CN112161868B - Time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics - Google Patents
Time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics, which comprises the following steps: 1. sampling the top and bottom plates of the coal mine working face; 2. obtaining the ultimate compressive strength and time for the sample to reach complete crushing; 3. counting average period compaction strength corresponding to different propelling speeds of a coal mine working face; 4. segmentation of the time for the sample to reach full fracture; 5. calculating the single loading peak intensity in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test; 6. calculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment; 7. cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve; 8. time-lag rock burst disaster aging early warning. The invention establishes a conversion mechanism of single loading and unloading experiment time and a daily working system of a coal mine working face, and predicts the occurrence time of time-lag rock burst by analyzing the time of the sample reaching the ultimate strength through the loading and unloading experiment, so that the prediction has certain universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock burst disaster warning, and particularly relates to a time-lag rock burst disaster warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of the mining depth and intensity of coal mines in China, the induced rock burst dynamic disasters are more and more frequent. Because the time, place, energy, seismic source and the like of the rock burst have complex diversity and burst, the early warning work of the rock burst is very difficult. The conventional early warning methods for coal mines in China at present comprise a microseismic method, a ground sound method, an electromagnetic radiation method, a drilling cutting method and the like, and have certain guiding significance for actual mining work of rock burst coal mines. The method judges whether rock burst occurs in front of the working face according to the data monitored by the monitoring equipment, and mainly aims at early warning and identification of 'instant' rock burst. Because continuous mining disturbance of the coal face easily causes damage accumulation of roof strata behind the face (the section which is already mined), the roof strata is continuously propelled along with the face to induce 'time-lag' impact mine pressure, but a key area for monitoring the rock burst of the coal mine is positioned in front of the coal face, so that the prediction effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics, establishes a conversion mechanism of single loading and unloading experiment time and a daily working system of a coal mine working face, utilizes the single loading and unloading experiment times to represent the time of occurrence of the rock burst disaster, predicts the time of occurrence of the time-lag rock burst by analyzing the time of the sample reaching the ultimate strength through the loading and unloading experiment, increases the timeliness of early warning, establishes different loading and unloading rates for a plurality of rock burst coal mines, ensures that the prediction has certain universality, provides effective basis for early warning of the time-lag rock burst, and is convenient to popularize and use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, sampling the top and bottom plates of a coal mine working face: drilling and sampling from the top and bottom plates of the coal mine stope face with rock burst disasters, and determining the impact mine pressure intensity P of the coal mine face c ；
Step two, obtaining the ultimate compressive strength and time for the sample to be completely crushed: carrying out uniaxial compression test on a coal mine working surface sample to obtain the ultimate compression strength P of the sample reaching complete crushing max And time T;
step three, counting average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to different propelling speeds of the coal mine working face: grading the propelling speeds of coal mining machines of coal mine working surfaces with rock burst disasters, and counting average period compaction intensity corresponding to different propelling speeds of the coal mine working surfaces
Step four, segmenting the time for the sample to reach complete crushing: based on a daily working time system of an actual coal mine, segmenting time T when a sample is completely crushed to obtain T=aT+bT, wherein a is the daily working time ratio of the actual coal mine and 0 < a < 1, b is the daily non-working time ratio of the actual coal mine and 0 < b < 1, and a+b=1;
aT is the loading time of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment, and bT is the unloading time of the single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment;
step five, calculating the single loading peak intensity in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test: according to the formulaCalculating single loading peak intensity P in cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test d ；
Step six, calculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test: according to the formulaCalculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment>
Step seven, cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve, wherein the process is as follows:
701, performing a first loading and unloading experiment on a sample by using a WANCE universal tester, and using the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experimentLoading the sample, wherein the loading time of the sample is aT and reaches the peak intensity P of single loading d After that, the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is increased>After unloading the sample, completing a first loading and unloading experiment of the sample, and drawing a first loading and unloading intensity curve by taking time as an abscissa, loading intensity as an ordinate and a coordinate origin as a starting point;
step 702, taking the last single loading and unloading experiment end point as the current single loading and unloading experiment start point, and using the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experimentLoading the sample, wherein the loading time length of the sample is aT, and the difference value between the peak intensity of the loading and the initial intensity of the sample is P d After that, the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is increased>After unloading the sample, completing a single loading and unloading experiment of the sample after the unloading time length of the sample is bT, and drawing the loading and unloading intensity curve of the sample by taking the end point of the first loading and unloading intensity curve as a starting point;
the initial strength of the sample is the strength corresponding to the last single loading and unloading experiment end point of the sample;
step 703, repeatedly cycling step 702 until the sample is completely crushed, completing the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test, and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve to obtain the total duration T of the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test s ；
Step eight, time-lag rock burst disaster aging early warning: according to the formulaAnd calculating the number of times n of single loading and unloading experiment, wherein the time for the sample to be completely crushed is segmented according to a daily working time system of an actual coal mine, and the time for predicting the occurrence of time-lag rock burst disasters is n days according to a similar theory, wherein n is a positive number.
