CN112167695A - Preparation method of microwave expanded recombinant tobacco shreds/particles - Google Patents
Preparation method of microwave expanded recombinant tobacco shreds/particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN112167695A CN112167695A CN201910596043.3A CN201910596043A CN112167695A CN 112167695 A CN112167695 A CN 112167695A CN 201910596043 A CN201910596043 A CN 201910596043A CN 112167695 A CN112167695 A CN 112167695A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
- A24B3/182—Puffing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
- A24B5/16—Other treatment of stems or ribs, e.g. bending, chopping, incising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
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- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel tobacco, and particularly relates to a preparation method of microwave expansion recombined tobacco shreds/particles for heating non-combustible tobacco products. The tobacco stem is prepared by taking redried tobacco stems as raw materials through the processes of tobacco stem raw material preparation, microwave tobacco stem expansion, storage, moisture returning and stem moistening, slicing, soaking type reaction separation, dehydration and drying, shredding, material liquid backfilling, tobacco powder wrapping, extrusion and solidification and loose drying. The microwave tobacco stem expansion method adopts a microwave expansion process to expand the tobacco stems, the expansion degree is more than or equal to 200%, the volume of cells in the tobacco stems is increased by more than two times under the condition of not being damaged, and a multi-cavity structure similar to a honeycomb is formed. Meanwhile, the fibers in the tobacco stems are cured under the action of microwave irradiation heating, so that the wood smell of the fibers is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel tobacco, and particularly relates to a preparation method of microwave expansion recombined tobacco shreds/particles for heating non-combustible tobacco products.
Background
Known smoking materials that do not burn tobacco products upon heating are mainly classified into sheet-type and pellet-type smoking materials. The homogenized tobacco sheet material is mainly manufactured and produced by thick liquid method, rolling method, dry method and paper making method; the granular smoking material is produced mainly by mechanically granulating tobacco material or stalk and fruit of other plants.
The conventional cigarette releases aroma by burning, the burning temperature is between 600 ℃ and 800 ℃, and the heating temperature for heating products which are not burnt is generally within 350 ℃. At present, the conventional smoking material in the form of cut tobacco or cut stems is applied less in heating non-combustible products, and the effect is not ideal. The main reason is that the aroma of the cut tobacco and the cut stem is difficult to fully release under the action of lower temperature, the filamentous carrier is not effectively treated, a multi-cavity structure cannot be formed inside the filamentous carrier, the loading rate of the filamentous carrier on backfilled spices is very low, and the better smoking feeling cannot be brought.
When the tobacco powder is directly used as a smoking material in a heating non-combustible product, the cell walls of the tobacco powder are destroyed in the powder preparation process, so that the adsorption capacity to the spices and the smoke generating agent is basically unavailable, the compatibility with other exogenous spices is poor, and the smoking taste is monotonous. On the other hand, the tobacco powder has a compact structure during polymerization and poor heat dispersion performance, and is easy to generate scorching when being in direct contact with a heating body, thereby seriously affecting the smoking quality.
CN102125293B discloses a preparation process of cigarette expanded cut stem, which is characterized in that tobacco stems are subjected to microwave expansion and then cut into shreds by a process of slicing and then shredding, and finally essence is added to adjust the smoking taste of the product. Although the expanded cut stems can be formed by the process, because the process is not a separation and removal process, on one hand, the original pectin, protein, carbohydrate, chloride ions and other macromolecular compounds of various components in the tobacco stems are not removed, and the carbohydrate can generate coking reaction after being heated by microwave, thereby causing poor taste; on the other hand, the tobacco stem has relatively few aroma components, and although aroma can be compensated by adding other tobacco aroma substances, the content in the cut stem is not separated and removed, so that the capacity of loading and absorbing aroma is limited, and when the tobacco stem is used as a smoking material for heating non-combustible products, an ideal smoking effect cannot be achieved.
CN102920012B and CN102475352A disclose a cut stem remaking processing method, which is characterized in that cut stems are washed, dehydrated, soaked for feeding, subjected to solid-liquid separation, dried and expanded. The two inventions provide a processing method for stem shred reconstruction aiming at the defects of the conventional steam expansion stem shred processing technology. The method is characterized in that sugar, alkali, potassium, nitrate and tobacco aroma components in cut stems are basically washed away by means of cleaning and backfilling necessary chemical components of tobacco. Meanwhile, the cleaned cut stems are used as a carrier, and a natural tobacco extract is added to supplement the natural tobacco fragrance.
CN102440433A discloses a method for manufacturing cut tobacco stems, which is characterized in that the prepared expanded cut tobacco stems are used as raw materials, and enter a continuous extraction device, and are extracted by a solvent, the extracted cut tobacco stems enter solid-liquid separation through extrusion and centrifugation, the separated cut tobacco stems enter feed liquid for backfilling, moisture of the cut tobacco stems is reduced through moisture pretreatment, and then the cut tobacco stems enter tower type puffing or air flow drying.
CN103932380A discloses a tobacco stem soaking, extracting and processing method for a tobacco stem reconstruction process. The method is characterized in that tobacco stems are fed into tobacco stem expansion equipment to be expanded, the expanded tobacco stems are immediately fed into soaking extraction equipment to be soaked, and after soaking extraction is completed, the tobacco stems are fed into a squeezing machine to be subjected to solid-liquid separation.
