CN112154964B - Aquaculture waste water circulation treatment's fish-vegetable intergrowth system - Google Patents
Aquaculture waste water circulation treatment's fish-vegetable intergrowth system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112154964B CN112154964B CN202011094901.3A CN202011094901A CN112154964B CN 112154964 B CN112154964 B CN 112154964B CN 202011094901 A CN202011094901 A CN 202011094901A CN 112154964 B CN112154964 B CN 112154964B
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 351
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035929 gnawing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fish and vegetable symbiotic system for recycling aquaculture wastewater, which comprises an aquaculture system and a wastewater recycling treatment system; the aquaculture system comprises at least one culture vessel, and the culture vessel comprises a culture cylinder body, filter cloth and a vertical drain pipe; the wastewater circulating treatment system comprises a water distribution device, a water treatment device, a water supply device and a clean water tank, wherein the water treatment device comprises a plurality of annular water treatment units which are diffused outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged; aquaculture waste water that produces behind the aquaculture is through vertical drain pipe discharge breed cylinder body, and breed waste water flows from the upper end of vertical inlet tube under the effect of pipe pump, and the water distribution hole setting of water distribution canal all can effectively realize drop reoxygenation in the top of water processing unit, adopts a plurality of annular water processing units that outside diffusion and concentric setting step by step, can effectually lengthen the time dwell time that water stayed in water processing unit, improves the purification efficiency of pollutant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a fish and vegetable symbiotic system for recycling aquaculture wastewater.
Background
For aquaculture, it is essentially water-based. At present, a biofilter is mainly adopted to carry out nitrification treatment on ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture wastewater, although the water body after nitrification treatment can meet the normal survival of fishes, the nitrate nitrogen of the system can not be basically removed due to the existence of dissolved oxygen of the system, and the nitrate nitrogen can accumulate in a culture fish pond for a long time, so that certain culture risk can be generated.
The fish-vegetable symbiosis is used as a composite cultivation system, the aquaculture and the vegetable planting are effectively combined with each other, and the defects in the prior art can be overcome. In the fish-vegetable symbiotic system, aquaculture water is conveyed to a water culture system, ammonia nitrogen in the water is decomposed into nitrite by microorganisms and then into nitrate by nitrobacteria, and the nitrate can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants as nutrition. The fish and vegetable symbiosis enables animals, plants and microorganisms to achieve a harmonious ecological balance relationship, is a sustainable circulation type zero-emission low-carbon production mode, and is an effective method for effectively solving the agricultural ecological crisis.
The current fish and vegetable symbiotic system has high input cost along with high income. Most fish and vegetable symbiotic systems have short hydraulic retention time and general pollutant purification effect; if the technical requirement of the system is high, the structure is complex, and the wide-range popularization and application of the system are limited to a certain extent.
Therefore, the fish-vegetable symbiotic system has the characteristics of simple structure, low investment cost, good economic benefit, good pollutant removal effect and the like, and has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a fish-vegetable symbiotic system for recycling aquaculture wastewater, so as to solve the technical problems of short hydraulic retention time and poor pollutant purification effect in the prior art.
The invention provides a fish and vegetable symbiotic system for recycling aquaculture wastewater, which comprises an aquaculture system and a wastewater recycling treatment system;
the aquaculture system comprises at least one aquaculture vessel, the aquaculture vessel comprises an aquaculture cylinder body, filter cloth and a vertical drain pipe, the bottom of the aquaculture cylinder body is provided with a drain outlet, the vertical drain pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the aquaculture cylinder body, the lower end of the vertical drain pipe is communicated with the drain outlet, a plurality of sewage discharge holes are formed in the vertical drain pipe, and the filter cloth wraps the outer side of the vertical drain pipe and covers the sewage discharge holes;
the wastewater circulating treatment system comprises a water distribution device, a water treatment device, a water supply device and a clean water tank, wherein the water treatment device comprises a plurality of annular water treatment units which are diffused outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged, a partition wall is formed on the outer side of each water treatment unit, a water outlet is formed on each partition wall, the water treatment units are communicated with the outer sides through the water outlets to discharge water outwards, the water outlets of the water treatment units on the outermost sides are connected with the clean water tank, and at least part of areas of each water treatment unit are vegetable cultivation areas; the water distribution device comprises a vertical water inlet pipe, an annular water collecting tank and a water distribution channel; the vertical installation of vertical inlet tube is in the most inboard water treatment unit's central region, the upper end of vertical inlet tube is its water outlet end, annular water catch bowl coaxial arrangement in vertical inlet tube is close to its position of water outlet end, the water distribution canal with annular water catch bowl intercommunication sets up, the bottom of water distribution canal is formed with a plurality of water distribution holes, the water distribution hole set up in the most inboard water treatment unit top, the end of intaking of vertical inlet tube pass through the tubing pump with the drain intercommunication sets up, the clean water basin passes through water supply installation to breed the cylinder body and supply with the clear water.