The time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the daily working time system of the actual coal mine comprises three eight systems and four six systems;
the three-eight machine works for sixteen hours and overhauls for eight hours each day;
the four-six manufacturing process is operated for eighteen hours and overhauled for six hours each day.
The time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the fourth step, when the daily working time system of the actual coal mine is three to eight, the daily working time ratio a of the actual coal mine is takenThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>
When the daily working time system of the actual coal mine is four and six, the daily working time of the actual coal mine is taken by the ratio aThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>
The time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics is characterized by comprising the following steps of: thirdly, carrying out three-level classification on the coal mining machine propelling speed of the coal mine working face with rock burst disasters, and counting the average period pressure intensity corresponding to the high-speed propelling level of the coal mine working faceCorresponding average period incoming pressure intensity +.>Average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to low-speed propulsion level of coal mine working face>
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the method, drilling and sampling are carried out on the top and bottom plates of the coal mine stoping working face with rock burst disasters, rock loading and unloading mechanical experiments are carried out on the rock samples of the top and bottom plates of the coal mine with rock burst disasters, and an experimental scheme is designed by combining working system of the working face, so that disturbance of actual mining activities on site to the top and bottom plates of the working face is simulated, the method is reliable and effective, and the using effect is good.
2. According to the method, the time for achieving the ultimate compressive strength of the rock sample on the top and bottom plates is obtained through the uniaxial compression test, the time T for achieving complete crushing of the sample is segmented based on the daily working time system of an actual coal mine, the loading time of a single loading and unloading test in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test and the unloading time of a single loading and unloading test in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test are obtained, the method is reliable and stable, and the time for achieving the ultimate strength of the sample is analyzed through the loading and unloading test to predict the occurrence time of time-lapse rock burst.
3. According to the method, the coal mining machine propelling speed of the coal mine working face with rock burst disasters is graded, strong mining corresponds to strong impact, the occurrence frequency of rock burst is increased when the working face is propelled too fast, after the loading and unloading time is determined, experiments with different loading and unloading speeds of high, medium and low are set according to the different propelling speeds, the influence of the propelling speed on time-lag rock burst is analyzed, and the method is convenient to popularize and use.
4. The method has simple steps, the time of occurrence of rock burst disasters is represented by using the number of single loading and unloading experiments, the time of reaching the ultimate strength of the sample is analyzed through the loading and unloading experiments to predict the time-lag rock burst, the timeliness of early warning is improved, the prediction has certain universality, and an effective basis is provided for early warning of the time-lag rock burst.
In summary, the invention establishes a conversion mechanism of single loading and unloading experiment time and a daily working system of a coal mine working face, the time of occurrence of rock burst disasters is represented by the single loading and unloading experiment times, the time of reaching the ultimate strength of a sample is analyzed through the loading and unloading experiment to predict the time-lag rock burst occurrence time, the timeliness of early warning is improved, different loading and unloading rates are established for a plurality of rock burst coal mines, the influence of the propulsion speed on the time-lag rock burst is analyzed, so that the prediction has certain universality, an effective basis is provided for early warning of the time-lag rock burst, and the popularization and the use are facilitated.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the intensity profile of cyclic loading and unloading according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics comprises the following steps:
step one, sampling the top and bottom plates of a coal mine working face: drilling and sampling from the top and bottom plates of the coal mine stope face with rock burst disasters, and determining the impact mine pressure intensity P of the coal mine face c ；
The method is characterized in that drilling and sampling are carried out from the top and bottom plates of the coal mine stoping working face with rock burst disasters, rock loading and unloading mechanical experiments are carried out on the rock samples of the top and bottom plates of the coal mine with rock burst disasters, and an experimental scheme is designed by combining the working system of the working face, so that disturbance of actual mining activities on site to the top and bottom plates of the working face is simulated.
Step two, obtaining the ultimate compressive strength and time for the sample to be completely crushed: carrying out uniaxial compression test on a coal mine working surface sample to obtain the ultimate compression strength P of the sample reaching complete crushing max And time T;
the method is characterized in that the time for obtaining the ultimate compressive strength of the rock sample of the top and bottom plates through the uniaxial compression test is firstly obtained, the time T for obtaining the complete breaking of the sample is segmented based on the daily working time system of an actual coal mine, the loading time of a single loading and unloading test in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test and the unloading time of a single loading and unloading test in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test are obtained, the stability is reliable, and the time for obtaining the ultimate strength of the sample is analyzed through the loading and unloading test to predict the occurrence time of time-lapse rock burst.