The three patents CN102920012B, CN102475352A and CN102440433A relate to similar technical solutions, such as: 1, using prepared conventional cut stems as raw materials to be treated; 2, soaking the cut stems by adopting various solvents, and extracting soluble substances in the cut stems; 3, adopting a method of backfilling a large amount of effective aroma components of the tobacco, and backfilling a plurality of chemical components which are beneficial to the taste absorption and quality of the cut stems into the cut stems. Experimental research shows that the three methods have certain effect, but also have the same problem, which is mainly shown in 1, when the cut shreds are used as raw materials for soaking and extraction, because the processing resistance intensity of the shreds is poor, the shreds are decomposed to a certain extent and are crushed once; 2, when ethanol or other chemical solvents except water are used for soaking and extracting, the cost is high, chemical residues exist, and certain potential safety hazards exist; 3, when the cut stems are subjected to a solid-liquid separation treatment process, the high-strength extrusion can enable the cut stems to generate secondary crushing, and meanwhile, the cut stems can form a certain amount of agglomeration under the action of external force; 4, the third crushing is generated when the extruded cut stems are loosened and the moisture is controlled, so that the yield of finished cut stems is seriously influenced; 5, because the tobacco stems are not pretreated by a high-quality expansion process before being cut into shreds, the lignin fibers in the cut stems are not cured, and only the fibers are left in the cut stems after the cut stems are washed, so that the wood smell of a basic carrier is heavier, although the mode of refilling spice can be improved to a certain degree, the requirements on the quality and quantity of the refilled spice are higher, and the cost is greatly increased; 6, the cell walls of the tobacco stems which do not pass through expansion are damaged in the stem pressing and shredding process, so that the stem shreds cannot be subjected to effective volume expansion by the expansion process of the rear section of the tobacco stems, the multi-cavity structure in the tobacco stems is poor, the performance of absorbing feed liquid and the filling performance are greatly reduced, and when the tobacco stems are used as smoking materials in heating non-combustible products, the smoking quality is reduced, and the use cost is increased.
The CN103932380A patent can solve the problem of stalk breaking in theory, but has some practical problems. The specific expression is 1, the expanded tobacco stem has compact skin, and harmful components such as chloride ions, nitrates, nicotine, pectin, macromolecular protein, starch and the like contained in the inner fiber tube bundle and the cell wall are not easy to dissolve out during soaking, so that larger residue can be formed; 2, when the expansion degree of the tobacco stems is better, the density of the tobacco stems is reduced, the volume is increased, and the weight is lightened. The gaps among the expanded stalks are large, and the weight ratio is 3-8: 1, soaking the stem in water to expand the stem, so that the stem cannot be soaked and expanded, and the effect of soaking and extracting cannot be achieved; 3, the surface of the expansion stem, particularly the microwave expansion stem, is compact and has poor water absorption effect. Meanwhile, the fiber tube bundle in the hollow fiber tube bundle is far lower than water in specific gravity, and can form a floating state in the water, so that the fiber tube bundle is not beneficial to soaking; 4, the expansion stems after soaking are cylindrical and different in size, and when the tobacco stems are subjected to extrusion dehydration treatment with high strength under uniform clearance, the fiber tissue structure in the tobacco stems with high expansion degree is damaged to a certain extent, and large broken pieces can be formed during shredding. The tobacco stems with small expansion degree are not extruded and dehydrated, so that the moisture content is not uniform, and the tobacco stems are not beneficial to shredding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the existing processing technology effectively by innovating and optimizing the existing cut stem processing technology aiming at the application characteristics of smoking materials in heating non-combustible products, and form a processing and preparation method of high-quality microwave expanded tobacco shreds or microwave expanded tobacco particles which have the combination of three-dimensional volume, multi-cavity structure, low breakage, high backfill capability and high-quality taste absorption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco threads/particles comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing tobacco stalk raw materials: the tobacco stalk raw material adopts tobacco stalk of flue-cured tobacco. The tobacco stems which are stored for more than 1 year in the natural environment after redrying are selected, and the content of moisture is controlled to be 8-16%, so that the tobacco stem raw material has better expansion effect and basic taste quality. In order to ensure the applicability of expansion equipment and granulation equipment, the re-baked tobacco stems are cut into small sections with the length of 2-8 cm for later use; in some specific embodiments, a tobacco stem segment with a length of 4-6 cm is preferred;
(2) microwave expansion: expanding the small sections of tobacco stems obtained after cutting in the step (1) by using continuous microwave expansion equipment to obtain expanded tobacco stems;
in the known technology, the microwave field intensity of the industrial microwave expansion equipment is between 10 and 200KW, and the equipment can be continuous microwave expansion equipment or single batch discontinuous expansion equipment. According to the material characteristics of the tobacco stems, continuous microwave expansion equipment with 50KW and 100KW monomer wave sources is preferably selected to expand the tobacco stems. In a specific embodiment, a tunnel type solid medium microwave expansion device is further selected for expanding the tobacco stems. In an alternative embodiment, roller-type superheated gas medium microwave expansion equipment with a single wave source of 25KW is selected to expand the tobacco stems.
