CN112163780A - Wind-solar complementary system-hydrogen storage capacity planning method and system - Google Patents
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning method and a system. The method comprises the following steps: calculating the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system; calculating the net benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system according to the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system; acquiring a constraint condition; determining the maximum value of the net gain of the system according to the constraint condition; and determining the capacity of the hydrogen production-storage system when the net benefit of the system is maximum. The invention can reasonably distribute renewable energy sources for integration and development of a power grid, and the hydrogen production-storage system obtains system benefits to the maximum extent under the condition of meeting regional hydrogen energy demand, and obtains the optimal hydrogen production system scale under different hydrogen production modes by considering the punishment cost of wind abandonment and light abandonment and hydrogen energy supply shortage and the environmental benefit of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage capacity planning, in particular to a wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning method and system.
Background
The development of conventional energy power generation technology is restricted by the pollution problem and the energy exhaustion problem of conventional energy, and new energy power generation grid-connected operation is more and more attracted by people with the development of new energy power generation technology in recent years. Wind energy and solar energy power generation are two of new energy power generation which have development prospects.
However, the new energy power generation has the characteristics of randomness and volatility, and the uncertainty of the effective capacity and the output power of the new energy brings many challenges to the power and electric quantity balance calculation. The complexity and uncertainty problems of medium-and long-term power and electric quantity balance after large-scale grid connection are obviously increased. Adversely affecting the stable operation of the system.
Scholars at home and abroad make a lot of researches on the problem of power and electricity balance of new energy grid connection, and most researches are to solve the problem of consumption of new energy grid connection through adjustment of conventional units under the condition that the power generation proportion of new energy is not high
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production-hydrogen storage capacity planning method and system, which can reasonably distribute renewable energy sources for integration and development of a power grid and obtain the optimal hydrogen production system scale under different hydrogen production modes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning method comprises the following steps:
calculating the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system;
calculating the net benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system according to the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system;
acquiring a constraint condition;
determining the maximum value of the net gain of the system according to the constraint condition;
and determining the capacity of the hydrogen production-storage system when the net benefit of the system is maximum.
Alternatively, the cost and benefits of the system for producing-storing hydrogen include: investment cost, system annual operation maintenance cost, system electricity purchasing cost from a power grid, wind and light abandoning punishment cost, hydrogen shortage punishment cost, market-oriented hydrogen selling and receiving of the system, power supply income of the system to the power grid, environmental income of reducing pollution discharge of a coal-fired unit by the system power on the grid and environmental income of wind, light and electricity hydrogen production.
Optionally, the constraint condition includes: the method comprises the following steps of power balance constraint, system operation equivalent power balance constraint, grid-connected power constraint, hydrogen storage tank capacity limitation and system hydrogen supply reliability limitation.
Alternatively, the cost of the hydrogen production-storage system is calculated as follows:
M＝Ch+Ce+Cen1+Cen2-CC-COM-CS-Cwp.cut-Cph
wherein, CCTo investment costs, COMFor annual operating maintenance costs of the system, CSCost of electricity purchase from the grid for the system, Cwp.cutPenalizing costs for wind and light rejection, CphPenalizing the cost for hydrogen deficiency, ChFor the system market-oriented hydrogen sales revenue, CeRevenue of power supply of the system to the grid, Cen1Environmental benefits of reducing coal-fired unit pollution discharge for system on-line electricity quantity, Cen2The environmental benefit for the wind, light and electricity hydrogen production is gained.
Optionally, the investment cost CCThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein: n is a radical ofiSpecific capacity, N, of each unit of equipment for making a hydrogen storage system1、N2、N3And N4Unit capacity, C, of the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, fuel cell and electricity transmission project, respectivelyiUnit price per unit capacity of each equipment for making hydrogen storage system, C1、C2、C3And C4Unit price per unit capacity of electrolytic cell, hydrogen storage tank and fuel cell power transmission project, r is depreciation rate, LiThe engineering age is the engineering age.
Optionally, the system annual operating maintenance cost COMAnd the system purchases electricity cost C from the power gridSThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein liThe operation and maintenance cost of each equipment for manufacturing the hydrogen storage system is in proportion to the initial investment, Ps(t) Power purchase to the grid in real time, ζS(t) isAnd (5) real-time electricity price for purchasing electricity to the power grid.
Optionally, the wind curtailment and light curtailment penalty cost Cwp.cutAnd hydrogen deficiency punished as CphThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]wt、Pwt.curt(t) and ζwp(t) punishment cost coefficients of wind abandoning and light abandoning, wind abandoning and light abandoning power and wind-solar power generation internet access electricity price are respectively; lambda [ alpha ]phPenalty cost factor for hydrogen energy shortage, ζph(t) real-time hydrogen price on the market, Ddm(t) real-time demand for Hydrogen energy, Dsh(T) the real-time available amount of hydrogen energy, T being the number of points in the selected sampling interval.
