; on the other hand, the construction quality of the excavation face cushion layer is improved, the construction precision is controlled, and the construction efficiency is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure which characterized in that: including the shell body, set up the hopper body in the shell body and set up gate mechanism on the hopper body to and the swing mechanism of setting between shell body and hopper body, the bottom of shell body and hopper body all is the arc, the crooked direction of the bottom of hopper body is unanimous with the crooked direction of tunnel invert excavation face, the bottom of hopper body is provided with the discharge gate, the discharge gate is followed the arc length direction of hopper body is laid, gate mechanism control opening or closing of discharge gate, the open-top of hopper body, swing mechanism drives the hopper body and follows the shell body horizontal hunting.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the shell body comprises two side plates which are symmetrically arranged and end plates which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the two side plates, a first lifting rod and a second lifting rod are arranged between the tops of the two side plates, lifting holes are formed in the first lifting rod and the second lifting rod, and the bottom of each side plate is a minor arc.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: two curb plate inside wall symmetry is provided with two sets of arc guide rails, every group the arc guide rail all includes first arc guide rail, second arc guide rail and the third arc guide rail of laying along curb plate arc length direction, this physical stamina of hopper slides along first arc guide rail, second arc guide rail and third arc guide rail.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the hopper body comprises two hopper side plates which are symmetrically arranged and hopper end plates which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the two hopper side plates, a plurality of upper partition plates are arranged between the two hopper side plates, and the distance between the two upper partition plates is gradually reduced from the middle part of the hopper body to the end part of the hopper body.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the gate mechanism includes that a plurality of guide plates, a plurality of setting along hopper body arc length direction equipartition are in lower baffle of guide plate below and the fender material piece of setting between adjacent two lower baffles are provided with the clearance between two adjacent guide plates, the baffle stretches into in the guide plate down, the length that keeps off the material piece is greater than two intervals down between the baffle.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the guide plate comprises a fixed shaft penetrating between the two hopper side plates, a first guide plate sleeved on the fixed shaft and a second guide plate sleeved on the fixed shaft, and the top of the lower partition plate extends into the space between the first guide plate and the second guide plate.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the contained angle between first guide plate and the second guide plate is less than 90.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the striker includes the pivot of wearing to establish between two hopper curb plates and installs at the epaxial striker plate that rotates, the striker plate can rotate along with the pivot, the bottom of striker plate extends to the bottom of hopper curb plate, the top of striker plate extends to in the guide plate, the discharge gate is the bottom of striker plate and the space between the baffle down.
Foretell tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, its characterized in that: the swing mechanism comprises hydraulic oil cylinders arranged between the hopper bodies and between the outer shells.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a construction method for laying the inverted arch cushion of the tunnel, which has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design and convenient operation, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, containing the bean gravel:
the material blocking plate rotates to enable two ends of the material blocking plate to be in contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates, the material outlet is closed, and the material hopper body is filled with 10-31.5 mm of bean gravel until the material hopper body is filled with the bean gravel;
step two, the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer is laid and is used transportation and hoist of hopper structure:
step 201, conveying the hopper body filled with the bean gravel to the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface by a transport vehicle, and hoisting the hopper body above the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface by a hoisting device;
step 202, adopting a hoisting device to descend the hopper body until the distance detected by a distance measuring sensor at the bottom of the hopper body meets the requirement of the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer on height, and stopping hoisting:
step three, laying an inverted arch cushion layer of the tunnel:
301, operating the baffle plate to rotate so that the top end of the baffle plate contacts the first guide plate, communicating a gap between the first guide plate and the second guide plate with a gap reserved between the bottom end of the baffle plate and the lower partition plate, opening a discharge port, simultaneously extending and contracting a hydraulic oil cylinder to drive the hopper body to swing along the outer shell, and enabling the bean gravel in the hopper body to fall into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge port;
302, in the process that the pea gravel in the hopper body falls into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge hole, when a proximity switch at the bottom of the hopper body outputs a low level, the pea gravel on the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface contacts the bottom of the hopper body, and cushion layer construction of the current tunnel inverted arch section is completed;
and 303, driving the hopper body to move along the tunneling direction by adopting a lifting device, enabling the moving speed of the hopper body along the tunneling direction to be 0.5m/min, enabling the hydraulic oil cylinder to swing, enabling the bean gravel in the hopper body to fall into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge hole, and repeating 302 to complete cushion layer construction of the next tunnel inverted arch section.