Preferably, the expansion rate of the tobacco stems is more than or equal to 80 percent, the expansion degree of the tobacco stems is 200-400 percent, the fiber tube bundles in the tobacco stems are completely opened in the state, the cross sections of the tobacco stems are in a honeycomb shape, the volume of the expanded tobacco stems is 2-4 times of the volume of the tobacco stems before expansion, and the moisture content of the expanded tobacco stems is 5-8 percent. Aiming at the cut stem form products, in order to ensure the yield of slicing and shredding, the expansion degree of tobacco stems is controlled to be 300-400 percent; aiming at the product in a particle form, the expansion degree of tobacco stems is controlled to be 200-300%;
(3) and (3) storage of the expanded stems: storing the expanded tobacco stems obtained in the step (2) for 7-30 days in an environment with the relative humidity of 30-60% and the temperature of 10-35 ℃;
in some specific embodiments, the shrinkage of the tobacco stems caused by the moisture rise in a certain time after the tobacco stems are expanded by the microwave is particularly obvious when the moisture content of the tobacco stems is more than 20% in 7 days. In order to avoid the influence on the slicing and shredding process caused by retraction, the expanded tobacco stems are preferably stored in a proper environment for more than or equal to 7 days, the relative humidity of the environment is 30-60%, and the temperature is 10-35 ℃. The tissue structure in the expanded tobacco stems is solidified through long-time storage, and the tobacco stems are prevented from retracting after backwater.
(4) Moisture returning and stem moistening: dampening the expanded tobacco stems stored in the step (3) by using water to ensure that the moisture of the expanded tobacco stems is increased to 20-30%;
preferably, concurrent multi-layer stem washing equipment is used when the stored expanded tobacco stems are moistened and moistened, the water temperature is 30-60 ℃, and the rinsing time is more than or equal to 40 seconds;
in an alternative embodiment, when the stored expanded tobacco stems are moistened and moistened, a single-layer downstream type stem washing machine can be used, the water temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the rinsing time is more than or equal to 30 seconds;
(5) slicing/granulating: cutting the expanded tobacco stems subjected to moisture regaining in the step (4) into sheets by using a tobacco cutter to obtain expanded stem sheets and expanded stem heads; carrying out air separation on the expanded stem pieces and the expanded stem heads by using air separation equipment, and removing the expanded stem heads; or preparing the moistened expanded tobacco stems into expanded stem particles by using a granulator;
preferably, after the expanded tobacco stems are rinsed and remoistened, the expanded tobacco stems enter a storage cabinet to be put for 3 to 6 hours, and the moisture is balanced. Conveying the slices to a filament cutter for slicing, wherein in order to ensure that the blade of the filament cutter does not have a sticky condition, the average moisture of the swelling stalks is less than or equal to 30%, and the slice thickness is controlled to be between 0.8 mm and 1.3 mm. Because gaps among the expanded stems are uneven, uncut stems appear in the stem pieces after slicing, and are conveyed to air separation equipment for air separation, and the uncut stems are removed.
If the product to be prepared is in a particle form, the expanded tobacco stems are rinsed and remoistened and then directly enter granulation equipment, a fan-type rotating blade is used for granulating the expanded tobacco stems, then the granules enter a disc-type vibrating sieving machine for sieving, qualified products enter the next procedure, products with the particle size larger than the mesh number are subjected to secondary granulation, the particle size of the sieved finished product particles is controlled to be 10-100 meshes, and preferably, the size of the expanded tobacco stems is 10-20 meshes.
(6) Soaking type reaction separation: soaking the expanded stem slices/expanded stem particles obtained in the step (5) in water containing targeted biological enzyme to separate pectin, protein, carbohydrate substances, organic acid substances, chloride ions and nitrogen-containing compounds in the tobacco stems;
preferably, the prepared expanded stem slices/granules are conveyed to a continuous extrusion soaking device, which can be a fully-closed device or a semi-closed device, and the device is filled with water containing targeted biological enzymes. The weight ratio of the expanded stem slices/granules to the water containing the biological enzyme is 1: 10, the temperature of the soaking reaction is between 30 and 80 ℃. Soaking the stem pieces/particles in water, pushing the stem pieces/particles forward by a screw pushing device in a squeezing mode, separating soaking liquid from the stem pieces/particles after soaking for 10-30 minutes, draining the soaking liquid, and feeding the draining liquid into a sewage treatment system.
When the invention is used for processing, after the first slicing is finished, the histiocyte of the expanded stem piece is enlarged by 2-4 times compared with that before the expansion, the tissue structure is loose, and the water absorption is good. The gaps between the sheets are small, so that the sheets can be fully soaked in less solution in a short time when the soaking reaction separation is carried out, and the reaction liquid and the reaction time can be effectively saved. Meanwhile, the soaking reaction of the target biological enzyme plays a role in dissolving out bad components in the tobacco stems on one hand, and can better decompose lignin in the tobacco stems and neutralize macromolecular protein substances on the other hand, so that the wood gas and miscellaneous gas of the tobacco stems are reduced.
(7) And (3) dehydrating and drying: removing most of free water from the expanded stem pieces/expanded stem particles soaked in the step (6) through a multi-layer mesh belt extrusion dehydration device, and further drying the expanded stem pieces/expanded stem particles by using airflow drying equipment to ensure that the moisture content of the expanded stem pieces/expanded stem particles is 20-30%;
preferably, the soaked stem pieces/granules are conveyed to a multi-layer mesh belt squeezing and dewatering device, and free water is removed through squeezing. In some embodiments, a metal chain-row type extrusion device can be further installed, and the moisture can be controlled within 65% by applying a larger extrusion force to remove more moisture. And then conveying the primarily extruded and dehydrated stem slices/granules to airflow drying equipment for secondary drying and dehydration, and further drying the moisture of the stem slices/granules to 20-30%. In some embodiments, in order to ensure a better loosening effect of the stem pieces after the primary extrusion dehydration, the stem pieces can be conveyed to a loosening device for loosening, and then subjected to secondary air flow drying dehydration.
