CN112174640A - 一种余泥渣土的处理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种余泥渣土的处理方法,包括:采集余泥渣土破碎分解后进行研磨;在研磨过程中加入分散剂烘干,并利用模具进行压制成薄膜;对薄膜在600‑1100℃的条件下烧制至少1小时,形成陶瓷膜。通过将余泥渣土进行研磨、压制制成薄膜,并对薄膜进行烧制得到陶瓷膜,该陶瓷膜可以应用于工业污水、生活废水的过滤,重金属的去除,以及用作包装、隔热、电池等应用,使用寿命长达5‑10年,且分离效果高,机械性能强,再生效果好,抗污染,应用场景极为广泛。如此可以不必对余泥渣土进行外运或填埋就可以达到对余泥渣土的合理化利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及环保技术领域,尤其是一种余泥渣土的处理方法。
背景技术
随着我国经济水平的发展,建筑工程越来越多,其中,余泥渣土是城市基础设施建设工程和房屋建筑工程中的最主要废弃物。由于产量巨大、缺乏有效资源化处理手段,极大地占用宝贵的土地资源,制约着城市发展的高速度。2017年,79.6%的余泥渣土通过海运或者陆运的方式送往城市周边填埋,16.1%的余泥渣土由本地受纳场收纳填埋或者工地回填利用,而仅有4.3%的余泥渣土被用于资源化综合再利用生产再生建材等产品。
其中,外运受到越来各市法律和行政法规的约束较大,外运较为困难,然而由于受纳场面积较小,剩余库存不足,导致余泥渣土的资源化利用受限。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明实施例提供一种余泥渣土的处理方法,包括:
一种余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
采集余泥渣土破碎分解后进行研磨;
在研磨过程中加入分散剂烘干,并利用模具进行压制成薄膜;
对薄膜在600-1100℃的条件下烧制至少1小时,形成陶瓷膜。
进一步地,分散剂为质量比为1:3~5的酒精。
进一步地,在研磨过程中加入30~50%的成孔剂。
进一步地,成孔剂为淀粉或污泥。
进一步地,压制参数为:温度为800~1000℃,烧制时间:至少2小时,升温速率为:2~10℃/min,降温速率为2~10℃/min。
进一步地,压制参数为:温度为900℃,烧制时间:3小时,升温速率为:5℃/min,降温速率为5℃/min。
进一步地,在模具中烧制时施加压力:10~50MPa,保压时间:0.5~5分钟。
进一步地,在模具中烧制时施加压力:20MPa,保压时间:1分钟。
进一步地,对混合后的渣土进行烘干的时间为15~25分钟。
进一步地,模具直径为40毫米。
本发明实施例带来的一个有益效果是:通过将余泥渣土进行研磨、压制制成薄膜,并对薄膜进行烧制得到陶瓷膜,该陶瓷膜可以应用于工业污水、生活废水的过滤,重金属的去除,以及用作包装、隔热、电池等应用,使用寿命长达5-10年,且分离效果高,机械性能强,再生效果好,抗污染,应用场景极为广泛。如此可以不必对余泥渣土进行外运或填埋就可以达到对余泥渣土的合理化利用。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
一种余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
步骤一、采集余泥渣土破碎分解后进行研磨;
步骤二、在研磨过程中加入分散剂烘干,并利用模具进行压制成薄膜;
步骤三、对薄膜在600-1100℃的条件下烧制至少1小时,形成陶瓷膜。
进一步地,为了在研磨过程中使得余泥渣土和余泥渣土进行充分混合在研磨过程中加入质量比为1:3~5的酒精。其中,酒精可以选取浓度为99.9%的无水乙醇。优选地,在研磨过程中可以加入质量比为1:4的无水乙醇。
具体地,在研磨后的渣土中加入成孔剂使得在高温烧制时形成均匀分布的孔径。成孔剂可以选用有机成孔剂,例如,可以选择淀粉或污泥。在实际应用中,所选用的成孔剂的比例过高会导致陶瓷膜内部孔洞过大,影响陶瓷膜的机械强度,选用成孔剂的比例过低,会导致陶瓷膜内部空洞较小,不利于对污染物质的过滤。优选地,成孔剂的含量可以选用5~50%的淀粉或污泥,更优选地,成孔剂选用20~30%的污泥。
具体地,在压制陶瓷薄膜时可以选取的压制参数为:温度为600~1000℃,烧制时间:至少2小时,升温速率为:2~10℃/min,降温速率为2~10℃/min。优选地,压制参数为:温度为800℃,烧制时间:3小时,升温速率为:5℃/min,降温速率为5℃/min。在实际应用中,烧结温度需要严格控制,当温度过低时,薄膜内部的无机物质未反应完全,当温度过高时陶瓷薄膜内部会发生熔融,不仅耗能较多,机械性能也会大大降低。
进一步地,在模具中烧制时施加压力:10~50MPa,保压时间:0.5~5分钟,优选地,在模具中烧制时施加压力:20MPa,保压时间:1分钟。在实际应用中,保压时间与样品的添加量有关,例如,当样品为5g时,保压时间为1分钟。
具体地,可以对制备得到的陶瓷膜通过涂膜进行改性,还可以制备双层或三层膜,如此可以延长使用时间,增强机械强度,使成孔更加均匀。
本实施例提供的余泥渣土处理方法得到的陶瓷薄膜抗压强度可以达到15MPa。
以上所述仅是本发明的部分实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
采集余泥渣土破碎分解后进行研磨;
在研磨过程中加入分散剂烘干,并利用模具进行压制成薄膜;
对薄膜在600-1100℃的条件下烧制至少1小时,形成陶瓷膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,分散剂为质量比为1:3~5的酒精。
3.据权利要求1所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,在研磨过程中加入30~50%的成孔剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,成孔剂为淀粉或污泥。
5.根据权利要求1所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,压制参数为:温度为800~1000℃,烧制时间:至少2小时,升温速率为:2~10℃/min,降温速率为2~10℃/min。
6.根据权利要求5所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,压制参数为:温度为900℃,烧制时间:3小时,升温速率为:5℃/min,降温速率为5℃/min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,在模具中烧制时施加压力:10~50MPa,保压时间:0.5~5分钟。
8.根据权利要求7所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,在模具中烧制时施加压力:20MPa,保压时间:1分钟。
9.根据权利要求1所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,对混合后的渣土进行烘干的时间为15~25分钟。
10.根据权利要求1所述的余泥渣土的处理方法,其特征在于,模具直径为40毫米。
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CN114956784A (zh) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-30 | 南方科技大学 | 陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
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CN110577405A (zh) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-12-17 | 南方科技大学 | 双层陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
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CN114956784A (zh) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-30 | 南方科技大学 | 陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
CN114956784B (zh) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-12-01 | 南方科技大学 | 陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
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