And 304, repeating the step 303 for multiple times until the whole construction of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is completed, operating the hydraulic oil cylinder to extend, rotating the striker plate so that two ends of the striker plate are in contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates, closing the discharge hole, and stopping the hydraulic oil cylinder from stretching.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. simple structure, reasonable in design and easy and simple to handle, the input cost is lower.
2. The bottom of the hopper body that adopts is the arc, is for adapting to tunnel invert excavation face effectively, and the pea gravel in the hopper body of being convenient for falls into tunnel invert excavation face and forms the tunnel invert bed course, and the bottom through the hopper body is the benchmark in addition, ensures that the cambered surface of the tunnel invert bed course that forms at last is level and smooth.
3. The internal splendid attire pea gravel of hopper that adopts forms the inverted arch bed course of tunnel through the pea gravel, and avoids concrete placement, can lay inverted arch piece bed course fast to utilize the pea gravel bed course to realize crossing the car fast, improved construction speed and efficiency.
4. The gate mechanism controls the discharge port to be opened or closed, construction requirements of tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying are met, operation is convenient, and automation rate is improved.
5. The adopted swinging mechanism is used for swinging the hopper body to realize the swinging of the bean gravel in the hopper body and avoid the blockage of the bean gravel at the discharge port in the falling process to cause the interruption of the laying of the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer; in addition, the left-right swing of the discharge port is realized through the swing, the discharging range of the bean gravel is improved, the laying uniformity is improved, and the laying uniformity of the tunnel inverted arch cushion is improved, so that the laying effect of the tunnel inverted arch cushion is improved.
6. The construction method for laying the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in implementation and simplicity and convenience in operation, and the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer can be laid quickly and accurately.
7. The construction method for laying the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer is simple and convenient to operate and good in using effect, the bean gravel is firstly contained, then the hopper structure for laying the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer is transported and hoisted, finally the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer is laid, the whole construction of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is completed, and the discharge hole is closed.
In conclusion, the invention has reasonable design and convenient construction, and can accurately and quickly lay the cushion layer of the tunnel inverted arch section on one hand, thereby realizing quick vehicle passing by utilizing the cushion layer; on the other hand, the construction quality of the excavation face cushion layer is improved, the construction precision is controlled, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an outer shell of the hopper structure for laying an inverted arch cushion of a tunnel according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hopper body and a gate mechanism of the hopper structure for laying an inverted arch cushion of a tunnel according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hopper body, the lower partition plate and the upper partition plate of the hopper structure for laying the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a construction method for laying an inverted arch cushion of a tunnel according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-hopper body; 1-hopper side plate; 1-2-hopper end plate;
1-3 — a first slider; 1-4-upper baffle plate; 1-6-second slide;
1-7-third slider; 2, a hydraulic oil cylinder; 3-a deflector;
3-1-fixed shaft; 3-2 — a first baffle; 3-3 — a second baffle;
3-4-lower baffle plate; 3-5-a discharge port; 4, a material blocking part;
4-1-rotation axis; 4-2-striker plate; 9-outer shell;
9-1-side plate; 9-2-end plate; 9-3 — a first arcuate guide rail;
9-4 — first boom; 9-5-a second lifting rod; 9-6-a second arc-shaped guide rail;
9-7-third arc guide rail.
Detailed Description
A hopper structure for tunnel inverted arch mat laying is described by way of example one to example four.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a tunnel inverted arch bed course is laid and is used hopper structure, including shell body 9, set up hopper body 1 and the setting in shell body 9 and be in gate mechanism on the hopper body 1 to and the swing mechanism of setting between shell body 9 and hopper body 1, the bottom of hopper body 1 is minor arc, the crooked direction of the bottom of hopper body 1 is unanimous with the crooked direction of tunnel inverted arch excavation face, the bottom of hopper body 1 is provided with discharge gate 3-5, discharge gate 3-5 are followed the arc length direction of hopper body 1 is laid, gate mechanism control the opening or closing of discharge gate 3-5, the open-top of hopper body 1, swing mechanism drives hopper body 1 and follows shell body 9 horizontal hunting.
