CN112174302A - Novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in upward flow - Google Patents
Novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in upward flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN112174302A CN112174302A CN202011135320.XA CN202011135320A CN112174302A CN 112174302 A CN112174302 A CN 112174302A CN 202011135320 A CN202011135320 A CN 202011135320A CN 112174302 A CN112174302 A CN 112174302A
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VTEIFHQUZWABDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COC(CN)C1=CC(OC)=C(C)C=C1OC VTEIFHQUZWABDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in an upward flow manner; the novel biological aerated filter is sequentially arranged into a water distribution gallery, a backwashing air distribution pipe, T-shaped filter bricks, a single-hole membrane aerator, a filter bed supporting layer, a filter bed filter material layer and a perforated sludge discharge pipe from bottom to top; the perforated sludge discharge pipe is positioned in a water distribution gallery, the backwashing gas distribution pipe is positioned in the inner cavity of the T-shaped filter brick, and the water distribution gallery is positioned at the bottom of the filter body of the filter. The biological filter adopts the specially-made filter bricks to distribute water, air and water in the same direction and flow upwards, backwashing water distribution and air distribution are more uniform without blockage, and the filter bricks have no easily-damaged parts and do not need maintenance and replacement; the water distribution gallery is provided with a perforated sludge discharge pipe and a slope, the sludge discharge pipe is connected with a backwashing air branch pipe, and washing and sludge discharge are carried out regularly, so that the problem of sludge accumulation possibly existing in the bottom of the water distribution gallery and the filter due to long-time operation is solved; the upward flow filtration continuously provides a positive pressure condition on the whole height of the filter tank, air and water flow are in the same direction, and fluid is completely and uniformly distributed, so that the biomass is greatly improved, the number and activity of dominant organisms are improved, and the function of removing pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, organic compounds and the like is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in an upward flow manner.
Background
The aeration biological filter is a sewage treatment process developed on the basis of a common biological filter in the late 80 s by taking the water feed filter process as a reference, and can be used for secondary and tertiary treatment of sewage, particularly reclaimed water reuse treatment. The process integrates biological oxidation and suspended solid interception, and saves a subsequent secondary sedimentation tank; has the function of removing pollutants such as SS, COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like; the method is greatly developed in the early 90 s, and the scale can reach dozens of million tons per day.
The water distribution system and the backwashing air distribution system of the biological aerated filter in the prior art are realized by a water distribution chamber at the lowest part of the filter, a filter plate and a water distribution long-handle filter head fixed on the filter plate. The sewage entering the filter tank is uniformly mixed in the water distribution chamber and uniformly flows into the filter layer through the filter heads on the filter plate; when the air and water are washed together, the filter head also has the function of distributing air uniformly. The system is easy to have the following problems in construction and operation:
1. the civil engineering and the installation construction are complex. The manufacturing and mounting precision requirements of the filter plate and the filter beam are very high (the horizontal error in the single-lattice filter is not more than 5 mm), and the filter plate and the filter beam are difficult to reach by common civil engineering units and need to be produced by special steel moulds by professional manufacturers.
2. The filter head is easy to be damaged or blocked during operation, and is inconvenient to inspect and maintain. The biological aerated filter usually adopts a small-resistance water distribution system (a long-handle filter head), domestic sewage enters water from the lower part of a filter plate, the water contains more suspended matters, particularly plastic film fragments, the harm to the filter head is great, the damage or the blockage of the filter head is difficult to avoid after long-term operation, and the filter head is difficult to clean and inconvenient to inspect and maintain once the filter head is generated.
3. The water distribution chamber has larger volume. The water distribution chamber below the filter plate has a height of more than 1 meter, is used for installing the filter plate and the filter head and daily inspection and maintenance, has larger volume and belongs to invalid volume.
4. If the aeration biological filter adopts filter bricks to distribute water and gas and adopts upward flow, sewage enters from the bottom and is not filtered by the filter bed, if a water distribution gallery is not washed and drained of mud, mud can be accumulated after long-time operation, and if dredging and maintenance are required, the filter bricks, filter materials, an aeration system and the like in the filter tank need to be emptied because no maintenance space is arranged below the filter bricks, so that the aeration biological filter is basically infeasible.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects, the invention provides a novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in an upward flow manner; the biological filter adopts the specially-made filter bricks to distribute water, air and water in the same direction and flow upwards, backwashing water distribution and air distribution are more uniform without blockage, and the filter bricks have no easily-damaged parts and do not need maintenance and replacement; a perforated sludge discharge pipe is arranged in the water distribution gallery and is connected with a backwashing air branch pipe, sludge discharge and backwashing are carried out regularly, and the injection of backwashing air also provides oxygen required by microorganisms for the filter chamber and is beneficial to aerobic decomposition of organic matters; the upward flow filtration continuously provides a positive pressure condition on the whole height of the filter tank, air and water flow are in the same direction, and fluid is completely and uniformly distributed, so that the biomass is greatly improved, the number and activity of dominant organisms are improved, and the function of removing pollutants such as organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and the like is enhanced.