Alternatively, the system is directed to a market Hydrogen sales revenue ChAnd the power supply income C of the system to the power grideThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, Pgs(t) is wind power on-line power, PfcAnd (t) is the real-time working power of the fuel cell.
Optionally, the system is used for reducing the environmental benefit C of coal-fired unit pollution dischargeen1Environmental benefits of wind-solar-photovoltaic hydrogen production Cen2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein N is the pollutant type quantity, tau, discharged by the traditional coal-fired unitpIs the charging standard of unit pollution equivalent value of thermal power generation, taukIs the charging standard of the unit pollution equivalent value of hydrogen production from coal, nkAnd mukRespectively the unit emission and the pollution equivalent value of the pollutant k, P, caused by the coal-fired unitel(t) is the real-time operating power of the electrolyzer, eelEnergy consumption for electrolytic hydrogen production ecomEnergy consumption for compressing hydrogen.
The invention also provides a wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning system, which comprises:
the cost and income calculation module is used for calculating the cost and income of the hydrogen production-storage system;
a net gain calculation module for calculating net gains of the hydrogen production-storage system according to the cost and gains of the hydrogen production-storage system;
the constraint condition acquisition module is used for acquiring constraint conditions;
the benefit maximum value determining module is used for determining the maximum value of the net benefit of the system according to the constraint condition;
and the capacity determining module is used for determining the capacity of the hydrogen production-storage system when the net income of the system is maximum.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a wind-light complementary hydrogen production-storage capacity planning method and system under the condition of large-scale renewable energy grid connection, which reasonably distributes renewable energy for integration and development of a power grid, and a hydrogen production-storage system obtains system benefits to the maximum extent under the condition of meeting regional hydrogen energy requirements, considers the punishment cost of wind light abandonment and hydrogen energy supply shortage and the environmental benefits of the system, and obtains the optimal hydrogen production system scale under different hydrogen production modes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a wind-solar hybrid generation-hydrogen storage capacity planning method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production-hydrogen storage capacity planning method and system, which can reasonably distribute renewable energy sources for integration and development of a power grid and obtain the optimal hydrogen production system scale under different hydrogen production modes.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for planning wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity includes:
step 101: and calculating the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system.
The system cost is as follows:
annual investment costs of electrolyzer, compressor, hydrogen storage tank, fuel cell CC：
In the formula: n is a radical ofiSpecific capacity, N, of each unit of equipment for making a hydrogen storage system1、N2、N3And N4Unit capacity, C, of the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, fuel cell and electricity transmission project, respectivelyiUnit price per unit capacity of each equipment for making hydrogen storage system, C1、C2、C3And C4Unit prices per unit capacity of an electrolytic cell, a hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell in a power transmission project, r is a depreciation rate and LiAnd (5) engineering age limit.
Annual operating maintenance cost of the system COMThe system purchases electricity from the power grid at a cost CS：
Pwp(t)＝Pwt(t)+Ppv(t)
In the formula: liThe operation and maintenance cost of each equipment for manufacturing the hydrogen storage system is in proportion to the initial investment, Ps(t) Power purchase to the grid in real time, ζS(t) real-time electricity prices for purchasing electricity from the grid, Ppv(t) represents the real-time generated power of the photovoltaic power plant, Pwt(t) represents the real-time generated power of the wind farm.
Wind and light abandon penalty cost Cwp.cutPenalty cost for hydrogen deficiency Cph：
In the formula: lambda [ alpha ]wt、Pwt.curt(t) and ζwp(t) punishment cost coefficients of wind abandoning and light abandoning, wind abandoning and light abandoning power and wind-solar power generation internet access electricity price are respectively; lambda [ alpha ]phPenalty cost factor for hydrogen energy shortage, ζph(t) real-time hydrogen price on the market, Ddm(t) real-time hydrogen energy demand, Dsh(T) the real-time available amount of hydrogen energy, T being the number of points in the selected sampling interval.
And (4) system yield:
system market-oriented hydrogen sales revenue Ch(ii) a System power supply income C to power gride：
Wherein, Pgs(t) is wind power on-line power, PfcAnd (t) is the real-time working power of the fuel cell.
Environmental benefit C of reducing coal-fired unit pollution discharge for system power on-line electric quantityen1：
In the formula: n is the number of the types of pollutants discharged by the traditional coal-fired unit, taupIs a charging standard of unit pollution equivalent value of thermal power generation, nkAnd mukThe unit emission amount and the pollution equivalent value of the pollutant k caused by the coal-fired unit are respectively.