Step three, counting average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to different propelling speeds of the coal mine working face: grading the propelling speeds of coal mining machines of coal mine working surfaces with rock burst disasters, and counting average period compaction intensity corresponding to different propelling speeds of the coal mine working surfaces
It should be noted that, grading the coal mining machine propulsion speed of the coal mine working face with rock burst disasters, wherein strong mining corresponds to strong impact, too fast propulsion of the working face can increase the occurrence frequency of rock burst, after the loading and unloading time is determined, experiments with different loading and unloading rates of high, medium and low are set according to different propulsion speeds, and the influence of the propulsion speeds on time-lapse rock burst is analyzed.
Step four, segmenting the time for the sample to reach complete crushing: based on a daily working time system of an actual coal mine, segmenting time T when a sample is completely crushed to obtain T=aT+bT, wherein a is the daily working time ratio of the actual coal mine and 0 < a < 1, b is the daily non-working time ratio of the actual coal mine and 0 < b < 1, and a+b=1;
aT is the loading time of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment, and bT is the unloading time of the single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment;
in this embodiment, the actual working time schedule of the coal mine includes three eight systems and four six systems;
the three-eight machine works for sixteen hours and overhauls for eight hours each day;
the four-six manufacturing process is operated for eighteen hours and overhauled for six hours each day.
In the fourth embodiment, when the daily working time system of the actual coal mine is three to eight, the daily working time ratio a of the actual coal mine is takenThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>
When the daily working time system of the actual coal mine is four and six, the daily working time of the actual coal mine is taken by the ratio aThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>
Step five, single feeding in a calculation cycle loading and unloading uniaxial compression testPeak load intensity: according to the formulaCalculating single loading peak intensity P in cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test d ；
Step six, calculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test: according to the formulaCalculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment>
In the third step of the embodiment, three-level classification is performed on the advancing speed of the coal mining machine of the coal mine working face with rock burst disasters, and the average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to the high-speed advancing level of the coal mine working face is countedCorresponding average period incoming pressure intensity +.>Average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to low-speed propulsion level of coal mine working face>
The intensity of pressure is adjusted according to the corresponding average period under the high-speed propulsion level of the coal mine working faceObtaining the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the corresponding cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test of the coal mine working face under the high-speed propulsion level>The intensity of pressure is increased according to the corresponding average period under the medium-speed propulsion grade of the coal mine working face>Obtaining the loading and unloading rate +.f of a single loading and unloading experiment in a corresponding cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test under the medium-speed propulsion grade of the coal mine working face>The intensity of pressure is increased according to the corresponding average period of the low-speed propulsion level of the coal mine working face>Obtaining the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the corresponding cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test of the coal mine working face under the low-speed propulsion level>The advancing speeds of mines with different rock burst correspond to different loading and unloading rates, so that the total duration T of the follow-up cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test s Different from each other.
Step seven, cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve, wherein the process is as follows:
701, performing a first loading and unloading experiment on a sample by using a WANCE universal tester, and using the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experimentLoading the sample, wherein the loading time of the sample is aT and reaches the peak intensity P of single loading d After that, the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is increased>After unloading the sample, completing a first loading and unloading experiment of the sample, and drawing a first loading and unloading intensity curve by taking time as an abscissa, loading intensity as an ordinate and a coordinate origin as a starting point;
step 702,The last single loading and unloading experiment end point is used as the starting point of the single loading and unloading experiment, and the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is usedLoading the sample, wherein the loading time length of the sample is aT, and the difference value between the peak intensity of the loading and the initial intensity of the sample is P d After that, the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is increased>After unloading the sample, completing a single loading and unloading experiment of the sample after the unloading time length of the sample is bT, and drawing the loading and unloading intensity curve of the sample by taking the end point of the first loading and unloading intensity curve as a starting point;
the initial strength of the sample is the strength corresponding to the last single loading and unloading experiment end point of the sample;
step 703, repeatedly cycling step 702 until the sample is completely crushed, completing the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test, and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve to obtain the total duration T of the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test s ；
In the embodiment, the working time system of each day of an actual coal mine is three or eight; the daily working time of the actual coal mine is taken by the duty ratio aThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>The loading time of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test is +.>The unloading time of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test is +.>Drawing cycle loading and unloadingLoad intensity curves, as shown in fig. 1.
Step eight, time-lag rock burst disaster aging early warning: according to the formulaAnd calculating the number of times n of single loading and unloading experiment, wherein the time for the sample to be completely crushed is segmented according to a daily working time system of an actual coal mine, and the time for predicting the occurrence of time-lag rock burst disasters is n days according to a similar theory, wherein n is a positive number.
