CN112177014A

CN112177014A - Civil engineering is safety support structure for excavation supporting

Info

Publication number: CN112177014A
Application number: CN202011025927.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 管红兵; 董波; 李发珍; 贾轶; 张瑞; 葛易; 李玉荣; 陈小瑞; 陈林昌
Original assignee: Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2020-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-25
Publication date: 2021-01-05

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit supporting, in particular to a safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting, which comprises a plurality of supporting plates, wherein an upper channel steel extending towards one side of a slope body is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each supporting plate, a lower channel steel extending towards one side far away from the slope body is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each supporting plate, the upper channel steel and the lower channel steel are both upwards opened, and drainage grooves for drainage are formed at the upper end and the lower end of each supporting plate; the middle part of the left side of the supporting and protecting plate is provided with a vertically arranged reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is provided with a first hole; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the supporting plate, the reinforcing ribs and the steel wire ropes, the overall structural stability of the supporting plate can be improved, the vibration energy is consumed, and the damping effect is achieved, so that the residual deformation of the prestressed anchor rod caused by the position deviation of the supporting plate is avoided, the constraint of the prestressed anchor rod on a slope is ensured, and the risk of the slope collapse due to instability is reduced.

Description

Civil engineering is safety support structure for excavation supporting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit supporting, in particular to a safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting.

Background

With more and more high-rise buildings and larger foundation pit depth, the excavated underground space can be used as a garage, a warehouse, a market, a civil air defense project and the like. After the foundation pit of a building is excavated, a supporting structure needs to be made on the periphery of the foundation pit to prevent local or large-area collapse, the traditional supporting structure is a soil nailing wall structure and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, quick manufacturing and the like, but the one-layer soil nailing wall structure cannot be guaranteed to prevent local or large-area collapse of the foundation pit under the condition that the existing foundation pit is deep.

The existing Chinese patent with reference to the grant publication No. CN100580190 discloses a building foundation pit supporting structure, which comprises a soil nailing wall at the periphery of a foundation pit and prestressed anchor rods inserted into the soil body through the soil nailing wall, wherein a pier structure is arranged along the soil nailing wall at intervals of 5-10 meters, the pier structure comprises a cast-in-place pile group perpendicular to the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the prestressed anchor rods respectively positioned at two sides of the cast-in-place pile group, and horizontal channel steel connecting anchor rods positioned at the outer side end parts of the soil nailing wall at two sides, and the cast-in-place pile group is wrapped in the soil nailing wall and consists of at least two cast-in-place piles which are arranged in parallel. The invention utilizes the pier stud structure to divide a large-area foundation pit into small-area foundation pits, and organically combines the cast-in-place pile, the prestressed anchor rod and the soil nailing wall, thereby improving the deformation resistance and the displacement resistance of the supporting structure, realizing the support of the deep foundation pit, and the construction cost is only 60 percent of that of the rigid cast-in-place gang pile. However, because each horizontal channel steel is independently installed, when external vibration causes partial displacement of a slope body and a supporting structure, the prestressed anchor rods have residual deformation, the constraint of the supporting structure on the slope body is weakened, and the slope body is in danger of instability and collapse; in addition, in the prior art, the bottom of the foundation pit is generally drained, the slope body is not drained, and when the underground water level is higher than the bottom of the foundation pit, the slope body bears larger lateral pressure, so that the slope body is easy to collapse.

The safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting is designed, the whole structural stability of the supporting plate can be improved through the arrangement of the supporting plate, the reinforcing ribs and the steel wire ropes, vibration energy is consumed, and a damping effect is achieved, so that the prestressed anchor rod is prevented from generating residual deformation due to the position deviation of the supporting plate, the constraint of the prestressed anchor rod on a slope is guaranteed, and the risk of slope instability and collapse is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the constraint of a supporting structure on a slope body is weakened and the slope body is unstable and collapses because the prestressed anchor rods are easily subjected to residual deformation when the external vibration occurs in the prior art, the invention provides the safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting comprises a plurality of supporting plates, wherein an upper channel steel extending towards one side of a slope body is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each supporting plate, a lower channel steel extending towards one side away from the slope body is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each supporting plate, the upper channel steel and the lower channel steel are both upwards opened, and drainage grooves for drainage are formed at the upper end and the lower end of each supporting plate; the middle part of the left side of the supporting and protecting plate is provided with a vertically arranged reinforcing rib, the reinforcing rib is provided with a first hole, the first hole extends to the right and penetrates through the supporting and protecting plate, and a prestressed anchor rod extending to a slope body is arranged in the first hole; the prestressed anchor rod is in threaded connection with the first hole, and a grouting hole for injecting anchoring slurry into a slope body is formed in the prestressed anchor rod; the reinforcing ribs are provided with a plurality of second holes which are communicated front and back, tensioning steel wire ropes are arranged in the second holes, the steel wire ropes sequentially penetrate through the second holes in the adjacent reinforcing ribs and connect the supporting plates into a whole, and wire buckles for clamping the steel wire ropes are fixedly arranged in the second holes.

When the water-retaining comb is used, water flow on the earth surface can be blocked and collected through the upper channel steel, accumulated water in a foundation pit is collected through the lower channel steel, water can be combed and drained in time conveniently, and collapse of a slope body caused by expansion of extra water entering the slope body is relieved; through the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs, on one hand, the structural strength and the stability of the supporting plates can be improved, the middle parts of the supporting plates are prevented from arching and deforming under the action force of a slope, and further the risk of instability and collapse of the slope is reduced, on the other hand, the steel wire rope can be used for installing a steel wire rope, a plurality of supporting plates can be connected into a whole by sequentially penetrating through second holes in adjacent reinforcing ribs through the steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope is tensioned, so that when one supporting plate is vibrated by the outside and has a displacement trend, the supporting plates adjacent to two sides of the supporting plate can be pulled by the steel wire rope to block the movement of the supporting plate vibrated by the outside, the structural stability of the whole supporting plates is improved, and the risk of instability and collapse of the slope is further reduced; in addition, the steel wire rope can be tensioned in time when external vibration is generated, and extrusion friction is generated between internal bundles and between wires, so that vibration energy is consumed, and a damping effect is achieved, so that the prestressed anchor rod is prevented from generating residual deformation due to the position deviation of the supporting plate, the constraint of the prestressed anchor rod on a slope is ensured, and the risk of instability and collapse of the slope is reduced; the wire rope can be connected with the reinforcing ribs through the wire buckles, the position of the wire rope is prevented from changing, the wire ropes between the adjacent reinforcing ribs are independent, when the wire rope between the single adjacent reinforcing rib looses or breaks, the adjacent wire rope cannot be loosened, and therefore the rest of the wire ropes can be in a normal working state; can be a whole with a backplate and slope body connection through the prestressed anchorage pole, play the purpose of reinforcing overall stability, can improve the binding power between prestressed anchorage pole and the slope body through pouring into the anchor slurry into the slope body simultaneously, further improve holistic stability.

Preferably, the prestressed anchor rods are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the length of the prestressed anchor rods is sequentially increased from bottom to top. Because the supporting plate is vertical when placing, when the bulging force of each aspect of the body of slope is the same, the moment that the supporting plate received more up is big more, consequently through increasing the holistic stability of improvement that can be better with the length from the bottom up of prestressed anchorage pole in proper order arrangement, avoid causing the body of slope to collapse because of the supporting plate upper side offset is too big.

Preferably, a plurality of vertically arranged hollow cavities are arranged in the lower portion of the supporting plate, drain holes communicated with the bottom of the hollow cavities are formed in the lower end of the left side of the supporting plate, a negative pressure box extending towards one side of the slope body is arranged at the upper end of the right side of the hollow cavities, fourth holes are formed in the side wall of the negative pressure box and one end of the negative pressure box facing the hollow cavities, water contained in the slope body can be introduced into the hollow cavities through the fourth holes, and broken stones are filled in the negative pressure box. Through the setting of cavity and negative pressure tank for ponding in the slope can get into the negative pressure tank through the fourth hole of negative pressure tank lateral wall in, then filters out the fourth hole that debris back ponding can follow towards cavity one end and gets into in the cavity through the rubble, and in discharging water into lower channel-section steel, avoid the slope body to bear great lateral pressure and cause the foundation ditch lateral wall to collapse.

