CN113315242B - Virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production combination for promoting wind abandoning consumption based on hydrogen energy economy - Google Patents
Virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production combination for promoting wind abandoning consumption based on hydrogen energy economy Download PDFInfo
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen production combination for promoting abandoned wind consumption based on hydrogen energy economy, which consists of a virtual power plant and a virtual hydrogen production center, wherein the virtual power plant consists of a VPP control center and a wind power plant, a photovoltaic plant, a water electric field, a fire electric field, a controllable load and an energy storage facility which are controlled by the VPP control center, the virtual hydrogen production center consists of a VHPC control center and hydrogen production stations, and each hydrogen production station consists of a coal hydrogen production device, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a gas tank for storing hydrogen; the virtual power plant transmits surplus electric energy to hydrogen production stations located in a virtual hydrogen production center through a power transmission and distribution network, and each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center reduces the power purchasing quantity of the power network by utilizing low-cost abandoned wind hydrogen production and realizes partial replacement of electrolytic hydrogen production on coal hydrogen production under the condition of higher abandoned wind power quantity. The invention realizes the unified coordination and management of a large number of new energy generator sets and a large number of distributed hydrogen generation stations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment and electrical engineering, in particular to a virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen production combination for economically promoting abandoned wind consumption based on hydrogen energy.
Background
Under the promotion of the aim of sustainable development, with the rapid development of wind power generation, the uncertainty of output, the anti-peak regulation characteristic and the reverse distribution of resources and loads in China cause serious wind abandon in the region of the three north, and the method becomes one of the main technical bottlenecks for restricting the development of new energy mainly comprising wind power and photovoltaic into the first main power supply in China. Meanwhile, hydrogen can attract high attention of all social circles by virtue of the characteristics of high heat value, easiness in storage, environmental friendliness, wide sources and wide application. As a final solution to the energy problem, hydrogen energy economy makes it a hot topic to utilize the electrolytic hydrogen production technology to promote wind power consumption.
The existing wind power hydrogen production demonstration project and related research in China mostly use a wind power plant or a comprehensive energy system as background, and hydrogen energy is fed back to an electricity and heat energy system in modes of a fuel cell and the like after hydrogen production and storage are carried out only by considering surplus power, so that the hydrogen energy can be consumed on site. On one hand, however, the hydrogen energy requirement of the electric and thermal system is very limited, and the task of large-scale wind power consumption is difficult to complete; on the other hand, wind energy enrichment areas and hydrogen energy load centers in China are in reverse distribution, and the hydrogen energy consumption capacity in areas with serious wind abandon is very limited. Therefore, based on the current situation that the power transmission cost is far lower than the hydrogen transmission cost, the electric heating energy system, the industrial field, the traffic field and other fields are combined, long-distance power transmission is matched, large-scale surplus wind power consumption is realized by utilizing hydrogen energy economy, and the method has research significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production combination for promoting wind abandoning and absorption based on hydrogen energy economy, and realizes the unified coordination and management of a large number of new energy generator sets and a large number of distributed hydrogen production stations.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen production combination for promoting abandoned wind consumption based on hydrogen energy economy comprises a virtual power plant and a virtual hydrogen production center, wherein the virtual power plant comprises a VPP control center and a wind power plant, a photovoltaic field, a hydroelectric field, a fire electric field, a controllable load and an energy storage facility controlled by the VPP control center, the virtual hydrogen production center comprises a VHPC control center and hydrogen production stations, and each hydrogen production station comprises a coal hydrogen production device, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage tank; the virtual power plant transmits surplus electric energy to hydrogen production stations located in a virtual hydrogen production center through a power transmission and distribution network, and each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center reduces the power purchasing quantity of the power network by utilizing low-cost abandoned wind hydrogen production and realizes partial replacement of electrolytic hydrogen production on coal hydrogen production under the condition of higher abandoned wind power quantity.
Establishing a virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production united economic dispatching model considering new energy electricity abandonment and net cost reduction, wherein the model consists of a target function and constraint conditions;
1) Objective function
The economic dispatching is carried out by taking the lowest daily operation cost of VWC-HPJV, which takes the power supply cost of a virtual power plant, the energy purchase cost of a virtual hydrogen production center, the carbon tax cost and the reconstruction cost into consideration, and the expression is as follows:
minC d ＝C wt +C fuel +C tax +C fix
in the formula, C d The daily running cost of the VWC-HPJV is; c wt Cost of power supply to the virtual power plant; c fuel Energy purchase cost for a virtual hydrogen production center refers to the cost for purchasing power of a power grid/coal/industrial oxygen; c tax Carbon tax paid for the emission of carbon dioxide for the virtual hydrogen production center; c fix The reconstruction cost of each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center refers to the initial investment depreciation and fixed maintenance cost of newly added electrolysis equipment in the hydrogen production station;
(1) virtual power plant power supply cost
Assuming that the net-passing fee is borne by the virtual power plant, the power supply cost of the virtual power plant comprises three parts, namely power generation change cost, net-passing fee and wind abandon punishment, and the calculation is as follows
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively punishing power generation change cost, grid passing cost and wind abandoning cost; />
Building wind curtailment power before VWC-HPJV for a wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster a in a virtual power plant; />
After a VWC-HPJV is established for a wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster a, power is supplied to a hydrogen production station b in a virtual hydrogen production center; />
Changing cost for unit generating capacity of a wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster a; />
Punishment coefficient for abandoned wind; A. b is the number of wind power plants or distributed wind power clusters with wind abandon phenomenon in the virtual power plant and the number of hydrogen production stations in the virtual hydrogen production center respectively;
(2) energy purchase cost of virtual hydrogen production center
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
C c 、C o respectively the cost for purchasing power of the power grid, coal and industrial oxygen; />
Electric power purchased from the power grid for the hydrogen production station b of the virtual hydrogen production center; />
Respectively the coal consumption rate and the oxygen consumption rate of the coal hydrogen production device of the hydrogen production station b and the byproduct oxygen rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment; />