Wind-solar-electricity hydrogen production environmental benefit Cen2：
Pel(t) is the real-time operating power of the electrolyzer, eelEnergy consumption for electrolytic hydrogen production, ecomEnergy consumption for compressing hydrogen, τkIs the charging standard of the unit pollution equivalent value of the hydrogen produced by coal.
The net profit M of the system is:
M＝Ch+Ce+Cen1+Cen2-CC-COM-CS-Cwp.cut-Cph
step 102: and calculating the net benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system according to the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system.
Step 103: and acquiring constraint conditions.
(1) And (3) real-time working power constraint of the electrolytic cell: the optimal working interval of the electrolytic cell is 50% -100% of rated power, and the simplified model is as follows:
Pel.min≤Pel(t)≤Pel.max
Pel.min＝0.5·Pel.max
in the formula, Pel(t) is the real-time working power of the electrolyzer, Pel.min、Pel.maxRespectively the minimum operating power and the maximum power of the electrolytic cell.
(2) And (3) real-time working power constraint of the fuel cell: the fuel cell operating power is 10% -100% of rated power, and the simplified model is as follows:
Pfc(t)＝Hfc(t)×ηfc×HLHV
Pfc.min≤Pfc(t)≤Pfc.max
Pfc.min＝10％·Pfc.max
Pfc(t) real-time operating power of the fuel cell, Hfc(t) is the real-time hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell in kg; etafcFor the operating efficiency of the cell, HLHVIs a low calorific value of hydrogen of 120MJ/kg (33.3 kWh/kg); pfc.maxIs the maximum operating power, also the rated power, P, of the fuel cellfc.minIs the minimum operating power of the fuel cell.
(3) And power balance constraint:
Pgs(t)+Pwp.curt(t)+Pel(t)＝Pwp(t)
in the formula: pwp(t) wind and photovoltaic output, Pwp.curt(t) is the power of abandoned wind and abandoned light, Pgs(t) wind power grid power, Pel(t) inputting power to the electrolytic cell.
(4) And (3) system operation equivalent power balance constraint:
the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer, after being compressed by the compressor, can be sold directly or stored in a hydrogen storage facility, which can be designated as follows.
Qin(t) the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer at time t and compressed by the compressor into the hydrogen storage tank, Pel(t) is the power input to the cell. Energy consumption e of hydrogen production by electrolysisel(HLHV/ηelkWh/kg) and energy consumption e for compressing hydrogencom(kWh/kg)。
The amount of hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage apparatus at each moment may be expressed as:
Qtan(t)＝Qtan(t-1)+Qin(t)-Qsh(t)-Qfc(t)
Dsh(t)＝Qsh(t)·
in the formula: qtan(t-1) and Qtan(t) the amounts of hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank at times t-1 and t, respectively; qsh(t) the amount of hydrogen sold at time t, QfcAnd (t) is the amount of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell at time t, and is the mass volume fraction of hydrogen at high pressure, kg/L.
(5) And (3) grid-connected power constraint:
0≤Pgs(t)+Pfc(t)≤Pbw
Pbwrepresenting the upper limit of power incorporation into the grid.
(6) Capacity limitation of the hydrogen storage tank:
0.1·Qtan≤Qtan(t)≤0.9·Qtan
(7) and (3) limiting the reliability of hydrogen supply of the system:
because the invention considers the capability of a large-scale hydrogen production-storage system for providing load hydrogen demand, the hydrogen supply reliability of the system is represented by the hydrogen deficiency rate (HSSP), which is defined as:
t is the total duration, T represents the time, and obviously, the smaller the HSSP, the higher the hydrogen supply reliability.
Step 104: and determining the maximum value of the net gain of the system according to the constraint condition.
Step 105: and determining the capacity of the hydrogen production-storage system when the net benefit of the system is maximum.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning system, which includes:
and a cost and profit calculation module 201 for calculating the cost and profit of the hydrogen production-storage system.
A net benefit calculation module 202 for calculating net benefits of the hydrogen production-storage system based on the costs and benefits of the hydrogen production-storage system.
And a constraint condition obtaining module 203, configured to obtain a constraint condition.
And a benefit maximum determination module 204, configured to determine a maximum value of the net benefit of the system according to the constraint condition.
