CN112172198B - Blade cascade forming die and blade cascade forming method - Google Patents
Blade cascade forming die and blade cascade forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112172198B CN112172198B CN201910592929.0A CN201910592929A CN112172198B CN 112172198 B CN112172198 B CN 112172198B CN 201910592929 A CN201910592929 A CN 201910592929A CN 112172198 B CN112172198 B CN 112172198B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/748—Machines or parts thereof not otherwise provided for
- B29L2031/749—Motors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cascade forming die and a cascade forming method, wherein the cascade forming die comprises a first core die, a second core die (40), a first side die (50) and a second side die (60), the first core die is used for pressing a blade (101), the second core die (40) is used for pressing a front edge flange connecting groove (102) and a rear edge flange connecting groove (103), the first side die (50) is positioned at the bottom of the front edge flange connecting groove (102) and the bottom of the rear edge flange connecting groove (103) and is used for pressing a notch of a frame stringer (104), the second side die (60) is used for pressing the side surface of the frame stringer (104), and the first core die, the second core die (40), the first side die (50) and the second side die (60) are used for integrally forming a cascade (100). The invention adopts a compression molding method, and the integrally molded cascade can be manufactured by the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold and the second side mold, so that the integrity of the cascade structure is ensured, the operation steps are simple, and the manufacturing efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die pressing dies, in particular to a blade cascade forming die and a blade cascade forming method.
Background
The cascade is a common air intake and exhaust structure in aviation structures, such as an air intake cascade outer cover for blocking foreign matters of a helicopter engine, a turbofan engine hot air bleed exhaust cascade, a flow blocking exhaust cascade for providing reverse thrust of the engine, and the like. Generally, compared with an air inlet blade cascade and a hot bleed air exhaust blade cascade of a helicopter engine, the blade shape of the reverse thrust choked flow shielding exhaust blade cascade is more complex and is a curved surface, and the precision requirements such as the blade shape profile and the like are higher. Early cascade structures typically employed casting, machining, mechanical joining, or welding of cascade components (e.g., cascade frames and cascade vanes) and other forming methods. However, the above methods are all manufacturing methods of the metal cascade, and the obtained metal cascade structure has heavy weight, which is not beneficial to reducing the weight of the engine structure. With the development of composite material technology, the application of the light-weight high-strength composite material cascade structure is generated.
However, the efficiency of the existing methods for manufacturing the composite material cascade structure is not high, most of the methods adopt a forming method for manufacturing a cascade skeleton assembly and a turning blade respectively, and then combining a cascade frame and the turning blade to form the cascade structure by methods such as gluing, mechanical connection or hot-pressing consolidation, and the like.
It is noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cascade forming die and a cascade forming method, and aims to solve the problem that the completeness of a cascade structure cannot be guaranteed by the cascade forming method in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a blade cascade forming mold, the blade cascade including a blade, a leading edge flange connecting groove, a trailing edge flange connecting groove and a frame stringer, the leading edge flange connecting groove and the trailing edge flange connecting groove being respectively located at front and rear ends of the blade, the frame stringer being located at a side surface of the blade, and both ends of the frame stringer being provided with notches, the blade cascade forming mold including:
a first core die for pressing the blade;
the second core die is used for pressing a front edge flange connecting groove and a rear edge flange connecting groove;
the first side die is positioned at the bottom of the front edge flange connecting groove and the bottom of the rear edge flange connecting groove and used for pressing a notch of the frame stringer; and
a second side form for pressing the sides of the frame stringer;
the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold and the second side mold are used for integrally forming the blade cascade.
In some embodiments, the first core mold includes a hollow core mold having a through hole at a center thereof, and a core mold inserted into the through hole, and the pressure applied to the core mold is transmitted to the hollow core mold to press the blade through an outer wall of the hollow core mold.
In some embodiments, the hollow core mold comprises at least two first mold blocks, the at least two first mold blocks being assembled with each other around a center line of the through-hole to form the hollow core mold.
In some embodiments, the hollow core comprises four first modules, each first module comprising a right angle, the four first modules being assembled to each other around a center line of the through-hole to form a rectangular hollow core.
In some embodiments, the contact surfaces of the two first modules that mate with each other are sloped surfaces that are inclined relative to the outer side surface of the hollow core.
In some embodiments, the wall of the through hole is inclined with respect to the centerline of the through hole, and the outer wall of the mold core is a bevel that mates with the wall of the through hole.