The invention is realized in such a way, and provides a novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in upward flow, which is characterized in that: the novel biological aerated filter is sequentially arranged into a water distribution gallery, a perforated sludge discharge pipe, a backwashing air distribution pipe, T-shaped filter bricks, a single-hole membrane aerator, a filter bed supporting layer and a filter bed filter material layer from bottom to top, and the upper part of a filter body of the filter is provided with a water outlet system; the perforated sludge discharge pipe is positioned in the water distribution gallery, the T-shaped filter brick is provided with an inner cavity, and the backwashing gas distribution pipe is positioned in the inner cavity of the T-shaped filter brick; the water distribution gallery is positioned at the bottom of the filter pool body, the T-shaped filter brick, the filter bed supporting layer, the filter bed filter material layer and the single-hole membrane aerator are positioned in the filter pool body, sewage enters the water distribution gallery from different side surfaces to the lower part of the T-shaped filter brick through the sewage inlet pipe and the backwashing pipe, the filter bed supporting layer and the filter bed filter material layer correspond to the upper parts of the filter bricks, the single-hole membrane aerator is arranged between the filter bed supporting layer and the filter bed filter material layer and is communicated with the aeration air pipe, and the water outlet system is arranged above the filter pool body; when the novel biological aerated filter operates normally, sewage enters a water distribution gallery to the lower part of a T-shaped filter brick, enters a filter bed supporting layer and a filter bed filter material layer after being distributed by the T-shaped filter brick, microorganisms carry out aerobic decomposition, nitrification and denitrification reactions in the filter bed to remove pollutants such as organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and the like, and simultaneously remove pollutants such as SS and the like through the sewage interception function of the filter material, and purified water enters a water outlet system and flows into a subsequent treatment facility; an aeration system is arranged at the lower part of the filter bed, and comprises a gas distribution pipe and a single-hole membrane aerator which provides oxygen required by the aerobic decomposition and nitration of microorganisms.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that: the operation mode is as follows; (1) in normal production: sewage enters a water distribution gallery to the lower part of a T-shaped filter brick, enters a filter bed supporting layer and a filter bed filter material layer after being distributed by the T-shaped filter brick, microorganisms carry out aerobic decomposition, nitrification and denitrification reactions in the filter bed to remove pollutants such as organic matters and ammonia nitrogen, and simultaneously remove pollutants such as SS through the sewage interception function of the filter material, and purified water enters an effluent system and flows into a subsequent treatment facility; an aeration system is arranged at the lower part of the filter bed, and comprises a gas distribution pipe and a single-hole membrane aerator for providing oxygen required by the aerobic decomposition and nitration of microorganisms;
(2) the aeration biological filter tank needs to be periodically back flushed by adopting a gas-water combined flushing mode; in order to ensure the even water distribution and gas distribution, the bottom of the filter tank is provided with a gas distribution pipe and filter bricks, and the gas-water backwashing process comprises the following steps:
a. independent air washing: after 3min, connecting a backwashing air pipe with each air branch pipe at the bottom of the filter tank, wherein the air branch pipes are provided with air holes and are distributed below the filter bricks at the bottom, and performing air blasting after air distribution through the filter bricks;
b. backwashing by air water at the same time: after 15min, connecting a backwashing water pipe with a water inlet pipe of the filter, closing a valve on a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the filter during backwashing, opening a valve from the backwashing water pipe to the filter, and enabling backwashing water to enter a water distribution gallery at the bottom of the filter, wherein air and water are simultaneously backwashed;
c. the water is used alone for 5 min. At the moment, the valve on the back washing air pipe is closed, and back washing is carried out only by water.
