CN112157768B - Mildew-proof method for wood, mildew-proof wood and application thereof - Google Patents

Mildew-proof method for wood, mildew-proof wood and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112157768B
CN112157768B CN202011046597.5A CN202011046597A CN112157768B CN 112157768 B CN112157768 B CN 112157768B CN 202011046597 A CN202011046597 A CN 202011046597A CN 112157768 B CN112157768 B CN 112157768B
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wood
temperature
mildew
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temperature treatment
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CN112157768A (en
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潘炘
庄晓伟
于海霞
冯永顺
张文福
王进
蒋应梯
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Zhejiang Academy of Forestry
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0005—Cryogenic treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mildew-proof wood, and particularly relates to a mildew-proof method of wood, the mildew-proof wood and application thereof. The wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: carrying out low-temperature treatment on the wood to obtain low-temperature treated wood; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-30 to-70 ℃; performing medium temperature treatment on the low-temperature treated wood to obtain secondary treated wood; circulating the low-temperature treatment and the medium-temperature treatment at least twice to obtain the mildewproof wood; the cycle begins with a cryogenic process. The invention destroys the cell wall and cell membrane of the wood by low temperature treatment, and makes the nutrient substance in the cell leak; through multiple low-temperature and medium-temperature alternate treatments, the nutrient source required by the growth of bacteria is eliminated, and the mildew-proof capability of the wood is improved. The wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention reserves the original color and luster of the log for a pure physical process, and has better environmental protection performance in structure.

Description

Mildew-proof method for wood, mildew-proof wood and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mildew-proof wood, and particularly relates to a mildew-proof method of wood, the mildew-proof wood and application thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, people pay more and more attention to environmental protection and health, and tend to be close to nature, so no matter be household articles or toys, people tend to be wood material more and more. However, the wood is easy to mildew and discolor after being wetted (absorbing moisture in the air), and the use experience of the product is seriously influenced.
The existing wood mildew prevention mainly depends on a coating to form a sealing layer on the surface of the wood so as to block the contact of external oxygen, water and bacteria with the wood and avoid mildew. In order to better retain the color and pattern of the wood, higher requirements are put on the mildew resistance of the wood. In order to meet this requirement, the following three types of mildew-proof treatment methods have appeared: one is a chemical method, which mainly adopts an antibacterial agent to carry out mildew-proof treatment on wood, but most of the antibacterial agent is a chemical reagent, and the application of the chemical reagent has hidden danger on the safety of a human body; the other is a physical method, which mainly adopts modes of radiation, smoking and the like to carry out mildew-proof treatment, but products which are exposed to radiation and smoking for a long time also have hidden danger to the safety of human bodies; the third kind is wood modification method, which mainly comprises the steps of permeating resin into wood to polymerize, thus protecting wood from mildew, but the treatment method has complex steps and higher cost. The existing mildew-proof treatment method has certain mildew-proof performance but does not accord with the consumption concept of environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for preventing mildew of wood, which adopts a mode of combining low-temperature treatment and medium-temperature treatment to perform mildew-proof treatment on wood, is a pure physical process, and keeps the color and luster of the log, and the structure of the log has better environmental protection property; the wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention is simple in steps and easy to operate.
The invention provides a mildew-proof method for wood, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out low-temperature treatment on the wood to obtain low-temperature treated wood; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-30 to-70 ℃;
performing medium temperature treatment on the low-temperature treated wood to obtain secondary treated wood;
circulating the low-temperature treatment and the medium-temperature treatment at least twice to obtain the mildewproof wood;
the cycle begins with a cryogenic process.
Preferably, the time of the low-temperature treatment is 20-25 min.
Preferably, the cryogenic treatment is carried out in a cryogenic medium comprising liquid nitrogen or ethanol.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the wood to the low-temperature medium is 1:8 to 12.
Preferably, the medium-temperature treatment comprises: performing first medium temperature treatment on the wood subjected to low-temperature treatment, and performing second medium temperature treatment after heating;
the temperature of the first intermediate temperature treatment is 60-70 ℃, and the time is 110-130 min;
the temperature of the second intermediate temperature treatment is 90-95 ℃, and the time is 20-40 min.
Preferably, the low-temperature treatment further comprises the step of returning the wood subjected to the low-temperature treatment to the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 20-40 min.
Preferably, the wood material comprises rubber wood, pine wood or maple wood.
Preferably, the water content of the wood is 10-20%.
The invention also provides the mildew-proof wood obtained by the mildew-proof treatment method in the technical scheme.
The invention also provides application of the mildew-proof wood in the technical scheme in mildew-proof wood products.