(8) Shredding: cutting the dehydrated and dried expanded stem slices in the step (7) into a filamentous form by using a tobacco cutter to prepare expanded stem shreds;
preferably, when the required product form is filiform, the expanded stem slices with the moisture content of 20-30% after dehydration and drying are conveyed to a shredder to be cut into filiform form. At this time, the width of the expanded cut stems is 0.8 mm-2.0 mm, the thickness is 0.8 mm-1.3 mm, the length is 8 mm-25 mm, and the moisture content is 20% -30%.
(9) And (3) drying: drying the expanded cut stems obtained in the step (8) or the expanded stem particles dehydrated and dried in the step (7), wherein the moisture content in the dried expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles is 10-18%; the adopted equipment for drying is microwave drying equipment or roller drying equipment;
preferably, the expanded cut stems/granules with 20-30% of moisture are further dried by a microwave drying device or a roller drying device. If the product is in the form of shreds, drying to 15% -18% of moisture, and then entering a screening system to screen and remove short shreds and powder to prepare the expanded cut stems. If the product is in the form of granules, the product is dried to 10% of moisture.
(10) Backfilling the gas-fog generating feed liquid: using a feed liquid backfilling device to backfill the aerosol-generating feed liquid into the dried expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles in the loading step (9); according to different taste absorbing requirements of products, the weight ratio of the backfill material liquid to the cut stems/particles is generally between 2:1 and 4: 1;
(11) wrapping tobacco powder: grinding the redried tobacco strips or tobacco shreds in different production areas or different parts into tobacco powder, and uniformly spraying and wrapping the tobacco powder on the surfaces of the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles obtained in the step (10) by using a powder spraying device;
in some embodiments, the proportion of the tobacco powder contained in the backfill material liquid in the step (10) is larger, at this time, the tobacco aroma concentration of the cut stems reaches the design requirement, the integral appearance of the cut stems is drier, the sticking phenomenon cannot occur, and at this time, the process link of wrapping the tobacco powder can be omitted.
(12) Extruding and curing: extruding the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles wrapped with the tobacco powder in the step (11) by a multi-layer mesh belt extrusion device or a conical row chain type mechanical extrusion device, so that the tobacco powder is solidified and attached to the surfaces of the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles;
in some embodiments, if step (11) is omitted, process step (12) may be omitted accordingly.
(13) Loosening and drying: in order to prevent the extruded cut stems/particles from being sticky, the expanded cut stems/expanded particle stems extruded and solidified in the step (11) are firstly loosened, then drying treatment is carried out through vibrating fluidized bed drying equipment and roller drying equipment, the moisture content is controlled to be less than or equal to 12%, and the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco shreds/microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco particles is prepared.
In a specific embodiment, after the expanded stem pieces absorb water, the state of the expanded stem pieces is similar to that of a sponge, the expanded stem pieces have good processing resistance, and the expanded stem pieces are basically not broken in the extrusion process of the rear section. When the tunnel type microwave drying is carried out, the molecular high-frequency vibration is generated inside the stem pieces under the action of the principle of synchronous heating inside and outside the microwave, the phenomenon that the stem pieces shrink and fold in the extrusion process can be well solved under the action of potential energy, and the yield of the stem shreds is improved. Meanwhile, the microwave equipment has higher efficiency and good controllability, and is favorable for ensuring the shredding effect of the rear section.
Preferably, the expanded cut stems/particles after the extrusion and solidification of the tobacco powder are dried by a vibration fluidized bed drying device and a roller drying device, the drying temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃, the moisture is controlled within 10 percent, and the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco shreds/particles is prepared.
When the invention is used for processing, after the first slicing is finished, the histiocyte of the expanded stem piece is enlarged by 2-4 times compared with that before the expansion, the tissue structure is loose, and the water absorption is excellent. The gaps between the sheets are small, so that the sheets can be fully soaked in less solution in a short time when the soaking reaction separation is carried out, and the reaction liquid and the reaction time can be effectively saved. Meanwhile, different from other processing modes which adopt an ethanol, water or other chemical solvents, the method uses water containing targeted biological enzyme for soaking reaction, on one hand, the method plays a role in dissolving out the bad components in the tobacco stems, on the other hand, the method can better decompose lignin in the tobacco stems, neutralize macromolecular protein substances and reduce the wood gas and miscellaneous gas of the tobacco stems.
Preferably, the target biological enzyme adopted in the step (6) is a target biological enzyme preparation compounded by cellulase, hemicellulase, protease and anti-coking reductase; the weight ratio of the expanded stem slices to the water containing the biological enzyme in the step (6) is 1: 10, the reaction temperature of the soaking reaction is 30-80 ℃, and the reaction time of the soaking reaction is 10-30 min;
preferably, the aerosol generating material liquid in the step (10) is a fluid extract formed by mixing a smoke agent consisting of propylene glycol and glycerol, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and a food gum in proportion, wherein the weight ratio of the smoke agent in the material liquid is 20-25%, the weight ratio of the tobacco extract is more than or equal to 30%, the weight ratio of the tobacco powder is more than or equal to 20%, the weight ratio of other extracts is less than or equal to 10% and the weight ratio of the food gum is less than or equal to 5%; the food gum is one or more of guar gum, gum arabic, carrageenan, xanthan gum, konjac gum and locust bean gum, and the other extracts are Chinese herbal medicine extract and fruit extract.
Preferably, the tobacco powder in the step (10) and the step (11) is formed by grinding the pieces or cut tobacco of flue-cured tobacco, air-cured tobacco, sun-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and other aromatic tobacco and then combining the pieces or the cut tobacco according to a certain proportion, and the size of the tobacco powder is 80-1200 meshes.