I c And I o Respectively the time-of-use electricity price of industrial electricity and the market price of coal and industrial oxygen;
(3) carbon tax costs for virtual hydrogen production centers
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively the carbon emission rate of the hydrogen production station b and the average carbon emission coefficient of a power grid at the location;
the unit price of the carbon tax; />
(4) Cost of rebuilding virtual hydrogen production center
In the formula, C inv 、C maint Respectively the initial investment daily depreciation amount and daily maintenance cost of newly-added electrolytic hydrogen production equipment;
and n P2H The investment cost per unit volume, the maintenance cost per unit volume and the service life of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment are respectively; x b 、/>
The number of the units and the single capacity of the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment are respectively added for the hydrogen production station b; i is a standard reduction rate which is generally 5 to 10 percent;
2) Constraint conditions
In the VWC-HPJV operation process, besides the self operation constraints of a coal hydrogen production device, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage tank, the VWC-HPJV system also needs to meet the power balance constraint, the hydrogen energy supply balance constraint, the virtual power plant power supply constraint and the virtual hydrogen production center power utilization constraint;
(1) power balance constraint
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the power consumption for the electrolytic hydrogen production of the hydrogen production station b is reduced; gamma ray a→b,t The line loss rate of power transmission from the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a to the hydrogen production station b is in the t period;
(2) hydrogen supply equilibrium constraint
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
are respectively provided withFlexible hydrogen load and rigid hydrogen load corresponding to the hydrogen production station b; />
Respectively the coal hydrogen production rate, the electrolysis hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen storage tank charging and discharging rate of the hydrogen production station b;
(3) virtual power plant power supply constraints
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the upper limit of the capacity for long-distance power transmission from the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a to the hydrogen generation station b at the time t;
(4) virtual hydrogen production center power utilization constraint
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the upper limit of the power consumption of the hydrogen generation station b caused by the power transmission capacity constraint of the power transmission and distribution network.
The hydrogen produced by the coal hydrogen production device is supplied to a flexible hydrogen load through a hydrogen pipeline, part of the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis hydrogen production device is supplied to the flexible hydrogen load through the hydrogen pipeline, and the other part of the hydrogen is supplied to a rigid hydrogen load through a long pipe trailer or the hydrogen pipeline.
The hydrogen energy requirements of an electric heating energy source system, the traffic field and high-purity industrial hydrogen users are regarded as rigid hydrogen loads, and common industrial hydrogen users which realize hydrogen energy supply by utilizing electrolysis hydrogen production and coal hydrogen production simultaneously are regarded as flexible hydrogen loads.
The mathematical model of the coal hydrogen production device is in the following form:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The hydrogen production rate, the coal consumption rate, the oxygen consumption rate and the carbon emission rate of the coal hydrogen production device in the time period t are respectively; />
And e C2H Respectively representing the coal consumption coefficient, the oxygen consumption coefficient and the carbon emission coefficient of the coal hydrogen production device;
under the influence of multiple factors of the limitation of the working temperature, the working pressure, the equipment structure and the control system, the output of the coal hydrogen production device is limited, and the specific expression is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the rated hydrogen production rate is set for the coal hydrogen production device; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the load factor of the coal hydrogen production device are respectively set; />
The upward and downward climbing of the coal hydrogen production device are limited respectively.
The mathematical model of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment mainly comprises an output model, a power model and a start-stop model; for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the hydrogen production rate and the byproduct oxygen rate are determined by the input electric power, and a uniform efficiency model is adopted, so that the output model of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The power consumption, the hydrogen production rate and the byproduct oxygen rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment in the time period t are respectively; eta P2H Energy consumption coefficient of electrolytic hydrogen production equipment;
considering the influence of temperature change inertia and power fluctuation on the electrolysis performance and the technical limit of a hydrogen production control system, once the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is started, the power consumption power must be controlled within a certain range, and the power climbing in adjacent time intervals cannot exceed the limit, so that the power model of the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
m is rated power consumption power, power climbing upper limit and unit number of a single unit of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment respectively; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the load factor of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment are respectively set; />
A 0-1 variable which characterizes the operating state of the electrolytic hydrogen production plant>
Representing starting up, or else representing shutting down;
considering the adverse effect of frequent start and stop on the service life of the equipment, the start and stop times of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment within a scheduling day are constrained:
in the formula, T max And (4) scheduling the upper limit of the sum of the startup and shutdown times in the day for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment.
The hydrogen storage tank operation model is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The inflation rate, the deflation rate and the gas storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively t time period;
a variable 0-1 for representing the working state of the hydrogen storage tank for ensuring that the hydrogen storage tank is not in an inflation and deflation state simultaneously at the same time period>
Representing inflation, otherwise representing deflation; />
The charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively determined by the energy consumption of the gas compressor; />
The rated gas storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the gas storage proportion of the hydrogen storage tank; />
The upper limits of the charging and discharging rates of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively; n is the number of hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen station; taking 1h as delta t as the unit time interval length; t is the number of time periods in one scheduling cycle, and is taken as 24.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention realizes the unified coordination and management of a large number of wind turbine generators (covering centralized and distributed wind power simultaneously) and a large number of distributed hydrogen generation stations by constructing a virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen generation complex.
(2) The invention takes hydrogen energy economy as the background, and puts the hydrogen energy prepared by utilizing surplus wind power into a plurality of hydrogen-requiring fields such as an electrothermal energy system, the traffic field, the industrial field and the like, thereby not only avoiding the defects of a fuel cell technology with smaller application scale and higher cost of an electric-hydrogen coupling system, but also improving the hydrogen energy absorption space of a virtual wind abandonment-hydrogen production complex.