Furthermore, the water treatment device comprises a first water treatment unit, a second water treatment unit and a third water treatment unit, wherein the first water treatment unit, the second water treatment unit and the third water treatment unit diffuse outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged, the first water treatment unit comprises a first partition wall and at least two first porous partition plates, the first porous partition plates are arranged in a crossed manner and intersect with the vertical water inlet pipe, two sides of each first porous partition plate are connected to the first partition wall so as to divide the first water treatment unit into a plurality of first water treatment areas, and at least one first water treatment area is a first vegetable cultivation area; the second water treatment unit comprises a second partition wall and at least three second porous partition plates, the second porous partition plates are uniformly installed in the second water treatment unit at intervals, two sides of each second porous partition plate are respectively connected with the first partition wall and the second partition wall, the second porous partition plates divide the second water treatment unit into a plurality of second water treatment areas, and at least one second water treatment area is a second vegetable cultivation area; the third water treatment unit includes third partition wall and three piece at least porose baffles of third, the even interval of the porose baffle of third install in the third processing unit, the both sides of the porose baffle of third are connected respectively the second partition wall with the third partition wall, the porose baffle of third will a plurality of third water treatment area are cut apart into to the third water treatment unit, and an at least third water treatment area is third vegetable cultivation district.
Furthermore, a first drainage port is formed on the first partition wall, the bottom of the first water treatment unit has a certain gradient, and the position of the first water treatment unit close to the first drainage port is the lowest point of the bottom of the first water treatment unit; a second water outlet is formed on the second partition wall, the bottom of the second water treatment unit has a certain gradient, and the position of the second water treatment unit close to the second water outlet is the lowest point of the bottom of the second water treatment unit; a third water outlet is formed on the third partition wall, the bottom of the third water treatment unit has a certain gradient, and the position of the third water treatment unit close to the third water outlet is the lowest point of the bottom of the third water treatment unit.
Furthermore, the first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the vertical water inlet pipe, and the second water outlet and the third water outlet are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the vertical water inlet pipe.
Further, the first vegetable cultivation area is a substrate cultivation area, the cultivation substrate of the first vegetable cultivation area is a mixture of volcanic rock and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rock: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1.
Further, the second vegetable cultivation area comprises a substrate cultivation area and a soilless cultivation area, the cultivation substrate of the substrate cultivation area is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rocks in the mixture are: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1; foam boards are uniformly distributed in the soilless culture area, and mounting holes are formed in the upper ends of the foam boards so as to mount hollow plastic baskets planted with vegetables.
Furthermore, the number of the second porous partition plates is even, the corresponding substrate cultivation areas are distributed in at least one pair of second water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged, and the corresponding soilless cultivation areas are distributed in at least one pair of second water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged.
Further, the third vegetable cultivation area comprises a substrate cultivation area and a soilless cultivation area, the cultivation substrate of the substrate cultivation area is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rocks in the mixture are: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1; foam boards are uniformly distributed in the soilless culture area, and mounting holes are formed in the upper ends of the foam boards so as to mount hollow plastic baskets planted with vegetables.
Furthermore, the number of the third porous partition plates is even, the corresponding substrate cultivation areas are distributed in at least one pair of third water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged, and the corresponding soilless cultivation areas are distributed in at least one pair of third water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged.
Further, still include oxygen system, oxygen system includes oxygen supply machine, breather pipe and aeration head, the one end of breather pipe with the oxygen supply machine is connected, and the other end installation the aeration head, the aeration head is located breed the below the liquid level in the cylinder body.