Preferably, a self-drainage device is arranged in the hollow cavity and comprises a first piston and a second piston which can be in sliding seal with the inner wall of the hollow cavity, the second piston is higher than the first piston and is connected with the first piston through a plurality of connecting blocks arranged at intervals, a liquid storage cavity is formed by the first piston, the second piston, the connecting blocks and a cavity body between the inner walls of the hollow cavity, and a third hole communicated with the liquid storage cavity is formed in the middle of the second piston; a baffle ring is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the hollow cavity, and the baffle ring is connected with the second piston through a spring; the self-draining device at least comprises the following two stations: a first station: the first piston is arranged higher than the water drainage hole; and a second station: the first piston is disposed lower than the water discharge hole. Through the arrangement of the self-drainage device and the spring, when the self-drainage device is at a first station, accumulated water entering from the negative pressure tank enters the liquid storage cavity through the third hole, and the first piston is arranged higher than the drain hole, so that the accumulated water in the liquid storage cavity cannot flow out, the spring is stretched under the action of the self-drainage device and the gravity of the accumulated water, and the self-drainage device moves downwards, so that the volume of a cavity above the self-drainage device is increased to generate negative pressure, the negative pressure is maintained to pump water in the downward moving process of the self-drainage device, the water in a slope is pumped into the liquid storage cavity at an accelerated speed, and the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit caused by; when the self-drainage device is at the second station, the liquid storage cavity is communicated with the drainage hole, so that accumulated water in the liquid storage cavity can be drained through the drainage hole, and the self-drainage device can reset under the action of the spring after the accumulated water is drained, so that the accumulated water is automatically drained through the vertical reciprocating motion of the self-drainage device while negative-pressure water pumping is carried out; in addition, external vibration also can make from drainage device reciprocate under the effect of inertial force, and then increase suction dynamics and speed, drainage with higher speed, and the flexible external vibration energy that also can consume of spring reaches absorbing purpose simultaneously, improves holistic stability.

Preferably, the cavity bottom is provided with the vertical stand of arranging, the stand passes first piston and extends to the stock solution intracavity and just to the third hole, the stand can plug up the third hole and then make the cavity of stock solution chamber and second piston top no longer communicate when self drainage device is in station two. Through the setting of stand, on the one hand, play the operation that leads to self-draining device, the dead problem of slope card of avoiding first piston or second piston probably to appear, the stand can also plug up the third hole and then make the cavity of stock solution chamber and second piston top no longer communicate when self-draining device is in station two simultaneously, avoid the external air to pass through the wash port, stock solution chamber and third hole get into in the cavity of second piston top, consequently make also can carry out the negative pressure and draw water when self-draining device is in station two, drainage with higher speed, avoid the slope to bear great lateral pressure and cause the foundation ditch lateral wall to collapse.

Preferably, a one-way air tap communicated with the hollow cavity is arranged on the supporting plate above the baffle ring, and the one-way air tap is communicated from the hollow cavity to the outer side of the supporting plate in a one-way mode. Still have the air admission during because stock solution chamber drainage to open and get into in the cavity of second piston top along with the third hole, hinder reseing of spring, make become the malleation in the cavity of second piston top and hinder the drainage, consequently can discharge unnecessary gas through one-way air cock when the spring resets, and then guarantee from drainage device normal work.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting, the whole structural stability of the supporting plate can be improved through the arrangement of the supporting plate, the reinforcing ribs and the steel wire ropes, vibration energy is consumed, and a damping effect is achieved, so that the prestressed anchor rod is prevented from generating residual deformation due to the position deviation of the supporting plate, the constraint of the prestressed anchor rod on a slope is ensured, and the risk of unstable collapse of the slope is reduced.