(3) The invention provides a new energy electricity abandoning and net charge reducing and avoiding policy for power grid enterprises to further reduce electricity abandoning price, so that the economic performance of electrolytic hydrogen production is better than that of coal hydrogen production, and partial replacement of hydrogen production technology is realized, thereby expanding the hydrogen energy consumption capability of wind abandoning hydrogen production in a hydrogen production station and indirectly improving the wind power consumption level of a virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production complex.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission type wind power plant-hydrogen production station combined hydrogen supply system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a virtual wind curtailment-hydrogen generation complex architecture based on hydrogen energy economy to facilitate wind curtailment consumption;
FIG. 3 is a wind farm or distributed wind power cluster and its ratio of total curtailment power to grid capacity;
FIG. 4 is a typical daily hydrogen load curve for a hydrogen plant; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a hydrogen generation station 1, (b) a hydrogen generation station 2, and (c) a hydrogen generation station 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Considering the inevitable trend that distributed hydrogen production will rapidly develop on the background that long-distance hydrogen transportation is not economically feasible, the invention refers to the concept of Virtual Power Plant (VPP) to synthesize hydrogen production stations with different scales in a certain area into a Virtual Hydrogen Production Center (VHPC), proposes and constructs a virtual wind abandon-hydrogen production combination (VWC-HPJV) formed by the virtual power plant with wind abandon phenomenon and the virtual hydrogen production center, and realizes the unified coordination and management of a large number of new energy generator sets and a large number of distributed hydrogen production stations. The method comprises the steps of dividing hydrogen load into rigid hydrogen load and flexible hydrogen load according to a hydrogen energy supply mode, proposing that a power grid enterprise carries out a certain exemption policy on new energy electricity abandoning and net passing cost for the purpose of promoting new energy electricity consumption, analyzing and setting maximum exemption strength, establishing a virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production complex economic dispatching model considering new energy electricity abandoning and net passing cost reduction as a target of lowest single typical daily operation cost covering wind abandoning punishment, energy purchasing cost, carbon tax and other costs, and carrying out simulation verification on rationality and effectiveness of a virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production complex idea through dispatching result example analysis. Based on the above background, the related art is as follows:
1. virtual power plant
The virtual power plant is an effective technical means for solving the problems of limited new energy consumption, excessive power supply scale, over-demand electric energy supply and the like. The virtual power plant aggregates various types of power resources such as a generator set, an energy storage facility, a controllable load and the like through an advanced communication technology and a network technology to form a virtual main body to participate in power grid management and a power market, so that optimal allocation and efficient utilization of the resources are realized. Through establishing the multi-element complementary cooperation relationship of various main bodies in the power system, the virtual power plant enables various power generation modes and adjustable loads to cooperate under the coordination of the same control center, so that the fluctuation and uncertainty of new energy power can be stabilized, the consumption proportion of wind power and photoelectric power is improved, the utilization of a power supply is reasonably arranged, and simultaneously, the load capacity can be flexibly adjusted, so that the power output and the load curve peak and valley periods are attached as much as possible, the high-efficiency power utilization of the load side is promoted, and the balance of supply and demand is realized.
2. Large-scale hydrogen production
Based on the natural energy resource of 'rich coal, lack of oil and little gas' in China, coal gasification hydrogen production is the most common hydrogen production means in China for decades. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of renewable energy power generation, electrolytic hydrogen production receives more and more attention and gradually develops into the absolute main force of hydrogen energy sources in China, and is also the main hydrogen production mode adopted by distributed hydrogen production stations in China under the background of high hydrogen transportation cost.
Coal gasification hydrogen production (C2H) refers to the oxidation of coal into CO and H by using gasifying agents such as oxygen, steam and the like under a high-temperature environment 2 The hydrogen with certain purity is obtained from the mixed gas which is the main component through the processes of gas purification, CO transformation, pressure swing adsorption purification and the like.
The P2H (power to hydrogen) equipment is a set of device with hydrogen preparing and purifying capabilities, which takes an electrolytic bath as a core and is assisted by supporting facilities such as a transformer, a rectifier cabinet, a control cabinet, a purifying frame, an analytical instrument and the like. Wherein, the alkaline electrolysis equipment taking the alkaline electrolytic bath as the core has the largest single machine hydrogen production capability at present, and is the only electrolytic hydrogen production equipment which is suitable for large-scale industrial hydrogen production at present.
3. Hydrogen energy economy
The Hydrogen energy economy (HE) was proposed by the american general automobile company as the first energy crisis in the early 70 s of the 20 th century. On one hand, under the promotion of the aim of sustainable development, the renewable energy source hydrogen production is an absolute main force for replacing the fossil energy source hydrogen production as a global hydrogen energy supply source; on the other hand, no matter in the industrial field, the electric heating energy system or the traffic field, the hydrogen energy utilization process by the technologies of ammonia synthesis, fuel cells, hydrogen-fired gas turbines and the like only produces industrial products and water, and does not produce any pollutant; in addition, although the technical and economic indexes of the current hydrogen storage and transportation modes such as high-pressure gas state, low-temperature liquid state and the like are regrettably limited to limit the application range of the hydrogen storage and transportation mode, the combination of the power transmission technology and the hydrogen transportation technology can also provide core guarantee for hydrogen energy utilization. Based on the above, the hydrogen energy economy represents a market operation system for hydrogen energy production, distribution, storage and use after hydrogen gas replaces petroleum as a main energy source supporting global economy in the future.
4. Power transmission type wind power plant-hydrogen production station combined hydrogen supply system
In the context of hydrogen energy economy, hydrogen energy will be used primarily in the field of electrical and thermal energy systems, industry and transportation. It can be concluded from the economics and environmental protection of hydrogen production technology that: the hydrogen energy supply of an electric heating energy system, the traffic field and high-purity industrial hydrogen users (electronic industry and the like) can complete the conversion from industrial by-product hydrogen to electrolytic hydrogen production in a short time; the hydrogen energy supply of common industrial hydrogen users (oil refining and the like) shows a trend from mainly coal hydrogen production to mainly coal hydrogen production and repeatedly producing hydrogen by electrolysis to mainly producing hydrogen by electrolysis. Therefore, the patent stands in the angle of a power system, considers the hydrogen energy requirements of an electric heating energy system, the traffic field and high-purity industrial hydrogen users as rigid hydrogen loads, and considers common industrial hydrogen users for realizing hydrogen energy supply by utilizing electrolysis hydrogen production and coal hydrogen production simultaneously as flexible hydrogen loads. The power transmission type wind power plant-hydrogen production station combined hydrogen supply system is shown in figure 1. In the hydrogen production station, hydrogen produced by the coal hydrogen production device is supplied to a flexible hydrogen load through a hydrogen pipeline, part of hydrogen produced by the electrolysis hydrogen production device is supplied to the flexible hydrogen load through the hydrogen pipeline, and part of hydrogen produced by the electrolysis hydrogen production device is supplied to a rigid hydrogen load through a long pipe trailer or a hydrogen pipeline.