The application provides a fish-vegetable symbiotic system, breed waste water that produces behind the aquaculture breeds the cylinder body through vertical drain pipe discharge, wherein the filter cloth can effectively filter fry and the uneaten fodder of breeding in the cylinder body, breed waste water and flow from the upper end of vertical inlet tube under the effect of pipeline pump, form the effect of similar fountain, the water distribution hole setting of water distribution canal is in water processing unit's top, all can effectively realize drop reoxygenation, adopt a plurality of annular water processing units that outside diffusion and concentric setting step by step, the time dwell time that can effectual extension water dwells in water processing unit, the purification efficiency of pollutant is improved.
The foregoing is a summary of the present invention, and in order to provide a clear understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to be implemented in accordance with the present specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fish-vegetable symbiotic system for the cyclic treatment of aquaculture wastewater provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cultivation wastewater recycling treatment system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first water treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second water treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third water treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a fish-vegetable symbiotic system for recycling aquaculture wastewater, which comprises an aquaculture system 10 and a aquaculture wastewater recycling system 20;
referring to fig. 2, aquaculture system 10 includes at least one aquaculture ware 1, aquaculture ware 1 is including breeding cylinder body 11, filter cloth 12 and vertical drain pipe 13, the bottom of breeding cylinder body 11 has a drain 111, and drain 111 is located and breeds 11 central bottom positions of cylinder body, vertical drain pipe 13 vertical install in breed the middle part of cylinder body 11, vertical drain pipe 13 the lower extreme with drain 111 intercommunication sets up, be formed with a plurality of blowholes on the vertical drain pipe, filter cloth 12 wrap up in vertical drain pipe 13's the outside and cover the blowhole.
Generally, the material of the culture cylinder 11 is PP or PE or PVC, the diameter is phi 1-phi 4m, the height is 1-1.5 m, and the size of the sewage outlet 111 is 65-100 mm; the pipe diameter of the vertical drain pipe 13 is 50-100 mm; in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the number of the culture cylinders 11 is six, three of the culture cylinders are in one group, and the culture cylinders 11 in each group are arranged in parallel.
In an embodiment of the present application, in order to increase the oxygen content in the cultivation cylinder 11, the oxygen supply system 30 includes an oxygen supply system 30, the oxygen supply system 30 includes an oxygen supply machine 8, a ventilation pipe and an aeration head, one end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the oxygen supply machine 8, the other end of the ventilation pipe is mounted with the aeration head, the aeration head is located below the liquid level in the cultivation cylinder, specifically, the ventilation pipe includes a gas main pipe 801 and a gas branch pipe 802, wherein the gas main pipe 801 is connected to the oxygen generator 8, and the pipe diameter is 10-25 mm; the gas branch pipe 802 is connected with the gas main pipe 801, the pipe diameter is 5-10 mm, the gas branch pipe 802 is a hose, and the tail end of the hose is connected with the micro-nano aeration head.
The aquaculture wastewater circulating treatment system 20 comprises a water distribution device 21, a water treatment device 22, a water supply device 23 and a clean water tank 24.
The water treatment device 22 comprises a plurality of annular water treatment units which are diffused outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged, a partition wall is formed on the outer side of each water treatment unit, a water outlet is formed on each partition wall, the water treatment units discharge water outwards through the water outlets communicated with the outer sides of the water treatment units, the water outlets of the water treatment units on the outermost sides are connected with the clean water tank, and at least part of area of each water treatment unit is a vegetable cultivation area; the water distribution device 21 comprises a vertical water inlet pipe 211, an annular water collecting tank 212 and a water distribution channel 213; the vertical water inlet pipe 211 is vertically installed at the central region of the innermost water treatment unit, the upper end of the vertical water inlet pipe 211 is the water outlet end thereof, the annular water collecting tank 212 is coaxially arranged at the position of the vertical water inlet pipe 211 close to the water outlet end thereof, the water distribution channel 213 is communicated with the annular water collecting tank 212, a plurality of water distribution holes 2131 are formed at the bottom of the water distribution channel 213, the water distribution hole 2131 is arranged above the innermost water treatment unit, the water inlet end of the vertical water inlet pipe 211 is communicated with the sewage outlet 111 through a pipe pump 214, the clean water tank 24 supplies clean water to the cultivation cylinder 11 through the water supply device 23, the general water supply device 23 includes a water supply lift pump 231 and a water supply pipeline 232, the water supply lift pump 231 is installed at the bottom of the clean water tank, and two ends of the water supply pipeline 232 are respectively connected with the water supply lift pump 231 and the cultivation cylinder 11.