The invention provides a wood mildew-proof method, which comprises the following steps: carrying out low-temperature treatment on the wood to obtain low-temperature treated wood; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-30 to-70 ℃; performing medium temperature treatment on the low-temperature treated wood to obtain secondary treated wood; circulating the low-temperature treatment and the medium-temperature treatment at least twice to obtain the mildewproof wood; the cycle begins with a cryogenic process. The invention destroys the cell wall and cell membrane in the wood by low temperature treatment at-30-70 ℃ to make the nutrient substance in the cell leak; the leaked intracellular nutrient substances are subjected to low-temperature and medium-temperature alternate treatment for many times to generate intermolecular dehydration polymerization or micro carbonization, so that a nutrient source required by bacterial growth is eliminated, and the mildew-proof capability of the wood is effectively improved. The wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention is a pure physical process, and the original color and luster of the log are kept, and the structure of the log has better environmental protection; the wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention is simple in steps and easy to operate.
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FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the mold-proof effect of the mold-proof rubber wood prepared in example 1 and that of a blank treated rubber wood inoculated with Aspergillus niger, wherein a is the mold-proof effect of the mold-proof rubber wood prepared in example 1 inoculated with Aspergillus niger for 4 weeks, and b is the mold-proof effect of the blank treated rubber wood inoculated with Aspergillus niger for 4 weeks;
fig. 2 is a graph comparing the mildew-proof effect of the mildew-proof maple wood prepared in example 3 and the mildew-proof effect of the maple wood inoculated with the cacao conidiophora theobroma subjected to blank treatment, wherein c is the mildew-proof effect of the mildew-proof maple wood prepared in example 3 after the maple wood inoculated with the cacao conidiophora theobroma for 4 weeks, and d is the mildew-proof effect of the maple wood subjected to blank treatment after the maple wood inoculated with the cacao conidiophora for 4 weeks.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a wood mildew-proof method, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out low-temperature treatment on the wood to obtain low-temperature treated wood; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-30 to-70 ℃;
performing medium temperature treatment on the low-temperature treated wood to obtain secondary treated wood;
circulating the low-temperature treatment and the medium-temperature treatment at least twice to obtain the mildewproof wood;
the cycle begins with a cryogenic process.
The invention carries out low-temperature treatment on the wood to obtain the low-temperature treated wood. In the present invention, the wood material preferably includes rubber wood, pine wood or maple wood, more preferably rubber wood or maple wood, and the moisture content of the wood is preferably 10 to 20%, more preferably 13 to 15%. In the invention, the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-30 to-70 ℃, and preferably-40 to-60 ℃; the time of the low-temperature treatment is preferably 20-25 min. In the present invention, the low temperature treatment is preferably to soak the wood in a low temperature medium, and in order to completely immerse the wood in the low temperature medium, the present invention preferably limits the wood in the low temperature medium by using a heavy object, and an embodiment of the present invention is to pack the wood in a metal mesh cage, and then soak the metal mesh cage filled with the wood in the low temperature medium. In the present invention, the low temperature medium preferably includes liquid nitrogen or ethanol. In the present invention, when the low-temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is preferably-40 to-70 ℃, more preferably-60 to-65 ℃; when the low-temperature medium is ethanol, the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is preferably-30 to-45 ℃, and more preferably-35 to-40 ℃. In the invention, the volume ratio of the wood to the low-temperature medium is preferably 1: 8-12, and more preferably 1: 9-10.
In the present invention, the low-temperature treatment preferably further comprises subjecting the low-temperature treated wood to a temperature return to obtain a low-temperature treated wood. In the invention, the temperature of the tempering is preferably 20-30 ℃, and more preferably 25-28 ℃; the time of the temperature return is preferably 20-40 min, and more preferably 25-30 min. In the invention, the temperature return plays a role in conditioning the wood so as to release various stresses in the wood.
After the low-temperature treated wood is obtained, the invention carries out medium-temperature treatment on the low-temperature treated wood to obtain secondary treated wood. In the invention, the medium-temperature treatment is preferably to perform first medium-temperature treatment on the wood subjected to low-temperature treatment, and perform second medium-temperature treatment after heating; the temperature of the first medium temperature treatment is preferably 60-70 ℃, more preferably 65-67 ℃, and the time of the first medium temperature treatment is preferably 110-130 min, more preferably 120-125 min; the temperature of the second medium temperature treatment is preferably 90-95 ℃, and the time of the second medium temperature treatment is preferably 20-40 min, and more preferably 30-35 min.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the heating is performed to raise the temperature to the temperature of the second medium-temperature treatment after the first medium-temperature treatment is completed, in addition to the temperature of the first medium-temperature treatment. In the invention, the independent heating rates of the first medium-temperature treatment and the second medium-temperature treatment are preferably 60-75 ℃/min, and more preferably 65-70 ℃/min.