2. According to the safety supporting structure for supporting the civil engineering foundation pit, negative pressure water pumping is maintained in the downward moving process of the self-drainage device through the hollow cavity and the self-drainage device, water in the slope is pumped into the liquid storage cavity at an accelerated speed, and further the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit caused by the fact that the slope bears large lateral pressure is avoided.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plurality of backup plates according to the present invention after assembly;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the backup plate of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a backup plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a self-draining device of the present invention;

in the figure:

1. supporting the guard plate; 2. feeding channel steel; 3. a channel steel is arranged; 4. reinforcing ribs; 5. a first hole; 6. a pre-stressed anchor rod; 7. wire buckling; 8. a wire rope; 9. a one-way air tap; 10. a drain hole; 11. a second hole; 12. a slope body; 13. anchoring the slurry; 14. a hollow cavity; 15. a column; 16. a first piston; 17. a second piston; 18. connecting blocks; 19. a liquid storage cavity; 20. a third aperture; 21. a drainage groove; 22. a baffle ring; 23. a spring; 24. a negative pressure tank; 25. a fourth aperture; 26. and (4) crushing the stones.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the safety supporting structure for supporting the civil engineering foundation pit comprises a plurality of supporting and protecting plates 1, wherein an upper channel steel 2 extending towards one side of a slope body 12 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each supporting and protecting plate 1, a lower channel steel 3 extending towards one side far away from the slope body 12 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each supporting and protecting plate 1, the upper channel steel 2 and the lower channel steel 3 are both upwards opened, and drainage channels for draining water are formed at the upper end and the lower end of each supporting and protecting plate 1; the middle part of the left side of the supporting and protecting plate 1 is provided with a reinforcing rib 4 which is vertically arranged, a first hole 5 is formed in the reinforcing rib 4, the first hole 5 extends rightwards and penetrates through the supporting and protecting plate 1, and a prestressed anchor rod 6 extending to a slope body 12 is arranged in the first hole 5; the prestressed anchor 6 is in threaded connection with the first hole 5, and a grouting hole for injecting anchor slurry 13 into a slope body 12 is formed in the prestressed anchor 6; the reinforcing ribs 4 are provided with a plurality of second holes 11 which are through from front to back, the tensioning steel wire ropes 8 are arranged in the second holes 11, the steel wire ropes 8 sequentially penetrate through the second holes 11 on the adjacent reinforcing ribs 4 and connect the plurality of supporting and protecting plates 1 into a whole, and the wire buckles 7 used for clamping the steel wire ropes 8 are fixedly arranged in the second holes 11.

