CN112172414A

CN112172414A - Composite material, airless tire with composite material and assembling method of airless tire

Info

Publication number: CN112172414A
Application number: CN202011022967.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏文俊; 余承阳; 夏阳俊
Original assignee: Zhejiang Peiyi Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Peiyi Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-25
Publication date: 2021-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-25
Also published as: CN112172414B

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite material, an airless tire with the composite material and an assembly method of the airless tire, wherein the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: carbon fiber: 1-5%, graphite powder: 0.5-3%, catalyst NaOH solid: 0.1-1%, cocatalyst acetyl caprolactam: 0.1-1% and the balance caprolactam. The airless tire comprises a tire tread, an inner hub and an outer rim, wherein the tire tread is sleeved on the outer rim, the inner hub is connected with the outer rim through a spoke plate distributed along the circumferential direction, and the outer rim is made of the composite material. The composite material has mechanical strength, impact resistance, toughness and weight far superior to those of the traditional aluminum alloy and strip steel; the airless tire which is formed by assembling the inner hub, the outer rim and the wheel disc made of the composite material and combining the rubber tire tread has better buffering performance.

Description

Composite material, airless tire with composite material and assembling method of airless tire

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tires, in particular to a composite material, an airless tire with the composite material and an assembling method of the airless tire.

Background

A tire is a ground-rolling circular ring-shaped elastic rubber article mounted on various vehicles or machines. Generally mounted on a metal rim, and is capable of supporting a vehicle body, buffering external impact, achieving contact with a road surface and ensuring the driving performance of a vehicle. Tires are often used under complex and severe conditions, which are subjected to various deformations, loads, forces and high and low temperature effects during running, and therefore must have high load-bearing, traction and cushioning properties. At the same time, high abrasion resistance and flexibility resistance, and low rolling resistance and heat build-up are also required.

At present, most tires used on vehicles are pneumatic tires, and the pneumatic tires keep the shape of the tires and obtain the buffer performance by filling compressed air into a closed space, but the shape of the original tires is difficult to keep when the pneumatic tires are punctured or torn by sharp objects, so that the driving safety of the vehicles is affected, and in addition, the pneumatic tires also have the risk of tire burst, and particularly once the tires of the vehicles running on a highway at a high speed are burst, serious traffic accidents can be caused.

In order to solve the problem, the existing airless tire is gradually researched and developed to ask the market, is a tire which does not depend on air to realize supporting force, does not need to be inflated and is not afraid of puncture, thereby fundamentally solving the problem of tire burst and saving a large amount of rubber materials. For example, patent application publication No. CN 110091669A: the utility model provides a good no pneumatic tire of buffering shock attenuation performance, is provided with the spoke board that circumference distributes between the inside and outside rim in this no pneumatic tire, and outer rim, spoke board in this patent all adopt steel to make, and interior rim and wheel hub adopt aluminum alloy integral type shaping, and this kind of no pneumatic tire who adopts metal material to make discovers still has following shortcoming in the use test: the whole tire is heavy, so that the weight of the whole vehicle is increased, the oil consumption is increased or the battery endurance is reduced; the mechanical vibration is large, and the riding comfort is reduced; after the tire is deformed by pressure, the restorability is insufficient. Accordingly, there is a need for improvements and optimizations to existing non-pneumatic tires.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to providing a composite material suitable for use in making an airless tire, an airless tire having the composite material, and a method of assembling the same.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a composite material characterized by: the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: carbon fiber: 1-5%, graphite powder: 0.5-3%, catalyst NaOH solid: 0.1-1%, cocatalyst acetyl caprolactam: 0.1-1% and the balance caprolactam.

The invention also provides an airless tire, which comprises a tire tread, an inner hub and an outer rim, wherein the tire tread is sleeved on the outer rim, the inner hub is connected with the outer rim through a spoke plate distributed along the circumferential direction, and the airless tire is characterized in that: the outer wheel ring is made of the composite material.

Preferably, the inner hub and the wheel disc are also made of the composite material.

Preferably, the inner hub is made of the composite material; the wheel spoke plate is made of spring steel sheets with yield strength higher than 850 Mpa.

