CN112160754B - Large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method - Google Patents
Large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112160754B CN112160754B CN202011058821.2A CN202011058821A CN112160754B CN 112160754 B CN112160754 B CN 112160754B CN 202011058821 A CN202011058821 A CN 202011058821A CN 112160754 B CN112160754 B CN 112160754B
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- conical cutter
- cutter head
- soil
- hole forming
- muck
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/08—Sinking shafts while moving the lining downwards
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
- E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/11—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with combinations of different materials, e.g. wood, metal, concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/12—Accessories for making shaft linings, e.g. suspended cradles, shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method, which comprises the following steps: a. transporting each accessory of an excavation device to the site, completing installation at a position to be excavated, starting a conical cutter disc to rotate, and excavating a stratum soil body from top to bottom; b. when the hole forming depth of the excavated stratum soil body reaches the height of a single retaining wall pipe piece, stopping downward excavation of the conical cutter head, hoisting the retaining wall pipe piece to a jack fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the shield shell, and adjusting the position of the retaining wall pipe piece by adjusting the jack; c. assembling the protecting wall segments to form a segment ring; d. pushing downwards by a jack, and continuously controlling the conical cutter to excavate downwards; e. and d, repeating the steps b to d, sequentially installing the pipe sheet rings from top to bottom until the construction reaches the designed depth, and finally disassembling and hoisting the excavation device to the ground. The invention has the advantages that: the construction efficiency is high, the disturbance to the stratum is small, and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pore-forming construction, in particular to a pore-forming construction method for a large-diameter pile or a vertical shaft.
Background
The major-diameter ultra-long slide-resistant pile is particularly important for the treatment process of large and complex adverse geological disaster bodies such as landslides and side slopes with deep sliding surfaces (the depth L is more than 30 m). In the construction process of the large-diameter overlong landslide-resistant pile, the hole forming difficulty is high, the volume of the earth and the stone needed to be dug is large, and the pile forming time of the single-hole pile is long. The existing hole forming method mainly adopts manual excavation and is matched with related auxiliary tools and methods, such as: the pneumatic pick and the shovel are used as main materials, and the blasting is used as an auxiliary material. The slag is lifted by a hoisting machine bucket. In the hole forming process, in order to prevent the collapse of the hole wall, the reinforced concrete retaining wall structure needs to be cast in place when each section is dug, and the next section can be constructed after a certain time of maintenance, so that the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the single-pile hole forming construction time is long. Because the adoption hoist engine bucket that slags tap promotes, have great safety risk to friction pile pore-forming constructor. When the anti-slide pile hole forming construction is carried out manually, when underground water exists in the construction range, manual precipitation is needed, and disturbance is formed on the surrounding stratum in the process. After the anti-slide pile is formed into a hole, pile body construction is not completed for a long time, the influence on the stratum is large, and even when a large amount of rainfall occurs in the period, the landslide has the risk of sliding. The construction of the ultra-long slide-resistant pile also has the factors of difficult air supply in a pile pit, difficult concrete pouring, great risk of muck unearthing, difficult control of pile body deformation and the like when the retaining wall is applied to the lower part.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a large-diameter slide-resistant pile hole-forming construction method which has high construction efficiency, high mechanization degree and small disturbance to the stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hole forming construction method for a large-diameter pile or a vertical shaft according to the defects of the prior art, which comprises the steps of excavating a stratum soil body from top to bottom through an excavating device, and installing a pipe sheet ring on the excavating device to finish hole forming construction.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. hoisting an excavating device to a position to be excavated, wherein the excavating device comprises a vertically arranged shield shell and a conical cutter head arranged at the lower end of the shield shell; opening the conical cutter disc to rotate, and excavating the stratum soil from top to bottom;
b. when the hole forming depth of the excavated stratum soil body reaches the height of a single retaining wall pipe piece, stopping downward excavation of the conical cutter head, hoisting the retaining wall pipe piece to a jack fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the shield shell, and adjusting the position of the retaining wall pipe piece by adjusting the jack;
c. after the positions of the retaining wall duct pieces are adjusted, assembling the retaining wall duct pieces to form duct piece rings, and fixing the duct piece rings;
d. the conical cutter head is continuously controlled to excavate downwards by pushing downwards through the jack;
e. and d, repeating the steps b to d, sequentially installing the pipe sheet rings from top to bottom until the construction reaches the designed depth, and finally disassembling and hoisting the excavation device to the ground.