When the device is used, water flow on the ground surface can be blocked and collected through the upper channel steel 2, accumulated water in a foundation pit is collected through the lower channel steel 3, water can be combed and drained in time conveniently, and extra water is relieved from entering the slope body 12 to cause expansion so as to collapse the slope body 12; through the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 4, on one hand, the structural strength and the stability of the supporting and protecting plates 1 can be improved, the middle of the supporting and protecting plates 1 is prevented from arching and deforming under the action force of the slope body 12, and further the risk of instability and collapse of the slope body 12 is reduced, on the other hand, the steel wire ropes 8 can also be used for installation, the supporting and protecting plates 1 can be connected into a whole by sequentially penetrating the steel wire ropes 8 through the second holes 11 on the adjacent reinforcing ribs 4, and the steel wire ropes 8 are tensioned, so when one supporting and protecting plate 1 is subjected to external vibration and has a displacement trend, the supporting and protecting plate 1 adjacent to two sides of the supporting and protecting plate 1 can be pulled through the steel wire ropes 8, and the supporting and protecting plate 1 subjected to the external vibration is prevented from moving, so that the structural stability of the whole supporting and protecting plate 1; in addition, the steel wire rope 8 can be tensioned in time when external vibration is generated, and extrusion friction is generated between internal bundles and between wires, so that vibration energy is consumed, and a damping effect is achieved, so that the prestressed anchor 6 is prevented from generating residual deformation due to the position deviation of the supporting and protecting plate 1, the constraint of the prestressed anchor 6 on the slope body 12 is ensured, and the risk of unstable collapse of the slope body 12 is reduced; the wire ropes 8 can be connected with the reinforcing ribs 4 through the wire buckles 7, the position of each wire rope 8 is prevented from changing, the wire ropes 8 between the adjacent reinforcing ribs 4 become independent individuals, and when the wire rope 8 between the single adjacent reinforcing rib 4 loosens or breaks, the adjacent wire rope 8 cannot be loosened, so that the rest wire ropes 8 can be in a normal working state; can be connected a whole with a backplate 1 and slope body 12 through prestressed anchorage pole 6, play the mesh of reinforcing overall stability, can improve the binding power between prestressed anchorage pole 6 and the slope body 12 through pouring into anchor slurry 13 into the slope body 12 simultaneously, further improve holistic stability.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the prestressed anchor 6 is provided in plurality and spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the length of the prestressed anchor 6 increases from bottom to top. Because when the backplate 1 is placed vertically, when the expansive force of each aspect of the slope body 12 is the same, the moment that the backplate 1 received is the bigger the more, consequently through increasing the length from the bottom up of prestressed anchorage bar 6 in proper order and arranging the holistic stability of improvement that can be better, avoid causing the slope body 12 to collapse because of the offset of backplate 1 upside position is too big.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of hollow cavities 14 are vertically arranged in the lower portion of the support and protection plate 1, a drain hole 10 communicated with the bottom of the hollow cavity 14 is arranged at the lower end of the left side of the support and protection plate 1, a negative pressure tank 24 extending towards one side of the slope body 12 is arranged at the upper end of the right side of the hollow cavity 14, fourth holes 25 are arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure tank 24 and one end of the negative pressure tank facing the hollow cavity 14, the negative pressure tank 24 can introduce water contained in the slope body 12 into the hollow cavity 14 through the fourth holes 25, and broken stones 26 are filled in the negative pressure tank 24. Through the setting of hollow cavity 14 and negative pressure box 24 for ponding in the slope body 12 can get into in the negative pressure box 24 through the fourth hole 25 of negative pressure box 24 lateral wall, then filters through rubble 26 and filters out ponding behind the debris and can get into in the hollow cavity 14 from the fourth hole 25 towards hollow cavity 14 one end, and in discharging channel-section steel 3 down with water through wash port 10, avoid slope body 12 to bear great lateral pressure and cause the foundation ditch lateral wall to collapse.