CN112161603A - Building settlement monitoring method, monitoring device and monitoring system - Google Patents
Building settlement monitoring method, monitoring device and monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building settlement monitoring method, a monitoring device and a monitoring system. Setting a monitoring point on each of a plurality of buildings, wherein the monitoring points are respectively marked as 1,2, …, N and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 3, and all the monitoring points are approximately positioned in the same horizontal plane; emitting light spots from a monitoring point 1 to a monitoring point 2, emitting light spots from the monitoring point 2 to a monitoring point 3, and so on, emitting light spots from a monitoring point N to the monitoring point 1 to form a closed loop; collecting a light spot image of each monitoring point; comparing the acquired light spot image of each monitoring point with the reference image thereof, calculating the displacement of the light spot, and obtaining the settlement of the monitoring point from which the light spot comes relative to the monitoring point. The invention has the characteristics of moderate cost and high precision, and effectively solves the problems of low efficiency and high price of GPS positioning monitoring of the traditional building monitoring method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building monitoring, and particularly relates to a building settlement monitoring method, a monitoring device and a monitoring system.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China and the continuous improvement of comprehensive strength, a high-rise building is pulled out, and huge potential safety hazards are brought to surrounding buildings in the process of foundation pit excavation. And therefore require regular monitoring of the building. The traditional manual method has high cost, low accuracy and more restriction factors. And the cost of accurate positioning monitoring by using the GPS is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a building settlement monitoring method, a monitoring device and a monitoring system, which have the characteristics of moderate cost and high precision and effectively solve the problems of low efficiency and high price of GPS positioning monitoring of the traditional building monitoring method.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building settlement monitoring method including: setting a monitoring point on each of a plurality of buildings, wherein the monitoring points are respectively marked as 1,2, …, N and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 3, and all the monitoring points are approximately positioned in the same horizontal plane; emitting light spots from a monitoring point 1 to a monitoring point 2, emitting light spots from the monitoring point 2 to a monitoring point 3, and so on, emitting light spots from a monitoring point N to the monitoring point 1 to form a closed loop; collecting a light spot image of each monitoring point; data processing: comparing the acquired light spot image of each monitoring point with the reference image thereof, calculating the displacement of the light spot, and obtaining the settlement of the monitoring point from which the light spot comes relative to the monitoring point.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises selecting one monitoring point from all the monitoring points as a reference monitoring point, calibrating the reference monitoring point, and determining the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point; the data processing further comprises: and determining the settlement amount of other monitoring points according to the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point.
In some embodiments, the light spots are laser light spots, and are generated by point lasers installed at each monitoring point; mounting a target at each monitoring point, and irradiating laser spots on the targets; and a camera is arranged at each monitoring point and used for collecting laser spot images on the target.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: monitoring the inclination angle of each monitoring point; synchronously acquiring a laser spot image and an inclination angle at each monitoring point, sending acquired data and identity information of the monitoring points to a cloud server, and storing the data and the identity information into a database of the cloud server; and calibrating the reference monitoring point by using the total station, sending the settlement of the reference monitoring point to the cloud server, and storing the settlement into a database of the cloud server.
In some embodiments, the user calls data in the database of the cloud service through the PC and performs data processing operations to obtain the settlement amount for each monitoring point.
In some embodiments, the data obtained by the data processing operation is numbered and then stored in the database of the cloud server again; and displaying the settlement amount and the inclination angle of each monitoring point in real time through a visual interface.
In some embodiments, the PC activates an alarm system to alarm when the settlement or tilt angle of the building exceeds a set threshold.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building settlement monitoring device for installation at a monitoring point on a building, the monitoring point being located on the building being monitored; the monitoring device comprises a light emitter, a light receiver, an image collector, a controller and a communication module; the light receiver is used for receiving a light source emitted by the outside and enabling the light source to form a light spot image; the image collector is used for collecting a light spot image formed on the light receiver; the controller is used for sending the data collected by the image collector and the identity information of the monitoring point out through the communication module.
In some embodiments, the light emitter is a point laser, the light receiver is a target, the image collector is a camera, the controller is an ARM development board, and the communication module is a wireless communication module.
