CN112162579A - Temperature control system of lunar seismic instrument - Google Patents
Temperature control system of lunar seismic instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN112162579A CN112162579A CN202011086917.XA CN202011086917A CN112162579A CN 112162579 A CN112162579 A CN 112162579A CN 202011086917 A CN202011086917 A CN 202011086917A CN 112162579 A CN112162579 A CN 112162579A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1919—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the type of controller
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1927—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors
- G05D23/193—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces
- G05D23/1931—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces to control the temperature of one space
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Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature control system of a lunar seismic instrument, which adopts a brand-new system architecture design and adopts a first temperature acquisition module (3-1) and a second temperature acquisition module (3-2) which are respectively arranged inside the lunar seismic instrument and outside a landing capsule to realize the real-time acquisition of temperatures of different environmental positions, and each designed circuit is uploaded to the control module (4), and the control is carried out on the heating module (5) under the application of a PID temperature control algorithm (6), so that the temperature of the lunar seismic instrument can be efficiently and accurately controlled, the lunar seismic instrument can work at-100-65 ℃, thereby protecting the lunar seismic instrument, greatly facilitating the normal data acquisition work of the lunar seismic instrument on the moon, improving the working efficiency of the lunar seismic instrument, analyzing the transmission mode of the lunar seismic waves in the future to detect the internal structure of the moon, further, the answer to the material composition in the moon and the formation mechanism of the lunar earthquake provides important reference values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature control system of a lunar seismograph, and belongs to the technical field of temperature control of lunar seismographs.
Background
Because the surface temperature of the moon is usually-180-160 ℃, and the working temperature of the lunar seismic instrument is-40-65 ℃, after the lunar seismic instrument lands on the moon, the lunar seismic instrument cannot normally work or even is damaged due to the temperature, and the temperature of the lunar seismic instrument needs to be controlled. When the temperature of the lunar seismograph is lower than the lower limit value of the working temperature, the lunar seismograph needs to be heated, so that the lunar seismograph can work normally. When the environmental temperature of the lunar seismic instrument is lower than the lower limit value of minus 100 ℃ or exceeds the upper limit value of 65 ℃, the lunar seismic instrument needs to be recovered to the landing cabin for dormancy, so that the working of the lunar seismic instrument is constantly influenced by the ambient temperature, and if the response of the lunar seismic instrument to the temperature can be improved, the working efficiency of the lunar seismic instrument can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a temperature control system of a lunar seismic instrument, which can efficiently and accurately realize the temperature control of the lunar seismic instrument, greatly facilitate the normal data acquisition work of the lunar seismic instrument on the moon and improve the working efficiency of the lunar seismic instrument.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems: the invention designs a temperature control system of a lunar seismic instrument, which is used for realizing temperature regulation inside the lunar seismic instrument and comprises a power supply module, a relay temperature control module, a first temperature acquisition module, a second temperature acquisition module, a control module and a heating module; the first temperature acquisition module is arranged in the lunar seismic instrument and is used for acquiring a first monitoring temperature in the lunar seismic instrument in real time; the second temperature acquisition module is arranged outside the landing capsule and is used for acquiring a second monitoring temperature outside the landing capsule in real time; the first temperature acquisition module and the second temperature acquisition module are respectively in butt joint with the control module and are used for respectively uploading the first monitoring temperature and the second monitoring temperature obtained in real time to the control module; the control end of the control module is connected with the heating module through the relay temperature control module, the heating module is arranged in the lunar seismograph, and the control module controls the heating module through the relay temperature control module according to the first monitoring temperature and the second monitoring temperature received in real time to realize temperature adjustment in the lunar seismograph; the power supply module is respectively connected with the control module and the heating module in a butt joint mode, and power supply for the control module and the heating module is achieved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the power module comprises a solar energy collecting device, an energy storage device and a voltage conversion device; the solar energy collecting device is respectively butted with the energy storing device and the voltage converting device, and the solar energy collecting device collects solar energy and respectively transmits electric energy to the energy storing device and the voltage converting device; meanwhile, the energy storage device is in butt joint with the voltage conversion device and is used for transmitting electric energy to the voltage conversion device, and the energy storage device is used for storing the electric energy; the voltage conversion device is respectively connected with the control module and the heating module in a butt joint mode, and power supply for the control module and the heating module is achieved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the voltage conversion device comprises a voltage controller, a boosting circuit and a voltage reduction circuit; the output end of the voltage controller is respectively butted with the input end of the boosting circuit and the input end of the voltage reduction circuit, the input end of the voltage controller is respectively butted with the solar energy collecting device and the energy storing device to obtain electric energy, and the electric energy is respectively transmitted to the boosting circuit and the voltage reduction circuit by the voltage controller; the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is in butt joint with the control module, and the voltage reduction circuit is used for executing voltage reduction operation aiming at the output voltage and supplying power to the control module by the voltage after voltage reduction; the output end of the booster circuit is in butt joint with the heating module and used for executing boosting operation aiming at the output voltage, and the boosted voltage supplies power to the heating module.