The invention relates to a virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen production complex for promoting abandoned wind consumption based on hydrogen energy economy, which comprises a virtual power plant and a virtual hydrogen production center, wherein the virtual power plant comprises a VPP control center and a wind power plant, a photovoltaic plant, a water power plant, a fire power plant, a controllable load and an energy storage facility controlled by the VPP control center, the virtual hydrogen production center comprises a VHPC control center and hydrogen production stations, and key equipment of each hydrogen production station mainly comprises a coal hydrogen production device, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage tank. The virtual power plant carries out transaction aiming at surplus wind power and a virtual hydrogen production center on the premise of listening to unified scheduling of a power grid, and surplus electric energy is transmitted to a hydrogen production station located in the virtual hydrogen production center through a power transmission and distribution network, so that the waste wind consumption is promoted, and the economic benefit of the virtual power plant is improved. Each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center reduces the electricity purchasing quantity of the power grid by utilizing low-cost wind abandoning hydrogen production, realizes partial replacement of the coal hydrogen production by the electrolytic hydrogen production under the condition of higher wind abandoning electricity quantity, and reduces the operation cost and the carbon emission of the hydrogen production stations.
In the above, the operation model of the hydrogen generation station key equipment is as follows:
1) Coal hydrogen production device
The coal hydrogen production technology needs to consume a large amount of coal and industrial oxygen and generate a large amount of greenhouse gas emission, starting from the purposes of reducing hydrogen production cost and carbon emission in a hydrogen production link, and only paying attention to the coal consumption, the industrial oxygen consumption and the carbon emission intensity of the coal hydrogen production technology, the mathematical model of the coal hydrogen production device can be simplified into the following forms:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The hydrogen production rate, the coal consumption rate, the oxygen consumption rate and the carbon emission rate of the coal hydrogen production device in the time period t are respectively; />
And e C2H The coal consumption coefficient, the oxygen consumption coefficient and the carbon emission coefficient of the coal hydrogen production device are respectively.
Under the influence of multiple factors such as working temperature, working pressure, equipment structure and control system limitation, the output of the coal hydrogen production device is limited, and the specific expression is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the rated hydrogen production rate is set for the coal hydrogen production device; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the load factor of the coal hydrogen production device are respectively set; />
The ascending and descending of the coal hydrogen production device are respectively limited.
2) Electrolytic hydrogen production equipment
The mathematical model of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment mainly comprises an output model, a power model and a start-stop model. For the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the hydrogen production rate and the byproduct oxygen rate are determined by the input electric power, and a uniform efficiency model is adopted, so that the output model of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The power consumption, the hydrogen production rate and the byproduct oxygen rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment in the time period t are respectively; eta P2H The energy consumption coefficient of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment.
Considering the influence of temperature change inertia and power fluctuation on the electrolysis performance and the technical limit of a hydrogen production control system, once the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is started, the power consumption power must be controlled within a certain range, and the power climbing in adjacent time intervals cannot exceed the limit, so that the power model of the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
m is rated power consumption, power climbing upper limit and unit number of a single unit of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment respectively; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the load factor of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment are respectively set; />
In order to characterize the 0-1 variable of the operating state of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, device for combining or screening>
And representing starting up, otherwise representing shutting down.
Considering the adverse effect of frequent start-stop on the service life of the equipment, the start-stop times of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment within a scheduling day are restricted:
in the formula, T max And (4) scheduling the upper limit of the sum of the startup and shutdown times in the day for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment.
3) Hydrogen storage tank equipped with gas compression device
The gas storage amount of the current time period in the hydrogen storage tank depends on the gas storage amount of the previous time period and the gas charging and discharging rate of the current time period. In particular, to ensure continuous operation of the system, the hydrogen storage tank is generally required to return the storage capacity to the initial state after a scheduling day. In addition, the ability of the gas compression device to be matched to the hydrogen storage tank limits the rate and efficiency of gas storage tank charging and discharging. The model of operation of the hydrogen storage tank considering the energy consumption of gas compression is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The inflation rate, the deflation rate and the gas storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively t time period;
a variable 0-1 for representing the working state of the hydrogen storage tank for ensuring that the hydrogen storage tank is not in an inflation and deflation state simultaneously at the same time period>
Representing inflation, otherwise representing deflation; />
The charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively determined by the energy consumption of the gas compressor; />
The rated gas storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the gas storage proportion of the hydrogen storage tank; />
The upper limits of the charging and discharging rates of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively; n is the number of hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen generating station; taking the delta t as the unit time interval length and taking 1h; t is the number of time periods in one scheduling cycle, and is taken as 24.
According to the suggestions about further deepening the innovation of the power system of the common central State Council, when a power consumer directly conducts power transaction with a power generation enterprise or a power selling main body, both transaction parties need to pay corresponding network passing fees to a power grid enterprise according to the state specified power transmission and distribution price so as to ensure that the power grid enterprise can recover the investment and operation maintenance cost of a power grid network frame and obtain reasonable asset return. In the VWC-HPJV, the wind curtailment power transmission from each wind power plant or distributed wind power cluster in the virtual power plant to each hydrogen production station must be completed through a power grid, so that the virtual power plant and the virtual hydrogen production center need to pay a certain amount of net charge to a power grid enterprise. Under the background that the state vigorously promotes the consumption of renewable energy power, the invention provides a certain exemption policy of a power grid enterprise for new energy power abandonment and grid passing fee, and the grid passing fee is priced as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
pricing the net charge before and after implementing the policy of reducing and avoiding the net charge of the new energy abandoned electricity; alpha is the power of new energy power abandoning and net charge reduction.
