CN112176261A - Nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112176261A CN112176261A CN201910591354.0A CN201910591354A CN112176261A CN 112176261 A CN112176261 A CN 112176261A CN 201910591354 A CN201910591354 A CN 201910591354A CN 112176261 A CN112176261 A CN 112176261A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy and a processing technology thereof, wherein the nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy comprises the following components of 25-33% of Cr, 15-22% of Co, 0.3-2.0% of Ni, 0.1-1.0% of Zr, and 42-59.6% of Fe and inevitable impurities by mass percent. The processing technology of the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy compounded with nickel and zirconium elements comprises vacuum smelting, forging, hot rolling, cold processing, mechanical processing, heat treatment and magnetic inspection. The Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnetic alloy compounded with nickel and zirconium elements provided by the embodiment of the invention greatly improves the coercive force and is beneficial to the use of the Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnetic alloy in more fields.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of road construction, in particular to a nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The Fe-Cr-Co alloy is developed by adding Co on the basis of Fe-Cr binary alloy according to the Spinodal decomposition theory, the FeCrCo alloy forms a single alpha phase in a high-temperature region, then forms alpha 1 and alpha 2 phases through Spinodal decomposition, and the subsequent tempering process increases the composition difference of the two phases, so that high magnetic performance can be obtained. Because the single alpha phase has high temperature, the mass production has certain difficulty, and therefore, the method of adding trace elements is adopted in addition to the method of rapid cooling after the solution treatment, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the production difficulty, thereby forming various alloys with different brands. The Fe-Cr-Co alloy has the greatest advantage that the Curie temperature is higher and is about 680 ℃ at Tc (Tc of alloys with different grades is slightly different), so that the service temperature of the Fe-Cr-Co alloy can reach 400 ℃, the reversible temperature coefficient is very small and is-0.0128 percent DEG C, and the Fe-Cr-Co alloy has good magnetic property stability and is suitable for high-precision components. Since the Fe-Cr-Co alloy has excellent mechanical properties and magnetic properties, it is determined to be widely used in various fields.
Because of low cobalt content, relatively high magnetic property and good processability, the Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnet alloy is already put into mass industrial production. However, the coercive force of the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy is low, so that the use of the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy in certain fields is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy and a processing technology thereof, which aim to solve the problem that the coercive force of the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy in the prior art is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnetic alloy of Fe, Cr and Co which combines Ni and Zr elements, comprising, by mass, 25-33% of Cr, 15-22% of Co, 0.3-2.0% of Ni, 0.1-1.0% of Zr, 42-59.6% of Fe and impurities.
In some embodiments, the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy compounded with nickel and zirconium elements comprises 28.5% of Cr, 18.6% of Co, 0.8% of Ni, 0.5% of Zr, 52.1% of Fe and 52.1% of impurities in percentage by mass.
In some embodiments, the nickel-zirconium composite iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy comprises the following components of 32.5% of Cr, 17.8% of Co, 0.6% of Ni, 0.1% of Zr, 49% of Fe and 49% of impurities in percentage by mass.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a processing technology of a nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy, including the following steps:
step one, vacuum smelting
According to the component requirements, putting Cr, Co, Ni, Zr and Fe into a vacuum smelting furnace, heating to 1550-;
step two, forging
Removing defects and oxide layers on the surface of the steel ingot, heating the steel ingot in a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 1-5 hours, and forging the steel ingot after the steel ingot is completely hot, wherein the finish forging temperature is more than 900 ℃;
step three, hot rolling
Placing the forged steel ingot into a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for heating for 1-4 hours, and carrying out hot rolling molding after the steel ingot is completely heated;
step four, cold working
Removing obvious defects from the material subjected to hot rolling forming in the step three, removing an oxide layer on the surface, performing cold working, keeping the temperature in a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 20-90 minutes in the cold working process, discharging the material out of the furnace, performing water cooling, and reducing the hardness of the material through annealing treatment;
step five, machining
And C, machining the cold-processed material in the step four to prepare a corresponding product, namely the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy product with the composite nickel and zirconium elements.
In some embodiments, the processing process further comprises a sixth step of heat treatment: and (3) heating the product processed in the step five in a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 20-90 minutes, cooling by water, performing solid solution treatment, performing isothermal treatment for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 630-660 ℃ under a magnetic field of 160KA/m, and performing segmented aging treatment within the temperature range of 620-540 ℃.
In some embodiments, the processing process further comprises a seventh step of magnetic inspection: and (4) carrying out saturation magnetization on the product subjected to the heat treatment in the step six according to the magnetization direction of the product, and inspecting the magnetism of the product.
In some embodiments, the method of checking the magnetism of the product includes, but is not limited to, magnetic property measurement or magnetic flux checking, and the like.
In some embodiments, the machining method in step five includes, but is not limited to, stamping, lathing, or wire cutting.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the embodiment of the invention provides a nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy and a processing technology thereof. The processing technology is simple and convenient, and the processing speed is greatly improved while less energy is consumed.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a permanent-magnet Fe-Cr-Co alloy compounded with Ni and Zr elements, which comprises the following components of 28.5% of Cr, 18.6% of Co, 0.8% of Ni, 0.5% of Zr, 52.1% of Fe and 52.1% of impurities in percentage by mass.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a nickel-zirconium composite iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy which comprises the following components, by mass, 32.5% of Cr, 17.8% of Co, 0.6% of Ni, 0.1% of Zr, 49% of Fe and 49% of impurities.