For the convenience of further understanding the positional relationship among the water distribution device 21, the water supply device 23 and the clean water tank 24, the water treatment device 22 will be described in detail; specifically, in the present application, referring to fig. 1 and combining fig. 3 to 6, the water treatment device 22 includes three stages of water treatment units, namely a first water treatment unit 221, a second water treatment unit 222 and a third water treatment unit 223, and correspondingly, the first water treatment unit 221, the second water treatment unit 222 and the third water treatment unit 223 are diffused outward step by step and concentrically disposed, wherein the first water treatment unit 221, the second water treatment unit 222 and the third water treatment unit 223 have a size of 600 to 1200mm in width and 800 to 1500mm in height.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first water treatment unit 221 includes a first partition wall 2211 and at least two first perforated partition walls 2212, the first perforated partition walls 2212 are disposed in a cross and intersect with the vertical water inlet pipe 211, both sides of the first perforated partition walls 2212 are connected to the first partition wall 2211 to divide the first water treatment unit 221 into a plurality of first water treatment areas, at least one first water treatment area is a first vegetable cultivation area; the second water treatment unit 222 includes a second partition wall 2221 and at least three second perforated partition walls 2222, the second perforated partition walls 2222 are installed in the second water treatment unit 222 at regular intervals, both sides of the second perforated partition walls 2222 are respectively connected to the first partition wall 2222 and the second partition wall 2221, the second perforated partition walls 2221 divide the second water treatment unit 222 into a plurality of second water treatment areas, and at least one of the second water treatment areas is a second vegetable cultivation area; the third water treatment unit 223 includes third partition wall 2231 and three piece at least third foraminate baffles 2232, the even interval of third foraminate baffle 2232 install in the third treatment unit 223, the both sides of third foraminate baffle 2232 are connected respectively the second partition wall 2221 with the third partition wall 2222, the third foraminate baffle 2232 will the third water treatment unit 223 is cut apart into a plurality of third water treatment areas, and at least one third water treatment area is third vegetable cultivation district.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first partition wall 2211 is formed with a first water outlet 2213, the bottom of the first water treatment unit 221 has a certain slope, the position of the first water treatment unit 221 near the first water outlet 2213 is the lowest point of the bottom, the second partition wall 2221 is formed with a second water outlet 2223, the bottom of the second water treatment unit 222 has a certain slope, and the position of the second water treatment unit 222 near the second water outlet 2223 is the lowest point of the bottom; a third water discharge port 2233 is formed on the third partition wall 2231, the bottom of the third water treatment unit 223 has a certain gradient, the position of the third water treatment unit 223 close to the third water discharge port 2233 is the lowest point of the bottom thereof, the bottom heights of the first water treatment unit 221, the second water treatment unit 222 and the third water treatment unit 223 are gradually reduced, and more preferably, the bottom gradients of the first water treatment unit 221, the second water treatment unit 222 and the third water treatment unit 223 are all 2 to 5 per thousand.
The three-stage water treatment unit realizes self-flow by utilizing the gradient difference, does not need to be provided with an additional power transmission unit, and has low energy consumption; make NO in water treatment device3The accumulation amount of N is reduced, the culture risk is reduced to a certain extent, in addition, fish and vegetables are separated, the gnawing of the fish to vegetable roots can be reduced, the planting density of the vegetables can be improved, and the like, and finally, the generated economic benefit is high.
The first water discharge port 2213 and the second water discharge port 2223 are disposed at opposite sides of the vertical water inlet pipe 211, respectively, and the second water discharge port 2223 and the third water discharge port 2233 are disposed at opposite sides of the vertical water inlet pipe 211, respectively.
The three water outlets are mutually separated by 180 degrees, so that the breeding wastewater can fully flow in each level of water treatment unit to form a gallery type effect, but the water treatment device effectively reduces the floor area due to the adoption of the annular structure which is diffused outwards step by step and concentrically arranged.