As the main part of the network charge, the power transmission and distribution cost mainly comprises initial construction cost, operation loss cost, overhaul cost, fault cost, operation and maintenance cost, labor cost and abandonment cost. The initial construction cost is used as a fixed cost and is not influenced by the running condition of the transmission and distribution network; although the overhaul cost, the fault cost, the operation and maintenance cost, the labor cost and the abandonment cost are closely related to the operation state of the power transmission and distribution line, the abandoned wind power is usually less than 1% of the total social power consumption, namely the abandoned wind power in the VWC-HPJV has little influence on the cost; the remaining operation loss cost can also realize the self-balancing in the united entity by linking the power supply of the wind power plant and the power consumption of the hydrogen-making station by using the line loss rate. Based on the analysis, the maximum reduction degree of the new energy power-abandoning and network-passing charge accepted by the power grid enterprise is 100%, namely the new energy power-abandoning and network-passing charge is completely avoided.
And establishing a virtual wind abandoning-hydrogen production united economic dispatching model considering new energy electricity abandonment and net cost reduction, wherein the model consists of a target function and constraint conditions.
1) Objective function
In order to highlight the effects of VWC-HPJV on promoting the wind curtailment and consumption of an electric power system, improving the energy utilization rate, improving the economic benefit and the environmental benefit of the hydrogen production link of the hydrogen energy industry and the like, the short-distance hydrogen distribution link from a hydrogen production station to a hydrogen user is simplified, namely, if the hydrogen distribution from the hydrogen production station to the hydrogen user is realized by a short-distance pipeline, the preparation and the use of hydrogen can be approximately considered to be carried out simultaneously, and the supply and the use of hydrogen energy need to achieve real-time balance. Under the condition that a hydrogen load curve is kept unchanged, the hydrogen distribution system in the industrial park has the same working state before and after the VWC-HPJV is built, and the VWC-HPJV economic dispatching does not need to consider the cost generated by the operation of related devices such as a gas compressor, a hydrogen pipeline and the like in the hydrogen distribution system. Based on the assumptions, the economic dispatching method aims at considering the lowest daily operation cost of the VWC-HPJV of the power supply cost of the virtual power plant, the energy purchase cost of the virtual hydrogen production center, the carbon tax cost and the reconstruction cost, and has the following expression:
minC d ＝C wt +C fuel +C tax +C fix (8)
in the formula, C d The daily running cost of the VWC-HPJV is; c wt Cost of power supply to the virtual power plant; c fuel Energy purchase cost for a virtual hydrogen production center refers to the cost for purchasing power of a power grid/coal/industrial oxygen; c tax Carbon tax due to carbon dioxide emission for the virtual hydrogen production center; c fix The reconstruction cost of each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center refers to the initial investment depreciation and fixed maintenance cost of newly added electrolysis equipment in the hydrogen production station. After the VWC-HPJV is built, based on comparison of the waste air hydrogen production capacity and the hydrogen production equipment capacity and the possibility that the electrolytic hydrogen production technology is partially replaced by the coal hydrogen production technology, the hydrogen production station can be newly added with the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment to seek higher economic and environmental benefits, so that the initial investment depreciation and maintenance cost of the newly added equipment must be calculated, and the method is used for analyzing and comparing the influence of the electrolytic hydrogen production scale on the operation economy of the VWC-HPJV.
(1) Virtual power plant power supply cost
The invention assumes that the net charge is borne by the virtual power plant, and the power supply cost comprises three parts of power generation change cost, net charge and wind abandon punishment, and the calculation is as follows
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively punishing power generation change cost, grid passing cost and wind abandoning cost; />
Building abandoned wind power before a VWC-HPJV for a wind farm or a distributed wind power cluster a in a virtual power plant; />
After a VWC-HPJV is established for a wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster a, power is supplied to a hydrogen production station b in a virtual hydrogen production center; />
Changing the cost for the unit generated energy of the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a; />
Punishment coefficient for abandoned wind; A. b is the number of wind power plants or distributed wind power clusters with wind abandon phenomenon in the virtual power plant and the number of hydrogen production stations in the virtual hydrogen production center respectively.
(2) Virtual hydrogen production center energy purchase cost
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
C c 、C o respectively for purchasing the gridThe cost of electricity, coal and industrial oxygen; />
Electric power purchased from the power grid for a hydrogen production station b of the virtual hydrogen production center; />
Respectively the coal consumption rate and the oxygen consumption rate of the coal hydrogen production device of the hydrogen production station b and the byproduct oxygen rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment; />
I c And I o Respectively the time-of-use electricity price of industrial electricity and the market price of coal and industrial oxygen.
(3) Carbon tax costs for virtual hydrogen production centers
The electric power purchased from the power grid enterprise by the virtual hydrogen production center contains thermal power, and the hydrogen production process has 2 carbon emission sources: coal gasifier and external network power supply. In order to control the total carbon emission, the virtual hydrogen production center needs to pay a certain carbon tax:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively the carbon emission rate of the hydrogen production station b and the average carbon emission coefficient of a power grid at the location;
is the carbon tax unit price.
(4) Cost of rebuilding virtual hydrogen production center
The reconstruction cost of the virtual hydrogen production center refers to the initial investment depreciation and maintenance cost of newly-added electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the cost is used as a fixed cost and does not influence the scheduling optimization result, the economic parameters are introduced and are only used for analyzing the influence of the newly-added hydrogen production equipment capacity on the economy of the VWC-HPJV, and the calculation is as follows:
in the formula, C inv 、C maint Respectively the initial investment daily depreciation amount and daily maintenance cost of the newly added electrolytic hydrogen production equipment;
and n P2H The investment cost per unit volume, the maintenance cost per unit volume and the service life of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment are respectively; x b 、/>
The number of groups and the single machine capacity of the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment are respectively added to the hydrogen production station b; i is the standard reduction rate, and is generally 5-10%.