A soil cabin top plate is arranged at the lower end of the shield shell, and the shield shell, the soil cabin top plate and the conical cutter head together enclose to form a soil cabin; a spiral conveyor is arranged in the center of the soil cabin top plate, and a spiral shaft of the spiral conveyor penetrates through the soil cabin from top to bottom and protrudes out of the lower end part of the conical cutter head; the soil cabin top plate is provided with a conical cutter driving device, and the conical cutter driving device is connected with the conical cutter through a connecting rod and drives the conical cutter to rotate.
The spiral conveyor comprises a spiral shaft cylinder, a spiral conveyor motor and a spiral shaft, wherein the spiral shaft cylinder penetrates through the center of the soil cabin top plate from top to bottom and extends into the soil cabin, a muck outlet is formed in the side part of the upper end of the spiral shaft cylinder, a muck inlet is formed by an opening in the lower end of the spiral shaft cylinder, the spiral shaft penetrates through the spiral shaft cylinder and extends out of an opening in the lower end of the conical cutter head, and the spiral conveyor motor drives the spiral shaft to rotate.
And a muck box is arranged below the muck outlet, and when the muck in the muck box is filled, the muck is lifted out through a vertical hoisting device.
The conical cutter head is formed by combining a plurality of cutter head monomers, and each cutter head monomer is connected with the conical cutter head driving device through the connecting rod.
And a residue soil stirring rod is arranged in the soil cabin and is connected with the connecting rod and rotates along with the connecting rod.
The taper angle of the taper cutter head is 60-90 degrees.
The shield shell inner wall evenly is equipped with a plurality of counter-force supporting seats along its girth direction, the jack is vertical install in on the counter-force supporting seat.
The invention has the advantages that: the construction efficiency is high, the mechanization degree is high, the disturbance to the stratum is small, and the reliability is high; the hole digging machine is suitable for digging soil from top to bottom, and is particularly suitable for digging soil when a large-diameter pile or a vertical shaft is formed with a hole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a construction state of a large-diameter pile or shaft boring construction method according to the present invention
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the large-diameter pile or shaft hole-forming construction method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
as shown in fig. 1-2, reference numerals 1-20 in the figures denote: the device comprises a shield shell 1, a conical cutter head 2, a soil cabin top plate 3, a screw conveyor motor 4, a screw shaft 5, a screw shaft cylinder 6, a conical cutter head motor 7, a connecting rod 8, a muck stirring rod 9, a muck outlet 10, a muck inlet 11, a first connecting piece 12, a second connecting piece 13, a third connecting piece 14, a connecting rod 15, a muck box 16, a retaining wall duct piece 17, a soil nail 18, a jack 19 and a counter-force supporting seat 20.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment relates to a large-diameter pile or shaft hole-forming construction method, which specifically includes the following steps:
a. assembling the excavating device, hoisting the excavating device to a position to be excavated, starting the conical cutter disc 2 to rotate, excavating the stratum soil from top to bottom, and conveying the cut muck into a muck box 16 through a screw conveyor;
b. when the hole forming depth of the excavated stratum soil body reaches the height of a single retaining wall pipe piece 17, stopping downward excavation of the conical cutter head 2, hoisting the retaining wall pipe piece 17 to a jack 19 fixedly arranged on a counter-force supporting seat 20, and adjusting the position of the retaining wall pipe piece 17 by adjusting the jack 19, wherein specifically, a plurality of counter-force supporting seats 20 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the shield shell 1 along the circumferential direction of the inner wall, and the counter-force supporting seats 20 are used for placing the jack 19;
c. after the position of the wall protecting duct piece 17 is adjusted, assembling the wall protecting duct piece 17 to form a duct piece ring, fixing the duct piece ring, specifically, driving soil nails 18 into a soil body through hoisting holes (anchoring holes) in the center of the wall protecting duct piece 17, enhancing the grinding resistance of the wall protecting duct piece 17 and the soil body, and preventing the assembled duct piece ring from moving up and down;
d. the conical cutter head 2 is continuously controlled to excavate downwards by pushing downwards through the jack 19;
e. and d, repeating the steps b to d, sequentially installing the pipe sheet rings from top to bottom until the construction reaches the designed depth, and finally disassembling and hoisting the excavation device to the ground.