The first vegetable cultivation area is a substrate cultivation area, namely a first substrate cultivation area 221a, the cultivation substrate of the first vegetable cultivation area is a mixture of volcanic rock and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rock in the mixture is as follows: the ceramsite is 0.5-1 in volume ratio, 5-10 mm in particle size, 1000-1200 mm in height, circular pore channels with the size of 4-6 mm are distributed on the first porous partition 2212, and the first partition 2211 is used for separating the first water treatment unit 221 from the second water treatment unit 222 and is 6-8 mm thick; the first drain port 2213 is communicated with the second water treatment unit 222, the width of the first drain port 2213 is 200-300 mm, the height of the first drain port 2213 is 800-1000 mm, and the extension length of the first drain port 2213 to the second water treatment unit 222 is half of the width of the second water treatment unit 222.
As shown in FIG. 4, the area of the first substrate cultivation area 221a is 0.2-0.3 times of that of the first water treatment unit 221, and includes two symmetrical parts with respect to the vertical water inlet pipe 211.
The second vegetable cultivation area comprises a substrate cultivation area and a soilless cultivation area, which are called a second substrate cultivation area 222a and a first soilless cultivation area 222b for the convenience of distinguishing, the cultivation substrate of the second substrate cultivation area 222a is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rocks in the mixture are as follows: the ceramsite is 0.5-1 in volume ratio, 5-10 mm in particle size, 1000-1200 mm in height of filler, circular pore channels with the size of 3-6 mm are distributed on the second perforated partition 2222, the second perforated partition 2222 is 6-8 mm in thickness, the second water outlet 2223 is connected with the third water treatment unit 223, the length of the second water outlet 2223 extending to the third water treatment unit 223 is half of the width of the third water treatment unit 223, the second partition 2221 separates the second water treatment unit 222 from the third water treatment unit 223, the thickness of the second water treatment unit 223 is 8-10 mm, foam plates are uniformly distributed in the first soilless culture area 222b, and mounting holes are formed in the upper ends of the foam plates so as to mount a hollow plastic basket for planting vegetables.
The number of the second perforated separators 2222 is 4, the corresponding second substrate cultivation areas 222a are distributed in at least one pair of second water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged, and the corresponding first soilless cultivation areas 222b are distributed in at least one pair of second water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged, as shown in fig. 5, the number of the second perforated separators 2222 is four, which separates four second water treatment areas, wherein two of the second water treatment areas which are oppositely arranged are the second substrate cultivation areas 222a, and the other two of the second water treatment areas are the first soilless cultivation areas 222 b.
The area of the second substrate cultivation area 222a is 0.2 to 0.3 times of the area of the second water treatment unit 222, and the area of the first soilless cultivation area 222b is 0.2 to 0.3 times of the area of the second water treatment unit 222.
The third vegetable cultivation area comprises a substrate cultivation area and a soilless cultivation area, which are called a third substrate cultivation area 223a and a second soilless cultivation area 223b for the convenience of distinguishing, the cultivation substrate of the third substrate cultivation area 223a is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rocks in the mixture are: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1, the particle size is 5-10 mm, the height of the filler is 1000-1200 mm, circular pore channels with the size of 3-6 mm are distributed on the third porous partition 2232, the thickness of the third porous partition 2232 is 6-8 mm, the second water outlet 2233 is connected with the clean water tank 24, and the third partition 2231 separates the third water treatment unit 222 from the clean water tank 24 and has the thickness of 8-10 mm; foam boards are uniformly distributed in the second soilless culture area 223b, and mounting holes are formed in the upper ends of the foam boards so as to mount hollow plastic baskets with vegetables planted therein.
The number of the third porous partition plates 2232 is even, the corresponding third substrate cultivation regions 223a are distributed in at least one pair of oppositely arranged second water treatment regions, and the corresponding second soilless cultivation regions 223b are distributed in at least one pair of oppositely arranged second water treatment regions, as shown in fig. 6, the number of the third porous partition plates 2232 is 4, which separates four third water treatment regions, wherein two opposite third water treatment regions are the third substrate cultivation regions 223a, and the other two third water treatment regions are the second soilless cultivation regions 223 b.
The area of the third substrate cultivation area 223a accounts for 0.2-0.3 times of that of the third water treatment unit 223, and the area of the second soilless cultivation area 223b accounts for 0.2-0.3 times of that of the second water treatment unit 223.
