CN112157763A - Natural wood compacting and strengthening method - Google Patents
Natural wood compacting and strengthening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112157763A CN112157763A CN202011064956.XA CN202011064956A CN112157763A CN 112157763 A CN112157763 A CN 112157763A CN 202011064956 A CN202011064956 A CN 202011064956A CN 112157763 A CN112157763 A CN 112157763A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/02—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a natural wood compacting and strengthening method, which belongs to the technical field of compressed wood processing and comprises the following steps: soaking the wood in water, and then heating until the water is boiled; taking out the wood, immersing the wood in oil, carrying out hot pressing treatment, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain compressed wood; the hot pressing conditions are as follows: the hot pressing temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 5-40 MPa; the compressed wood product prepared by the method has no pollution to the environment, is green and environment-friendly, and the prepared wood does not contain any harmful component; the compression process is in an oil bath environment, so that the wood is uniformly heated and is stably compressed; the tensile strength of the prepared compressed wood product is more than or equal to 140MPa, and the density is more than or equal to 1.0g/cm3And the performance is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compressed wood processing, and particularly relates to a natural wood compacting and strengthening method.
Background
The compressed wood is a strengthened material which is formed by hot-pressing wood and has hard texture, high density and high strength. After the wood is compressed and compacted, the tissue structure and the physical and mechanical properties of the wood are greatly changed, namely, the mechanical strength is enhanced, the deformation is reduced, and the wear resistance and the durability are improved, so that the performance of the wood is effectively improved, and the utilization value of the wood is improved. The wood is a porous biological material, the cell wall of the wood is circular, the wood is connected end to form a thin tube shape, and the thin tube is in an axial direction to adapt to the length of a trunk. Before the compression of wood, it must be softened by a pretreatment to avoid the destruction of the cell walls of the wood during the compression process. When a sample of pretreated wood is heated to a certain temperature, it becomes soft and can be bent, and according to this characteristic, different pretreatment and different compression processes are carried out on the wood to obtain compressed wood with different properties. According to different pretreatment processes such as hydrothermal treatment, drug treatment, metallization treatment, resin impregnation treatment, microwave heating treatment and the like, the wood is subjected to different pretreatment processes before compression, and compressed wood species such as common compressed wood, drug compressed wood, metallized compressed wood, surface compacted wood, compressed and shaped wood and the like corresponding to the wood are generated.
However, when the existing method heats the wood, the situation that the wood is heated unevenly often occurs; when pressure is applied, the compressive strength of the wood is poor due to unidirectional or bidirectional pressure. Meanwhile, when the wood is pretreated by chemical drugs at present, the wood is usually subjected to pretreatment for a long time due to large thickness, and the process is complex. Therefore, the development of more advanced, reliable and simple compressed wood preparation methods is one of the research directions which are widely concerned at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a natural wood compaction and strengthening method, which does not use any chemical treatment agent and ensures that the wood is heated uniformly and compressed stably in an oil bath environment in the compression process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a natural wood densification strengthening method comprises the following steps:
soaking the wood in water, and then heating until the water is boiled; taking out the wood, immersing the wood into nonvolatile oil, carrying out hot pressing treatment, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain compressed wood;
the hot pressing conditions are as follows: the hot pressing temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 5-40 MPa.
Preferably, the wood is soaked in the treating agent for 12-24 hours and then heated.
Preferably, the heating time is 2-4 h.
Preferably, the hot-pressing treatment time is 2-12 h.
Preferably, the drying conditions are natural drying in a ventilated environment.
Preferably, the oil is a vegetable oil.
Preferably, the wood is tung, pine or poplar.