According to another aspect of the invention, a building settlement monitoring system is provided, which comprises a data processing system and N settlement monitoring devices installed on monitoring points of N buildings, wherein the N settlement monitoring devices are respectively marked as 1,2, …, N is a natural number and is more than or equal to 3, and the buildings, the monitoring points and the settlement monitoring devices are in one-to-one correspondence; the N monitoring points are approximately positioned in the same horizontal plane, and the N settlement monitoring devices are installed according to the same standard; each settlement monitoring device includes: the system comprises a light emitter, a light receiver, an image collector, a controller and a communication module; the light emitter of the settlement monitoring device 1 points to the light receiver of the settlement monitoring device 2, the light emitter of the settlement monitoring device 2 points to the light receiver of the settlement monitoring device 3, and so on, the light emitter of the settlement monitoring device N points to the light receiver of the settlement monitoring device 1 to form a closed loop; in each settlement monitoring device, an image collector is aligned with an optical receiver and used for collecting light spot images on the optical receiver, and a controller is used for sending the light spot images collected by the image collector and the identity information of corresponding monitoring points to a data processing system through a communication module; and the data processing system is used for comparing the acquired light spot image of each monitoring point with the reference image thereof, calculating the displacement of the light spot and obtaining the settlement of the monitoring point from which the light spot comes relative to the monitoring point.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a reference monitoring point calibration device for calibrating the reference monitoring point and determining the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point, wherein the reference monitoring point is one monitoring point selected from the N monitoring points; the data processing system is further configured to determine settlement amounts of other monitoring points based on the settlement amounts of the reference monitoring point.
In some embodiments, the reference monitoring point calibration device is a total station.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: based on the internet of things technology, monitoring points are surrounded into a circle to form a closed loop structure, deformation information of a building is measured in real time by using a tilt angle sensor and an image processing technology, non-contact measurement is achieved, the monitoring points are calibrated by using a total station, and measurement accuracy is guaranteed. The invention has wide application scene, and has the characteristics of moderate cost and high precision.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a building settlement monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an installation of a building settlement monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a building settlement monitoring system of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the building settlement monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention has an external shape similar to a house structure, and is made of a metal waterproof material, and has a visor structure at the top and a square hollow structure at the bottom. Be provided with monitoring devices's functional unit in hollow structure, specifically include: the device comprises a point laser, a target, a camera, a tilt angle sensor, an ARM development board and a wireless communication module. The lens of the camera is aligned with the target and used for collecting the laser spot image on the target. The inclination angle sensor is used for collecting inclination angle data of the monitoring point. The ARM development board is used for controlling the camera and the tilt sensor to synchronously acquire data, and transmits the acquired data and the identity information of the monitored object through the wireless communication module so as to process the data.
In the embodiment of the invention, three buildings are selected and respectively numbered A, B, C, as shown in fig. 2, each building is provided with a monitoring point which is correspondingly marked as monitoring point 1, monitoring point 2 and monitoring point 3, and each monitoring point is provided with a building settlement monitoring device. The point laser of monitoring point 1 points to the target of monitoring point 2, the point laser of monitoring point 2 points to the target of monitoring point 3, and the point laser of monitoring point 3 points to the target of monitoring point 1. In some embodiments, each monitoring point has the same height, that is, each monitoring point is in the same horizontal plane. In some embodiments, the distance between any two monitoring points is no more than 50 meters. In some embodiments, a total station is used to continuously calibrate one of the monitoring points, so as to ensure the monitoring accuracy.
As shown in fig. 3, during operation, the laser spot emitted by the point laser of the monitoring point 1 irradiates on the target of the monitoring point 2, the laser spot emitted by the point laser of the monitoring point 2 irradiates on the target of the monitoring point 3, and the laser spot emitted by the point laser of the monitoring point 3 irradiates on the target of the monitoring point 1, thereby forming a closed loop. The monitoring point 1 corresponding to the building A is installed in a monitoring device of the monitoring point 1, a camera collects laser spot images on a target, an inclination angle sensor collects inclination angle data of the monitoring point, an ARM development board controls the camera and the inclination angle sensor to synchronously collect data, the collected data and the monitoring point number are packaged, and the data and the monitoring point number are sent to a cloud server through a 4G communication module and stored in a database of the cloud server. Similarly, in monitoring point 2 that building B corresponds, install in the monitoring devices of monitoring point 2, ARM development board sends the cloud ware through 4G communication module after packing camera and tilt sensor synchronous acquisition's data and monitoring point serial number, deposits in the database of cloud ware. Monitoring point 3 that corresponds at building C installs in monitoring devices of monitoring point 3, and ARM development board sends the cloud ware through 4G communication module after packing camera and tilt sensor synchronous acquisition's data and monitoring point serial number, deposits in the database of cloud ware.
In some embodiments, a user calls data in a database of the cloud server through a PC, and performs data processing to obtain settlement data of each monitoring point.