In the present invention, the apparatus for the first medium-temperature treatment and the second medium-temperature treatment is not particularly limited as long as the desired temperature can be achieved. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first medium-temperature treatment and the second medium-temperature treatment are independently performed in a hot air drying oven.
And after the secondary treated wood is obtained, circulating the low-temperature treatment and the medium-temperature treatment at least twice to obtain the mildewproof wood. In the present invention, the number of the cycles is preferably 2 to 3.
The invention destroys the cell wall and cell membrane in the wood by low temperature treatment, and makes the nutrient substance in the cell leak; the leaked intracellular nutrient substances are subjected to low-temperature and medium-temperature alternate treatment for many times to generate intermolecular dehydration polymerization or micro carbonization, so that a nutrient source required by bacterial growth is eliminated, and the mildew-proof capability of the wood is effectively improved.
The invention can release the cohesion and stress in the wood to a certain extent through one-time low-temperature treatment and medium-temperature treatment, and the low-temperature and medium-temperature treatment is circularly carried out, so that most of the cohesion and stress in the wood are released, and the dimensional stability of the wood is improved.
The wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention reserves the original color and luster of the log for a pure physical process, and has better environmental protection performance in structure; the wood mildew-proof method provided by the invention is simple in steps and easy to operate.
The invention also provides the mildew-proof wood obtained by the mildew-proof method. The mildew-proof wood provided by the invention has 100% prevention and control effect on mildew and discoloring bacteria, and has better dimensional stability and is not easy to deform.
The invention also provides application of the mildew-proof wood in mildew-proof wood products. In the present invention, the moldproof wooden product includes a building block. The building blocks prepared by the mildew-proof wood provided by the invention are environment-friendly and do not have harmful influence on the bodies of children.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
200g of the powder is mixed with a volume of about 300cm3Placing the left and right rubber wood into a metal net cage, soaking the metal net cage filled with the rubber wood in 3L liquid nitrogen with the temperature of-65 ℃, taking out the rubber wood after soaking for 25min, placing at 25 ℃ for 30min, and heating to obtain low-temperature treated rubber wood;
placing the low-temperature treated rubber wood in a hot air drying box, heating to 65 ℃ according to the heating rate of 65 ℃/min, carrying out first medium-temperature treatment for 120min, heating to 90 ℃ according to the heating rate of 65 ℃/min, and carrying out second medium-temperature treatment for 30min to obtain secondary treated rubber wood;
and circulating the low-temperature treatment, the temperature return and the medium-temperature treatment twice to obtain the mildew-proof rubber wood.
Example 2
400g of the powder is mixed with a volume of about 600cm3Placing the left and right rubber wood into a metal net cage, soaking the metal net cage filled with the rubber wood in 5.5L ethanol with the temperature of-40 deg.C for 25min, taking out the rubber wood, placing at 25 deg.C for 30min, and heating to obtain low-temperature treated rubber wood;
placing the low-temperature treated rubber wood in a hot air drying box, heating to 65 ℃ according to the heating rate of 60 ℃/min, carrying out first medium-temperature treatment for 120min, heating to 90 ℃ according to the heating rate of 70 ℃/min, and carrying out second medium-temperature treatment for 30min to obtain secondary treated rubber wood;
and circulating the low-temperature treatment, the temperature return and the medium-temperature treatment twice to obtain the mildew-proof rubber wood.
Example 3
500g of the solution is mixed with a volume of about 750cm3Placing left and right maples into a metal net cage, soaking the metal net cage with maples in 7L liquid nitrogen at-65 deg.C for 25min, taking out the maples, standing at 25 deg.C for 30min, and cooling to obtain low-temperature processed maples;
placing the low-temperature-treated maple in a hot air drying box, heating to 65 ℃ according to the heating rate of 70 ℃/min, carrying out first medium-temperature treatment for 130min, heating to 95 ℃ according to the heating rate of 70 ℃/min, and carrying out second medium-temperature treatment for 30min to obtain second-grade-treated maple;
and circulating the low-temperature treatment, the temperature return and the medium-temperature treatment twice to obtain the mildew-proof maple.
Comparative example
Rubber wood and maple wood were blanked as a blank control.
The mildew-proof performance of the mildew-proof wood prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the rubber wood and maple wood of the blank control is detected according to GB/T18261-2000 test method for preventing and controlling wood mildew and blue-turning bacteria by using mildew-proof agents, wherein the test bacteria are Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Penicillium citrinum (Penicillium citrinum), Aspergillus viridans (Trichoderma viride) and Coccomydia theobroma (Botrydiplodia theobroma). Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Penicillium citrinum (Penicillium citrinum), Rhizomucor viridae (Trichoderma viride) and Coccodiopsis theobroma (Botryodipida) were provided by the institute for Wood industry, Inc. of forestry, China. (the Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma viride and Coccomys cacao are registered in Beijing China general strain storage center, and purchased.)