In some embodiments, the second mandrel comprises at least two second modules positioned within the same leading edge flange attachment slot or the same trailing edge flange attachment slot, the at least two second modules being jogged with each other.
In some embodiments, the contact surfaces of the two second modules that mate with each other are sloped surfaces that are inclined relative to the outer side surface of the second mandrel.
In some embodiments, the cascade forming mold further includes an upper cover, the upper cover is provided with a first groove with a downward opening, the upper cover covers the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold and the second side mold, and a groove wall of the first groove is attached to outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold and the second side mold.
In some embodiments, a groove wall of the first groove is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to a lid top surface of the upper lid, and outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold, and the second side mold are inclined planes that are matched with the groove wall of the first groove.
In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the first groove is provided with a plurality of second grooves into which the top of the first mandrel is inserted.
In some embodiments, the groove wall of the second groove is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the lid top surface of the upper lid, and the outer wall of the top portion of the first core mold is a slope surface that fits the groove wall of the second groove.
In some embodiments, the cascade forming mold further comprises a base plate, and the upper cover is matched with the base plate.
In some embodiments, the first core die is provided with a first threaded hole for mounting the knockout ejector bolt; and/or the bottom plate is provided with a second threaded hole for mounting the demolding ejection bolt.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a cascade forming method, in which the cascade includes a blade, a leading edge flange connecting groove, a trailing edge flange connecting groove and a frame stringer, the leading edge flange connecting groove and the trailing edge flange connecting groove are respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the blade, the frame stringer is located on the side surface of the blade, and both ends of the frame stringer are provided with notches, the cascade forming method includes:
providing a first core mould for pressing the blade, a second core mould for pressing a front edge flange connecting groove and a rear edge flange connecting groove, a first side mould which is positioned at the bottom of the front edge flange connecting groove and the bottom of the rear edge flange connecting groove and is used for pressing a notch of the frame stringer, and a second side mould for pressing the side surface of the frame stringer;
and pressing the integrally formed blade cascade by using the first core mould, the second core mould, the first side mould and the second side mould.
In some embodiments, when the integrally formed cascade is pressed using the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold, and the second side mold, the material used is a composite material.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention adopts a compression molding method, and the integrally formed cascade can be manufactured by the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold and the second side mold, so that the problems of unreliable connection and the like existing in the methods of firstly pressing each component of the cascade, and then carrying out glue joint, mechanical connection or hot press molding on each component are solved, the integrity of the cascade structure is ensured, the method has simple operation steps, does not need subsequent assembly processes, greatly saves working hours, and the obtained cascade has better structural strength and good integral quality.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cascade in one embodiment of a cascade forming die of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a cascade in one embodiment of a cascade forming die of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a row of blades in one embodiment of the cascade forming die of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the matching between a part of the structure of one embodiment of the cascade forming mold and the cascade.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first core mold in one embodiment of the cascade forming mold of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the fitting of the hollow core mold and the blade in one embodiment of the cascade forming mold of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a plurality of hollow mandrels cooperating with a plurality of blades in an embodiment of the cascade forming die of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of a hollow core die mated with a blade in one embodiment of a cascade forming die of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the matching of multiple rows of hollow core molds and multiple rows of blades in one embodiment of the cascade forming mold of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the second core mold matching with the leading edge flange connection groove and the trailing edge flange connection groove in one embodiment of the cascade forming mold of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a top view of a second core mold mating with a leading edge flange attachment slot and a trailing edge flange attachment slot in an embodiment of a cascade forming mold of the invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the matching between the upper cover and the mold core when the upper cover faces upwards in one embodiment of the cascade molding mold of the invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the cross-section taken along a-a in fig. 12.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the cross-section B-B in fig. 12.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the fitting of the second core mold and the first side mold to the cascade according to an embodiment of the cascade forming mold of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the mold core and the bottom plate in one embodiment of the cascade forming mold of the invention.
Fig. 17 is another schematic view of the mold core and the bottom plate cooperating with each other in an embodiment of the cascade molding mold according to the invention.