It can be understood that, in order to guarantee that the aquaculture wastewater and the clear water can be normally conveyed when the pipeline pump a and the water supply lift pump 231 break down, the pipeline pump a and the water supply lift pump 231 of this application all are equipped with the reserve pump.
For a further understanding of the principles of operation and the advantages of the embodiments of the present application, the following detailed description is provided for the purposes of illustrating the embodiments of the present application:
the breeding wastewater in the breeding cylinder 11 passes through the filter cloth 12 to enter the vertical drain pipe 13 under the action of the pipeline pump a, and the filter cloth 12 can prevent fishes in the breeding cylinder 11 from being discharged along with the breeding wastewater and intercepting undecomposed or swallowed large-particle baits and the like; the aquaculture wastewater is conveyed into the vertical water inlet pipe 211 through the vertical water outlet pipe 13, then enters the annular water collecting tank 212 from the upper end of the vertical water inlet pipe 211 in a fountain-like manner, and then falls into the first water treatment unit 221 from the annular water collecting tank 212 through the water distribution holes 2131 at the bottom of the water distribution channel 213, and has the functions of water drop and reoxygenation; as the substrate and the porous partition board in the substrate cultivation area can adsorb the pollutants in the cultivation wastewater, the planted vegetables can improve the oxygen content in water through photosynthesis, and simultaneously, the microorganisms on the substrate can biodegrade pollutants, thereby realizing the purification of the aquaculture wastewater, the concrete process is that the aquaculture wastewater is subjected to primary purification in the first water treatment unit 221 to remove partial pollutants, and then enters the second water treatment unit 222 from the first water discharge port 2213 to realize secondary purification, the third purification is performed in the third water treatment unit 223 through the second water discharge port 2223, and the clean water formed after the purification is discharged into the clean water tank 24 through the third water discharge port 2233, the annular water treatment units which are diffused outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged are adopted, so that the retention time of the aquaculture wastewater in the water treatment device 22 can be effectively prolonged, and the purification efficiency of pollutants is improved; the clean water in the clean water tank 24 is transmitted back to the cultivation cylinder 11 through the water delivery pipe 2321 by the water supply lift pump 231 for recycling; the main dissolved oxygen in the culture tank 11 is provided by the oxygen generator 8, and a small part of the dissolved oxygen is provided by the photosynthesis of vegetables and the water drop reoxygenation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fish-vegetable symbiotic system for the cyclic treatment of aquaculture wastewater is characterized by comprising an aquaculture system and a wastewater cyclic treatment system;
the aquaculture system comprises at least one aquaculture vessel, the aquaculture vessel comprises an aquaculture cylinder body, filter cloth and a vertical drain pipe, the bottom of the aquaculture cylinder body is provided with a drain outlet, the vertical drain pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the aquaculture cylinder body, the lower end of the vertical drain pipe is communicated with the drain outlet, a plurality of sewage discharge holes are formed in the vertical drain pipe, and the filter cloth wraps the outer side of the vertical drain pipe and covers the sewage discharge holes;
the wastewater circulating treatment system comprises a water distribution device, a water treatment device, a water supply device and a clean water tank, wherein the water treatment device comprises a plurality of annular water treatment units which are diffused outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged, a partition wall is formed on the outer side of each water treatment unit, a water outlet is formed on each partition wall, the water treatment units are communicated with the outer sides through the water outlets to discharge water outwards, the water outlets of the water treatment units on the outermost sides are connected with the clean water tank, and at least part of areas of each water treatment unit are vegetable cultivation areas; the water distribution device comprises a vertical water inlet pipe, an annular water collecting tank and a water distribution channel; the vertical water inlet pipe is vertically arranged in the central area of the innermost water treatment unit, the upper end of the vertical water inlet pipe is the water outlet end of the vertical water inlet pipe, the annular water collecting tank is coaxially arranged at the position, close to the water outlet end of the vertical water inlet pipe, the water distribution channel is communicated with the annular water collecting tank, a plurality of water distribution holes are formed in the bottom of the water distribution channel, the water distribution holes are formed above the innermost water treatment unit, the water inlet end of the vertical water inlet pipe is communicated with the sewage discharge port through a pipeline pump, and the clean water tank supplies clean water to the culture cylinder body through the water supply device; the water treatment device comprises a first water treatment unit, a second water treatment unit and a third water treatment unit, wherein the first water treatment unit, the second water treatment unit and the third water treatment unit are diffused outwards step by step and are concentrically arranged, the first water treatment unit comprises a first partition wall and at least two first porous partition plates, the first porous partition plates are arranged in a crossed mode and intersect with the vertical water inlet pipe, two sides of each first porous partition plate are connected to the first partition wall so as to divide the first water treatment unit into a plurality of first water treatment areas, and at least one first water treatment area is a first vegetable cultivation area; the second water treatment unit comprises a second partition wall and at least three second porous partition plates, the second porous partition plates are uniformly installed in the second water treatment unit at intervals, two sides of each second porous partition plate are respectively connected with the first partition wall and the second partition wall, the second porous partition plates divide the second water treatment unit into a plurality of second water treatment areas, and at least one second water treatment area is a second vegetable cultivation area; the third water treatment unit includes third partition wall and three piece at least porose baffles of third, the even interval of the porose baffle of third install in the third processing unit, the both sides of the porose baffle of third are connected respectively the second partition wall with the third partition wall, the porose baffle of third will a plurality of third water treatment area are cut apart into to the third water treatment unit, and an at least third water treatment area is third vegetable cultivation district.