In some embodiments, a certain time t is selected as a reference time, and at each monitoring point, an image acquired by the camera at the time t is a reference image. In some embodiments, at each monitoring point, after time t, the camera continues to acquire laser spot images, processes the images acquired by the camera, compares the current image with the reference image, and calculates the displacement of the spot in the field of view of the lens, that is, the settlement of the monitoring point where the spot laser generating the spot is located relative to the monitoring point at the current time. For example, at the monitoring point 1, the camera collects an image at time t as a reference image, after time t, the camera continues to collect laser spot images, the images collected by the camera are processed, the current image is compared with the reference image, and the displacement of the spots in the lens field of view, namely the settlement of the monitoring point 3 at the current time relative to the monitoring point 1, is calculated. Similarly, at the monitoring point 2, the image collected by the camera is processed, the current image is compared with the reference image, and the displacement of the light spot in the field of view of the lens is calculated, namely the settlement of the monitoring point 1 relative to the monitoring point 2 at the current moment. And processing the image collected by the camera at the monitoring point 3, comparing the current image with the reference image, and calculating the displacement of the light spot in the visual field of the lens, namely the settlement of the monitoring point 2 relative to the monitoring point 3 at the current moment.
In some embodiments, one monitoring point is selected as a reference monitoring point, the reference monitoring point is calibrated by using a total station, the settling amount of the reference monitoring point is determined, and the settling amount is sent to a cloud server and stored in a database of the cloud server.
In some embodiments, the settlement amount of the building corresponding to the reference monitoring point is determined according to the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point. In some embodiments, settlement amounts of other monitoring points are calculated according to the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point, and then settlement amounts of buildings corresponding to the other monitoring points are determined.
In some embodiments, the processed data is numbered and then stored in the database of the cloud server again. In some embodiments, the inclination angle and settlement data of each monitoring point are displayed in real time through a visual interface, so that the deformation information of the building can be monitored in real time.
In some embodiments, a threshold value is preset, and when the settlement amount or the inclination angle of the building exceeds the set threshold value, the PC starts an alarm system to give an alarm, and relevant personnel are warned to pay attention to safety and take measures.
The total station requires high precision of distance measurement and angle measurement and is convenient to install. In some embodiments, the total station brand is suzhou light, model HTS212S, ranging accuracy: + (2mm +2 × 10-62D), angle measurement precision: 2', communication mode: RS-232C/USB/SD card/Bluetooth.
The point laser requires larger power, small volume and smaller light spot. The target requires a rough surface, reducing the laser scattering phenomenon. In some embodiments, both the spot laser and the target need to be customized. The spot laser has small specification, convenient installation, 400mw of power, strong light transmission and small light spot. In some embodiments, the targets include a first target and a second target, both of which are cross targets, the first target and the second target forming a single unit along one edge with a 90 ° included angle. In some embodiments, the surface of the first target and the second target is frosted to prevent scattering of the laser light, and the specification is 50cm by 50 cm.
The camera requires a high pixel and a long focal length, and the installation position of the camera is aligned with the target. In some embodiments, the camera is of the OV2640 model: the ATK-OV2640 camera module is a high-performance camera module produced by ALIENTEK.
The inclination angle sensor is required to be capable of measuring the offset angles of three axes of the building, and the inclination angle sensor of each monitoring point is capable of measuring the inclination angle of the monitoring point. In some embodiments, the tilt sensor is a Vicat intelligent brand, model SINDT, weight 100g, size 55 × 36 × 24mm, operating current 0.01A, and operating voltage 5V.
The ARM development board requires high performance, low power consumption and small size, and can control the camera and the tilt sensor to perform synchronous data acquisition. In some embodiments, the ARM development board model is i.mx6ul, which is developed by the research and development team of weskal in shanghai china, the application processor is based on an ARM Cortex-a7 kernel with a dominant frequency up to 528MHz, and includes an integrated power management unit, reducing the complexity of an external power supply and simplifying the power-on timing sequence. The method has the characteristics of high performance, low power consumption, small size, safety, encryption and low price. The OV2640 camera and the SINDT tilt angle sensor can be controlled to synchronously acquire data. Of course, other types of controllers can be used to replace the ARM development board to realize the corresponding functions.
The communication module is required to have good compatibility, large communication data volume and high communication speed. In some embodiments, the communication module is a 4G communication module that can transmit data quickly. Of course, other types of communication modules may be employed.