In the figure:
100. a cascade of blades; 101. a blade; 102. a leading edge flange connecting groove; 103. a rear edge flange connecting groove; 104. a frame stringer; 1021. a leading edge upper slot; 1022. a leading edge floor; 1031. a trailing edge upper slot; 1032. a trailing edge baseplate;
10. an upper cover; 20. a mold core; 30. a hollow core mold; 40. a second core mold; 50. a first side form; 60. a second side form; 70. a base plate;
11. a first wall surface; 12. a second wall surface; 13. the bottom surface of the groove; 14. a second groove;
21. a first threaded hole; 31. 32, 33, 34, a first module; 41. 42, a second module; 71. and a second threaded hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the scope of the invention.
First, the structure of the blade cascade 100 to be manufactured according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Referring to fig. 1, the blade cascade 100 includes a blade 101, a leading edge flange connection slot 102, a trailing edge flange connection slot 103, and a frame stringer 104, wherein the leading edge flange connection slot 102 and the trailing edge flange connection slot 103 are respectively located at front and rear ends of the blade 101, the frame stringer 104 is located at a side surface of the blade 101, and both ends of the frame stringer 104 are provided with notches.
In some embodiments, the cascade 100 includes a plurality of blades 101, each blade 101 is in the shape of a hollow rectangle, a plurality of common faces exist between two adjacent blades 101, and the plurality of blades 101 are arranged in rows. The front end of the blade 101 is provided with a front edge flange connecting groove 102, and the front edge flange connecting groove 102 is used for being connected with a flange; the rear end of the blade 101 is provided with a trailing edge flange connection groove 103, and the trailing edge flange connection groove 103 is used for connecting with a flange. The circumferential side connection of the leading edge flange connection groove 102 and the trailing edge flange connection groove 103 is in a U shape. The left and right sides of the blade 101 are respectively provided with a frame stringer 104, and the front end and the rear end of the frame stringer 104 are both provided with a notch. The front end of frame stringer 104 matches the shape of the slot walls of leading edge flange connection slot 102, and the rear end of frame stringer 104 matches the shape of the slot walls of trailing edge flange connection slot 103.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cascade 100 includes five rows of blades 101, each row including ten. The front end of each row of blades 101 is provided with a front edge flange connecting groove 102, the rear end of each row of blades 101 is provided with a rear edge flange connecting groove 103, the number of the front edge flange connecting grooves 102 and the number of the rear edge flange connecting grooves 103 are 5, and the shapes of the front edge flange connecting grooves 102 and the rear edge flange connecting grooves 103 are the same. The outer sides of the first row of blades 101 and the fifth row of blades 101 are respectively provided with a frame stringer 104.
To facilitate illustration of the component structure of the cascade 100, fig. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the cascade 100. The cascade 100 includes a plurality of blades 101, and the leading edge flange connection slot 102 includes a leading edge upper slot 1021 and a leading edge base plate 1022, and the leading edge upper slot 1021 and the leading edge base plate 1022 are attached to each other to form the leading edge flange connection slot 102. The front edge upper groove 1021 is dustpan shaped, and the side surface of the front edge bottom plate 1022 is L-shaped. The rear edge flange connecting groove 103 comprises a rear edge upper groove 1031 and a rear edge bottom plate 1032, and the rear edge upper groove 1031 and the rear edge bottom plate 1032 are attached up and down to form the rear edge flange connecting groove 103. The rear edge upper groove 1031 has a dustpan shape, and the side surface of the rear edge bottom plate 1032 has an L-shape. Frame stringers 104 are flat panel structures.
It should be noted that fig. 2 is only shown for convenience of understanding, and does not affect the inventive concept of integrally forming the cascade by the cascade forming mold of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a row of blades.
The structure of the cascade forming die provided by the invention is described below.
As shown in fig. 4 to 11, in an embodiment of the cascade forming mold, the mold includes a first core mold, a second core mold 40, a first side mold 50 and a second side mold 60, the first core mold is used for pressing the blade 101, the second core mold 40 is used for pressing the leading edge flange connecting groove 102 and the trailing edge flange connecting groove 103, the first side mold 50 is located at the bottom of the leading edge flange connecting groove 102 and the bottom of the trailing edge flange connecting groove 103 and is used for pressing the notch of the frame stringer 104, the second side mold 60 is used for pressing the side of the frame stringer 104, wherein the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50 and the second side mold 60 are used for integrally forming the cascade 100.