2) Constraint conditions
In the operation process of the VWC-HPJV, besides the self operation constraints of the coal hydrogen production device, the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment and the hydrogen storage tank, the VWC-HPJV system also needs to meet the power balance constraint, the hydrogen energy supply balance constraint, the virtual power plant power supply constraint and the virtual hydrogen production center power utilization constraint.
(1) Power balance constraint
On the premise that the hydrogen production station is not provided with an air separation device but directly purchases industrial oxygen, the power consumption of coal hydrogen production of unit standard volume is less than 1% of that of electrolytic hydrogen production, so that the patent only considers that waste wind electric energy and power of a power grid are used for electrolytic hydrogen production, and the power balance constraint of the VWC-HPJV is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the power consumption for the electrolytic hydrogen production of the hydrogen production station b is reduced; gamma ray a→b,t And the line loss rate of the power transmission from the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a to the hydrogen generation station b is in the period t.
(2) Hydrogen supply balance constraint
Under the condition that the hydrogen distribution is completed through short-distance pipeline transportation, no matter rigid hydrogen load or flexible hydrogen load, the real-time balance of hydrogen production and hydrogen utilization needs to be ensured. Meanwhile, under the condition of low electricity consumption cost, the hydrogen production by electrolysis has the possibility that the hydrogen production cost is lower than that of coal hydrogen, so that coal is partially replaced to produce hydrogen, and the sum of the hydrogen production rate by electrolysis and the output of a hydrogen storage tank is not lower than the rigid hydrogen load. On the basis, the coal hydrogen production, the electrolytic hydrogen production and the hydrogen storage tank need to jointly ensure the supply of two hydrogen loads. Then the hydrogen supply balance of the VWC-HPJV is constrained as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively corresponding flexible hydrogen load and rigid hydrogen load of the hydrogen production station b; />
Respectively the coal hydrogen production rate, the electrolysis hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen storage tank charging and discharging rate of the hydrogen production station b.
(3) Virtual power plant power supply constraints
In the VWC-HPJV, a virtual power plant supplies surplus power to a virtual hydrogen production center on the basis of obeying unified power grid scheduling, so that the total power supply power of each wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster in the virtual power plant cannot exceed the abandoned wind power. In addition, the power supply power of the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster is constrained by the capacity of the remote transmission line, and the power supply constraint of the virtual power plant is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the capacity upper limit is the capacity upper limit of long-distance power transmission from the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a to the hydrogen generation station b in the period t.
(4) Virtual hydrogen production center power consumption constraint
The power consumption of the hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center is restricted by the power transmission capacity of the peripheral power transmission and distribution network as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the upper limit of the power consumption of the hydrogen generation station b caused by the power transmission capacity constraint of the power transmission and distribution network.
The embodiment is as follows:
in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the invention clearer, a virtual hydrogen production center covering three hydrogen production stations is jointly set to form a VWC-HPJV for scheduling optimization and analyzing the rationality and effectiveness of the VWC-HPJV according to the scheduling result by setting that 1 large wind farm, 1 medium wind farm and 1 distributed wind power cluster in the virtual power plant have a wind abandon phenomenon.
The grid-connected capacity of 3 wind power plants or distributed wind power clusters is 300MW, 120MW and 100MW respectively, the unit generating capacity variation cost is 5 yuan/MWh, 6 yuan/MWh and 7 yuan/MWh respectively, the electricity abandonment penalty coefficient is 100 yuan/MWh, the wind abandonment condition is shown in figure 3, and the integral wind abandonment rate is 8%.
Typical daily rigid and flexible hydrogen load curves of 3 hydrogen production stations are shown in fig. 4, wherein the upper end curves in (a), (b) and (c) are flexible hydrogen load curves, and the lower end curves are rigid hydrogen load curves. The configuration capacity, technical parameters and economic parameters of the existing equipment of the hydrogen generation station and the power utilization constraint of the hydrogen generation station caused by the limit of the power transmission capacity of the peripheral power transmission and distribution network are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Capacity configuration, technical and economic parameters of existing equipment of hydrogen plant
The market prices of coal and industrial oxygen at the location of the virtual hydrogen production center are 600 yuan/t and 0.5 yuan/Nm 3 respectively; the average carbon emission coefficient of the power grid is 0.698t/MWh, and the carbon tax price is 100 yuan/t; the comprehensive average line loss rate of power transmission and distribution is 15%, and the grid cost is priced to be 350 yuan/MWh by considering the long-distance power transmission cost and the short-distance power distribution cost; the time and price of electricity for industrial electricity are shown in table 2. Referring to the time segmentation of industrial power utilization, the upper limit of the capacity of the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster for long-distance power transmission to the hydrogen generation station is simplified into three steps, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 2 time-of-use electricity price for industrial electricity
TABLE 3 Upper limit of remote Transmission Capacity (MW)
To analyze the rationality and effectiveness of VWC-HPJV, the following 3 protocols were set: 1) The virtual power plant and the virtual hydrogen production center respectively perform power transaction with a power grid, and the hydrogen energy supply of the industrial park is completed through a traditional hydrogen supply system; 2) The virtual power plant and the virtual hydrogen production center form a VWC-HPJV, the capacity of hydrogen production equipment of each hydrogen production station is kept unchanged, and a power grid enterprise implements a new energy electricity abandoning and net charge full-amount exempting policy; 3) On the basis of the scheme 2, 15MW, 10MW and 5MW electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is additionally arranged for three hydrogen production stations, and a power grid enterprise also implements a new energy electricity abandoning and net charge full-amount exempting policy. Aiming at the scheme 1, because the virtual power plant and the virtual hydrogen production center do not cooperate, the power supply power of the virtual power plant is zero as shown in a formula (17); electrolytic hydrogen production of each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center is completed by purchasing power of a power grid, the coal hydrogen production cost under a time-of-use electricity price mechanism is far lower than the electrolytic hydrogen production cost, the hydrogen energy supply of an industrial park does not have the possibility of hydrogen production technology replacement, and the power balance constraint and the hydrogen supply and utilization balance constraint are shown as a formula (18); and the operation cost calculation comprises wind curtailment of a virtual power plant, and energy purchase cost and carbon tax cost of a virtual hydrogen production center under a traditional hydrogen supply system, and then the scheduling optimization model of the scheme 1 is shown as a formula (19). Scheme 2 and scheme 3 scheduling optimization models see equations (1) - (16).