The related terms of the present invention and their explanations are as follows:
microwave expansion: the method is characterized in that a high-power microwave generator and specialized supporting equipment are utilized, microwave ray radiation is utilized to act on polar molecules in the expanded material, the polar molecules are enabled to generate high-frequency vibration, the polar molecules are heated through vibration friction to be rapidly heated and evaporated, and the generated potential energy and kinetic energy impact surrounding bounding barriers of the polar molecules, so that the material integrally shows an expansion effect macroscopically.
Soaking type reaction separation: the microwave expanded tobacco stem is completely soaked in water containing a biological enzyme preparation, wherein the biological enzyme is a biological enzyme with a targeting reaction effect, and particularly, the microwave expanded tobacco stem is an efficient separation mode for quickly decomposing and dissolving specific components in the tobacco stem, such as pectin, protein, starch, chloride ions, nitrate and the like.
A smoke agent: the aerosol-generating agent is an aerosol-generating agent mainly composed of propylene glycol and glycerin, and can promote generation of an aerosol during use of the product. Aerosol-generating agents are known in the art and include, but are not limited to: propylene glycol, glycerin, triethylene glycol, 1, 3-butylene glycol, ester compounds of polyhydric alcohols, and the like.
Backfilling the gas-fog generating feed liquid: the tobacco smoke-generating agent is prepared by mixing a smoke-generating agent, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and food gum in proportion to form a fluid extract, and the fluid extract is loaded and immersed into a cavity structure of cut stems or particles with main components removed from the interior or adhered to the surface of the cavity structure by a feeding device. In the known technology, the backfill feeding mode can be selected from immersion type or spraying type backfill under the normal pressure state, and in order to ensure that the fluid extract can enter more hollow cavity structures of the cut stems/particles, the feed liquid loading can also be carried out in a vacuum negative pressure mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the microwave tobacco stem expansion method adopts a microwave expansion process to expand the tobacco stems, the expansion degree is more than or equal to 200%, the volume of cells in the tobacco stems is increased by more than two times under the condition of not being damaged, and a multi-cavity structure similar to a honeycomb is formed. Meanwhile, the fibers in the tobacco stems are cured under the action of microwave irradiation heating, so that the wood smell of the fibers is obviously reduced.
(2) The invention creatively develops an optimized process for slicing the expanded tobacco stems, then carrying out soaking reaction separation and then shredding. The processing technology has no traditional process of pressing the stalks into slices and the soaking reaction is carried out after the slices are cut. Firstly, the shredding rate is greatly reduced; secondly, on the basis that the original components in the cut stems are removed, cells expanded by the microwaves in the cut stems are not damaged, the cut stems have good load capacity, and the cut stems present obvious three-dimensional volume.
(3) The expanded cut stem/expanded stem particle carrier used in the invention has excellent load capacity, the weight of backfill feed liquid can at least reach more than 2 times of the weight of the expanded cut stem/expanded stem particle carrier, and the expanded cut stem/expanded stem particle carrier plays an important role in improving the taste of products.
(4) The filiform fuming base material without the multi-cavity internal structure can not absorb the tobacco powder, the tobacco powder can only be bonded on the surface of the shreds at most through glue, the application amount of the tobacco powder is extremely limited, so that the subsequent production and processing are influenced by the powder falling condition, and the excessive glue usage amount can also influence the smell absorption. The backfill material liquid is combined with the characteristics of the carrier, the combination form of tobacco, Chinese herbal medicine, fruit extracts and tobacco powder is creatively used, on one hand, the formed fluid extract can be effectively added, the tobacco fragrance of the product is enriched, on the other hand, the tobacco powder can effectively adsorb oily components, so that the expanded cut stems can not or less cause oil seepage on the basis of loading a large proportion of oily extracts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A microwave expansion reconstituted tobacco shred is prepared by the following method and process steps:
(1) cutting the redried tobacco stems into small sections with the length of 2 cm for later use;
(2) and (3) expanding the small sections of tobacco stems obtained after cutting in the step (1) by using tunnel type solid medium microwave expansion equipment to obtain expanded tobacco stems. The expansion degree of the tobacco stems is 200%, and the moisture content of the expanded tobacco stems is 5%.
(3) Storing the expanded tobacco stems in a warehouse with the relative humidity of 30% and the temperature of 10 ℃ for 7 days;
(4) washing and dampening the stored expanded tobacco stems by water through a downstream multilayer tobacco stem washing machine to ensure that the moisture of the expanded tobacco stems is increased to 20%;
(5) cutting the moistened expanded tobacco stems into sheets by using a tobacco cutter, wherein the thickness of the expanded stem sheets is 0.8 mm, and performing air separation on stem heads in the expanded stem sheets by using a multi-stage air separation device to remove the expanded stem heads;
(6) conveying the expanded stem slices to continuous extraction equipment, and soaking with water containing biological enzyme. The weight ratio of the expanded stem slices to the water containing the biological enzyme is 1: 10, the temperature of the soaking water is 30 ℃, and the reaction time of the soaking type reaction is 10 min.
(7) Removing free water from the soaked expanded stem pieces through a multi-layer mesh belt extrusion dehydration device, and further drying the expanded stem pieces by using airflow drying equipment to obtain the expanded stem pieces with the water content of 20%;
(8) and conveying the dehydrated and dried expanded stem slices to a shredder, and cutting the stem slices into a filamentous form by the shredder to prepare the expanded cut stems. The width of the expanded cut stems is 0.8 mm, and the length of the expanded cut stems is 8 mm.