2. The aquaponics system for recycling aquaculture wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the first partition wall is formed with a first drain opening, the bottom of the first water treatment unit has a certain slope, and the position of the first water treatment unit close to the first drain opening is the lowest point of the bottom of the first water treatment unit; a second water outlet is formed on the second partition wall, the bottom of the second water treatment unit has a certain gradient, and the position of the second water treatment unit close to the second water outlet is the lowest point of the bottom of the second water treatment unit; a third water outlet is formed in the third partition wall, the bottom of the third water treatment unit has a certain gradient, the position of the third water treatment unit close to the third water outlet is the lowest point of the bottom of the third water treatment unit, and the heights of the bottom surfaces of the first water treatment unit, the second water treatment unit and the third water treatment unit are gradually reduced.
3. The aquaculture wastewater recycling fish and vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 2, wherein the first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the vertical water inlet pipe, and the second water outlet and the third water outlet are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the vertical water inlet pipe.
4. The aquaculture wastewater recycling treatment fish-vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 1, wherein the first vegetable cultivation area is a substrate cultivation area, the cultivation substrate is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the volcanic rocks in the mixture are: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1.
5. The aquaculture wastewater recycling treatment fish-vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 1, wherein the second vegetable cultivation area comprises a substrate cultivation area and a soilless cultivation area, the cultivation substrate of the substrate cultivation area is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the ratio of volcanic rocks in the mixture is as follows: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1; foam boards are uniformly distributed in the soilless culture area, and mounting holes are formed in the upper ends of the foam boards so as to mount hollow plastic baskets planted with vegetables.
6. The aquaculture wastewater recycling fish and vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 5, wherein the number of the second perforated partition plates is an even number, the corresponding substrate cultivation zones are distributed in at least one pair of oppositely arranged second water treatment zones, and the corresponding soilless cultivation zones are distributed in at least one pair of oppositely arranged second water treatment zones.
7. The aquaculture wastewater recycling treatment fish-vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 1, wherein the third vegetable cultivation area comprises a substrate cultivation area and a soilless cultivation area, the cultivation substrate of the substrate cultivation area is a mixture of volcanic rocks and ceramsite with the same particle size, and the ratio of volcanic rocks in the mixture is as follows: the volume ratio of the ceramsite is 0.5-1; foam boards are uniformly distributed in the soilless culture area, and mounting holes are formed in the upper ends of the foam boards so as to mount hollow plastic baskets planted with vegetables.
8. The aquaculture wastewater recycling fish and vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 7, wherein the number of the third perforated partition plates is an even number, the corresponding substrate cultivation zones are distributed in at least one pair of oppositely arranged third water treatment zones, and the corresponding soilless cultivation zones are distributed in at least one pair of oppositely arranged third water treatment zones.
9. The aquaculture wastewater recycling fish and vegetable symbiotic system according to claim 1, further comprising an oxygen supply system, wherein the oxygen supply system comprises an oxygen supply machine, a vent pipe and an aeration head, one end of the vent pipe is connected with the oxygen supply machine, the other end of the vent pipe is provided with the aeration head, and the aeration head is positioned below the liquid level in the aquaculture tank.
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