As shown in fig. 2, the excavating device mainly comprises a shield shell 1, a conical cutter head 2 and a soil cabin top plate 3 which are vertically arranged, wherein the conical cutter head 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the shield shell 1, the soil cabin top plate 3 is arranged at the lower end of the shield shell 1, and the soil cabin top plate 3 plays a role in sealing and bearing and is used for bearing each installation part and can prevent soil from entering the shield shell 1 to protect each installation part. The shield shell 1, the conical cutter head 2 and the soil cabin top plate 3 jointly enclose to form a soil cabin, and the soil cabin is used for storing and containing soil bodies. A gap is reserved between the top end of the conical cutter head 2 and the bottom end of the shield shell 1, and the cut soil body can enter the soil cabin through the gap. And a plurality of conical cutter driving devices are arranged on the soil cabin top plate 3, and the conical cutter driving devices drive the conical cutter 2 to rotate through a connecting rod 8. According to the stratum condition, cutters such as a hob and a scraper can be installed on the conical cutter head 2 and are used for cutting soil. And a spiral conveyor is arranged at the center of the top plate 3 of the soil cabin and is used for conveying soil. In addition, the conical cutter head 2 is adopted, so that the soil cabin is funnel-shaped, cut soil bodies fall to the center of the soil cabin, and the spiral conveyor is also located at the center of the soil cabin, so that the conveying efficiency of the spiral conveyor can be effectively improved.
In this embodiment, the power for the advancing of the excavating device (from top to bottom) mainly depends on the pushing device (such as a jack) pushing downwards, and certainly, the gravity of the excavating device can also play a role in pushing to a certain extent.
As shown in fig. 2, the screw conveyor includes a screw conveyor motor 4, a screw shaft 5 and a screw shaft cylinder 6, the screw conveyor motor 4 is connected with the screw shaft 5, and the screw conveyor motor 4 can drive the screw shaft 5 to rotate. Specifically, the screw shaft cylinder 6 penetrates through the center of the soil cabin top plate 3 from top to bottom and extends into the soil cabin, the side part of the upper end of the screw shaft cylinder 6 is provided with a muck outlet 10, the lower end of the screw shaft cylinder is provided with an opening to form a muck inlet 11, and a muck box 16 is arranged below the muck outlet 10 and used for collecting muck. The screw shaft 5 penetrates through the screw shaft cylinder 6 and extends out of the lower end opening of the conical cutter head, in the embodiment, the distance from the lower end of the screw shaft 5 to the lower end opening of the conical cutter head 2 is 0.4-1m, and the lower end of the screw shaft 5 extends out of the lower end opening of the conical cutter head 2, so that soil at the center of the conical cutter head 2 can be effectively cut. When soil enters the soil cabin, the screw conveyor motor 4 drives the screw shaft 5 to rotate, when the screw shaft 5 rotates, the soil in the soil cabin is sent in from the muck inlet 11 and sent out from the muck outlet 10, finally falls into the muck box 16, and when the muck in the muck box 16 is filled, the soil is lifted out through the vertical hoisting device.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving device for the conical cutter head comprises a motor 7 for the conical cutter head and a connecting rod 8, the motor 7 for the conical cutter head drives the connecting rod 8 to rotate, and then the conical cutter head 2 is driven to rotate, and the conical cutter head 2 rotates by taking the center of the top plate 3 of the soil bin as a rotating shaft. Specifically, one end of the connecting rod 8 facing the screw shaft cylinder 6 is provided with a connecting rod 15, the connecting rod 15 is vertically arranged on the connecting rod 8, the connecting rod 15 is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged muck stirring rods 9, the upper ends of the muck stirring rods 9 are flat, and the lengths of the lower ends of the muck stirring rods (along the direction facing the screw shaft cylinder 6) are gradually increased. The design of the residue soil stirring rod 9 can stir up the soil body in the soil cabin, so that the residue soil can be conveyed by the screw conveyor conveniently. In addition, in this embodiment, the number of the earth slag stirring rods 9 is 2, and the number of the earth slag stirring rods 9 can be appropriately increased or decreased according to actual conditions.
As shown in fig. 2, the conical cutter 2 is formed by combining a plurality of cutter units, and each cutter unit is connected to a conical cutter driving device through a connecting rod 8. In the embodiment, the taper angle of the cutter head monomer is in the range of 60-90 degrees, and the number of the cutter head monomers is 4-8.