(9) Drying the expanded cut stems by adopting microwave drying equipment, wherein the moisture content in the expanded cut stems obtained after drying is 18%;
(10) and (3) backfilling the aerosol-generating material liquid into the dried expanded cut stems by using a roller-type material liquid backfilling device. The weight of the backfill aerosol generating feed liquid is 2 times of that of the backfilled expanded cut stems. The backfilled material liquid is a fluid extract formed by mixing a smoking agent, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and a food gum in proportion, wherein the weight ratio of the smoking agent to the tobacco extract is 20%, the weight ratio of the tobacco extract to the tobacco powder is 30%, the weight ratio of the tobacco powder to the tobacco powder is 38%, the weight ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine extract to the fruit extract to the food gum is 10%, and the weight ratio of the food gum to the tobacco extract to the fruit extract to the food gum is 2%. The smoke agent is composed of propylene glycol and glycerol, and the food gum is guar gum; the tobacco powder is prepared by grinding the redried tobacco flakes into powder, and the size of the tobacco powder is 80 meshes.
(11) Uniformly spraying and wrapping the tobacco powder in the step (10) on the surface of the expanded cut stems by using a powder spraying device;
(12) extruding the expanded cut stems wrapped with the tobacco powder in the step (11) through a multi-layer mesh belt extruding device, so that the tobacco powder is solidified and attached to the surfaces of the expanded cut stems;
(13) and loosening the extruded and cured expanded cut stems by using a loosening device, and drying the expanded cut stems by using vibrating fluidized bed drying equipment and roller drying equipment, wherein the moisture content is controlled to be 12%. Preparing the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco shreds.
Example 2
A microwave expansion reconstituted tobacco shred is prepared by the following method and process steps:
(1) cutting the redried tobacco stems into small sections with the length of 8 cm for later use;
(2) and (3) expanding the small sections of tobacco stems obtained after cutting in the step (1) by using tunnel type solid medium microwave expansion equipment to obtain expanded tobacco stems. The expansion degree of the tobacco stems is 400%, and the moisture content of the expanded tobacco stems is 8%.
(3) Storing the expanded tobacco stems in a warehouse with the relative humidity of 60% and the temperature of 35 ℃ for 30 days;
(4) washing and dampening the stored expanded tobacco stems by water through a downstream multilayer tobacco stem washing machine to ensure that the moisture of the expanded tobacco stems is increased to 30%;
(5) cutting the moistened expanded tobacco stems into sheets by using a tobacco cutter, wherein the thickness of the expanded stem sheets is 1.3 mm, and performing air separation on stem heads in the expanded stem sheets by using a multi-stage air separation device to remove the expanded stem heads;
(6) and (3) conveying the loosened expanded stem slices into continuous extraction equipment, and soaking the expanded stem slices in water containing biological enzyme. The weight ratio of the expanded stem slices to the water containing the biological enzyme is 1: 10, the temperature of the soaking water is 80 ℃, and the reaction time of the soaking type reaction is 30 min.
(7) Continuously extruding the soaked expanded stem slices by a trapezoidal metal chain-row type extrusion device to remove free water, feeding the extruded and dehydrated stem slices into a loosening device for loosening, and further drying the stem slices by using an airflow drying device to prepare the expanded stem slices with the water content of 30%;
(8) and conveying the dehydrated and dried expanded stem slices to a shredder, and cutting the stem slices into a filamentous form by the shredder to prepare the expanded cut stems. The width of the expanded cut stems is 2.0 mm, and the length of the expanded cut stems is 25 mm.
(9) Drying the expanded cut stems by adopting roller drying equipment, wherein the moisture content in the expanded cut stems obtained after drying is 16%;
(10) and backfilling the aerosol-generating material liquid into the dried expanded cut stems by using a vacuum negative-pressure material liquid backfilling device. The weight of the backfill aerosol generating feed liquid is 4 times of that of the backfilled expanded cut stems. The backfilled material liquid is a fluid extract formed by mixing a smoke agent, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and a food gum in proportion, wherein the weight ratio of the smoke agent is 25%, the weight ratio of the tobacco extract is 42%, the weight ratio of the tobacco powder is 20%, the weight ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine extract to the fruit extract is 8%, and the weight ratio of the food gum is 5%. The smoke agent is composed of propylene glycol and glycerol, and the food gum is the combination of guar gum and locust bean gum; the tobacco powder is formed by grinding the tobacco shreds of flue-cured tobacco and burley tobacco and combining the ground tobacco shreds according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and the size of the tobacco powder is 1200 meshes.
(11) And loosening the expanded cut stems filled with the feed liquid by using a loosening device, and drying the cut stems by using vibrating fluidized bed drying equipment and roller drying equipment, wherein the moisture content is controlled to be 10%. Preparing the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco shreds.
Example 3
A microwave-expanded reconstituted tobacco particle is prepared by the following method and process steps:
(1) cutting the redried tobacco stems into small sections with the length of 4 cm for later use;
(2) and (3) expanding the small sections of tobacco stems obtained after cutting in the step (1) by using tunnel type solid medium microwave expansion equipment to obtain expanded tobacco stems. The expansion degree of the tobacco stems is 300%, and the moisture content of the expanded tobacco stems is 6%.