The embodiment adopts a compression molding method, and the integrally formed cascade 100 can be manufactured by pressing the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50 and the second side mold 60, so that the problems of unreliable connection and the like existing in the methods of firstly pressing each component of the cascade 100, then performing glue joint, mechanical connection or hot press molding on each component and the like are solved, the structural integrity of the cascade 100 is ensured, the method has simple operation steps, does not need subsequent assembly processes, greatly saves working hours and has high production efficiency; the obtained cascade 100 has the advantages of good structural strength, strong bearing capacity and good overall quality.
As shown in fig. 5, the first core mold includes a hollow core mold 30 and a core mold 20, the hollow core mold 30 is provided at the center thereof with a through hole into which the core mold 20 is inserted, and the pressure applied to the core mold 20 is transmitted to the hollow core mold 30 to press the prepreg for forming the blade 101 through the outer wall of the hollow core mold 30 to press the blade 101.
By providing the hollow core mold 30 and the core mold 20, the pressure applied to the core mold 20 is transmitted to the hollow core mold 30 by the core mold 20, and the prepreg is pressed through the outer wall of the hollow core mold 30 to press the hollow blade 101. This way, the outer wall of the core 20 can be ensured to be closely contacted with the outer wall of the hollow core mold 30, so that the prepreg can be extruded and molded.
Alternatively, the hollow core mold 30 includes at least two first mold blocks, which are assembled with each other around the center line of the through hole to form the hollow core mold 30. At least two first blocks are arranged along the circumferential direction of the through hole, and at least two blocks can be understood as cutting the hollow core mold 30 along the axial direction of the hollow core mold 30.
The hollow core mold 30 is configured to include at least two first mold blocks, which can facilitate the application of pressure to the hollow core mold 30 from a plurality of different directions, and ensure that the preload used to form the vane 101 is uniformly applied.
Further, the contact surfaces of the two first blocks fitted to each other are inclined surfaces inclined with respect to the outer side surface of the hollow core mold 30. This has the advantage that each first module can be placed inwardly with respect to the centre of the hollow core mould 30 prior to compression and pushed outwardly by the pressure applied thereto when compressed, thereby allowing the prepreg used to form the blade 101 to be extruded; the area of a contact surface can be increased, and the problem of forming quality of the blade 101 caused by a gap at the lap joint between the two first modules is avoided; and simultaneously, the demoulding is convenient.
As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the hollow core mold 30 includes four first mold blocks 31, 32, 33, 34, each of the first mold blocks 31, 32, 33, 34 includes a right angle, and the four first mold blocks 31, 32, 33, 34 are assembled with each other around a center line of the through-hole to form the rectangular hollow core mold 30. This has the advantage that it is possible to avoid split contact surfaces at right angles, and to make the inclination of the contact surface between two adjacent first modules 31, 32, 33, 34 larger, thereby increasing the area of the contact surface.
As shown in fig. 8, the wall of the through hole is inclined with respect to the center line of the through hole, and the outer wall of the mold core 20 is an inclined surface that matches the wall of the through hole. Further, the hole diameter of the through hole is large in the top and small in the bottom, and the circumferential length of the outer wall of the mold core 20 is also large in the top and small in the bottom. The arrangement is convenient for pressurizing, so that the outer wall of the mold core 20 is more tightly attached to the hole wall of the through hole, and the mold insertion and demolding are convenient.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the second core mold 40 includes at least two second mold blocks 41, 42 located within the same leading edge flange attachment slot 102 or the same trailing edge flange attachment slot 103, and the at least two second mold blocks 41, 42 are coupled to each other.
As shown in fig. 15, the second core mold 40 is configured as a split structure, so that the prepreg used for forming the leading edge flange connection groove 102 or the trailing edge flange connection groove 103 is extruded from a plurality of different directions when pressure is applied to the second core mold 40, and the extrusion force is more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the molding quality.
Further, the contact surfaces of the two second blocks 41, 42 fitted to each other are inclined surfaces inclined with respect to the outer side surface of the second core mold 40, so that the area of the contact surfaces can be increased and the mold release can be facilitated.
As shown in fig. 12 to 14, the cascade forming mold further includes an upper cover 10, the upper cover 10 is provided with a first groove, an opening of the first groove faces downward, the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60 are inserted into the first groove, the upper cover 10 is covered above the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60, and a groove wall of the first groove is attached to outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60. The upper cover 10 is provided to facilitate uniform pressure application to the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60.
Fig. 12 to 14 are schematic structural views of the upper cover 10 facing upward, and the upper cover 10 faces downward when in use.