As shown in fig. 2, the screw conveyor and the conical cutter driving device are respectively connected to the soil cabin roof 3 through a first connecting piece 12 and a second connecting piece 13, the soil cabin roof 3 is connected with the shield shell 1 through a third connecting piece 14, and the first connecting piece 12, the second connecting piece 13 and the third connecting piece 14 are all detachable components, so that the detachable installation of the excavation device is realized.
In summary, the construction method has small disturbance to the stratum, and is suitable for excavating the soil body from top to bottom, in particular to the soil body excavation when a large-diameter pile or a vertical shaft is formed with a hole.
Although the conception and the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims, and therefore, they are not to be considered repeated herein.
Claims (6)
1. A large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. hoisting an excavation device to a position to be excavated, wherein the excavation device comprises a vertically arranged shield shell and a conical cutter head arranged at the lower end of the shield shell; opening the conical cutter disc to rotate, and excavating the stratum soil body from top to bottom;
b. when the hole forming depth of the excavated stratum soil body reaches the height of a single retaining wall pipe piece, stopping downward excavation of the conical cutter head, hoisting the retaining wall pipe piece to a jack fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the shield shell, and adjusting the position of the retaining wall pipe piece by adjusting the jack;
c. after the position of the wall protecting duct piece is adjusted, assembling the wall protecting duct piece to form a duct piece ring, and fixing the duct piece ring;
d. the jack pushes downwards, and the conical cutter head is continuously controlled to excavate downwards;
e. repeating the steps b to d, sequentially installing the pipe sheet rings from top to bottom until the construction reaches the designed depth, and finally disassembling and hoisting the excavation device to the ground;
a soil cabin top plate is arranged at the lower end of the shield shell, and the shield shell, the soil cabin top plate and the conical cutter head jointly enclose to form a soil cabin; a spiral conveyor is arranged in the center of the soil cabin top plate, and a spiral shaft of the spiral conveyor penetrates through the soil cabin from top to bottom and protrudes out of the lower end part of the conical cutter head; the soil cabin top plate is provided with a conical cutter driving device, and the conical cutter driving device is connected with the conical cutter through a connecting rod and drives the conical cutter to rotate.
2. The large-diameter pile or shaft hole forming construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spiral conveyor comprises a spiral shaft cylinder, a spiral conveyor motor and a spiral shaft, wherein the spiral shaft cylinder penetrates through the center of the soil cabin top plate from top to bottom and extends into the soil cabin, a muck outlet is formed in the side part of the upper end of the spiral shaft cylinder, a muck inlet is formed by an opening in the lower end of the spiral shaft cylinder, the spiral shaft penetrates through the spiral shaft cylinder and extends out of an opening in the lower end of the conical cutter head, and the spiral conveyor motor drives the spiral shaft to rotate.
3. The large-diameter pile or shaft boring construction method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a muck box is arranged below the muck outlet, and when the muck in the muck box is filled, the muck is lifted out through a vertical hoisting device.
4. The large-diameter pile or shaft hole forming construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conical cutter head is formed by combining a plurality of cutter head monomers, and each cutter head monomer is connected with the conical cutter head driving device through the connecting rod.
5. The large-diameter pile or shaft hole forming construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a residue soil stirring rod is arranged in the soil cabin and is connected with the connecting rod and rotates along with the connecting rod.
6. The large-diameter pile or shaft hole forming construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the taper angle of the taper cutter head is 60-90 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011058821.2A CN112160754B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011058821.2A CN112160754B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112160754A CN112160754A (en) | 2021-01-01 |
| CN112160754B true CN112160754B (en) | 2022-12-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011058821.2A Active CN112160754B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Large-diameter pile or vertical shaft hole forming construction method |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103452559B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-03-09 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Vertical shaft shield machine |
| CN106761763B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-12-28 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of shaft excavation machine and its construction method |
| CN109763827B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-12-10 | 中山大学 | Shaft shield construction method and shaft shield machine |
| CN110306985B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-03-02 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Heading machine and vertical shaft cutter head thereof |
| CN110805444B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-21 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Shaft cutter head system and shaft heading machine with same |
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2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011058821.2A patent/CN112160754B/en active Active
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