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a self-draining device is disposed in the hollow cavity 14, the self-draining device includes a first piston 16 and a second piston 17 which can be slidably sealed with an inner wall of the hollow cavity 14, the second piston 17 is disposed higher than the first piston 16 and is connected thereto by a plurality of connecting blocks 18 arranged at intervals, a liquid storage cavity 19 is formed by a cavity among the first piston 16, the second piston 17, the connecting blocks 18 and the inner wall of the hollow cavity 14, and a third hole 20 communicated with the liquid storage cavity 19 is disposed in the middle of the second piston 17; a baffle ring 22 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the hollow cavity 14, and the baffle ring 22 is connected with the second piston 17 through a spring 23; the self-draining device at least comprises the following two stations: a first station: the first piston 16 is arranged higher than the water discharge hole 10; and a second station: the first piston 16 is disposed lower than the water discharge hole 10. Through the arrangement of the self-drainage device and the spring 23, when the self-drainage device is in a first working position, accumulated water entering from the negative pressure tank 24 enters the liquid storage cavity 19 through the third hole 20, and because the first piston 16 is arranged higher than the drain hole 10, the accumulated water in the liquid storage cavity 19 cannot flow out at the moment, the spring 23 stretches under the action of the self-drainage device and the gravity of the accumulated water, so that the self-drainage device moves downwards, the volume of the cavity 14 above the self-drainage device is increased to generate negative pressure, the self-drainage device keeps negative pressure pumping in the downward moving process, the water in the slope body 12 is pumped into the liquid storage cavity 19 at an accelerated speed, and the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit due to the fact that the slope body 12; when the self-drainage device is at the second station, the liquid storage cavity 19 is communicated with the drain hole 10, so that accumulated water in the liquid storage cavity 19 can be drained through the drain hole 10, and the self-drainage device can reset under the action of the spring 23 after the accumulated water is drained, so that the accumulated water is automatically drained through the vertical reciprocating motion of the self-drainage device while negative-pressure water pumping is carried out; in addition, external vibration also can make from drainage device reciprocate under the effect of inertial force, and then increase suction dynamics and speed, drainage with higher speed, and external vibration energy also can be consumed in the flexible of spring 23 simultaneously, reaches absorbing purpose, improves holistic stability.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a vertically arranged pillar 15 is disposed at the bottom of the hollow cavity 14, the pillar 15 extends into the reservoir 19 through the first piston 16 and faces the third hole 20, and the pillar 15 can block the third hole 20 when the self-draining device is in the second working position, so that the reservoir 19 is no longer communicated with the hollow cavity 14 above the second piston 17. Through the setting of stand 15, on the one hand, play the operation that leads to self-draining device, avoid the dead problem of slope card that first piston 16 or second piston 17 probably appear, stand 15 can also block up third hole 20 and then make the hollow cavity 14 of stock solution chamber 19 and second piston 17 top no longer communicate when self-draining device is in station two simultaneously, avoid the external air to pass through wash port 10, stock solution chamber 19 and third hole 20 get into in the hollow cavity 14 of second piston 17 top, consequently make also can carry out the negative pressure and draw water when self-draining device is in station two, drainage with higher speed, avoid slope body 12 to bear great lateral pressure and cause the foundation ditch lateral wall to collapse.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a one-way air nozzle 9 communicated with the hollow cavity 14 is disposed on the supporting plate 1 above the retaining ring 22, and the one-way air nozzle 9 is communicated from the hollow cavity 14 to the outside of the supporting plate 1 in a one-way manner. Still have the air admission during owing to stock solution chamber 19 drainage to open and get into the hollow cavity 14 above second piston 17 along with third hole 20 in, hinder reseing of spring 23, make and become the malleation in the hollow cavity 14 above second piston 17 and hinder the drainage, consequently can be with unnecessary gas outgoing when spring 23 resets through one-way air cock 9, and then guarantee from drainage device normal work.