After 4 weeks of inoculation of the test piece, the results are observed, and the mildewproof effect after inoculation is shown in the graph of fig. 1 and fig. 2. FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the mold-proof effect of the mold-proof rubber wood prepared in example 1 and that of a blank treated rubber wood inoculated with Aspergillus niger, wherein a is the mold-proof effect of the mold-proof rubber wood prepared in example 1 inoculated with Aspergillus niger for 4 weeks, and b is the mold-proof effect of the blank treated rubber wood inoculated with Aspergillus niger for 4 weeks; fig. 2 is a graph comparing the mildew-proof effect of the mildew-proof maple wood prepared in example 3 and the mildew-proof effect of the maple wood inoculated with the cacao conidiophora theobroma subjected to blank treatment, wherein c is the mildew-proof effect of the mildew-proof maple wood prepared in example 3 after the maple wood inoculated with the cacao conidiophora theobroma for 4 weeks, and d is the mildew-proof effect of the maple wood subjected to blank treatment after the maple wood inoculated with the cacao conidiophora for 4 weeks.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner and outer color of the surface of the mildew-proof wood prepared by the method is the natural color of the sample log, but a large amount of hyphae are grown on the surfaces of blank treated rubber wood and maple wood, and the wood color is obviously changed. The damage value of the mildew-proof wood prepared by the method is proved to be 0; the prevention and control efficiency on the mould and the discoloring bacteria reaches 100 percent, and the mildew-proof and discoloration-preventing performance is excellent.
The dimensional stability of the moldproof wood prepared in examples 1 to 3 and the blank control wood (untreated wood) was tested according to GB/T1934.2-2009 "test method for physical and mechanical properties of wood", and the results are listed in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison table of dimensional stability tests of moldproof wood and untreated wood prepared in examples 1-3
Figure BDA0002708204180000061
Figure BDA0002708204180000071
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the mildewproof wood prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention has higher dimensional stability than the wood of the blank control.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method of mildew proofing wood comprising the steps of:
carrying out low-temperature treatment on the wood to obtain low-temperature treated wood; the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is-30 to-70 ℃;
performing medium temperature treatment on the low-temperature treated wood to obtain secondary treated wood; the medium-temperature treatment comprises the following steps: performing first medium temperature treatment on the wood subjected to low-temperature treatment, and performing second medium temperature treatment after heating; the temperature of the first intermediate temperature treatment is 60-70 ℃, and the time is 110-130 min; the temperature of the second intermediate temperature treatment is 90-95 ℃, and the time is 20-40 min;
circulating the low-temperature treatment and the medium-temperature treatment at least twice to obtain the mildewproof wood;
the cycle begins with a cryogenic process.
2. The method for preventing mildew of wood according to claim 1, wherein the time of the low-temperature treatment is 20-25 min.
3. A method of mildew proofing wood according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said cryogenic treatment is performed in a cryogenic medium comprising liquid nitrogen or ethanol.
4. The method for preventing mildew on wood according to claim 3, wherein the volume ratio of wood and low-temperature medium is 1:8 to 12.
5. The method for preventing the mildew of the wood according to claim 1, wherein the wood after the low-temperature treatment is subjected to temperature return, and the temperature return is 20-30 ℃ for 20-40 min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the wood is selected from the group consisting of rubber wood, pine wood, and maple wood.
7. The method for preventing mildew on wood according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the moisture content of the wood is 10-20%.
8. A mildewproof wood obtained by the mildewproof treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the moldproof wood of claim 8 in moldproof wood-based products.
CN202011046597.5A 2020-09-29 2020-09-29 Mildew-proof method for wood, mildew-proof wood and application thereof Active CN112157768B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2740859B2 (en) * 1989-07-01 1998-04-15 段谷産業株式会社 How to store wood veneer
CN104400856A (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-11 福建农林大学 Method for processing bamboos through circularly freezing and thawing, product and application
CN107030828A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-08-11 福建农林大学 A kind of freeze thawing mildew-proof treatment method of bamboo wood

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT516456B1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-11-15 Springer Maschf Ag Holzauftauanlage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2740859B2 (en) * 1989-07-01 1998-04-15 段谷産業株式会社 How to store wood veneer
CN104400856A (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-11 福建农林大学 Method for processing bamboos through circularly freezing and thawing, product and application
CN107030828A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-08-11 福建农林大学 A kind of freeze thawing mildew-proof treatment method of bamboo wood

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