Further, the groove wall of the first groove is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the cap top surface of the upper cap 10, and the outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60 are inclined surfaces that are matched with the groove wall of the first groove.
Specifically, the opening area of the first groove gradually increases from the cap top surface close to the upper cap 10 to the cap top surface far from the upper cap 10, and this arrangement facilitates pressurization, enables the groove wall of the first groove to closely adhere to the outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60, and facilitates mold insertion and mold release.
The bottom surface of the first groove is provided with a plurality of second grooves, and the top of the first mandrel is inserted into the second grooves. Through setting up the second recess, be convenient for fix a position first core mould.
Further, the groove wall of the second groove is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the lid top surface of the upper lid 10, and the outer wall of the top of the first core mold is an inclined plane that is fitted with the groove wall of the second groove. The opening area of the second groove is gradually increased from top to bottom, so that the groove wall of the second groove is tightly attached to the outer wall of the top of the first core mold, and the mold is conveniently inserted and released.
As shown in fig. 16, the cascade forming mold further includes a bottom plate 70, and the upper cover 10 is fitted to the bottom plate 70. The base plate 70 serves to support the first core form, the first side form 50 and the second side form 60.
As shown in fig. 16, the first core die is provided with first screw holes 21 for mounting knockout ejector bolts. Through setting up first screw hole 21, can utilize drawing of patterns ejecting bolt ejecting first core mould for other parts to realize the drawing of patterns, solve the difficult problem of mould drawing of patterns among the prior art.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 17, a second threaded hole 71 for installing a demolding ejection bolt may be provided on the bottom plate 70, so as to eject the bottom plate 70 relative to other parts by using the demolding ejection bolt, thereby achieving demolding and solving the problem of difficult demolding of the mold in the prior art.
The following describes a specific structure and an operation process of an embodiment of the cascade forming mold according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 17:
as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the cascade includes a plurality of blades 101, a plurality of leading edge flange attachment slots 102, a plurality of trailing edge flange attachment slots 103, and two frame stringers 104. The framework stringer 104 is in a batten structure form, is formed by laying unidirectional or fabric prepreg according to a laying direction and a laying sequence meeting structural strength requirements, is longitudinally continuous and is made of composite materials. The upper ends of the front edge flange connecting groove 102 and the rear edge flange connecting groove 103 are dustpan-shaped upper grooves, and the lower ends are bottom plates with L-shaped side surfaces. The blade 101 is of a continuous carbon fiber composite material structure and is formed by laying unidirectional or fabric prepreg according to the laying direction and the laying sequence which meet the structural strength requirement. The blades 101 are hollow lattices on four sides and are arranged between the two frame stringers 104, two left and right side surfaces of each blade 101 are respectively attached to the two frame stringers 104, and two front and back side surfaces of each blade 101 are respectively attached to the front and back side surfaces of the adjacent blade 101 to form the blade 101. The sum of the height of the upper groove 1021 of the front edge flange connecting groove 102 and the height of the front edge bottom plate 1022 is equal to the height of the blade cascade 100, two opposite left and right side surfaces of the upper groove 1021 of the front edge are respectively attached to two adjacent frame stringers 104, the rear surface is attached to the upper part of the side surface of the adjacent blade 101, the bottom surface of the upper groove 1021 of the front edge is attached to the upper surface of the front edge bottom plate 1022, the front edge bottom plate 1022 is located at the notch of the frame stringer 104, and the vertical surface of the front edge bottom plate 1022 is attached to the lower part of the side surface of the adjacent blade 101. The structural arrangement of the trailing edge flange connection slots 103 is symmetrical to the structural arrangement of the leading edge flange connection slots 102, and will not be described herein.
As shown in fig. 4 to 17, the cascade forming mold is a mold pressing mold, is formed by processing a metal material such as steel or alloy, and includes an upper cover 10, a first core mold (including a hollow core mold 30 and a core mold 20), a second core mold 40, a first side mold 50, a second side mold 60, and a bottom plate 70.
The upper cover 10 is of a box-shaped structure and is provided with a first groove with a downward opening in use, the first groove comprises two opposite first wall surfaces 11, two opposite second wall surfaces 12 and a groove bottom surface 13 parallel to the top surface of the outer side cover of the upper cover 10, and a plurality of second grooves 14 are arranged on the groove bottom surface 13.