The schemes 1 to 3 are optimally scheduled based on the model, and the obtained typical daily operation cost is shown in table 4, and the abandoned wind power, the power grid power purchase, the hydrogen production technology replacement amount and the carbon emission amount are shown in table 5.
TABLE 4 schemes 1-3 typical daily operating cost comparisons (Wanyuan)
TABLE 5 scheme 1-3 typical daily abandoned wind electric quantity, electric quantity purchased by power grid, hydrogen production technology replacement quantity and carbon emission quantity
Comparing the scheduling results of the scheme 1 and the scheme 2, it can be known that, compared with the conventional hydrogen supply system, under the condition that the scale of electrolytic hydrogen production is kept unchanged (i.e. a virtual hydrogen production center does not need to be modified), the VWC-HPJV reduces the surplus wind power 670.4MWh through wind abandoning hydrogen production to consume surplus wind power by 8% to 1.9%, reduces the grid power purchase 447MWh, realizes the hydrogen energy technology replacement of 3.27 ten thousand Nm3 scale, reduces the carbon emission of the hydrogen plant by reducing the electricity grid power purchase amount and the coal consumption amount of coal hydrogen production, reduces the power supply cost of the virtual power plant, the energy purchase cost of the virtual hydrogen production center and the carbon tax by 6.34 ten thousand yuan, 18.37 ten thousand yuan and 4.98 ten thousand yuan respectively, and reduces the total typical daily operation cost by 12.1%. The scheduling result of the scheme 3 can be obtained, when 15MW, 10MW and 5MW electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is additionally arranged in each of the three hydrogen production stations, the higher electrolytic hydrogen production capacity improves the hydrogen production capacity of the virtual hydrogen production center, and meanwhile, the wind abandoning consumption is expanded, compared with the scheme 2, the wind abandoning consumption of the scheme 3 is increased by 134.8MWh, the wind abandoning rate is further reduced to 0.3% from 1.9%, the power grid purchase power is kept flat, the hydrogen production technology replacement scale is increased to 5.69 ten thousand Nm3, so that the carbon emission of the virtual hydrogen production center is further reduced by 66t, and at the moment, the typical daily operation cost of the hydrogen supply system considering the initial investment depreciation and the equipment fixed maintenance cost is reduced to 213.07 ten thousand yuan, and the operation cost is reduced by 13.09% compared with the operation cost of the scheme 1.
Therefore, the VWC-HPJV has obvious effect of promoting the waste wind to be absorbed, is superior to the traditional hydrogen supply system in the aspects of economic benefit, environmental benefit and the like, and has rationality and effectiveness.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its functions and operations, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the broad invention, and that this invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen production complex for promoting abandoned wind consumption based on hydrogen energy economy is characterized by comprising a virtual power plant and a virtual hydrogen production center, wherein the virtual power plant comprises a VPP control center and a wind power plant, a photovoltaic plant, a water electric field, a fire electric field, a controllable load and an energy storage facility controlled by the VPP control center, the virtual hydrogen production center comprises a VHPC control center and hydrogen production stations, and each hydrogen production station comprises a coal hydrogen production device, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a gas tank for storing hydrogen; the virtual power plant transmits surplus electric energy to hydrogen production stations located in a virtual hydrogen production center through a power transmission and distribution network, and each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center reduces the electricity purchasing quantity of the power network by utilizing low-cost wind-abandoning hydrogen production and realizes partial replacement of coal hydrogen production by electrolytic hydrogen production under the condition of higher wind-abandoning electricity quantity;
establishing a virtual abandoned wind-hydrogen production complex economic dispatching model considering new energy abandoned electricity and net cost reduction, wherein the model consists of a target function and constraint conditions;
1) Objective function
The economic dispatching is carried out by taking the lowest daily operation cost of VWC-HPJV, which takes the power supply cost of a virtual power plant, the energy purchase cost of a virtual hydrogen production center, the carbon tax cost and the reconstruction cost into consideration, and the expression is as follows:
minC d ＝C wt +C fuel +C tax +C fix
in the formula, C d The daily running cost of the VWC-HPJV is; c wt Cost of power supply to the virtual power plant; c fuel The energy purchase cost of the virtual hydrogen production center refers to the cost of purchasing power grid power/coal/industrial oxygen; c tax Carbon tax paid for the emission of carbon dioxide for the virtual hydrogen production center; c fix The reconstruction cost of each hydrogen production station in the virtual hydrogen production center refers to the initial investment depreciation and fixed maintenance cost of newly added electrolysis equipment in the hydrogen production station;
(1) virtual power plant power supply cost
If the net charge is borne by the virtual power plant, the power supply cost comprises three parts of power generation change cost, net charge and wind abandon punishment, and the calculation is as follows
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
are respectively hairElectricity change cost, grid passing cost and wind abandoning punishment; />
Building wind curtailment power before VWC-HPJV for a wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster a in a virtual power plant; />
After a VWC-HPJV is established for a wind power plant or a distributed wind power cluster a, power is supplied to a hydrogen production station b in a virtual hydrogen production center; />
Changing the cost for the unit generated energy of the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a; />
Punishment coefficient for abandoned wind; A. b, the number of wind power plants or distributed wind power clusters with wind curtailment in the virtual power plant and the number of hydrogen stations in the virtual hydrogen production center are respectively set;
(2) energy purchase cost of virtual hydrogen production center
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
C c 、C o respectively the cost for purchasing power of the power grid, coal and industrial oxygen; />
Electric power purchased from the power grid for the hydrogen production station b of the virtual hydrogen production center; />
Coal consumption rate and oxygen consumption rate of the coal hydrogen production device of the hydrogen production station bThe rate and the byproduct oxygen rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment; />
I c And I o Respectively the time-of-use electricity price of industrial electricity and the market prices of coal and industrial oxygen;
(3) carbon tax costs for virtual hydrogen production centers
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively the carbon emission rate of the hydrogen production station b and the average carbon emission coefficient of a power grid at the location; />
The unit price of the carbon tax;
(4) cost of rebuilding virtual hydrogen production center
In the formula, C inv 、C maint Respectively the initial investment daily depreciation amount and daily maintenance cost of newly-added electrolytic hydrogen production equipment;
and n P2H The investment cost per unit volume, the maintenance cost per unit volume and the service life of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment are respectively; x b 、/>