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the voltage reduction circuit comprises a first polarity capacitor, a switch voltage regulating valve, a freewheeling diode, an inductor and a second polarity capacitor; the positive electrode of the first polarity capacitor is butted with the input end of the switching voltage regulating valve, and the butted end forms the input end of the voltage reduction circuit; the negative electrode of the first polarity capacitor, the grounding end of the switching voltage regulating valve, the ON/OFF end of the switching voltage regulating valve, the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode and the negative electrode of the second polarity capacitor are connected, and the connection ends are grounded; a Feed back end of the switching voltage regulating valve is connected with the negative electrode of the continuous current diode and one end of the inductor; the output end of the switch voltage regulating valve, the other end of the inductor and the anode of the second polarity capacitor are connected, and the connected end forms the output end of the voltage reduction circuit.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the boost circuit is a boost circuit.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the energy storage device comprises a super capacitor and a battery pack formed by connecting all nickel-metal hydride batteries in series, the solar energy acquisition device is respectively connected with the super capacitor and the battery pack in a butt joint mode, and meanwhile, the super capacitor and the battery pack are respectively connected with the voltage conversion device in a butt joint mode.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the first temperature acquisition module and the second temperature acquisition module are respectively in butt joint with the control module through an amplifying circuit, a sampling holding circuit and an analog-to-digital converter in sequence.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the amplifying circuit comprises a first NPN transistor T1, a second NPN transistor T2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6; the base of the first NPN transistor T1, one end of the first resistor R1, and one end of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to form the positive input terminal of the amplifier circuit; an emitter of the first NPN transistor T1 is butted against one end of the fifth resistor R5; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 forms a negative input end of the amplifying circuit; the collector of the first NPN transistor T1 is butted against the base of the second NPN transistor T2 and one end of the second resistor R2; the other end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the third resistor R3 are connected, and the connected end is externally connected with voltage; the collector of the second NPN transistor T2 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, and the connected end constitutes the positive output end of the amplifying circuit; an emitter of the second NPN transistor T2 is butted against one end of the sixth resistor R6; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 forms a negative output end of the amplifying circuit; the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected, and the connection ends are grounded.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the sample-and-hold circuit comprises a high-gain amplifier A1, a sampling switch, a holding capacitor and a follower A2; the positive input end of the high-gain amplifier A1 forms the input end of the sample-and-hold circuit, the negative input end of the high-gain amplifier A1, the output end of the follower A2 and the negative input end of the follower A2 are connected, and the connected ends form the output end of the sample-and-hold circuit; the output end of the high-gain amplifier A1 is connected with the sampling switch in series and then is butted with one end of the holding capacitor and the positive input end of the follower A2; the other end of the holding capacitor is grounded.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: and a PID temperature control algorithm is built in the control module, and the control module controls the heating module according to the first monitored temperature and the second monitored temperature received in real time and in combination with the PID temperature control algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the temperature control system of the lunar seismograph, which is disclosed by the invention, has the following technical effects:
the temperature control system of the lunar seismic detector is designed by adopting a brand-new system architecture design, the first temperature acquisition module and the second temperature acquisition module which are respectively arranged in the lunar seismic detector and outside the landing cabin are used for realizing real-time acquisition of temperatures of different environmental positions, specifically designed circuits are uploaded to the control module, and the control module is controlled by aiming at the heating module under the application of a PID temperature control algorithm, so that the temperature of the lunar seismic detector can be efficiently and accurately controlled, the lunar seismic detector can work at-100-65 ℃, the lunar seismic detector is protected, the normal data acquisition work of the lunar seismic detector on the moon is greatly facilitated, the working efficiency of the lunar seismic detector is improved, and an important reference value is provided for analyzing the propagation mode of lunar waves in the future to detect the internal structure of the moon and further answer the material composition in the moon and the formation mechanism of the lunar seismic.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control system of a seismograph according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample and hold circuit in a temperature control system of a seismograph according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an amplifying circuit in a temperature control system of a lunar seismograph according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage reduction circuit in a temperature control system of a lunar seismograph according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the functions of a thermal insulation module of a temperature control system of a lunar seismograph according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the solar energy collection device comprises a power module 1, a relay temperature control module 2, a first temperature collection module 3-1, a second temperature collection module 3-2, a control module 4, a heating module 5, a PID temperature control algorithm 6, a solar energy collection device 7, an energy storage device 8, a voltage conversion device 9, a high-gain amplifier A1, a sampling switch 11, a holding capacitor 12, a follower A2, a first polarity capacitor 14, a switch voltage regulator 15, a fly-wheel diode 16, an inductor 17 and a second polarity capacitor 18.