When the device is used, water flow on the ground surface can be blocked and collected through the upper channel steel 2, accumulated water in a foundation pit is collected through the lower channel steel 3, water can be combed and drained in time conveniently, and extra water is relieved from entering the slope body 12 to cause expansion so as to collapse the slope body 12; through the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 4, on one hand, the structural strength and the stability of the supporting and protecting plates 1 can be improved, the middle of the supporting and protecting plates 1 is prevented from arching and deforming under the action force of the slope body 12, and further the risk of instability and collapse of the slope body 12 is reduced, on the other hand, the steel wire ropes 8 can also be used for installation, the supporting and protecting plates 1 can be connected into a whole by sequentially penetrating the steel wire ropes 8 through the second holes 11 on the adjacent reinforcing ribs 4, and the steel wire ropes 8 are tensioned, so when one supporting and protecting plate 1 is subjected to external vibration and has a displacement trend, the supporting and protecting plate 1 adjacent to two sides of the supporting and protecting plate 1 can be pulled through the steel wire ropes 8, and the supporting and protecting plate 1 subjected to the external vibration is prevented from moving, so that the structural stability of the whole supporting and protecting plate 1; in addition, the steel wire rope 8 can be tensioned in time when external vibration is generated, and extrusion friction is generated between internal bundles and between wires, so that vibration energy is consumed, and a damping effect is achieved, so that the prestressed anchor 6 is prevented from generating residual deformation due to the position deviation of the supporting and protecting plate 1, the constraint of the prestressed anchor 6 on the slope body 12 is ensured, and the risk of unstable collapse of the slope body 12 is reduced; the wire ropes 8 can be connected with the reinforcing ribs 4 through the wire buckles 7, the position of each wire rope 8 is prevented from changing, the wire ropes 8 between the adjacent reinforcing ribs 4 become independent individuals, and when the wire rope 8 between the single adjacent reinforcing rib 4 loosens or breaks, the adjacent wire rope 8 cannot be loosened, so that the rest wire ropes 8 can be in a normal working state; the supporting and protecting plate 1 and the slope body 12 can be connected into a whole through the prestressed anchor rod 6, the purpose of enhancing the overall stability is achieved, meanwhile, the constraint force between the prestressed anchor rod 6 and the slope body 12 can be improved through injecting the anchoring slurry 13 into the slope body 12, and the overall stability is further improved; when the supporting and protecting plate 1 is vertically placed, when the expansion force of each layer surface of the slope body 12 is the same, the moment applied to the supporting and protecting plate 1 is larger upwards, so that the overall stability can be better improved by sequentially increasing the length of the prestressed anchor rods 6 from bottom to top, and the collapse of the slope body 12 caused by overlarge position offset of the upper side of the supporting and protecting plate 1 is avoided; through the arrangement of the hollow cavity 14 and the negative pressure box 24, accumulated water in the slope 12 can enter the negative pressure box 24 through the fourth hole 25 in the side wall of the negative pressure box 24, then the accumulated water can enter the hollow cavity 14 from the fourth hole 25 towards one end of the hollow cavity 14 after impurities are filtered out by the broken stones 26, and the water is discharged into the lower channel steel 3 through the water discharge hole 10, so that the side wall of the foundation pit is prevented from collapsing due to the fact that the slope 12 bears large lateral pressure; through the arrangement of the self-drainage device and the spring 23, when the self-drainage device is in a first working position, accumulated water entering from the negative pressure tank 24 enters the liquid storage cavity 19 through the third hole 20, and because the first piston 16 is arranged higher than the drain hole 10, the accumulated water in the liquid storage cavity 19 cannot flow out at the moment, the spring 23 stretches under the action of the self-drainage device and the gravity of the accumulated water, so that the self-drainage device moves downwards, the volume of the cavity 14 above the self-drainage device is increased to generate negative pressure, the self-drainage device keeps negative pressure pumping in the downward moving process, the water in the slope body 12 is pumped into the liquid storage cavity 19 at an accelerated speed, and the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit due to the fact that the slope body 12; when the self-drainage device is at the second station, the liquid storage cavity 19 is communicated with the drain hole 10, so that accumulated water in the liquid storage cavity 19 can be drained through the drain hole 10, and the self-drainage device can reset under the action of the spring 23 after the accumulated water is drained, so that the accumulated water is automatically drained through the vertical reciprocating motion of the self-drainage device while negative-pressure water pumping is carried out; in addition, the self-draining device can move up and down under the action of inertia force due to external vibration, so that the pumping force and speed are increased, the drainage is accelerated, and meanwhile, the external vibration energy can be consumed due to the expansion and contraction of the spring 23, so that the purpose of shock absorption is achieved, and the overall stability is improved; through the arrangement of the upright post 15, on one hand, the operation of guiding the self-drainage device is performed, the problem that the first piston 16 or the second piston 17 is possibly inclined and blocked is avoided, meanwhile, the upright post 15 can also block the third hole 20 when the self-drainage device is positioned at the second station, so that the liquid storage cavity 19 is not communicated with the hollow cavity 14 above the second piston 17, and outside air is prevented from entering the hollow cavity 14 above the second piston 17 through the drain hole 10, the liquid storage cavity 19 and the third hole 20, therefore, the self-drainage device can perform negative pressure water pumping when positioned at the second station, water drainage is accelerated, and the situation that the side wall of the foundation pit collapses due to the fact that the slope body 12 bears large lateral pressure is avoided; still have the air admission during owing to stock solution chamber 19 drainage to open and get into the hollow cavity 14 above second piston 17 along with third hole 20 in, hinder reseing of spring 23, make and become the malleation in the hollow cavity 14 above second piston 17 and hinder the drainage, consequently can be with unnecessary gas outgoing when spring 23 resets through one-way air cock 9, and then guarantee from drainage device normal work.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The safety supporting structure for civil engineering foundation pit supporting is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting and protecting plates (1), wherein an upper channel steel (2) extending towards one side of a slope body (12) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each supporting and protecting plate (1), a lower channel steel (3) extending towards one side far away from the slope body (12) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each supporting and protecting plate (1), the upper channel steel (2) and the lower channel steel (3) are both upwards opened, and drainage channels for draining water are formed at the upper end and the lower end of each supporting and protecting plate (1); reinforcing ribs (4) which are vertically arranged are arranged in the middle of the left side of the supporting and protecting plate (1), first holes (5) are formed in the reinforcing ribs (4), the first holes (5) extend rightwards and penetrate through the supporting and protecting plate (1), and prestressed anchor rods (6) extending to a slope body (12) are arranged in the first holes (5); the prestressed anchor rod (6) is in threaded connection with the first hole (5), and a grouting hole for injecting anchoring slurry (13) into a slope body (12) is formed in the prestressed anchor rod (6); the reinforcing ribs (4) are provided with a plurality of second holes (11) which are through from front to back, tensioning steel wire ropes (8) are arranged in the second holes (11), the steel wire ropes (8) sequentially penetrate through the second holes (11) in the adjacent reinforcing ribs (4) and connect the supporting plates (1) into a whole, and wire buckles (7) used for clamping the steel wire ropes (8) are fixedly arranged in the second holes (11).