Preferably, the density of the compressed wood is 1.0-1.3 g/cm3The surface hardness is 580 to 690BHN, and the tensile strength is 140 to 190 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the compressed wood prepared by the existing method has certain environmental pollution because certain alkali liquor, formaldehyde and other chemical reagents are added in the preparation process and are not removed in the subsequent steps; the method directly immerses the wood into water during preparation of the compressed wood without other chemical reagents, so compared with the prior art, the method is safer and more environment-friendly;
(2) one type of the existing methods is that when wood is heated, wet wood is directly subjected to high-temperature steam heating treatment, and then is compressed by a constant-temperature high-temperature hot plate, water on the surface of the wood is evaporated in the whole process, the surface wood is easy to damage, and the condition that the whole wood is heated unevenly occurs, so that the wood tissue is uneven from the surface to the core part; the other type is to compress the wood in high-temperature steam, the method ensures the uniformity of the material heating and reduces the damage to the surface wood, but the pressure applying mode is complex and the realization difficulty is high; the wood after being treated is placed in an oil bath, the oil is not easy to volatilize, the whole wood is uniformly heated and has stable whole structure in the compression process, the operation is simpler and safer, and the stability in the compression process is improved;
(3) the compressed wood product prepared by the method has no pollution to the environment, is green and environment-friendly, and the prepared wood does not contain any harmful component; the density of the prepared compressed wood product is 1.0-1.3 g/cm3The surface hardness is 580-690 BHN, the tensile strength is 140-190 MPa, and the performance is excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a stress-strain curve of a compressed wood engineering prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of a compressed wood under a confocal laser microscope according to example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison of the compressed wood obtained in example 2 of the present invention before and after compression.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments are not meant to limit the present invention.
The following experimental methods and detection methods, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods; the following reagents and starting materials are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The invention provides a natural wood compacting and strengthening method, which comprises the following steps:
soaking the wood in water, and then heating until the water is boiled; taking out the wood, immersing the wood into nonvolatile oil, carrying out hot pressing treatment, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain compressed wood;
the hot pressing conditions are as follows: the hot pressing temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 20-40 MPa.
The above process is specifically illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of compressed wood, which comprises the following steps: sawing pine wood into a plate with a certain specification according to production requirements, and placing the plate into a container; placing a wood treating agent into a container to be soaked for 12 hours, wherein the component of the wood treating agent is pure water; continuously heating the container until the wood treating agent is boiled for 4 hours; taking out the wood obtained by boiling the wood treating agent, putting the wood into a mould, putting the mould into an oil bath pool, and carrying out hot pressing, wherein the oil bath temperature is 120 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 8 hours, and the oil used for oil bath is vegetable oil; cutting off an oil bath heating switch, unloading after the oil bath is cooled to room temperature, taking out the mold, and taking out the compressed wood; and placing the prepared compressed wood in a ventilated place, and naturally drying.
The detection shows that the density of the compressed wood is 1.2g/cm3Surface hardness 660BHN, tensile strength 180 MPa.
Example 2
Sawing pine wood into a plate with a certain specification according to production requirements, and placing the plate into a container; placing a wood treating agent into a container to be soaked for 12 hours, wherein the component of the wood treating agent is pure water; continuously heating the container until the wood treating agent is boiled for 2 hours; taking out the wood obtained by boiling the wood treating agent, putting the wood into a mould, putting the mould into an oil bath pool, and carrying out hot pressing, wherein the oil bath temperature is 120 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 10MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 4 hours, and the oil used for oil bath is vegetable oil; cutting off an oil bath heating switch, unloading after the oil bath is cooled to room temperature, taking out the mold, and taking out the compressed wood; and placing the prepared compressed wood in a ventilated place, and naturally drying.
The detection shows that the density of the compressed wood is 1.0g/cm3Surface hardness 580BHN, tensile strength 140 MPa.
Example 3
Sawing pine wood into a plate with a certain specification according to production requirements, and placing the plate into a container; placing a wood treating agent into a container to be soaked for 12 hours, wherein the component of the wood treating agent is pure water; continuously heating the container until the wood treating agent is boiled for 4 hours; taking out the wood obtained by boiling the wood treating agent, putting the wood into a mould, putting the mould into an oil bath pool, and carrying out hot pressing, wherein the oil bath temperature is 120 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 40MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 8 hours, and the oil used for the oil bath is vegetable oil; cutting off an oil bath heating switch, unloading after the oil bath is cooled to room temperature, taking out the mold, and taking out the compressed wood; and placing the prepared compressed wood in a ventilated place, and naturally drying.
The detection shows that the density of the compressed wood is 1.3g/cm3Surface hardness 690BHN, tensile strength 190 MPa.