Detailed Description
The following description will explain embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention designs a temperature control system of a lunar seismograph, which is used for realizing the temperature regulation of the interior of the lunar seismograph and comprises a power module 1, a relay temperature control module 2, a first temperature acquisition module 3-1, a second temperature acquisition module 3-2, a control module 4 and a heating module 5, wherein the relay temperature control module 2 is connected with the first temperature acquisition module and the second temperature acquisition module respectively; the power supply module 1 is respectively butted with the control module 4 and the heating module 5, and power supply for the control module 4 and the heating module 5 is realized; the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 is arranged in the lunar seismic instrument and is used for acquiring a first monitoring temperature in the lunar seismic instrument in real time; the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 is arranged outside the landing capsule and is used for acquiring a second monitoring temperature outside the landing capsule in real time; the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 are respectively in butt joint with the control module 4 and are used for respectively uploading the first monitored temperature and the second monitored temperature obtained in real time to the control module 4, and in the actual work, the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 are designed to adopt a ceramic platinum thermal resistor, and the temperature range which can be measured by the ceramic platinum thermal resistor is-250-850 ℃.
The control end of the control module 4 is connected with the heating module 5 through the relay temperature control module 2, in practical application, one side of the relay temperature control module 2 is connected with the control module 4 through a triode, and the other side of the relay temperature control module is connected with the heating module 5; in application, the heating module 5 is arranged in the lunar seismograph, and the control module 4 controls the heating module 5 through the relay temperature control module 2 according to the first monitoring temperature and the second monitoring temperature received in real time to realize temperature adjustment in the lunar seismograph; in practical application, the PID temperature control algorithm 6 is arranged in the control module 4, the control module 4 controls the heating module 5 according to the first monitored temperature and the second monitored temperature received in real time by combining the PID temperature control algorithm 6, and the application of the PID temperature control algorithm 6 can improve the response speed, meet the high-precision temperature regulation and reduce the manufacturing cost to a great extent.
In practical application, the surface of the lunar seismic instrument is wrapped by a layer of heat insulation material, and when the temperature control system of the lunar seismic instrument is designed and the heating module 5 is controlled to work and heat up, the temperature can be kept.
When the designed temperature control system of the lunar seismograph is implemented in practice, the control module 4 is designed to adopt a single chip microcomputer, an STM32F103VET6 single chip microcomputer is specifically selected, and the switching voltage regulator 15 selects an LM2596 switching voltage regulator for application.
In practical application, the power module 1 is specifically designed to comprise a solar energy collecting device 7, an energy storage device 8 and a voltage conversion device 9; the solar energy collecting device 7 is respectively butted with the energy storing device 8 and the voltage converting device 9, the solar energy collecting device 7 collects solar energy and respectively transmits electric energy to the energy storing device 8 and the voltage converting device 9; meanwhile, the energy storage device 8 is connected with the voltage conversion device 9 in a butt joint mode, electric energy is transmitted to the voltage conversion device 9 from the energy storage device 8, and the energy storage device 8 is used for storing the electric energy; the voltage conversion device 9 is respectively connected with the control module 4 and the heating module 5 in a butt joint mode, and power supply for the control module 4 and the heating module 5 is achieved.