The magnetic properties of the products of examples 1 and 2 were examined and the data of the magnetic properties are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 magnetic Property data
The iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy compounded with nickel and zirconium elements provided in the embodiments 1 and 2 greatly improves the coercive force, and is beneficial to the use of the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy in more fields.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a processing technology of a nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy, which comprises the following steps:
step one, vacuum smelting
According to the component requirements, putting Cr, Co, Ni, Zr and Fe into a vacuum smelting furnace, heating to 1550-;
step two, forging
Removing defects and oxide layers on the surface of the steel ingot, heating the steel ingot in a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 1-5 hours, and forging the steel ingot after the steel ingot is completely hot, wherein the finish forging temperature is more than 900 ℃;
step three, hot rolling
Placing the forged steel ingot into a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for heating for 1-4 hours, and carrying out hot rolling molding after the steel ingot is completely heated;
step four, cold working
Removing obvious defects from the material subjected to hot rolling forming in the step three, removing an oxide layer on the surface, performing cold working, keeping the temperature in a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 20-90 minutes in the cold working process, discharging the material out of the furnace, performing water cooling, and reducing the hardness of the material through annealing treatment;
step five, machining
And C, machining the cold-processed material in the step four to prepare a corresponding product, namely the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy product with the composite nickel and zirconium elements.
Further, the processing technology further comprises the sixth step of heat treatment: and (3) heating the product processed in the step five in a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 20-90 minutes, cooling by water, performing solid solution treatment, performing isothermal treatment for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 630-660 ℃ under a magnetic field of 160KA/m, and performing segmented aging treatment within the temperature range of 620-540 ℃.
Further, the processing technology further comprises a seventh step of magnetic inspection: and (4) carrying out saturation magnetization on the product subjected to the heat treatment in the step six according to the magnetization direction of the product, and inspecting the magnetism of the product.
Further, the method for checking the magnetism of the product includes, but is not limited to, magnetic characteristic measurement or magnetic flux check.
Further, the machining method in step five includes, but is not limited to, stamping, lathing, or wire cutting.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnetic alloy compounded with Ni and Zr elements is characterized in that: comprises the following components of Cr 25-33%, Co 15-22%, Ni0.3-2.0%, Zr0.1-1.0%, Fe and 42-59.6% by mass percent.
2. The permanent-magnet alloy of Fe-Cr-Co of claim 1, wherein said alloy comprises at least one of the following elements: comprises the following components of Cr28.5 percent, Co18.6 percent, Ni0.8 percent, Zr0.5 percent, Fe and 52.1 percent of impurity by mass percent.
3. The permanent-magnet alloy of Fe-Cr-Co of claim 1, wherein said alloy comprises at least one of the following elements: comprises the following components of Cr32.5 percent, Co17.8 percent, Ni0.6 percent, Zr0.1 percent, Fe and 49 percent of impurity by mass percent.
4. A process for manufacturing a permanent-magnet alloy of iron, chromium and cobalt with composite nickel and zirconium elements according to any of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
step one, vacuum smelting
According to the component requirements, putting Cr, Co, Ni, Zr and Fe into a vacuum smelting furnace, heating to 1550-;
step two, forging
Removing defects and oxide layers on the surface of the steel ingot, heating the steel ingot in a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 1-5 hours, and forging the steel ingot after the steel ingot is completely hot, wherein the finish forging temperature is more than 900 ℃;
step three, hot rolling
Placing the forged steel ingot into a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for heating for 1-4 hours, and carrying out hot rolling molding after the steel ingot is completely heated;
step four, cold working
Removing obvious defects from the material subjected to hot rolling forming in the step three, removing an oxide layer on the surface, performing cold working, keeping the temperature in a heating furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 20-90 minutes in the cold working process, discharging the material out of the furnace, performing water cooling, and reducing the hardness of the material through annealing treatment;
step five, machining
And C, machining the cold-processed material in the step four to prepare a corresponding product, namely the iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy product with the composite nickel and zirconium elements.
5. The process of claim 4, further comprising the sixth step of heat treating: and (3) heating the product processed in the step five in a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 20-90 minutes, cooling by water, performing solid solution treatment, performing isothermal treatment for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 630-660 ℃ under a magnetic field of 160KA/m, and performing segmented aging treatment within the temperature range of 620-540 ℃.
6. The process according to claim 5, further comprising the step seven of magnetically inspecting: and (4) carrying out saturation magnetization on the product subjected to the heat treatment in the step six according to the magnetization direction of the product, and inspecting the magnetism of the product.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein: methods of testing the magnetic properties of a product include magnetic property measurement or magnetic flux testing.
8. The process of claim 4, wherein: and fifthly, the mechanical processing method comprises stamping, lathe processing or wire cutting.
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| CN201910591354.0A CN112176261A (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy and processing technology thereof |
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| CN201910591354.0A CN112176261A (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Nickel and zirconium element compounded iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy and processing technology thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11204318A (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-07-30 | Tokin Corp | Manufacture of fe-cr-co hard magnetic material |
| JP2003193207A (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-09 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | Fe-Cr-Co BASED PERMANENT MAGNET ALLOY |
| CN101285155A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-10-15 | 天津冶金集团天材科技发展有限公司 | Iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy compounding vanadium and tungsten and deformation processing technology thereof |
| CN101298647A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-11-05 | 天津冶金集团天材科技发展有限公司 | Iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy of composite microelements and deformation processing technique thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-07-02 CN CN201910591354.0A patent/CN112176261A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11204318A (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-07-30 | Tokin Corp | Manufacture of fe-cr-co hard magnetic material |
| JP2003193207A (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-09 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | Fe-Cr-Co BASED PERMANENT MAGNET ALLOY |
| CN101285155A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-10-15 | 天津冶金集团天材科技发展有限公司 | Iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy compounding vanadium and tungsten and deformation processing technology thereof |
| CN101298647A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2008-11-05 | 天津冶金集团天材科技发展有限公司 | Iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnetic alloy of composite microelements and deformation processing technique thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210105 |