Further preferably, the swing mechanism comprises hydraulic cylinders 2 arranged between the hopper bodies 1 and between the outer shells 9.
Further preferably, hydraulic ram 2 is located between end plate 1-2 and end plate 9-2 of the hopper.
In this embodiment, the end plate 9-2 is provided with a first cross-connecting seat for mounting the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the hopper end plate 1-2 is provided with a second cross-connecting seat for mounting the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 2.
In the embodiment, the cushion layer of the tunnel inverted arch section can be accurately and quickly paved through the hopper structure, so that the rapid vehicle passing can be realized through the cushion layer; and secondly, the bottom of the hopper body is a minor arc, so that the hopper body is effectively adapted to the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface, and the bottom of the hopper body is used as a reference, thereby accurately and precisely controlling the height of a cushion layer of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface.
The hopper structure can improve the construction quality of the cushion layer of the excavation surface, control the construction precision and improve the construction efficiency, and the bean gravel in the hopper body 1 is driven to vibrate by the swinging mechanism, so that the uniformity of the bean gravel passing through the discharge port is improved, the uniformity of the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying is improved, and the construction quality of the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying is improved; secondly, the bean gravel on the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface can be squeezed in the swinging process of the swinging mechanism, so that the surface of a cushion layer of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is effectively adapted to the bottom of the hopper body, and the control of construction precision is further realized;
can improve the efficiency of construction through this hopper structure, be the consideration, firstly avoid concrete placement, the second can avoid the people for carrying on the level and smooth of the surperficial of the bed course of tunnel invert excavation face.
In the embodiment, the plurality of discharge ports 3-5 are arranged to adapt to the arc length direction of the hopper body 1, so that the width direction of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is effectively adapted, the efficiency of laying a cushion layer can be improved on one hand, the laying area of the cushion layer is improved on the other hand, and the construction efficiency is improved; secondly, through setting up a plurality of discharge gates 3-5, can also avoid the pile up of the beans gravel in the hopper body 1 to improve the symmetry of laying, improved the construction quality of laying.
Furthermore, a hydraulic oil cylinder 2 is arranged between the hopper end plate 1-2 and the end plate 9-2, and the hopper end plate 1-2 is driven to swing through the extension or contraction of the hydraulic oil cylinder 2, so that the hopper body 1 is driven to swing left and right.
Example two
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the outer shell 9 comprises two side plates 9-1 symmetrically arranged and end plates 9-2 symmetrically arranged at two ends of the two side plates 9-1, a first lifting rod 9-4 and a second lifting rod 9-5 are arranged between the tops of the two side plates 9-1, lifting holes are arranged on the first lifting rod 9-4 and the second lifting rod 9-5, and the bottoms of the side plates 9-1 are in minor arcs.
In this embodiment, set up the lewis hole to be convenient for can hoist and mount this hopper structure, conveniently hoist, thereby make things convenient for the construction.
Preferably, two groups of arc-shaped guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the inner side walls of the two side plates 9-1, each group of arc-shaped guide rails comprises a first arc-shaped guide rail 9-3, a second arc-shaped guide rail 9-6 and a third arc-shaped guide rail 9-7 which are arranged along the arc length direction of the side plate 9-1, and the hopper body 1 can slide along the first arc-shaped guide rail 9-3, the second arc-shaped guide rail 9-6 and the third arc-shaped guide rail 9-7.
Preferably, the hopper body 1 comprises two hopper side plates 1-1 which are symmetrically arranged and hopper end plates 1-2 which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the two hopper side plates 1-1, a plurality of upper partition plates 1-4 are arranged between the two hopper side plates 1-1, and the distance between the two upper partition plates 1-4 is gradually reduced from the middle part of the hopper body 1 to the end part of the hopper body 1.
In this embodiment, the first arc-shaped guide rail 9-3, the second arc-shaped guide rail 9-6 and the third arc-shaped guide rail 9-7 each include two guide rails arranged in parallel.