In the actual work of the system, when the solar energy collecting device 7 is in the daytime, the control module 4 and the heating module 5 can be supplied with power through the voltage conversion device 9, and energy is stored in the energy storage device 8; at night, the energy storage device 8 supplies power to the control module 4 and the heating module 5 through the voltage conversion device 9.
During the construction of the practical device, the energy storage device 8 consists of a storage battery and a super capacitor, the storage battery adopts a nickel-metal hydride battery, and the nickel-metal hydride battery is suitable for being used in an environment with the temperature of-40-60 ℃ and has excellent long-term floating impact resistance. The nickel-metal hydride battery can output 1.2V voltage, has the capacity of 550mAH, is 43mm high and has the diameter of 10 mm; the super capacitor can output 3V voltage, the diameter is 65mm, the height is 140mm, the temperature range of the using environment is-40-70 ℃, and the monomer capacity can reach 4000mAH, so that the energy storage device 8 is designed to comprise the super capacitor and the battery pack formed by connecting the nickel-hydrogen batteries in series, the solar energy collection device 7 is respectively connected with the super capacitor and the battery pack, and meanwhile, the super capacitor and the battery pack are respectively connected with the voltage conversion device 9.
In application, because the working voltage of the STM32F103VET6 single chip microcomputer is usually 3.3V, and the output voltage of the solar energy collection device 7 is usually 24V, before the STM32F103VET6 single chip microcomputer works, the 24V direct current voltage output by the solar energy collection device 7 needs to be subjected to voltage reduction processing, and therefore, the voltage conversion device 9 specifically comprises a voltage controller, a voltage boosting circuit and a voltage reducing circuit for power supply of the control module 4 and the heating module 5 respectively; the output end of the voltage controller is respectively connected with the input end of the boosting circuit and the input end of the voltage reduction circuit, the input end of the voltage controller is respectively connected with the solar energy collecting device 7 and the energy storing device 8 to obtain electric energy, and the electric energy is respectively transmitted to the boosting circuit and the voltage reduction circuit by the voltage controller; the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is in butt joint with the control module 4, and the voltage reduction circuit is used for executing voltage reduction operation aiming at the output voltage and supplying power to the control module 4 by the voltage after voltage reduction; the output end of the booster circuit is in butt joint with the heating module 5 and used for executing boosting operation aiming at output voltage, the boosted voltage is supplied to the heating module 5, in practical application, the booster circuit is designed to adopt a boost booster circuit, the voltage output by the solar energy collecting device 7 can be boosted and then supplied to the heating module 5, the current flowing through the heating module 5 is guaranteed to be small due to boosting, and therefore the heating value of components is guaranteed to be small.
In practical application, the voltage reduction circuit is specifically designed, as shown in fig. 4, and includes a first polarity capacitor 14, a switching voltage regulating valve 15, a freewheeling diode 16, an inductor 17, and a second polarity capacitor 18; wherein, the positive pole of the first polarity capacitor 14 is connected with the input end of the switch voltage regulating valve 15, and the connected end forms the input end of the voltage reducing circuit; the negative electrode of the first polarity capacitor 14, the ground terminal of the switching voltage regulating valve 15, the ON/OFF terminal of the switching voltage regulating valve 15, the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode 16 and the negative electrode of the second polarity capacitor 18 are connected, and the connection ends are grounded; the Feed back end of the switching voltage regulating valve 15 is butted with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode 16 and one end of the inductor 17; the output terminal of the switching voltage regulating valve 15, the other terminal of the inductor 17, and the positive electrode of the second polarity capacitor 18 are connected, and the connected terminals constitute the output terminal of the step-down circuit.
In the above-mentioned specific design for power module 1, further to solar energy collection device 7, the design includes solar panel and collection controller. The solar panel is made of a gallium arsenide material, and is unfolded in the daytime to enable the lunar seismograph to be in the shadow of the lunar seismograph so as to shade the lunar seismograph; when the moon is at night, the solar panel is folded and wrapped on the surface of the lunar seismic instrument to play a role in heat preservation.