(3) Storing the expanded tobacco stems in a warehouse with the relative humidity of 40% and the temperature of 26 ℃ for 15 days;
(4) washing and dampening the stored expanded tobacco stems by water through a concurrent single-layer stem washing machine to enable the moisture of the expanded tobacco stems to rise to 28%;
(5) preparing the humidified expanded tobacco stems into expanded stem particles by using a granulator, wherein the particle size of the expanded stem particles is 20 meshes;
(6) conveying the expanded stem particles to continuous extraction equipment, and soaking the expanded stem particles in water containing biological enzymes. The weight ratio of the expanded stem slices to the water containing the biological enzyme is 1: 10, the temperature of the soaking water is 60 ℃, and the reaction time of the soaking type reaction is 20 min.
(7) Removing free water from the soaked expanded stem particles through a multi-layer mesh belt extrusion dehydration device, and further drying the expanded stem particles by using airflow drying equipment to prepare expanded stem particles with the moisture content of 25%;
(8) drying the expanded stem particles by adopting microwave drying equipment, wherein the moisture content in the dried expanded stem particles is 10%;
(9) and (3) backfilling the aerosol-generating feed liquid into the dried expanded stem particles by using a roller-type feed liquid backfilling device. The weight of the backfill aerosol generating feed liquid is 3 times of that of the backfilled expanded stem particles. The backfilled material liquid is a fluid extract formed by mixing a smoke agent, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and a food gum in proportion, wherein the smoke agent accounts for 22 wt%, the tobacco extract accounts for 38 wt%, the tobacco powder accounts for 30 wt%, the Chinese herbal medicine extract accounts for 6 wt%, and the food gum accounts for 4 wt%. The smoke agent is composed of propylene glycol and glycerol, and the food gum is the combination of Arabic gum and konjac gum; the tobacco powder is prepared by grinding the redried tobacco strips of flue-cured tobacco, sun-cured tobacco and aromatic tobacco into powder according to the proportion of 1:1:1, and the size of the tobacco powder is 200 meshes.
(10) Uniformly spraying and wrapping the tobacco powder in the step (9) on the surfaces of the expanded stem particles through a powder spraying device;
(11) extruding the expanded stem particles wrapped with the tobacco powder in the step (10) through a conical chain-row type mechanical extrusion device, so that the tobacco powder is solidified and attached to the surfaces of the expanded stem particles;
(12) and loosening the extruded and cured expanded stem particles by using a loosening device, and drying by using a vibrating fluidized bed drying device and a roller drying device, wherein the water content is controlled to be 9%. Preparing the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco particles.
Example 4
A microwave-expanded reconstituted tobacco particle is prepared by the following method and process steps:
(1) cutting the redried tobacco stems into small sections with the length of 6 cm for later use;
(2) and (3) expanding the small sections of tobacco stems obtained after cutting in the step (1) by using tunnel type solid medium microwave expansion equipment to obtain expanded tobacco stems. The expansion degree of the tobacco stems is 230 percent, and the moisture content of the expanded tobacco stems is 7 percent.
(3) Storing the expanded tobacco stems in a warehouse with the relative humidity of 50% and the temperature of 24 ℃ for 20 days;
(4) washing and dampening the stored expanded tobacco stems by water through a concurrent single-layer stem washing machine to enable the moisture of the expanded tobacco stems to rise to 26%;
(5) preparing the humidified expanded tobacco stems into expanded stem particles by using a granulator, wherein the particle size of the expanded stem particles is 40 meshes;
(6) conveying the expanded stem particles to continuous extraction equipment, and soaking the expanded stem particles in water containing biological enzymes. The weight ratio of the expanded stem slices to the water containing the biological enzyme is 1: 10, the temperature of soaking water is 40 ℃, and the reaction time of the soaking reaction is 25 min.
(7) Continuously extruding the soaked expanded stem particles by a trapezoidal metal chain-row type extrusion device to remove free water, and further drying the expanded stem particles by using airflow drying equipment to prepare expanded stem particles with the water content of 22%;
(8) drying the expanded stem particles by adopting microwave drying equipment, wherein the moisture content in the expanded stem particles obtained after drying is 16%;
(9) and (3) backfilling the aerosol-generating feed liquid into the dried expanded stem particles by using a roller-type feed liquid backfilling device. The weight of the backfill aerosol generating feed liquid is 2.5 times of that of the backfilled expanded stem particles. The backfilled material liquid is a fluid extract formed by mixing a smoke agent, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and a food gum in proportion, wherein the weight ratio of the smoke agent is 25%, the weight ratio of the tobacco extract is 32%, the weight ratio of the tobacco powder is 35%, the weight ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine extract to the fruit extract is 5%, and the weight ratio of the food gum is 3%. The smoke agent is composed of propylene glycol and glycerol, and the food gum is xanthan gum; the tobacco powder is prepared by grinding the redried tobacco strips of sun-cured tobacco and aromatic tobacco into powder according to the proportion of 1:1, and the size of the tobacco powder is 400 meshes.