Preferably, the spoke plate comprises a spoke plate main body with a circular arc-shaped cross section, and hook structures are integrally formed and connected with two ends of the spoke plate main body; and positioning grooves for clamping hook structures are arranged on the outer side of the inner hub and the inner side of the outer ring.

Preferably, the hook structure is connected with the end part of the spoke plate main body through a first transition arc and a second transition arc; one end of the first transition arc is connected with the end part of the spoke plate main body, the other end of the first transition arc is connected with one end of the second transition arc, and the other end of the second transition arc is connected with one end of the hook structure; the convex directions of the first transition circular arc and the second transition circular arc are opposite to each other.

Preferably, the spoke plate comprises a spoke plate main body with an S-shaped cross section, and hook structures are integrally formed and connected with two ends of the spoke plate main body; positioning grooves for clamping hook structures are formed in the outer side of the inner hub and the inner side of the outer ring;

or the spoke plate comprises a spoke plate main body with a cross section in a shape like the Chinese character '3', and hook structures are integrally formed and connected with the two ends of the spoke plate main body; and positioning grooves for clamping hook structures are arranged on the outer side of the inner hub and the inner side of the outer ring.

Preferably, the inner hub, the spoke plate and the outer rim are integrally formed through casting, and the cross section of the spoke plate is in one of a circular arc shape, an S shape or a 3 shape.

Preferably, the tire tread is a rubber tread.

The invention also provides an assembly method of the airless tire, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: firstly, at least manufacturing an outer wheel ring by using the composite material and adopting a casting production process of a vacuum method or a nitrogen method; then, the inner hub, the outer ring and the spoke plate are assembled together and then placed in liquid nitrogen with the temperature of-30 ℃ for low-temperature cooling for a period of time, so that the outer ring is at least reduced in volume under the action of low temperature; and finally, taking out the inner hub, the outer wheel ring and the wheel spoke which are cooled and assembled together, sleeving the tire tread on the outer wheel ring by matching an adhesive, then placing the outer wheel ring in a normal temperature environment, gradually increasing the volume of the outer wheel ring for restoration, and tensioning the outer wheel ring in the process of increasing the restoration to firmly sleeve the tire tread on the outer wheel ring.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

1. the composite material has mechanical strength, impact resistance, toughness and weight far superior to those of the traditional aluminum alloy and strip steel;

2. the composite material can make the engineering plastic become black, prevent the original color of the material from yellowing, and has stronger mechanical strength, toughness and impact resistance which are perfectly combined with the requirements of the integral tire hub;

3. the inner hub, the outer rim and the spoke plate which are made of the composite material are assembled together, and the buffer performance of the airless tire which is made by combining the tread of the rubber tire is more excellent;

4. the assembling method of the airless tire is simpler, the assembling of the airless tire adopts the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, and the tire tread can be firmly sleeved on the outer rim by matching with an adhesive;

5. in the structural design of the wheel spoke plate, the joint of the hook structure and the wheel spoke plate main body is improved, a connection mode of two transition arcs is adopted, the protruding directions of the two transition arcs are opposite to each other, when a tire is pressed, the acting forces of the joint of the hook structure and the wheel spoke plate main body can be mutually offset, and therefore the service life of the wheel spoke plate and the recovery capability after pressure unloading are greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an airless tire according to example 2 of the present invention (with the spokes oriented in the same manner).

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the structure of an airless tire according to example 2 of the present invention (each adjacent two of the spokes are arranged symmetrically with respect to the radial centerline therebetween).

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a wheel disc in embodiment 2 of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a further embodiment employing a 3-shaped wheel web.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a construction in which a "S" shaped wheel web is used in other embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of an airless tire according to example 3 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: the tire tread 1, the inner hub 2, the outer rim 4, the wheel web 3, the web body 31, the hook structure 32, the first transition arc 33, the second transition arc 34.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1.

The embodiment 1 discloses a composite material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: carbon fiber: 1-5%, graphite powder: 0.5-3%, catalyst NaOH solid: 0.1-1%, cocatalyst acetyl caprolactam: 0.1-1% and the balance caprolactam.

Example 2.

See fig. 1-3.