In practical application, the voltage signal acquired by the temperature acquisition module is often small in amplitude and difficult to be directly subjected to a/D conversion, so that an amplifier is required to amplify the acquired analog signal. However, since a time-discrete sampling signal is required for a/D conversion, it is necessary to perform sampling processing on the signal after the signal is amplified. Since a/D conversion requires a time process, a sampled signal needs to be held for a certain period of time before a/D conversion is performed. Therefore, when the temperature acquisition module acquires a temperature signal, firstly, the acquired voltage signal passes through the amplifying circuit and the sampling/holding circuit and then is uploaded to the control module 4 through the analog-to-digital converter, namely, in the connection design of the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 with the control module 4, in order to improve the stability and accuracy of data transmission, the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 are specifically designed to be in butt joint with the control module 4 through the amplifying circuit, the sampling and holding circuit and the analog-to-digital converter respectively.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 3, the specific design for the amplifying circuit includes a first NPN transistor T1, a second NPN transistor T2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6; the base of the first NPN transistor T1, one end of the first resistor R1, and one end of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to form the positive input terminal of the amplifier circuit; an emitter of the first NPN transistor T1 is butted against one end of the fifth resistor R5; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 forms a negative input end of the amplifying circuit; the collector of the first NPN transistor T1 is butted against the base of the second NPN transistor T2 and one end of the second resistor R2; the other end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the third resistor R3 are connected, and the connected end is externally connected with voltage; the collector of the second NPN transistor T2 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, and the connected end constitutes the positive output end of the amplifying circuit; an emitter of the second NPN transistor T2 is butted against one end of the sixth resistor R6; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 forms a negative output end of the amplifying circuit; the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected, and the connection ends are grounded.
As shown in fig. 2, and for the sample-and-hold circuit, the specific design includes a high-gain amplifier a110, a sampling switch 11, a holding capacitor 12, and a follower a 213; the positive input end of the high-gain amplifier A110 forms the input end of the sample-and-hold circuit, the negative input end of the high-gain amplifier A110, the output end of the follower A213 and the negative input end of the follower A213 are connected, and the connected ends form the output end of the sample-and-hold circuit; after the output end of the high-gain amplifier A110 is connected with the sampling switch 11 in series, one end of the holding capacitor 12 and the positive input end of the follower A213 are butted; the other end of the holding capacitor 12 is grounded.
In application, the sampling holding circuit receives a signal amplified by the amplifying circuit, transmits the signal to the high gain amplifier A110, charges the holding capacitor 12 through the sampling switch 11, discharges the signal through the follower A213 after the charging is finished, and outputs the signal
Regarding the practical application of the analog-to-digital converter, the analog-to-digital converter with 12-bit precision is designed, the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 are designed to be respectively connected with the control module 4 through the amplifying circuit, the sample-and-hold circuit and the analog-to-digital converter in sequence, and on the basis of the connection, a filter can be further added, such as digital filtering, wherein the digital filtering can eliminate or inhibit interference signals through programs, hardware equipment is not needed for the digital filtering, the operation is simple, and the filter is connected in series in the application and between the temperature disability module and the amplifying circuit to realize the filtering processing of the acquired temperature.
When the temperature control system of the lunar seismic instrument designed by the invention is applied to practice, the lunar seismic instrument can normally work when the temperature is above-40 ℃, and the lunar seismic instrument can normally work when the surface temperature of a moon is between-100 and 65 ℃ due to the existence of the heat insulation system, as shown in fig. 5. When the temperature of the lunar seismograph is out of the range, the lunar seismograph cannot work normally, and the quality of collected data is reduced. In order to prevent the reduction of the quality of the acquired data caused by the failure of the lunar seismograph to work normally, namely, a first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and a second temperature acquisition module 3-2 which are applied in the design of the invention are respectively arranged in the lunar seismograph and outside the landing capsule; setting the lower limit value of the environmental temperature of the landing capsule and the lunar seismic instrument to be-100 ℃ and the upper limit value of the environmental temperature to be 65 ℃; considering that the temperature acquisition and the heating of the heating module 5 are delayed, when the temperature of the lunar seismograph system reaches-40 ℃, the heating module cannot be immediately driven to heat, and the low temperature can cause the damage of components, so the lower limit value of the temperature in the temperature control system of the lunar seismograph is set to be-30 ℃.
After the landing capsule lands on the lunar surface, if the environmental temperature collected by the landing capsule is lower than-100 ℃ or higher than 65 ℃, the lunar seismograph returns to the landing capsule for dormancy, and if the environmental temperature collected by the landing capsule is at-100 ℃ to 65 ℃, the lunar seismograph is released from the landing capsule to the lunar surface for working.