(10) And loosening the expanded stem particles after backfilling the feed liquid by using a loosening device, and drying by using vibrating fluidized bed drying equipment and roller drying equipment, wherein the water content is controlled to be 5%. Preparing the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco particles.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco threads/particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing tobacco stalk raw materials: cutting the redried tobacco stems into small sections with the length of 2-8 cm for later use;
(2) microwave expansion: expanding the small sections of tobacco stems obtained after cutting in the step (1) by using continuous microwave expansion equipment to obtain expanded tobacco stems;
(3) and (3) storage of the expanded stems: storing the expanded tobacco stems obtained in the step (2) for 7-30 days in an environment with the relative humidity of 30-60% and the temperature of 10-35 ℃;
(4) moisture returning and stem moistening: dampening the expanded tobacco stems stored in the step (3) by using water to ensure that the moisture of the expanded tobacco stems is increased to 20-30%;
(5) slicing/granulating: cutting the expanded tobacco stems subjected to moisture regaining in the step (4) into sheets by using a tobacco cutter to obtain expanded stem sheets and expanded stem heads; carrying out air separation on the expanded stem pieces and the expanded stem heads by using air separation equipment, and removing the expanded stem heads; or preparing the moistened expanded tobacco stems into expanded stem particles by using a granulator;
(6) soaking type reaction separation: soaking the expanded stem slices/expanded stem particles obtained in the step (5) in water containing targeted biological enzyme to separate pectin, protein, carbohydrate substances, organic acid substances, chloride ions and nitrogen-containing compounds in the tobacco stems;
(7) and (3) dehydrating and drying: removing most of free water from the expanded stem pieces/expanded stem particles soaked in the step (6) through a multi-layer mesh belt extrusion dehydration device, and further drying the expanded stem pieces/expanded stem particles by using airflow drying equipment to obtain the expanded stem pieces/expanded stem particles with the water content of 20-30%;
(8) shredding: cutting the dehydrated and dried expanded stem slices in the step (7) into a filamentous form by using a tobacco cutter to prepare expanded stem shreds;
(9) and (3) drying: drying the expanded cut stems obtained in the step (8) or the expanded stem particles dehydrated and dried in the step (7), wherein the moisture content in the dried expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles is 10-18%; the adopted equipment for drying is microwave drying equipment or roller drying equipment;
(10) backfilling the gas-fog generating feed liquid: backfilling the aerosol-generating feed liquid into the dried expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles obtained in step (9) by using a feed liquid backfilling device; the weight ratio of the backfilled aerosol generating feed liquid to the dried expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles is more than or equal to 2;
(11) wrapping tobacco powder: grinding the redried tobacco strips or tobacco shreds in different production areas or different parts into tobacco powder, and uniformly spraying and wrapping the tobacco powder on the surfaces of the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles obtained in the step (10) by using a powder spraying device;
(12) extruding and curing: extruding the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles wrapped with the tobacco powder in the step (11) by a multi-layer mesh belt extrusion device or a conical row chain type mechanical extrusion device, so that the tobacco powder is solidified and attached to the surfaces of the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles;
(13) loosening and drying: and (3) loosening the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles extruded and solidified in the step (11), drying the expanded cut stems/expanded stem particles by using a vibrating fluidized bed drying device and a roller drying device, and controlling the moisture content to be less than or equal to 12% to prepare the finished product of the microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco shreds/microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco particles.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein said continuous microwave expansion device of step (2) is a tunnel-type solid medium microwave expansion device or a roller-type superheated gas medium microwave expansion device; the expansion degree of the continuous microwave tobacco stem expansion equipment is 200-400 percent; the moisture content in the expanded tobacco stems in the step (2) is 5% -8%.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the expanded stem sheet obtained in step (5) is from 0.8 mm to 1.3 mm, and the size of the expanded stem granules is from 10 mesh to 100 mesh.
4. The method for preparing microwave-bulking recombinant tobacco shreds/granules according to claim 1, wherein the biological enzyme used in step (6) is a targeted biological enzyme preparation prepared by compounding cellulase, hemicellulase, protease and anti-coking reductase; the weight ratio of the expanded stem slices in the step (6) to the water containing the targeted biological enzyme is 1: 10, the temperature of the water containing the target biological enzyme is 30-80 ℃, and the reaction time of the soaking reaction is 10-30 min.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the expanded cut stem produced in step (8) has a width of from 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm and a length of from 8 mm to 25 mm.
6. The method for preparing microwave expanded reconstituted tobacco shreds/particles according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol-generating feed liquid in step (10) is a fluid extract formed by mixing and preparing a smoking agent, a tobacco extract, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a fruit extract, tobacco powder and a food gum in proportion, wherein the weight ratio of the smoking agent in the feed liquid is 20% -25%, the weight ratio of the tobacco extract is more than or equal to 30%, the weight ratio of the tobacco powder is more than or equal to 20%, the weight ratio of other extracts is less than or equal to 10%, and the weight ratio of the food gum is less than or equal to 5%; the smoke agent is composed of propylene glycol and glycerol, and the food gum is one or more of guar gum, gum arabic, carrageenan, xanthan gum, konjac gum and locust bean gum; the other extracts are Chinese herbal medicine extract and fruit extract.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said tobacco powder is formed by grinding and combining pieces or pieces of tobacco redried from flue-cured tobacco, air-cured tobacco, sun-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and other spices in a ratio, and the size of the tobacco powder is 80-1200 mesh.
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| CN108703398A (en) * | 2018-09-01 | 2018-10-26 | 江西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of high cigarette perfume heating not burning tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN109363230A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-22 | 云南恒罡科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to heat cigarette smoker particles inside material and preparation method thereof of not burning |
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2019
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| CN103932380A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-23 | 智思控股集团有限公司 | Tobacco stem soaking extracting processing method for tobacco stem reproducing technology |
| CN104223348A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-24 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method by combining biological enzyme and microwave expansion technologies to improve quality of tobacco stems |
| CN105105313A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-12-02 | 周川 | Preparation process of expanded stem products by microwave |
| CN108703398A (en) * | 2018-09-01 | 2018-10-26 | 江西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of high cigarette perfume heating not burning tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN109363230A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-22 | 云南恒罡科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to heat cigarette smoker particles inside material and preparation method thereof of not burning |
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