In this embodiment 2, an airless tire is disclosed, which comprises a tire tread 1, an inner hub 2 and an outer rim 4. The tire tread 1 is made of rubber, and is sleeved on the outer rim 4. The inner hub 2 is connected to an outer rim 4 via circumferentially distributed spokes 3. The outer rim 4 was made of the composite material described in example 1, and the mechanical strength, impact resistance, toughness and weight of the outer rim made of the composite material were superior to those of the steel strip.

In addition, the inner hub 2 is made of the traditional aluminum material or the composite material described in the embodiment 1, and the actual production test shows that the performance of the inner hub 2 made of the composite material is better than that of the aluminum material, and the subsequent assembly of the inner hub made of the composite material is more convenient, so that in the embodiment 2, the inner hub 2 is also made of the composite material described in the embodiment 1.

In this embodiment 2, the spoke plate 3 is made of a spring steel sheet, and can elastically deform when subjected to radial pressure and recover when the pressure is relieved, and it is found through simulation experiments that, when the deformation of the spoke plate 3 reaches 20%, the spoke plate does not deform plastically, and can recover to the original shape after pressure is relieved, so that the yield strength of the spoke plate is higher than 850 Mpa.

In this embodiment 2, the wheel spoke 3 includes a spoke main body 31 with a circular arc-shaped cross section, and hook structures 32 are integrally formed and connected to two ends of the spoke main body 31; the outer side of the inner hub 2 and the inner side of the outer rim 4 are provided with locating slots for engaging the hook formations 32. The wheel disc 3 is arranged in two ways: one is that the spokes are arranged in the same direction, see fig. 1; the other is that every two adjacent spokes are symmetrically arranged about a radial centerline therebetween, see fig. 2.

Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the web body 31 may be designed to be "S" shaped, "3" shaped, etc., as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

In the present embodiment 2, the hook structure 32 is connected to the end of the web main body 31 through the first transition circular arc 33 and the second transition circular arc 34. One end of the first transition arc 33 is connected with the end of the spoke plate main body 31, the other end of the first transition arc 33 is connected with one end of the second transition arc 34, and the other end of the second transition arc 34 is connected with one end of the hook structure 32; the first transition circular arc 33 and the second transition circular arc 34 are opposite in projecting direction to each other.

In this embodiment 2, the protruding directions of the two transition arcs are opposite to each other, and when the tire is pressed, the acting forces at the connection part of the hook structure and the spoke plate main body can be mutually offset, so that the service life of the spoke plate and the recovery capability after pressure unloading are greatly improved.

In this embodiment 2, the assembling method of the airless tire is:

firstly, respectively manufacturing an inner hub 2 and an outer rim 4 by using a composite material through a pouring production process of a vacuum method or a nitrogen method, and punching a spoke plate 3 by using a spring steel sheet;

then, the inner hub 2, the outer ring 4 and the spoke plate 3 are assembled together and then placed in liquid nitrogen with the temperature of-30 ℃ for low-temperature cooling for a period of time, so that the outer ring 4 is reduced in volume under the action of low temperature;

finally, the inner hub 2, the outer wheel ring 4 and the spoke plate 3 which are cooled and assembled together are taken out, the tire tread 1 is sleeved on the outer wheel ring 4 by matching with an adhesive, and then the tire tread is placed in a normal temperature environment, so that the volume of the outer wheel ring 4 is gradually increased and restored to generate tension, and the tire tread 1 is firmly sleeved on the outer wheel ring 4.

Example 3.

Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment 3 also discloses an airless tire, which is different from the embodiment 2 in that: the inner hub 2, the outer rim 4 and the spoke plate 3 are all made of the composite material in the embodiment 1, and in production and processing, the three parts are integrally formed through casting, so that hook structures in the embodiment 2 do not need to be arranged at two ends of the spoke plate 3, and in the embodiment 3, the spoke plate 3 can be in any one of a circular arc shape, a 3-shaped shape or an S-shaped shape.

In embodiment 3, the integrated tire main body support portion for supporting the tire tread, which is formed by integrally molding the inner hub 2, the outer rim 4 and the spoke plate 3, has greatly improved performance, including cushioning performance, mechanical strength, impact resistance, toughness and weight, which are superior to those of the conventional non-pneumatic tire.