When the control module 4 receives a temperature value in the temperature control system of the lunar seismograph, the temperature value is compared with-30 ℃, when the collected first monitoring temperature value is lower than the lowest working temperature of the lunar seismograph by-30 ℃, the control module 4 drives the relay temperature control module 2 through the triode so as to drive the heating module 5 to heat the lunar seismograph system, when the collected working temperature value of the lunar seismograph is higher than the lowest working temperature allowed by the lunar seismograph by-30 ℃, the relay is disconnected, and the relay temperature control module 2 does not perform any operation. However, when the second monitoring temperature collected by the second temperature collecting module 3-2 outside the landing capsule is lower than-100 ℃ or higher than 65 ℃, the heat preservation effect of the temperature control system of the lunar seismic detector will be deteriorated, and at this time, the lunar seismic detector will be recovered to the landing capsule for dormancy, and will not be released to the lunar surface again for exploration until the temperature collected by the temperature sensor outside the landing capsule is higher than-100 ℃ or lower than 65 ℃. And when the second monitoring temperature acquired by the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 outside the landing capsule is lower than-100 ℃, the electric heater inside the landing capsule starts to work to heat the interior of the landing capsule. The lunar seismograph system needs to be wrapped with a layer of heat insulation material, so that the electric heater can keep the temperature of the system when heating the system.
The temperature control system of the lunar seismic instrument designed by the technical proposal adopts a brand-new system architecture design, and realizes the real-time acquisition of the temperatures of different environmental positions by applying the first temperature acquisition module 3-1 and the second temperature acquisition module 3-2 which are respectively arranged inside the lunar seismic instrument and outside the landing capsule, and each designed circuit is uploaded to the control module 4, and the control is carried out on the heating module 5 under the application of the PID temperature control algorithm 6, so that the temperature of the lunar seismic instrument can be efficiently and accurately controlled, the lunar seismic instrument can work at-100-65 ℃, thereby protecting the lunar seismic instrument, greatly facilitating the normal data acquisition work of the lunar seismic instrument on the moon, improving the working efficiency of the lunar seismic instrument, analyzing the transmission mode of the lunar seismic waves in the future to detect the internal structure of the moon, further, the answer to the material composition in the moon and the formation mechanism of the lunar earthquake provides important reference values.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a lunar seismic detector temperature control system for realize the temperature regulation to the interior of lunar seismic detector, its characterized in that: the device comprises a power module (1), a relay temperature control module (2), a first temperature acquisition module (3-1), a second temperature acquisition module (3-2), a control module (4) and a heating module (5); the first temperature acquisition module (3-1) is arranged in the lunar seismic instrument and is used for acquiring a first monitoring temperature in the lunar seismic instrument in real time; the second temperature acquisition module (3-2) is arranged outside the landing capsule and is used for acquiring a second monitoring temperature outside the landing capsule in real time; the first temperature acquisition module (3-1) and the second temperature acquisition module (3-2) are respectively butted with the control module (4) and used for respectively uploading the first monitoring temperature and the second monitoring temperature obtained in real time to the control module (4); the control end of the control module (4) is connected with the heating module (5) through the relay temperature control module (2), the heating module (5) is arranged in the lunar seismograph, and the control module (4) controls the heating module (5) through the relay temperature control module (2) according to the first monitoring temperature and the second monitoring temperature received in real time to realize temperature adjustment in the lunar seismograph; the power module (1) is respectively connected with the control module (4) and the heating module (5) in a butt joint mode, and power supply for the control module (4) and the heating module (5) is achieved.
2. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the power module (1) comprises a solar energy collecting device (7), an energy storage device (8) and a voltage conversion device (9); the solar energy collecting device (7) is respectively butted with the energy storing device (8) and the voltage converting device (9), the solar energy collecting device (7) collects solar energy and respectively transmits electric energy to the energy storing device (8) and the voltage converting device (9); meanwhile, the energy storage device (8) is connected with the voltage conversion device (9) in a butt joint mode, electric energy is transmitted to the voltage conversion device (9) from the energy storage device (8), and the energy storage device (8) is used for storing the electric energy; the voltage conversion device (9) is respectively connected with the control module (4) and the heating module (5) in a butt joint mode, and power supply for the control module (4) and the heating module (5) is achieved.
3. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 2, wherein: the voltage conversion device (9) comprises a voltage controller, a boosting circuit and a voltage reduction circuit; the output end of the voltage controller is respectively butted with the input end of the boosting circuit and the input end of the voltage reduction circuit, the input end of the voltage controller is respectively butted with the solar energy acquisition device (7) and the energy storage device (8) to acquire electric energy, and the electric energy is respectively transmitted to the boosting circuit and the voltage reduction circuit by the voltage controller; the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is in butt joint with the control module (4), and the voltage reduction circuit is used for executing voltage reduction operation aiming at the output voltage and realizing that the voltage after voltage reduction supplies power for the control module (4); the output end of the booster circuit is in butt joint with the heating module (5) and is used for executing boosting operation aiming at the output voltage, and the boosted voltage supplies power to the heating module (5).
4. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 3, wherein: the voltage reduction circuit comprises a first polarity capacitor (14), a switching voltage regulating valve (15), a freewheeling diode (16), an inductor (17) and a second polarity capacitor (18); the positive electrode of the first polarity capacitor (14) is in butt joint with the input end of the switching voltage regulating valve (15), and the butt joint end forms the input end of the voltage reduction circuit; the negative electrode of the first polarity capacitor (14), the grounding end of the switching voltage regulating valve (15), the ON/OFF end of the switching voltage regulating valve (15), the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode (16) and the negative electrode of the second polarity capacitor (18) are connected, and the connection ends are grounded; a Feed back end of the switching voltage regulating valve (15) is connected with the negative electrode of the continuous current diode (16) and one end of the inductor (17); the output end of the switch voltage regulating valve (15), the other end of the inductor (17) and the anode of the second polarity capacitor (18) are connected, and the connected ends form the output end of the voltage reduction circuit.
5. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 3, wherein: the boost circuit is a boost circuit.
6. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 2, wherein: the energy storage device (8) comprises a super capacitor and a battery pack formed by connecting each nickel-metal hydride battery in series, the solar energy acquisition device (7) is respectively connected with the super capacitor and the battery pack in a butt joint mode, and meanwhile, the super capacitor and the battery pack are respectively connected with the voltage conversion device (9) in a butt joint mode.
7. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the first temperature acquisition module (3-1) and the second temperature acquisition module (3-2) are respectively in butt joint with the control module (4) through an amplifying circuit, a sample-and-hold circuit and an analog-to-digital converter in sequence.
8. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 7, wherein: the amplifying circuit comprises a first NPN transistor T1, a second NPN transistor T2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6; the base of the first NPN transistor T1, one end of the first resistor R1, and one end of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to form the positive input terminal of the amplifier circuit; an emitter of the first NPN transistor T1 is butted against one end of the fifth resistor R5; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 forms a negative input end of the amplifying circuit; the collector of the first NPN transistor T1 is butted against the base of the second NPN transistor T2 and one end of the second resistor R2; the other end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the third resistor R3 are connected, and the connected end is externally connected with voltage; the collector of the second NPN transistor T2 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, and the connected end constitutes the positive output end of the amplifying circuit; an emitter of the second NPN transistor T2 is butted against one end of the sixth resistor R6; the other end of the sixth resistor R6 forms a negative output end of the amplifying circuit; the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected, and the connection ends are grounded.
9. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 7, wherein: the sampling hold circuit comprises a high-gain amplifier A1 (10), a sampling switch (11), a holding capacitor (12) and a follower A2 (13); the positive input end of the high-gain amplifier A1 (10) forms the input end of the sample-hold circuit, the negative input end of the high-gain amplifier A1 (10), the output end of the follower A2 (13) and the negative input end of the follower A2 (13) are connected, and the connected ends form the output end of the sample-hold circuit; the output end of the high-gain amplifier A1 (10) is connected with the sampling switch (11) in series and then is butted with one end of the holding capacitor (12) and the positive input end of the follower A2 (13); the other end of the holding capacitor (12) is grounded.
10. The lunar seismograph temperature control system of claim 1, wherein: the PID temperature control algorithm (6) is arranged in the control module (4), and the control module (4) controls the heating module (5) according to the first monitoring temperature and the second monitoring temperature which are received in real time and in combination with the PID temperature control algorithm (6).
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| CN202011086917.XA CN112162579B (en) | 2020-10-12 | Moonquake instrument temperature control system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011086917.XA CN112162579B (en) | 2020-10-12 | Moonquake instrument temperature control system |
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