d. Regularly opening a quick-opening mud valve on the perforated mud pipe to discharge mud; and opening a valve on the backwashing air branch pipe during independent air washing at regular intervals or when sludge discharge is not smooth, carrying out air washing on the perforated sludge discharge pipe for 1.5min, and then opening a quick-opening sludge discharge valve to discharge sludge.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that: an upward flow filter chamber with the same direction of air and water is adopted.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that: and a perforated sludge discharge pipe is arranged in the water distribution gallery, the accumulated sludge at the bottom is periodically discharged, the perforated sludge discharge pipe is connected with a backwashing air branch pipe, and air washing is carried out periodically or when the sludge discharge is not smooth.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that: when the normal water inlet mode is operated for 1-2 days or the liquid level value exceeds a set value, starting a back washing mode, and adopting a gas-water combined washing mode; namely: independent air washing, air-water simultaneous backwashing and independent water washing, water distribution and air distribution of backwashing are all completed by the T-shaped filter bricks, backwashing air distribution pipes are positioned in arch-shaped pipe holes of the filter bricks, backwashing air enters the interior of the filter bricks, an air circulation chamber is formed in the interior of the filter bricks, and secondary air distribution during backwashing makes air and water fully mixed and then forcibly sprayed out from gaps between adjacent filter bricks.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that: the process aeration and the back-washing gas distribution system are separately arranged, the process aeration adopts a single-hole membrane air aerator to distribute gas, the back-washing adopts T-shaped filter bricks to distribute gas, and the filter bricks are made of HDPE materials.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that: the T-shaped filter brick is used for water distribution when the filter tank normally operates and also used for water distribution when the filter tank is periodically back flushed.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks in the upward flow is characterized in that:
the biological aerated filter comprises: sewage enters a bottom water distribution gallery for water distribution through a water inlet pipeline connected with the water distribution channel, the width of the water distribution gallery is not more than 500mm, and a slope water inlet end with the gradient of not more than 3% is arranged;
the biological aerated filter comprises: after the sewage is primarily distributed in the water distribution gallery, the sewage is distributed by the T-shaped filter bricks and flows upwards through the filter bed; the filter brick is made of HDPE material, and the width of the filter brick is not more than 280 mm;
the biological aerated filter comprises: a bearing layer is arranged between the filter brick and the filter material, and the bearing layer is a pebble layer with the thickness of 350 mm;
the biological aerated filter comprises: a filter material layer is arranged on the bearing layer, and the filter material layer is a ceramsite filter material with the thickness not less than 3000 mm;
the biological aerated filter comprises: a single-hole membrane aerator is arranged on the lower part of the filter material layer and the filter bricks to provide oxygen required by normal operation;
the biological aerated filter comprises: the area of the single-lattice filter pool is not more than 100m2。
The invention has the following advantages: the aeration biological filter of the invention uses T-shaped filter bricks to replace a filter head, a filter plate and a support beam thereof; and a perforated sludge discharge pipe is arranged in the water distribution gallery and is connected with the backwashing air branch pipe. Its main advantage is:
the water distribution and gas distribution adopt T-shaped filter bricks, and a pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant twice water distribution structure is adopted, so that backwashing water distribution and gas distribution are more uniform.
The backwashing air distribution pipe is arranged in the middle of the filter brick, backwashing air enters the inside of the filter brick, an air circulation chamber is formed in the filter brick, secondary air distribution during backwashing is realized, air and water are fully mixed and then are forcibly sprayed out from the gap between adjacent filter bricks, the air-water mixture gas sprayed out from the gap between the filter bricks overflows before the water due to the fact that the gas density is smaller than that of the water, backwashing air is continuously compensated, the air and the water are more uniformly distributed in the whole filter pool area, and the purpose that the backwashing air-water distribution is uniform is achieved.
The installation is convenient: because the arch-shaped pipe holes are formed at the bottom of the T-shaped filter bricks, an overhead layer does not need to be poured additionally, only a bottom water distribution gallery needs to be arranged, the filter bricks are directly paved at the bottom of the pool, and a filter beam does not need to be prefabricated and anchoring is not needed;
the structure is firm: the filter bricks adopt the tenon-and-mortise structure of Chinese carpenters, and the connection is stable and reliable; the filter brick shell is made of HDPE materials, the theoretical service life can reach 50 years, and the filter brick can be replaced without maintenance midway.