In this embodiment, the hopper side plate 1-1 is provided with a first slider 1-3 clamped in the first arc-shaped guide rail 9-3, a second slider 1-6 clamped in the second arc-shaped guide rail 9-6, and a third slider 1-7 clamped in the third arc-shaped guide rail 9-7.
In this embodiment, the slider is arranged to be clamped into the two guide rails arranged in parallel, and the slider is limited, so that the hopper body 1 is limited in the swing process, and the hopper body 1 can only swing left and right and is effectively adapted to the swing in the width direction of the tunnel excavation surface.
In this embodiment, the outer casing 9 is provided for accommodating the hopper body 1 and realizing the swing of the hopper body 1, and for hoisting the hopper body 1.
In this embodiment, the upper partition plates 1 to 4 are arranged to disperse the gravel and beans in the accommodating cavities, so that the gravel and beans in each accommodating cavity can pass through the discharge hole at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, and the blockage caused by the discharge of the gravel and beans is avoided.
In the embodiment, the distance between two adjacent upper partition plates 1-4 is gradually reduced from the center to two ends of the hopper body 1, so that the arc shape of the hopper side plates 1-1 is effectively adapted, and the uniformity of the arrangement of the bean gravel is improved.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the gate mechanism includes a plurality of guide plates 3 uniformly distributed along the arc length direction of the hopper body 1, a plurality of lower partition plates 3-4 disposed below the guide plates 3, and a material blocking member 4 disposed between two adjacent lower partition plates 3-4, a gap is disposed between two adjacent guide plates 3, the lower partition plates 3-4 extend into the guide plates 3, and the length of the material blocking member 4 is greater than the distance between two lower partition plates 3-4.
Preferably, the guide plate 3 comprises a fixed shaft 3-1 penetrating between the two hopper side plates 1-1, a first guide plate 3-2 sleeved on the fixed shaft 3-1 and a second guide plate 3-3 sleeved on the fixed shaft 3-1, and the top of the lower partition plate 3-4 extends between the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3.
Further preferably, the included angle between the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3 is smaller than 90 °.
Further preferably, the material blocking part 4 comprises a rotating shaft 4-1 penetrating between two hopper side plates 1-1 and a material blocking plate 4-2 installed on the rotating shaft 4-1, the material blocking plate 4-2 can rotate along with the rotating shaft 4-1, the bottom end of the material blocking plate 4-2 extends to the bottom of the hopper side plate 1-1, the top end of the material blocking plate 4-2 extends into the guide plate 3, and the discharge port 3-5 is a gap between the bottom end of the material blocking plate 4-2 and the lower partition plate 3-4.
In this embodiment, the height of the fixed shaft 3-1 is higher than that of the rotating shaft 4-1.
In this embodiment, a plurality of striker plates 4-2 are along 1 arc length direction equipartition of hopper body, and the bottom of a plurality of striker plates 4-2 flushes mutually with the bottom of hopper body 1 to also can cooperate the bottom of hopper body as the benchmark, be convenient for suit to going on of pea gravel on the tunnel invert excavation face, thereby the bed course height of accurate control tunnel invert excavation face.
In this embodiment, set up a plurality of guide plates 3 and be provided with the clearance between two adjacent guide plates 3, be for can disperse the pea gravel in the hopper body 1 to make the pea gravel fall into between two adjacent guide plates 3, and the pea gravel that falls into between two adjacent guide plates 3 can be through this clearance and discharge gate, avoid the ejection of compact of pea gravel to block up.
In the embodiment, a plurality of lower partition plates 3-4 are uniformly distributed along the arc length direction of the hopper side plate 1-1, and the top of each lower partition plate 3-4 is lower than the bottom of each upper partition plate 1-4.
In this embodiment, the top end of the baffle 4-2 extends to between the first baffle 3-2 and the second baffle 3-3.
In the embodiment, the lower baffle 3-4 is arranged to extend between the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3, so as to limit the baffle 4-2, the baffle 4-2 is operated to rotate, so that the top end of the baffle 4-2 is in contact with the first guide plate 3-2, a gap between the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3 is communicated with a gap reserved between the bottom end of the baffle 4-2 and the lower baffle 3-4, and the discharge port 3-5 is opened; when the material baffle 4-2 rotates reversely along with the rotating shaft 4-1 and both ends of the material baffle 4-2 contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates 3-4, the discharge port 3-5 is closed.