FIG. 1 is a stress-strain curve of the compressed wood obtained in examples 1 to 3, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the tensile strength of the compressed wood obtained in the present invention is 140 to 190 MPa.
Fig. 2 shows the microstructure of the compressed wood of example 2 under the confocal laser microscope, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the compressed wood is substantially the original round cell wall compressed into a flat lamellar structure, so that the wood is more compact, the density is increased, and the hardness and tensile strength are also improved.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the compressed wood obtained in example 2 before and after compression, and from FIG. 3, the compressed wood obtained by the present invention had a thickness of about 56% of the original thickness of the wood, a thickness of 4.8cm before compression, and a thickness of 2.7cm after compression.
In conclusion, the wood is directly immersed in the water when the compressed wood is prepared, and other chemical reagents are not needed, so that the method is safer and more environment-friendly compared with the prior art; the treated wood is placed in an oil bath, the oil is not easy to volatilize, the whole wood is uniformly heated in the compression process, the pressure condition is stable, the operation is simpler and safer, and the stability of the compression process is improved; the compressed wood product prepared by the method has no pollution to the environment, is green and environment-friendly, and the prepared wood does not contain any harmful component; the tensile strength of the prepared compressed wood product is more than or equal to 140MPa (the tensile strength of the natural wood is within 100 MPa), and the density is more than or equal to 1.0g/cm3(the density of the natural lumber is 0.3-0.7g/m3) And the performance is excellent.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that such changes and modifications be included within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A natural wood compaction and strengthening method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
soaking the wood in water, and then heating until the water is boiled; taking out the wood, immersing the wood into nonvolatile oil, carrying out hot pressing treatment, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain compressed wood;
the conditions of the hot pressing treatment are as follows: the hot pressing temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 5-40 MPa.
2. The method for densifying and strengthening natural wood according to claim 1, wherein the wood is heated after being soaked in water for 12-24 hours.
3. The method for densifying and strengthening natural wood according to claim 1, wherein the heating time is 2-4 hours.
4. The natural wood densification and strengthening method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the hot pressing treatment is 2 to 12 hours.
5. The natural wood densification method according to claim 1, wherein the drying condition is natural drying in a ventilated environment.
6. The natural wood densification strengthening method of claim 1, wherein the oil is a vegetable oil.
7. The method for densifying and strengthening natural wood according to claim 1, wherein the wood is wood of tung, pine or poplar.
8. The natural wood densification strengthening method according to claim 1, wherein the density of the compressed wood is 1.0 to 1.3g/cm3The surface hardness is 580 to 690BHN, and the tensile strength is 140 to 190 MPa.
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| CN202011064956.XA CN112157763A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Natural wood compacting and strengthening method |
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| CN202011064956.XA CN112157763A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Natural wood compacting and strengthening method |
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| CN112157763A true CN112157763A (en) | 2021-01-01 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101186045A (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2008-05-28 | 北京林业大学 | Corrosion prevention compression modified wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN101258010A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-09-03 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Method of processing wood and compressed wood product |
| US20090104458A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2009-04-23 | Ryu Hai-Il | Functional cornstalk board and preparation method thereof |
| CN103171013A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-26 | 安徽美源装饰科技有限公司 | Technique of wood deep carbonation |
| CN106863512A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-20 | 南京林业大学 | The preparation method of outdoor timber recombinant material |
| CN107127846A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-05 | 浙江永裕竹业股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of bamboo recombined material |
| CN109366656A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-02-22 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of control method of unilateral side compressed wood density peak type form |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011064956.XA patent/CN112157763A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258010A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-09-03 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Method of processing wood and compressed wood product |
| US20090104458A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2009-04-23 | Ryu Hai-Il | Functional cornstalk board and preparation method thereof |
| CN101186045A (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2008-05-28 | 北京林业大学 | Corrosion prevention compression modified wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN103171013A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-06-26 | 安徽美源装饰科技有限公司 | Technique of wood deep carbonation |
| CN106863512A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-20 | 南京林业大学 | The preparation method of outdoor timber recombinant material |
| CN107127846A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-05 | 浙江永裕竹业股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of bamboo recombined material |
| CN109366656A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-02-22 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of control method of unilateral side compressed wood density peak type form |
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