The cloud server is required to be capable of being accessed quickly, convenient to store and high in safety and reliability. In some embodiments, the cloud server is an Tencent cloud server, can be accessed quickly, and is convenient to store, high in safety and reliability.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A building settlement monitoring method, comprising:
setting a monitoring point on each of a plurality of buildings, wherein the monitoring points are respectively marked as 1,2, …, N and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 3, and all the monitoring points are approximately positioned in the same horizontal plane;
emitting light spots from a monitoring point 1 to a monitoring point 2, emitting light spots from the monitoring point 2 to a monitoring point 3, and so on, emitting light spots from a monitoring point N to the monitoring point 1 to form a closed loop;
collecting a light spot image of each monitoring point;
data processing: comparing the acquired light spot image of each monitoring point with the reference image thereof, calculating the displacement of the light spot, and obtaining the settlement of the monitoring point from which the light spot comes relative to the monitoring point.
2. The building settlement monitoring method of claim 1, further comprising: selecting one monitoring point from all monitoring points as a reference monitoring point, calibrating the reference monitoring point, and determining the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point;
the data processing further comprises: and determining the settlement amount of other monitoring points according to the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point.
3. The building settlement monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein the light spots are laser light spots generated by spot lasers installed at respective monitoring points; mounting a target at each monitoring point, and irradiating laser spots on the targets; and a camera is arranged at each monitoring point and used for collecting laser spot images on the target.
4. The building settlement monitoring method of claim 2 or 3, further comprising: monitoring the inclination angle of each monitoring point; synchronously acquiring a laser spot image and an inclination angle at each monitoring point, sending acquired data and identity information of the monitoring points to a cloud server, and storing the data and the identity information into a database of the cloud server; and calibrating the reference monitoring point by using the total station, sending the settlement of the reference monitoring point to the cloud server, and storing the settlement into a database of the cloud server.
5. The building settlement monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein a user calls data in a database of cloud services through a PC and performs the data processing operation to obtain the settlement amount of each monitoring point.
6. The building settlement monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein the data obtained by the data processing operation is numbered and then stored in the database of the cloud server again; and displaying the settlement amount and the inclination angle of each monitoring point in real time through a visual interface.
7. The building settlement monitoring method of claim 6, wherein the PC starts an alarm system to give an alarm when the settlement amount or the inclination angle of the building exceeds a set threshold value.
8. A building settlement monitoring device is characterized by being used for being installed on a monitoring point of a building, wherein the monitoring point is arranged on the monitored building; the monitoring device comprises a light emitter, a light receiver, an image collector, a controller and a communication module; the light receiver is used for receiving a light source emitted by the outside and enabling the light source to form a light spot image; the image collector is used for collecting a light spot image formed on the light receiver; the controller is used for sending the data collected by the image collector and the identity information of the monitoring point out through the communication module.
9. A building settlement monitoring system is characterized by comprising a data processing system and N settlement monitoring devices arranged on monitoring points of N buildings, wherein the N settlement monitoring devices are respectively marked as 1,2, …, N is a natural number and is more than or equal to 3, and the buildings, the monitoring points and the settlement monitoring devices correspond to one another; the N monitoring points are approximately positioned in the same horizontal plane, and the N settlement monitoring devices are installed according to the same standard; each settlement monitoring device includes: the system comprises a light emitter, a light receiver, an image collector, a controller and a communication module; the light emitter of the settlement monitoring device 1 points to the light receiver of the settlement monitoring device 2, the light emitter of the settlement monitoring device 2 points to the light receiver of the settlement monitoring device 3, and so on, the light emitter of the settlement monitoring device N points to the light receiver of the settlement monitoring device 1 to form a closed loop; in each settlement monitoring device, an image collector is aligned with an optical receiver and used for collecting light spot images on the optical receiver, and a controller is used for sending the light spot images collected by the image collector and the identity information of corresponding monitoring points to a data processing system through a communication module; and the data processing system is used for comparing the acquired light spot image of each monitoring point with the reference image thereof, calculating the displacement of the light spot and obtaining the settlement of the monitoring point from which the light spot comes relative to the monitoring point.
10. The building settlement monitoring system of claim 9, further comprising a reference monitoring point calibration device for calibrating a reference monitoring point to determine a settlement amount of the reference monitoring point, the reference monitoring point being one monitoring point selected from the N monitoring points; the data processing system is also used for determining settlement amounts of other monitoring points according to the settlement amount of the reference monitoring point.
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| CN202011040862.9A CN112161603A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Building settlement monitoring method, monitoring device and monitoring system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117308808A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-29 | 深圳大学 | Deformation monitoring method and deformation monitoring system |
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