2. The safety support structure for civil engineering foundation pit support according to claim 1, wherein the prestressed anchor rods (6) are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the length of the prestressed anchor rods (6) increases from bottom to top.

3. The safety support structure for civil engineering foundation pit support according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of vertically arranged hollow cavities (14) are arranged in the lower portion of the support guard plate (1), a drain hole (10) communicated with the bottom of the hollow cavity (14) is arranged at the lower end of the left side of the support guard plate (1), a negative pressure tank (24) extending towards one side of the slope body (12) is arranged at the upper end of the right side of the hollow cavity (14), fourth holes (25) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure tank (24) and one end facing the hollow cavity (14), water contained in the slope body (12) can be introduced into the hollow cavity (14) through the fourth holes (25) by the negative pressure tank (24), and broken stones (26) are filled in the negative pressure tank (24).

4. The safety support structure for civil engineering foundation pit support according to claim 3, wherein a self-drainage device is arranged in the hollow cavity (14), the self-drainage device comprises a first piston (16) and a second piston (17) which can be in sliding seal with the inner wall of the hollow cavity (14), the second piston (17) is higher than the first piston (16) and is connected with the first piston through a plurality of connecting blocks (18) which are arranged at intervals, a liquid storage cavity (19) is formed by the first piston (16), the second piston (17), the connecting blocks (18) and a cavity body between the inner walls of the hollow cavity (14), and a third hole (20) communicated with the liquid storage cavity (19) is arranged in the middle of the second piston (17); a baffle ring (22) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the hollow cavity (14), and the baffle ring (22) is connected with the second piston (17) through a spring (23); the self-draining device at least comprises the following two stations: a first station: the first piston (16) is arranged higher than the water drain hole (10); and a second station: the first piston (16) is arranged below the drain hole (10).

5. The safety support structure for civil engineering foundation pit support according to claim 4, characterized in that the bottom of the hollow cavity (14) is provided with a vertically arranged upright post (15), the upright post (15) passes through the first piston (16) and extends into the liquid storage cavity (19) and is opposite to the third hole (20), and the upright post (15) can block the third hole (20) when the self-drainage device is in the second working position, so that the liquid storage cavity (19) is not communicated with the hollow cavity (14) above the second piston (17).

6. The safety support structure for civil engineering foundation pit support according to claim 5, characterized in that a one-way air tap (9) communicated with the hollow cavity (14) is arranged on the support guard plate (1) above the baffle ring (22), and the one-way air tap (9) is communicated from the hollow cavity (14) to the outer side of the support guard plate (1) in one way.