The method establishes a conversion mechanism of single loading and unloading experiment time and a daily working system of a coal mine working face, characterizes the occurrence time of rock burst disasters by utilizing the number of single loading and unloading experiments, predicts the occurrence time of time-lag rock burst by analyzing the time of a sample reaching the ultimate strength through the loading and unloading experiment, increases the timeliness of early warning, establishes different loading and unloading rates for a plurality of rock burst coal mines, analyzes the influence of the propulsion speed on the time-lag rock burst, ensures that the prediction has certain universality, and provides effective basis for early warning of the time-lag rock burst.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A time-lag rock burst disaster early warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, sampling the top and bottom plates of a coal mine working face: drilling and sampling from the top and bottom plates of the coal mine stope face with rock burst disasters, and determining the impact mine pressure intensity P of the coal mine face c ；
Step two, obtaining the ultimate compressive strength and time for the sample to be completely crushed: carrying out uniaxial compression test on a coal mine working surface sample to obtain the ultimate compression strength P of the sample reaching complete crushing max And time T;
step three, counting average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to different propelling speeds of the coal mine working face: grading the propelling speeds of coal mining machines of coal mine working surfaces with rock burst disasters, and counting average period compaction intensity corresponding to different propelling speeds of the coal mine working surfaces
Step four, segmenting the time for the sample to reach complete crushing: based on a daily working time system of an actual coal mine, segmenting time T when a sample is completely crushed to obtain T=aT+bT, wherein a is the daily working time ratio of the actual coal mine and 0 < a < 1, b is the daily non-working time ratio of the actual coal mine and 0 < b < 1, and a+b=1;
aT is the loading time of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment, and bT is the unloading time of the single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment;
step five, calculating the single loading peak intensity in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test: according to the formulaCalculating single loading peak intensity P in cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test d ；
Step six, calculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test: according to the formulaCalculating the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experiment in the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression experiment>
Step seven, cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve, wherein the process is as follows:
step 701, utilize WANCEThe universal testing machine performs a first loading and unloading experiment on the sample at the loading and unloading rate of a single loading and unloading experimentLoading the sample, wherein the loading time of the sample is aT and reaches the peak intensity P of single loading d After that, the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is increased>After unloading the sample, completing a first loading and unloading experiment of the sample, and drawing a first loading and unloading intensity curve by taking time as an abscissa, loading intensity as an ordinate and a coordinate origin as a starting point;
step 702, taking the last single loading and unloading experiment end point as the current single loading and unloading experiment start point, and using the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experimentLoading the sample, wherein the loading time length of the sample is aT, and the difference value between the peak intensity of the loading and the initial intensity of the sample is P d After that, the loading and unloading rate of the single loading and unloading experiment is increased>After unloading the sample, wherein the unloading time length of the sample is bT, completing a single loading and unloading experiment of the sample, and drawing the loading and unloading intensity curve by taking the end point of the last loading and unloading intensity curve as a starting point;
the initial strength of the sample is the strength corresponding to the last single loading and unloading experiment end point of the sample;
step 703, repeatedly cycling step 702 until the sample is completely crushed, completing the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test, and drawing a cyclic loading and unloading strength curve to obtain the total duration T of the cyclic loading and unloading uniaxial compression test s ；
Step eight, time-lag rock burst disaster aging early warning: according to the formulaAnd calculating the number of times n of single loading and unloading experiment, wherein the time for the sample to be completely crushed is segmented according to a daily working time system of an actual coal mine, and the time for predicting the occurrence of time-lag rock burst disasters is n days according to a similar theory, wherein n is a positive number.
2. The time-lapse rock burst disaster warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the daily working time system of the actual coal mine comprises three eight systems and four six systems;
the three-eight machine works for sixteen hours and overhauls for eight hours each day;
the four-six manufacturing process is operated for eighteen hours and overhauled for six hours each day.
3. The time-lapse rock burst disaster warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the fourth step, when the daily working time system of the actual coal mine is three to eight, the daily working time ratio a of the actual coal mine is takenThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>
When the daily working time system of the actual coal mine is four and six, the daily working time of the actual coal mine is taken by the ratio aThe daily dead time of the actual coal mine is taken to be +.>
4. The time-lapse rock burst disaster warning method based on coal rock mining dynamics according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: thirdly, carrying out three-level classification on the coal mining machine propelling speed of the coal mine working face with rock burst disasters, and counting the average period pressure intensity corresponding to the high-speed propelling level of the coal mine working faceCorresponding average period incoming pressure intensity +.>Average period incoming pressure intensity corresponding to low-speed propulsion level of coal mine working face>
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| 基于两体系统动态加卸载效应的冲击地压机理;向鹏等;《煤炭学报》;第2698-2705页 * |
| 循环荷载下强冲击倾向煤样失稳的前兆信息分析;肖福坤;侯志远;于涵;;黑龙江科技大学学报(第04期);第51-57页 * |
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