In this embodiment, the included angle formed between the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3 is set to be smaller than 90 degrees, the included angle between the stacked loose materials and the horizontal plane is considered as the repose angle, and when the stacked loose materials are static and reach the repose angle, the continuously fed materials slide down along the two sides of the top of the stack. The static repose angle of gravel used in the device is 30 degrees, the dynamic repose angle is 30-45 degrees, the triangular sections of the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3 are regarded as sections for material accumulation, and the pea gravel can be ensured to continuously and smoothly fall down as long as the included angle between one side of the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3 and the horizontal plane is ensured to be greater than 45 degrees of the maximum repose angle of the pea gravel. Whereas it is generally considered that the fluidity requirement in the production process can be satisfied when it is less than 40 deg..
A construction method for laying an inverted arch cushion of a tunnel is described in the fourth embodiment to the fifth embodiment.
Example four
As shown in fig. 5, the construction method for laying the inverted arch cushion layer of the tunnel includes the following steps:
step one, containing the bean gravel:
the material blocking plate 4-2 rotates to enable two ends of the material blocking plate 4-2 to be in contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates 3-4, the material outlet 3-5 is closed, and the bean gravel is filled in the hopper body 1 until the hopper body 1 is filled with the bean gravel;
step two, the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer is laid and is used transportation and hoist of hopper structure:
step 201, conveying the hopper body 1 filled with the bean gravel to the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface by a transport vehicle, and hoisting the hopper body 1 to the position above the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface by adopting a hoisting device;
step 202, adopting a hoisting device to descend the hopper body 1 until the distance detected by the distance measuring sensor at the bottom of the hopper body 1 meets the requirement of the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer on height, and stopping hoisting:
step three, paving an inverted arch cushion layer of the tunnel:
301, operating the baffle plate 4-2 to rotate so that the top end of the baffle plate 4-2 contacts the first guide plate 3-2, communicating a gap between the first guide plate 3-2 and the second guide plate 3-3 with a gap reserved between the bottom end of the baffle plate 4-2 and the lower partition plate 3-4, opening a discharge port 3-5, simultaneously extending and contracting the hydraulic oil cylinder 2 to drive the hopper body 1 to swing along the outer shell 9, and enabling the bean gravel in the hopper body 1 to fall into an excavation surface of an inverted arch of the tunnel through the discharge port 3-5;
302, in the process that the pea gravel in the hopper body 1 falls into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge ports 3-5, when the proximity switch at the bottom of the hopper body 1 outputs a low level, the pea gravel on the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is shown to be in contact with the bottom of the hopper body 1, and cushion layer construction of the current tunnel inverted arch section is completed;
step 303, driving the hopper body 1 to move along the tunneling direction by adopting a lifting device, simultaneously swinging the hydraulic oil cylinder 2, enabling the bean gravel in the hopper body 1 to fall into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge ports 3-5, and repeating the step 302 to complete cushion layer construction of the next tunnel inverted arch section.
And 304, repeating the step 303 for multiple times until the whole construction of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is completed, operating the hydraulic oil cylinder to extend, rotating the striker plate 4-2 to enable two ends of the striker plate 4-2 to be in contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates 3-4, closing the discharge port 3-5, and stopping the hydraulic oil cylinder 2 to stretch.
EXAMPLE five
In this embodiment, it is further preferable that the particle size range of the pea gravel in the step one is 10mm to 31.5 mm;
in step 303, the moving speed of the hopper body 1 along the tunneling direction is 0.5 m/min.
In this embodiment, it is further preferable that a proximity switch is mounted on the top of the hopper side plate 1-1 of the hopper body 1, and when the proximity switches on the hopper body 1 all output low level signals, the hopper body 1 is filled with gravel.
Further preferably, a distance measuring sensor is arranged at the bottom of a hopper side plate 1-1 of the hopper body 1 and used for adjusting the distance between the bottom of the hopper body 1 and the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface. Further preferably, the number of the ranging sensors may be plural.
Preferably, the distance measuring sensor may refer to other sensors capable of measuring distance, such as a laser distance measuring sensor and an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor.