The first wall surface 11 and the second wall surface 12 are provided with inclination angles calculated by the displacement of the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50, and the second side mold 60 according to the required pressing process, respectively, and the groove bottom surface 13 is a flat surface. When the upper cover 10 faces downwards, the opening of the second groove 14 is large at the top and small at the bottom, and has a certain taper angle, and the cross section shape can be circular or polygonal.
The hollow core mold 30 has a split structure and includes four first mold blocks 31, 32, 33, and 34. The hollow core mold 30 has a through hole in the center, the wall of the through hole is a tapered structure, and the outer wall of the core mold 20 is matched with the wall of the through hole. The cross-section of the through-hole and the mold core 20 may be circular or polygonal.
The second core mold 40 is also a split structure, and is composed of two second mold blocks 41 and 42 having a trapezoidal cross section.
The first side form 50 is a prism structure with a right trapezoid cross section, the long transverse surface of a right-angle side is placed on the bottom plate 70, the long transverse surface of the right-angle side is placed under the plane of the L-shaped back plate of the front edge bottom plate 1022 or the rear edge bottom plate 1032, the vertical surface of the right-angle side is leaned against the inner side of the vertical surface of the L-shaped back plate of the front edge bottom plate 1022 or the rear edge bottom plate 1032, the inclined surface of the trapezoid cross section is matched with the second wall surface 12 of the upper cover 10, and when the upper cover 10 is pressed downwards in the mould pressing process, the first side form 50 is shrunk and extruded inwards through the second wall surface 12 of the first side form to achieve the purpose of pressing the front and rear surfaces of the front edge bottom plate 1022 or the rear edge bottom plate 1032 and the blade 101.
The second side form 60 is a prism structure with a right trapezoid cross section, the long transverse plane of the right trapezoid side is placed on the bottom plate 70, the inclined plane of the trapezoid cross section is matched with the first wall surface 11 of the upper cover 10, and when the upper cover 10 is pressed downwards in the mould pressing process, the first wall surface 11 of the second side form 60 shrinks and extrudes inwards to achieve the purpose of pressurizing the frame stringer 104.
The bottom plate 70 is a flat plate structure with a certain thickness, and the bottom plate 70 is provided with a second threaded hole 71 corresponding to the first threaded hole 21 arranged on the mold core 20 and used for installing a demolding ejection bolt.
The cascade forming die is a compression molding die of a hot press, and the specific steps of adopting the compression molding die to compress the cascade are as follows:
1. firstly, respectively paving and stacking prepreg according to design requirements to form a blade 101, a front edge flange connecting groove 102, a rear edge flange connecting groove 103 and a frame stringer 104;
2. a step of mold pressing assembly, in which prepregs of longitudinally continuous composite laminated slabs constituting the frame stringers 104, prepregs of four-sided hollow lattices constituting the blades 101, and prepregs of four-sided bottom surface lattices and L-shaped back plates constituting the leading edge flange connection grooves 102 and the trailing edge flange connection grooves 103 are assembled to the base plate 70 in this order;
then the hollow core mold 30, the mold core 20, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50 and the second side mold 60 are installed at corresponding positions, the first mold blocks 31, 32, 33 and 34 are inwardly staggered according to the designed parting surfaces, the mold core 20 installed on the hollow core mold 30 is upwardly staggered relative to the hollow core mold 30, the second mold blocks 41 and 42 are forwardly and backwardly staggered according to the parting surfaces, then the upper cover 10 is covered, and the upper cover 10 is upwardly staggered relative to the mold core 20, the second core mold 40, the first side mold 50 and the second side mold 60;
3. die pressing, namely moving the combined die and prepreg in the step 2 into a hot press together, enabling the upper and lower press plate surfaces of the press to be respectively contacted with the upper cover 10 and the bottom plate 70, then heating the upper and lower press plate surfaces of the hot press to a pressing temperature according to a set heating speed, starting pressing after reaching a constant temperature time designed according to a hot pressing process, enabling the upper cover 10 to move downwards, extruding the die core 20, returning the four staggered first modules 31, 32, 33 and 34 during die pressing combination, and completing pressing and forming of the four-side hollow grid prepreg of the blade 101; simultaneously, the upper cover 10 moves downwards to shrink and extrude the second modules 41 and 42 inwards and downwards to complete the pressurization and molding of the prepreg of the front edge flange connecting groove 102 and the rear edge flange connecting groove 103; the first side die 50 is also extruded inwards when the upper cover 10 moves downwards, so that the vertical edge prepreg of the L-shaped back plate and the front and rear prepregs of the blade are pressurized; second side form 60 is also pressed inward as upper cover 10 moves downward, thereby completing the pressing and forming of the outer surface of frame stringer 104; and finally, maintaining the pressure of the hot press, raising the temperature of the upper and lower press plates to the curing temperature, maintaining the constant temperature time designed by the hot pressing process, cooling at the cooling speed designed by the hot pressing process to below 60 ℃, relieving the pressure, and removing the die from the hot press.