Because there is no maintenance space under the filter brick, if the water distribution gallery and the bottom of the filter pool accumulate mud, the dredging is very difficult, and the perforated mud pipe is arranged, the quick-opening mud valve on the perforated mud pipe can be opened periodically to discharge mud; and (3) opening a valve on the backwashing air branch pipe during independent air washing at regular intervals or when sludge discharge is not smooth, carrying out air washing on the perforated sludge discharge pipe for 1.5min, and then opening a quick-opening sludge discharge valve to discharge sludge, so that the problem of clogging at the bottom of the filter tank is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a novel biological aerated filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the positions of the T-shaped filter bricks 2 and the backwash air-distributing pipe 6 in the present invention.
Wherein: the filter comprises a water distribution gallery 1, T-shaped filter bricks 2, a filter bed supporting layer 3, a filter bed filter material layer 4, a single-hole membrane aerator 5, a backwashing gas distribution pipe 6, a filter tank body 7 and a perforated mud pipe 8.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-2, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in an upward flow manner, which can be implemented as follows as shown in figure 1; the novel biological aerated filter is sequentially arranged into a water distribution gallery 1, a perforated sludge discharge pipe 8, a backwashing gas distribution pipe 6, a T-shaped filter brick 2, a single-hole membrane aerator 5, a filter bed supporting layer 3 and a filter bed filter material layer 4 from bottom to top, and the upper part of a filter body 7 of the filter is provided with a water outlet system; the perforated sludge discharge pipe 8 is positioned in the water distribution gallery 1, the T-shaped filter brick 2 is provided with an inner cavity, and the backwashing gas distribution pipe 6 is positioned in the inner cavity of the T-shaped filter brick 2; the water distribution gallery 1 is positioned at the bottom of the filter tank body 7, the T-shaped filter bricks 2, the filter bed supporting layer 3, the filter bed filter material layer 4 and the single-hole membrane aerator 5 are positioned in the filter tank body 7, a sewage inlet pipe and a backwashing pipe enter the water distribution gallery 1 to the lower part of the T-shaped filter bricks 2 from different sides, the filter bed supporting layer 3 and the filter bed filter material layer 4 correspond to the upper parts of the filter bricks 2, the single-hole membrane aerator 5 is arranged between the filter bricks 2 and the backwashing pipe, the single-hole membrane aerator 5 is communicated with an aeration air pipe, and a water outlet system is arranged above the filter tank body 7; when the novel biological aerated filter operates normally, sewage enters the lower parts of the water distribution galleries 1 and the T-shaped filter bricks 2, enters the filter bed supporting layer 3 and the filter bed filter material layer 4 after being distributed with water by the T-shaped filter bricks 2, microorganisms carry out aerobic decomposition, nitrification and denitrification reactions in the filter bed to remove pollutants such as organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and the like, and simultaneously remove pollutants such as SS and the like by the sewage interception function of the filter material, and purified water enters the water outlet system and flows into a subsequent treatment facility; an aeration system is arranged at the lower part of the filter bed, and comprises a gas distribution pipe and a single-hole membrane aerator 5, so as to provide oxygen required by the aerobic decomposition and nitration of the microorganisms.
The novel biological aerated filter adopting the filter bricks for upward flow has the following operation mode;
(1) in normal production: sewage enters the water distribution gallery 1 to the lower part of the T-shaped filter brick 2, enters the filter bed supporting layer 3 and the filter bed filter material layer 4 after being distributed by the T-shaped filter brick 2, microorganisms carry out aerobic decomposition, nitrification and denitrification reactions in the filter bed to remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and other pollutants, and simultaneously remove SS and other pollutants through the sewage interception function of the filter material, and purified water enters the water outlet system and flows into a subsequent treatment facility; an aeration system is arranged at the lower part of the filter bed, and comprises a gas distribution pipe and a single-hole membrane aerator 5, so as to provide oxygen required by the aerobic decomposition and nitration of microorganisms;
(2) the aeration biological filter tank needs to be periodically back flushed by adopting a gas-water combined flushing mode; in order to ensure the even water distribution and gas distribution, the bottom of the filter tank is provided with a gas distribution pipe and filter bricks, and the gas-water backwashing process comprises the following steps:
a. independent air washing: after 3min, connecting a backwashing air pipe with each air branch pipe at the bottom of the filter tank, wherein the air branch pipes are provided with air holes and are distributed below the filter bricks at the bottom, and performing air blasting after air distribution through the filter bricks;
b. backwashing by air water at the same time: after 15min, connecting a backwashing water pipe with a water inlet pipe of the filter, closing a valve on a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the filter during backwashing, opening a valve from the backwashing water pipe to the filter, and enabling backwashing water to enter a water distribution gallery at the bottom of the filter, wherein air and water are simultaneously backwashed;
c. the water is used alone for 5 min. At the moment, the valve on the back washing air pipe is closed, and back washing is carried out only by water.
d. Regularly opening a quick-opening mud valve on the perforated mud pipe to discharge mud; and opening a valve on the backwashing air branch pipe during independent air washing at regular intervals or when sludge discharge is not smooth, carrying out air washing on the perforated sludge discharge pipe for 1.5min, and then opening a quick-opening sludge discharge valve to discharge sludge.