The number of groups and the single machine capacity of the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment are respectively added to the hydrogen production station b; i is a standard reduction rate which is generally 5 to 10 percent;
2) Constraint conditions
In the operation process of the VWC-HPJV, besides the self operation constraints of a coal hydrogen production device, an electrolytic hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage tank, the VWC-HPJV system also needs to meet the power balance constraint, the hydrogen energy supply balance constraint, the virtual power plant power supply constraint and the virtual hydrogen production center power utilization constraint;
(1) power balance constraint
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the power consumption for the electrolytic hydrogen production of the hydrogen production station b is reduced; gamma ray a→b,t The line loss rate of power transmission from the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a to the hydrogen production station b is in the t period;
(2) hydrogen supply balance constraint
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively corresponding flexible hydrogen load and rigid hydrogen load of the hydrogen production station b; />
Respectively the coal hydrogen production rate, the electrolysis hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen storage tank charging and discharging rate of the hydrogen production station b;
(3) virtual power plant power supply constraints
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the capacity upper limit is the long-distance power transmission from the wind power plant or the distributed wind power cluster a to the hydrogen production station b in the period of t;
(4) virtual hydrogen production center power consumption constraint
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the upper limit of the power consumption of the hydrogen generation station b caused by the power transmission capacity constraint of the power transmission and distribution network.
2. The virtual wind abandonment-hydrogen generation complex for promoting wind abandonment based on hydrogen energy economy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen produced by the coal hydrogen generation device is supplied to a flexible hydrogen load through a hydrogen pipeline, and a part of the hydrogen produced by the electrolytic hydrogen generation device is supplied to a flexible hydrogen load through a hydrogen pipeline, and a part of the hydrogen is supplied to a rigid hydrogen load through a long-pipe trailer or a hydrogen pipeline.
3. The virtual wind curtailment-hydrogen production complex for promoting wind curtailment consumption based on hydrogen energy economy as claimed in claim 2, wherein hydrogen energy requirements of the electrothermal energy system, the transportation field and the high purity industrial hydrogen users are regarded as rigid hydrogen loads, and common industrial hydrogen users that realize hydrogen energy supply by using electrolysis hydrogen production and coal hydrogen production at the same time are regarded as flexible hydrogen loads.
4. The virtual wind curtailment-hydrogen generation complex for facilitating wind curtailment consumption based on hydrogen energy economy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal hydrogen generation plant mathematical model is in the form of:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The hydrogen production rate, the coal consumption rate, the oxygen consumption rate and the carbon emission rate of the coal hydrogen production device in the time period t are respectively; />
And e C2H Respectively representing the coal consumption coefficient, the oxygen consumption coefficient and the carbon emission coefficient of the coal hydrogen production device;
under the influence of multiple factors of the limitation of the working temperature, the working pressure, the equipment structure and the control system, the output of the coal hydrogen production device is limited, and the specific expression is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the rated hydrogen production rate is set for the coal hydrogen production device; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the load factor of the coal hydrogen production device are respectively set; />
The upward and downward climbing of the coal hydrogen production device are limited respectively.
5. The virtual wind curtailment-hydrogen production complex for economically promoting wind curtailment consumption based on hydrogen energy according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical model of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment mainly comprises three parts, namely an output model, a power model and a start-stop model; for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the hydrogen production rate and the byproduct oxygen rate are determined by the input electric power, and a uniform efficiency model is adopted, so that the output model of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The power consumption, the hydrogen production rate and the byproduct oxygen rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment in the time period t are respectively; eta P2H Energy consumption coefficient of electrolytic hydrogen production equipment;
considering the influence of temperature change inertia and power fluctuation on the electrolysis performance and the technical limit of a hydrogen production control system, once the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is started, the power consumption power must be controlled within a certain range, and the power climbing in adjacent time intervals cannot exceed the limit, so that the power model of the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
m is rated power consumption power, power climbing upper limit and unit number of a single unit of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment respectively; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the load factor of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment are respectively set; />
To characterize electricityA 0-1 variable which resolves the working state of the hydrogen production device>
Representing starting up, otherwise representing shutting down;
considering the adverse effect of frequent start and stop on the service life of the equipment, the start and stop times of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment within a scheduling day are constrained:
in the formula, T max And (4) scheduling the upper limit of the sum of the startup and shutdown times in the day for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment.
6. The virtual wind curtailment-hydrogen generation complex for promoting wind curtailment consumption based on hydrogen energy economy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage tank operation model is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and &>
The inflation rate, the deflation rate and the gas storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively t time period; />
A variable 0-1 for representing the working state of the hydrogen storage tank for ensuring that the hydrogen storage tank is not in an inflation and deflation state simultaneously at the same time period>
Representing inflation, otherwise representing deflation; />
The charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively determined by the energy consumption of a gas compressor; />
The rated gas storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; />
The upper limit and the lower limit of the gas storage proportion of the hydrogen storage tank; />
The upper limits of the charging and discharging rates of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively; n is the number of hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen station; taking 1h as delta t as the unit time interval length; t is the number of time periods in one scheduling cycle, and is taken as 24./>
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