4. And (3) demolding, namely removing the upper cover 10, removing the two first side molds 50, removing the two second side molds 60, removing the second core mold 40, firstly pulling out the second mold block 41 according to the parting plane direction, then demolding the second mold block 42, screwing the ejection bolt into the first threaded hole 21, ejecting the mold core 20, and then sequentially taking out the first mold blocks 41, 42, 43 and 44 according to the parting line direction to complete demolding of the composite cascade.
5. Trimming, carefully removing residual glue and burrs on the stripped composite material blade cascade, and processing the front wall and the rear wall of the front edge flange connecting groove 102 and the rear edge flange connecting groove 103 to theoretical design dimensions as required.
Through the description of the multiple embodiments of the cascade forming die and the cascade forming method, the embodiment of the cascade forming die and the cascade forming method provided by the invention adopts the split type first core die and the split type second core die, so that the inner ring of each independent blade is effectively and uniformly pressurized to the periphery, the position and the profile precision of the blade are effectively controlled, the precision requirement of the profile surface of the cascade blade shape is ensured, and the process difficulty that the geometric profile and the dimensional precision are difficult to control and easy to deform when the composite material cascade is formed by the traditional process is effectively solved; can be operated by multiple persons in parallel, thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency to the maximum extent and reducing the cost.
The invention also provides a blade cascade forming method, the blade cascade comprises a blade, a front edge flange connecting groove, a rear edge flange connecting groove and a frame stringer, the front edge flange connecting groove and the rear edge flange connecting groove are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the blade, the frame stringer is positioned on the side surface of the blade, and both ends of the frame stringer are provided with notches, the blade cascade forming method comprises the following steps:
providing a first core mould for pressing the blade, a second core mould for pressing a front edge flange connecting groove and a rear edge flange connecting groove, a first side mould which is positioned at the bottom of the front edge flange connecting groove and the bottom of the rear edge flange connecting groove and is used for pressing a notch of the frame stringer, and a second side mould for pressing the side surface of the frame stringer;
and pressing the integrally formed blade cascade by using the first core mould, the second core mould, the first side mould and the second side mould.
Further, when the integrally formed cascade is pressed by the first core mold, the second core mold, the first side mold and the second side mold, the material used is a composite material. For example, the resin matrix used in the continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material may be thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, polyimide resin, etc., or thermoplastic resin such as polyetheretherketone PEEK, polyphenylene sulfide PPS, polyetherimide PEI, polyetherketoneketone PEKK, polyamide PA, polypropylene PP, etc.; the adopted reinforcing fiber can be carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber, silicon carbide fiber, boron fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, PBO fiber and the like.
The positive technical effects of the cascade forming mold in the above embodiments are also applicable to the cascade forming method, and are not described herein again.
The blade cascade forming die and the blade cascade forming method provided by the invention can be used for manufacturing composite material blade cascades of reverse thrust devices of aviation turbofan engines and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and these modifications and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (16)
1. The utility model provides a cascade forming die, cascade (100) include blade (101), leading edge flange connecting groove (102), trailing edge flange connecting groove (103) and frame stringer (104), leading edge flange connecting groove (102) with trailing edge flange connecting groove (103) are located respectively both ends around blade (101), frame stringer (104) are located the side of blade (101), just the both ends of frame stringer (104) are equipped with the notch, and its characterized in that, cascade forming die includes:
a first core mold for pressing the blade (101);
a second core mold (40) for pressing the leading edge flange connection groove (102) and the trailing edge flange connection groove (103);
a first side form (50) located at the bottom of the leading edge flange connection groove (102) and the bottom of the trailing edge flange connection groove (103) for pressing the notch of the frame stringer (104); and
a second sideform (60) for pressing against the sides of the frame stringer (104);
wherein the first core mold, the second core mold (40), the first side mold (50), and the second side mold (60) are used to integrally form the cascade (100).