A capacity determination module 205 for determining a capacity of the hydrogen storage system at which the net gain of the system is maximized.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system;
calculating the net benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system according to the cost and the benefit of the hydrogen production-storage system;
acquiring a constraint condition;
determining the maximum value of the net gain of the system according to the constraint condition;
and determining the capacity of the hydrogen production-storage system when the net benefit of the system is maximum.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cost and benefits of the system for hydrogen generation and storage comprise: investment cost, system annual operation maintenance cost, system electricity purchasing cost from a power grid, wind and light abandoning punishment cost, hydrogen shortage punishment cost, market-oriented hydrogen selling and receiving of the system, power supply income of the system to the power grid, environmental income of reducing pollution discharge of a coal-fired unit by the system power on the grid and environmental income of wind, light and electricity hydrogen production.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the constraints comprise: the method comprises the following steps of electrolyzer real-time working power constraint, fuel cell real-time working power constraint, power balance constraint, system operation equivalent power balance constraint, grid-connected power constraint, hydrogen storage tank capacity limitation and system hydrogen supply reliability limitation.
4. The method for planning the wind-solar hybrid hydrogen production-storage capacity according to claim 2, wherein the cost of the hydrogen production-storage system is calculated according to the following formula:
M＝Ch+Ce+Cen1+Cen2-CC-COM-CS-Cwp.cut-Cph
wherein, CCTo investment costs, COMFor annual operating maintenance costs of the system, CSCost of electricity purchase from the grid for the system, Cwp.cutPenalizing costs for wind and light rejection, CphPenalizing the cost for hydrogen deficiency, ChFor the system market-oriented hydrogen sales revenue, CeRevenue of power supply of the system to the grid, Cen1Environmental benefits of reducing coal-fired unit pollution discharge for system on-line electricity quantity, Cen2The environmental benefit for the wind, light and electricity hydrogen production is gained.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the investment cost C isCThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein: n is a radical ofiSpecific capacity, N, of each unit of equipment for making a hydrogen storage system1、N2、N3And N4Unit capacity, C, of the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, fuel cell and electricity transmission project, respectivelyiUnit price per unit capacity of each equipment for making hydrogen storage system, C1、C2、C3And C4Unit price per unit capacity of electrolytic cell, hydrogen storage tank and fuel cell power transmission project, r is depreciation rate, LiThe engineering age is the engineering age.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the system annual operating maintenance cost COMAnd the system purchases electricity cost C from the power gridSThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein liThe operation and maintenance cost of each equipment for manufacturing the hydrogen storage system is in proportion to the initial investment, Ps(t) Power purchase to the grid in real time, ζSAnd (t) the real-time electricity price for purchasing electricity to the power grid.
7. The wind-solar hybrid hydrogen storage capacity planning method according to claim 5, wherein the wind curtailment and light curtailment penalty cost Cwp.cutAnd hydrogen deficiency punished as CphThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]wt、Pwt.curt(t) and ζwp(t) punishment cost coefficients of wind abandoning and light abandoning, wind abandoning and light abandoning power and wind-solar power generation internet access electricity price are respectively; lambda [ alpha ]phPenalty cost factor for hydrogen energy shortage, ζph(t) real-time hydrogen price on the market, Ddm(t) real-time hydrogen energy demand, Dsh(T) the real-time available amount of hydrogen energy, T being the number of points in the selected sampling interval.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the system provides a market oriented hydrogen sales revenue ChAnd the power supply income C of the system to the power grideThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, Pgs(t) is wind power on-line power, PfcAnd (t) is the real-time working power of the fuel cell.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the environmental benefit C of reducing coal-fired unit pollution discharge is reduced by the amount of electricity on the griden1Environmental benefits of wind-solar-photovoltaic hydrogen production Cen2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein N is the pollutant type quantity, tau, discharged by the traditional coal-fired unitpIs the charging standard of unit pollution equivalent value of thermal power generation, taukIs the charging standard of the unit pollution equivalent value of hydrogen production from coal, nkAnd mukRespectively the unit emission and the pollution equivalent value of the pollutant k, P, caused by the coal-fired unitel(t) is the real-time operating power of the electrolyzer, eelEnergy consumption for electrolytic hydrogen production ecomEnergy consumption for compressing hydrogen.
10. A wind-solar hybrid system-hydrogen storage capacity planning system is characterized by comprising:
the cost and income calculation module is used for calculating the cost and income of the hydrogen production-storage system;
a net gain calculation module for calculating net gains of the hydrogen production-storage system according to the cost and gains of the hydrogen production-storage system;
the constraint condition acquisition module is used for acquiring constraint conditions;
the benefit maximum value determining module is used for determining the maximum value of the net benefit of the system according to the constraint condition;
and the capacity determining module is used for determining the capacity of the hydrogen production-storage system when the net income of the system is maximum.
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| CN113592325A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-02 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | On-site hydrogen production hydrogenation station system and electric quantity distribution method thereof |
| CN114331028A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 国能大渡河流域水电开发有限公司 | Renewable energy network operation determination method based on hydrogen energy and related device |
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