Further preferably, a proximity switch is also arranged at the bottom of the hopper side plate 1-1 of the hopper body 1, when the proximity switch at the bottom of the hopper body 1 outputs a low level, it is shown that the pea gravel on the excavation surface of the tunnel inverted arch contacts the bottom of the hopper body 1, the cushion construction of the current tunnel inverted arch section is completed, and the laying accuracy of the tunnel inverted arch section is improved.
Preferably, the proximity switch may refer to other proximity switches that can perform the same function, such as an inductive proximity switch.
In conclusion, the invention has reasonable design and convenient construction, and can accurately and quickly lay the cushion layer of the tunnel inverted arch section on one hand, thereby realizing quick vehicle passing by utilizing the cushion layer; on the other hand, the construction quality of the excavation face cushion layer is improved, the construction precision is controlled, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel invert bed course is laid and is used hopper structure which characterized in that: comprises an outer shell (9), a hopper body (1) arranged in the outer shell (9) and a gate mechanism arranged on the hopper body (1), and a swing mechanism arranged between the outer shell (9) and the hopper body (1), the bottoms of the outer shell (9) and the hopper body (1) are both arc-shaped, the bending direction of the bottom of the hopper body (1) is consistent with the bending direction of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface, the bottom of the hopper body (1) is provided with discharge ports (3-5), the discharge ports (3-5) are distributed along the arc length direction of the hopper body (1), the gate mechanism controls the opening or closing of the discharge ports (3-5), the top of the hopper body (1) is opened, the swing mechanism drives the hopper body (1) to swing left and right along the outer shell (9);
the gate mechanism comprises a plurality of guide plates (3) uniformly distributed along the arc length direction of the hopper body (1), a plurality of baffle pieces (4) arranged between two adjacent lower baffle plates (3-4) and lower baffle plates (3-4) below the guide plates (3), a gap is arranged between two adjacent guide plates (3), the lower baffle plates (3-4) stretch into the guide plates (3), and the length of each baffle piece (4) is greater than the distance between the two lower baffle plates (3-4).
2. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the shell body (9) comprises two side plates (9-1) which are symmetrically arranged and end plates (9-2) which are symmetrically installed at two ends of the two side plates (9-1), a first lifting rod (9-4) and a second lifting rod (9-5) are arranged between the tops of the two side plates (9-1), lifting holes are formed in the first lifting rod (9-4) and the second lifting rod (9-5), and the bottom of each side plate (9-1) is in a minor arc shape.
3. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: two sets of arc guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the inner side walls of the two side plates (9-1), each set of arc guide rail comprises a first arc guide rail (9-3), a second arc guide rail (9-6) and a third arc guide rail (9-7) which are arranged along the arc length direction of the side plates (9-1), and the hopper body (1) can slide along the first arc guide rail (9-3), the second arc guide rail (9-6) and the third arc guide rail (9-7).
4. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the hopper body (1) comprises two hopper side plates (1-1) which are symmetrically arranged and hopper end plates (1-2) which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the two hopper side plates (1-1), a plurality of upper partition plates (1-4) are arranged between the two hopper side plates (1-1), and the distance between the two upper partition plates (1-4) is gradually reduced from the middle part of the hopper body (1) to the end part of the hopper body (1).
5. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the guide plate (3) comprises a fixed shaft (3-1) penetrating between the two hopper side plates (1-1), a first guide plate (3-2) sleeved on the fixed shaft (3-1) and a second guide plate (3-3) sleeved on the fixed shaft (3-1), and the top of the lower partition plate (3-4) extends into the space between the first guide plate (3-2) and the second guide plate (3-3).
6. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: the included angle between the first guide plate (3-2) and the second guide plate (3-3) is smaller than 90 degrees.
7. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: keep off material spare (4) including wear to establish pivot (4-1) between two hopper curb plates (1-1) and install striker plate (4-2) on pivot (4-1), striker plate (4-2) can rotate along with pivot (4-1), the bottom of striker plate (4-2) extends to the bottom of hopper curb plate (1-1), the top of striker plate (4-2) extends to in guide plate (3), discharge gate (3-5) are the bottom of striker plate (4-2) and the space between lower baffle (3-4).