2. The cascade forming mold according to claim 1, wherein the first core mold comprises a hollow core mold (30) and a core mold (20), a through hole is formed in the center of the hollow core mold (30), the core mold (20) is inserted into the through hole, and pressure applied to the core mold (20) is transmitted to the hollow core mold (30) to press the blade (101) through the outer wall of the hollow core mold (30).
3. The cascade forming die according to claim 2, wherein the hollow core die (30) comprises at least two first mold blocks (31; 32; 33; 34), and the at least two first mold blocks (31; 32; 33; 34) are mutually assembled around a center line of the through hole to form the hollow core die (30).
4. The cascade forming die according to claim 2, wherein the hollow core die (30) comprises four first mold blocks (31; 32; 33; 34), each of the first mold blocks (31; 32; 33; 34) comprises a right angle, and the four first mold blocks (31; 32; 33; 34) are mutually spliced around a center line of the through-hole to form the rectangular hollow core die (30).
5. The cascade forming die according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the contact surfaces of the two first blocks (31; 32; 33; 34) which are fitted to each other are inclined surfaces which are inclined with respect to the outer side surface of the hollow core die (30).
6. The cascade forming die according to claim 2, wherein the wall of the through hole is inclined with respect to the center line of the through hole, and the outer wall of the die core (20) is a slope surface that matches the wall of the through hole.
7. The cascade forming die according to claim 1, wherein the second core die (40) comprises at least two second modules (41; 42) located in the same leading edge flange connection slot (102) or the same trailing edge flange connection slot (103), at least two of the second modules (41; 42) being split into each other.
8. The cascade forming die according to claim 7, wherein the contact surfaces of the two second blocks (41; 42) which are fitted to each other are inclined surfaces which are inclined with respect to the outer side surface of the second core die (40).
9. The cascade forming mold according to claim 1, further comprising an upper cover (10), wherein the upper cover (10) is provided with a first groove having a downward opening, the upper cover (10) is covered above the first core mold, the second core mold (40), the first side mold (50) and the second side mold (60), and a groove wall of the first groove and outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold (40), the first side mold (50) and the second side mold (60) are attached to each other.
10. The cascade forming mold according to claim 9, wherein a groove wall of the first groove is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to a cap top surface of the upper cap (10), and outer walls of the first core mold, the second core mold (40), the first side mold (50), and the second side mold (60) are inclined planes that match the groove wall of the first groove.
11. The cascade forming die according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of second grooves (14) are provided on a bottom surface of the first groove, and a top portion of the first core die is inserted into the second grooves (14).
12. The cascade forming die according to claim 11, wherein a groove wall of the second groove (14) is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to a cap top surface of the upper cap (10), and an outer wall of a top of the first core die is a slope surface that is fitted with the groove wall of the second groove (14).
13. The cascade forming die of claim 9, further comprising a base plate (70), wherein the upper cover (10) is interfitted with the base plate (70).
14. The cascade forming die according to claim 13, wherein the first core die is provided with a first threaded hole (21) for mounting a knockout ejector bolt; and/or the bottom plate (70) is provided with a second threaded hole (71) for mounting a knockout ejector bolt.
15. A cascade forming method, wherein a cascade (100) comprises a blade (101), a leading edge flange connecting groove (102), a trailing edge flange connecting groove (103) and a frame stringer (104), the leading edge flange connecting groove (102) and the trailing edge flange connecting groove (103) are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the blade (101), the frame stringer (104) is positioned at the side surface of the blade (101), and notches are arranged at the two ends of the frame stringer (104), the cascade forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a first core mold for pressing the blade (101), a second core mold (40) for pressing the leading edge flange connecting groove (102) and the trailing edge flange connecting groove (103), a first side mold (50) located at the bottom of the leading edge flange connecting groove (102) and the bottom of the trailing edge flange connecting groove (103) for pressing the notch of the frame stringer (104), and a second side mold (60) for pressing the side of the frame stringer (104);
and pressing the integrally formed cascade (100) by using the first core mold, the second core mold (40), the first side mold (50) and the second side mold (60).
16. The cascade forming method according to claim 15, wherein a material used in pressing the cascade 100 integrally formed is a composite material by the first core mold, the second core mold (40), the first side mold (50), and the second side mold (60).
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