In this embodiment 3, the assembling method of the airless tire is as follows:

firstly, integrally forming an inner hub 2, an outer rim 4 and a spoke plate 3 by using a composite material through a casting production process of a vacuum method or a nitrogen method, so that the inner hub 2, the outer rim 4 and the spoke plate 3 form an integrated tire main body supporting part;

then, the tire main body supporting part is placed in liquid nitrogen for low-temperature cooling for a period of time, so that the tire main body supporting part is reduced in volume under the action of low temperature;

and finally, taking out the cooled tire main body supporting part, sleeving the tire tread 1 on the outer wheel ring 4, and then placing in a normal temperature environment to gradually increase and recover the volume of the tire main body supporting part to generate tension, so that the tire tread 1 is firmly sleeved on the outer wheel ring 4.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite material characterized by: the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: carbon fiber: 1-5%, graphite powder: 0.5-3%, catalyst NaOH solid: 0.1-1%, cocatalyst acetyl caprolactam: 0.1-1% and the balance caprolactam.

2. The utility model provides an airless tire, includes tire tread (1), interior hub (2) and outer rim (4), tire tread (1) suit is on outer rim (4), interior hub (2) through the spoke board (3) along circumference distribution with outer rim (4) are connected its characterized in that: the outer rim (4) is made of the composite material according to claim 1.

3. The airless tire of claim 2, wherein: the inner hub (2) and the spoke plate (3) are also made of the composite material as claimed in claim 1.

4. The airless tire of claim 2, wherein: the inner hub (2) is made of the composite material of claim 1; the wheel spoke plate (3) is made of spring steel sheets with yield strength higher than 850 Mpa.

5. The airless tire of claim 4, wherein: the spoke plate (3) comprises a spoke plate main body (31) with a circular arc-shaped cross section, and hook structures (32) are integrally formed and connected with two ends of the spoke plate main body (31); and positioning grooves for clamping hook structures (32) are arranged on the outer side of the inner hub (2) and the inner side of the outer ring (4).

6. The airless tire of claim 5, wherein: the hook structure (32) is connected with the end part of the spoke plate main body (31) through a first transition arc (33) and a second transition arc (34); one end of the first transition arc (33) is connected with the end part of the spoke plate main body (31), the other end of the first transition arc (33) is connected with one end of the second transition arc (34), and the other end of the second transition arc (34) is connected with one end of the hook structure (32); the convex directions of the first transition circular arc (33) and the second transition circular arc (34) are opposite to each other.

7. The airless tire of claim 4, wherein: the spoke plate (3) comprises a spoke plate main body (31) with an S-shaped cross section, and hook structures (32) are integrally formed and connected with two ends of the spoke plate main body (31); positioning grooves for clamping hook structures (32) are formed in the outer side of the inner hub (2) and the inner side of the outer ring (4);

or the wheel spoke (3) comprises a spoke main body (31) with a cross section in a shape like the Chinese character '3', and hook structures (32) are integrally formed and connected with the two ends of the spoke main body (31); and positioning grooves for clamping hook structures (32) are arranged on the outer side of the inner hub (2) and the inner side of the outer ring (4).

8. The airless tire of claim 3, wherein: the inner hub (2), the spoke plate (3) and the outer rim (4) are integrally formed through casting, and the cross section of the spoke plate (3) is arc-shaped, S-shaped or 3-shaped.

9. A method of assembling an airless tire as in claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

at least manufacturing an outer wheel ring (4) by using the composite material of claim 1 and adopting a casting production process of a vacuum method or a nitrogen method;

then the inner hub (2), the outer ring (4) and the spoke plate (3) are assembled together and then placed in liquid nitrogen with the temperature of-30 ℃ for low-temperature cooling for a period of time, so that the outer ring (4) is at least subjected to low-temperature action to reduce the volume;

the inner hub (2), the outer wheel ring (4) and the spoke plate (3) which are assembled together after being cooled are taken out, the tire tread (1) is matched with an adhesive to be sleeved on the outer wheel ring (4), then the outer wheel ring is placed in a normal temperature environment, the volume of the outer wheel ring (4) is gradually increased and restored, the outer wheel ring (4) is tensioned in the process of restoring in an increasing mode, and the tire tread (1) is firmly sleeved on the outer wheel ring (4).