8. The hopper structure for laying an inverted arch mat of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the swing mechanism comprises hydraulic oil cylinders (2) arranged between the hopper bodies (1) and between the outer shells (9).
9. A construction method for laying an inverted arch cushion of a tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, containing the bean gravel:
the material blocking plate (4-2) rotates to enable two ends of the material blocking plate (4-2) to be in contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates (3-4), the material outlet (3-5) is closed, and the bean gravel is filled in the hopper body (1) until the hopper body (1) is filled with the bean gravel;
step two, the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer is laid and is used transportation and hoist of hopper structure:
step 201, hoisting a hopper body (1) to the position above an inverted arch excavation surface of a tunnel by using a hoisting device;
step 202, adopting a hoisting device to descend the hopper body (1) until the distance detected by the distance measuring sensor at the bottom of the hopper body (1) meets the requirement of the tunnel inverted arch cushion layer on height, stopping hoisting:
step three, laying an inverted arch cushion layer of the tunnel:
301, rotating a material baffle plate (4-2) to enable the top end of the material baffle plate (4-2) to contact with a first guide plate (3-2), communicating a gap between the first guide plate (3-2) and a second guide plate (3-3) with a gap reserved between the bottom end of the material baffle plate (4-2) and a lower partition plate (3-4), opening a discharge port (3-5), and simultaneously extending and contracting a hydraulic oil cylinder (2) to drive a hopper body (1) to swing along an outer shell (9);
302, in the process that the bean gravel in the hopper body (1) falls into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge hole (3-5), when the bean gravel on the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface contacts the bottom of the hopper body (1), cushion layer construction of the current tunnel inverted arch section is completed;
303, driving the hopper body (1) to move along the tunneling direction by using a lifting device, simultaneously swinging the hydraulic oil cylinder (2), enabling the bean gravel in the hopper body (1) to fall into the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface through the discharge hole (3-5), and repeating the step 302 to complete cushion layer construction of the next tunnel inverted arch section;
and 304, repeating the step 303 for multiple times until the whole construction of the tunnel inverted arch excavation surface is completed, operating the hydraulic oil cylinder to extend, rotating the striker plate (4-2) so that two ends of the striker plate (4-2) are in contact with the two adjacent lower partition plates (3-4), closing the discharge hole (3-5), and stopping the hydraulic oil cylinder (2) to stretch.
10. The construction method for laying the inverted arch mat of the tunnel according to claim 9, wherein the particle size of the gravel in the first step is in the range of 10mm to 31.5 mm;
in the step 303, the moving speed of the hopper body (1) along the tunneling direction of the tunnel is 0.5 m/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011267876.4A CN112177629B (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Hopper structure for tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying and construction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011267876.4A CN112177629B (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Hopper structure for tunnel inverted arch cushion layer laying and construction method |
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| CN112177629B true CN112177629B (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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| CN105134253A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-09 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel inverted arch combined integrated template and method for concreting construction |
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| CN109611127A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-04-12 | 温州燧人智能科技有限公司 | A kind of swing cover-plate type pulp shooting machine |
| CN210768809U (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-06-16 | 湖南五新模板有限公司 | Scurry-cylinder type adjustable chute device |
| CN111622783A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-04 | 中建三局基础设施建设投资有限公司 | Small-diameter tunnel long-section two-lining inverted arch thin-wall concrete pouring device and method |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105134253A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-09 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel inverted arch combined integrated template and method for concreting construction |
| CN105952482A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-21 | 重庆工商职业学院 | Self-propelled tunnel invert lining trolley |
| CN106593468A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 中国水电建设集团十五工程局有限公司 | Tunnel inverted arch concrete lining slip form and construction method |
| CN109611127A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-04-12 | 温州燧人智能科技有限公司 | A kind of swing cover-plate type pulp shooting machine |
| CN210768809U (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-06-16 | 湖南五新模板有限公司 | Scurry-cylinder type adjustable chute device |
| CN111622783A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-04 | 中建三局基础设施建设投资有限公司 | Small-diameter tunnel long-section two-lining inverted arch thin-wall concrete pouring device and method |
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| CN112177629A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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