When the invention is implemented;
1) the biological aerated filter comprises: sewage enters a bottom water distribution gallery for water distribution through a water inlet pipeline connected with the water distribution channel, the width of the water distribution gallery is not more than 500mm, and a slope-direction backwashing water inlet end with the gradient of not more than 3 percent is arranged;
2) the biological aerated filter comprises: after the sewage is primarily distributed in the water distribution gallery, the sewage is distributed by the T-shaped filter bricks and flows upwards through the filter bed. The filter brick is made of HDPE material, and the width of the filter brick is not more than 280 mm;
3) the biological aerated filter comprises: a bearing layer is arranged between the filter brick and the filter material, and the bearing layer is a pebble layer with the thickness of 350 mm.
4) The biological aerated filter comprises: and a filter material layer is arranged on the bearing layer, and the filter material layer is a ceramsite filter material with the thickness not less than 3500 mm.
5) The biological aerated filter comprises: a single-hole membrane aerator is arranged on the lower part of the filter material layer and the filter bricks to provide oxygen required by normal operation.
6) The biological aerated filter comprises: and a perforated sludge discharge pipe is arranged in the water distribution gallery and is connected with the back flush air branch pipe.
7) The biological aerated filter comprises: and starting the back washing mode when the normal water inlet mode runs for 1-2 days or the liquid level value exceeds a set value. Adopting air-water combined backwashing, namely: independent air washing, air-water simultaneous backwashing and independent water washing, water distribution and air distribution of backwashing are all completed by the T-shaped filter bricks, backwashing air distribution pipes are positioned in arch-shaped pipe holes of the filter bricks, backwashing air enters the interior of the filter bricks, an air circulation chamber is formed in the interior of the filter bricks, and secondary air distribution during backwashing makes air and water fully mixed and then forcibly sprayed out from gaps between adjacent filter bricks.
8) The biological aerated filter comprises: the area of the single-lattice filter pool is not more than 100m2。
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A novel biological aerated filter adopting filter bricks in upward flow is characterized in that: the novel biological aerated filter is sequentially arranged into a water distribution gallery (1), a perforated sludge discharge pipe (8), a backwashing gas distribution pipe (6), a T-shaped filter brick (2), a single-hole membrane aerator (5), a filter bed supporting layer (3) and a filter bed filter material layer (4) from bottom to top; the upper part of the filter tank body (7) is provided with a water outlet system; the perforated sludge discharge pipe (8) is positioned in the water distribution gallery (1); the T-shaped filter brick (2) is provided with an inner cavity, and the backwashing gas distribution pipe (6) is positioned in the inner cavity of the T-shaped filter brick (2); the water distribution gallery (1) is located at the bottom of the filter tank body (7), the T-shaped filter bricks (2), the filter bed bearing layer (3), the filter bed filter material layer (4) and the single-hole membrane aerator (5) are located in the filter tank body (7), the sewage inlet pipe and the backwashing pipe enter the water distribution gallery (1) to the lower part of the T-shaped filter bricks (2) from different sides, the filter bed bearing layer (3), the filter bed filter material layer (4) corresponds to the upper part of the filter bricks (2), the single-hole membrane aerator (5) is arranged between the filter bed bearing layer and the filter bed filter material layer, the single-hole membrane aerator (5) is communicated with the aeration air pipe, and the water outlet system is arranged above the filter tank body (7).
2. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein: the operation mode is as follows; (1) in normal production: sewage enters a water distribution gallery (1) to the lower part of a T-shaped filter brick (2), enters a filter bed supporting layer (3) and a filter bed filter material layer (4) after being distributed by the T-shaped filter brick (2), microorganisms carry out aerobic decomposition, nitrification and denitrification reactions in the filter bed to remove pollutants such as organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and the like, and simultaneously remove pollutants such as SS and the like through the sewage interception function of the filter material, and purified water enters an effluent system and flows into a subsequent treatment facility; an aeration system is arranged at the lower part of the filter bed, and comprises a gas distribution pipe and a single-hole membrane aerator (5) for providing oxygen required by the aerobic decomposition and nitration of microorganisms;
(2) the aeration biological filter tank needs to be periodically back flushed by adopting a gas-water combined flushing mode; in order to ensure the even water distribution and gas distribution, the bottom of the filter tank is provided with a gas distribution pipe and filter bricks, and the gas-water backwashing process comprises the following steps:
a. independent air washing: after 3min, connecting a backwashing air pipe with each air branch pipe at the bottom of the filter tank, wherein the air branch pipes are provided with air holes and are distributed below the filter bricks at the bottom, and performing air blasting after air distribution through the filter bricks;
b. backwashing by air water at the same time: after 15min, connecting a backwashing water pipe with a water inlet pipe of the filter, closing a valve on a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the filter during backwashing, opening a valve from the backwashing water pipe to the filter, and enabling backwashing water to enter a water distribution gallery at the bottom of the filter, wherein air and water are simultaneously backwashed;
c. washing with water for 5 min; at the moment, a valve on the backwashing air pipe is closed, and backwashing is carried out only by using water;
d. regularly opening a quick-opening mud valve on the perforated mud pipe to discharge mud; and opening a valve on the backwashing air branch pipe during independent air washing at regular intervals or when sludge discharge is not smooth, carrying out air washing on the perforated sludge discharge pipe for 1.5min, and then opening a quick-opening sludge discharge valve to discharge sludge.
3. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein: an upward flow filter chamber with the same direction of air and water is adopted.
4. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein: and a perforated sludge discharge pipe is arranged in the water distribution gallery, the accumulated sludge at the bottom is periodically discharged, the perforated sludge discharge pipe is connected with a backwashing air branch pipe, and air washing is carried out periodically or when the sludge discharge is not smooth.
5. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein: when the normal water inlet mode is operated for 1-2 days or the liquid level value exceeds a set value, starting a back washing mode, and adopting a gas-water combined washing mode; namely: independent air washing, air-water simultaneous backwashing and independent water washing, water distribution and air distribution of backwashing are all completed by the T-shaped filter bricks, backwashing air distribution pipes are positioned in arch-shaped pipe holes of the filter bricks, backwashing air enters the interior of the filter bricks, an air circulation chamber is formed in the interior of the filter bricks, and secondary air distribution during backwashing makes air and water fully mixed and then forcibly sprayed out from gaps between adjacent filter bricks.
6. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein: the process aeration and the back-washing gas distribution system are separately arranged, the process aeration adopts a single-hole membrane air aerator to distribute gas, the back-washing adopts T-shaped filter bricks to distribute gas, and the filter bricks are made of HDPE materials.
7. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein: the T-shaped filter brick is used for water distribution when the filter tank normally operates and also used for water distribution when the filter tank is periodically back flushed.
8. A novel biological aerated filter with upward flow filter bricks according to claim 1, wherein:
the biological aerated filter comprises: sewage enters a bottom water distribution gallery for water distribution through a water inlet pipeline connected with the water distribution channel, the width of the water distribution gallery (1) is not more than 500mm, and a water inlet end of a slope-direction backwashing water pipe with the gradient not more than 3 percent is arranged;
the biological aerated filter comprises: after the sewage is primarily distributed in the water distribution gallery, the sewage is distributed by the T-shaped filter bricks and flows upwards through the filter bed; the filter brick (2) is made of HDPE material, and the width of the filter brick is not more than 280 mm;
the biological aerated filter comprises: a bearing layer is arranged between the filter brick and the filter material, and the bearing layer is a pebble layer with the thickness of 350 mm;
the biological aerated filter comprises: a filter material layer is arranged on the bearing layer, and the filter material layer is a ceramsite filter material with the thickness not less than 3000 mm;
the biological aerated filter comprises: a single-hole membrane aerator (5) is arranged on the lower part of the filter material layer and the filter bricks (2) to provide oxygen required by normal operation;
the biological aerated filter comprises: the area of the single-lattice filter pool is not more than 100m2。
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| CN113800718A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-17 | 杭州民安环境工程有限公司 | High-efficient biological filter integrated device |
| CN114349155A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-15 | 苏州市苏创环境科技发展有限公司 | Biological filter equipment and backwashing process thereof |
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