CN112153605A - Method and device for scheduling time-frequency resources of offshore communication system - Google Patents

Method and device for scheduling time-frequency resources of offshore communication system Download PDF

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CN112153605A
CN112153605A CN202010863395.3A CN202010863395A CN112153605A CN 112153605 A CN112153605 A CN 112153605A CN 202010863395 A CN202010863395 A CN 202010863395A CN 112153605 A CN112153605 A CN 112153605A
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frequency resource
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CN112153605B (en
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王燕敏
冯伟
陆洲
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Tsinghua University
Electronic Science Research Institute of CTEC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/42—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for mass transport vehicles, e.g. buses, trains or aircraft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/44—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/46—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1221—Wireless traffic scheduling based on age of data to be sent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/535—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on resource usage policies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for scheduling time-frequency resources of an offshore communication system. Aiming at an offshore communication system for wireless transmission based on a shore-based base station and links among ships, the method fully utilizes course information of each ship, realizes time-frequency resource scheduling of the offshore communication system facing to the whole data transmission process based on a slowly-varying link large-scale channel fading state, and can effectively reduce system energy consumption with smaller system overhead on the premise of meeting the QoS requirement of data transmission of each ship; moreover, the method is realized by means of iterative calculation of a scheduling scheme under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block is divided by different links at any granularity or shared in a time-sharing mode, orthogonal scheduling optimization of the time-frequency resource block in the offshore communication system on different links can be realized at low complexity, and a low-complexity time-frequency resource scheduling solution is provided for offshore high-energy-efficiency wireless communication coverage.

Description

Method and device for scheduling time-frequency resources of offshore communication system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a method and a device for scheduling time-frequency resources of an offshore communication system.
Background
The available methods for scheduling time-frequency resources mainly include two types: the method is based on a scheduling method of a single-hop transmission mode from a source end to a destination end, and the method is based on a scheduling method of a multi-hop mode formed by the transmission from the source end to the destination end by means of intermediate auxiliary nodes such as relays and the like.
Among them, for the offshore communication system, in the offshore communication system constructed based on the shore-based base station and the link between the vessels, there are often a considerable number of vessels far from the base station. For the ship, if a single-hop mode is simply adopted for data transmission, the data is distributed to the ship by the shore-based base station or transmitted back to the shore-based base station by the ship, and the ship can be realized by needing larger transmitting power, so that the transmission energy efficiency is too low, and the energy consumption of a system is overlarge.
The time-frequency resource scheduling scheme optimization design of the offshore communication system by adopting the multi-hop mode resource scheduling method has the problems that the energy consumption of the system cannot be effectively measured and optimized, and an auxiliary storage node needs to be additionally deployed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a time-frequency resource scheduling method and device for an offshore communication system, aiming at solving the technical problem of reducing resource scheduling energy consumption of the offshore communication system.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling method of the offshore communication system, the offshore communication system comprises a base station and a plurality of ships, communication links are arranged between the base station and the ships and between different ships, and the scheduling method comprises the following steps:
calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link based on course information of the ship and time-frequency resource information of the offshore communication system;
optimizing the time-frequency resource blocks of the links under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity according to the energy consumption preset target of the offshore communication system on the basis of the large-scale fading state information of the links and the data transmission requirements of the ships to obtain a pre-scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links;
and calculating to obtain the orthogonal optimal scheduling schemes of all the time-frequency resource blocks on all the links by a slowest ascending method based on the pre-scheduling scheme and the preset target of energy consumption.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling method of the offshore communication system, aiming at the offshore communication system which carries out wireless transmission based on a shore-based base station and links among ships, the method makes full use of course line information of each ship, realizes time-frequency resource scheduling of the offshore communication system facing to the whole data transmission process based on a slowly-varying link large-scale channel fading state, and can effectively reduce system energy consumption with smaller system overhead on the premise of meeting the QoS requirement of data transmission of each ship; moreover, the method is realized by means of iterative calculation of a scheduling scheme under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block is divided by different links at any granularity or shared in a time-sharing mode, orthogonal scheduling optimization of the time-frequency resource block in the offshore communication system on different links can be realized at low complexity, and a low-complexity time-frequency resource scheduling solution is provided for offshore high-energy-efficiency wireless communication coverage.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link includes:
acquiring position information of the ship at different moments based on the course information of the ship;
and calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link on all the time-frequency resource blocks based on the position information, the time-frequency resource information and a preset wireless channel model.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for acquiring the pre-scheduling scheme includes:
calculating the maximum transmission rate of each link in each time-frequency resource block;
calculating the system energy consumption of each link;
based on the data transmission requirements of each ship, the number of available time-frequency resources in the same time-frequency resource block can be restricted by different links under the condition of frequency division with any granularity or time sharing, the maximum transmission rate forms a restriction condition, and under the restriction condition, when the energy consumption of the system is minimum, a scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links is used as the pre-scheduling scheme.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method for obtaining the orthogonal optimization scheduling scheme comprises:
setting an orthogonal time-frequency resource constraint condition;
obtaining a scheduling item which does not meet the constraint condition of the orthogonal time-frequency resource in the preset scheduling scheme;
and adjusting each time-frequency resource block of each link based on the system energy consumption preset target until the scheduling items in the pre-scheduling scheme all meet the orthogonal time-frequency resource constraint condition.
In some embodiments of the invention, the time-frequency resources are used orthogonally by different links, and the same ship can only receive or send data at the same time.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling device of the offshore communication system of the embodiment of the invention, the offshore communication system comprises a base station and a plurality of ships, communication links are arranged between the base station and the ships and between different ships, and the scheduling device comprises:
the fading state calculation module is used for calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link based on course information of the ship and time-frequency resource information of the offshore communication system;
a resource optimization allocation module, configured to optimize the time-frequency resource blocks of each link according to a preset target of energy consumption of the offshore communication system based on the large-scale fading state information of each link and the data transmission requirements of each ship, under a condition that a same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity, so as to obtain a pre-scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links;
and the resource orthogonal scheduling module is used for calculating and obtaining orthogonal optimal scheduling schemes of all the time-frequency resource blocks on all the links by a slowest ascending method based on the pre-scheduling scheme and the preset energy consumption target.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling device of the offshore communication system, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the time-frequency resource scheduling device with high energy efficiency is provided for the offshore communication system which carries out wireless transmission based on a shore-based base station and a link between ships by means of ship route information. The scheduling device makes full use of the whole-process large-scale channel fading state change of the ship, and provides a low-complexity time-frequency resource scheduling solution for offshore high-energy-efficiency wireless communication coverage.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fading state calculation module comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of the ship at different moments based on the course information of the ship;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link on all the time-frequency resource blocks based on the position information, the time-frequency resource information and a preset wireless channel model.
In some embodiments of the invention, the resource optimization allocation module comprises:
a rate calculation module, configured to calculate a maximum transmission rate of each link in each time-frequency resource block;
the energy consumption calculation module is used for calculating the system energy consumption of each link;
and the pre-scheduling scheme generation module is used for restricting the quantity of available time-frequency resources under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided by different links with any granularity or shared in a time-sharing manner based on the data transmission requirements of all the ships, forming a restriction condition by the maximum transmission rate, and taking the scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links as the pre-scheduling scheme when the energy consumption of the system is minimum.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the resource orthogonal scheduling module comprises:
the constraint setting module is used for setting constraint conditions of orthogonal time-frequency resources;
the judging module is used for acquiring scheduling items which do not meet the constraint condition of the orthogonal time-frequency resources in the preset scheduling scheme;
and an adjusting module, configured to adjust each time-frequency resource module of each link based on the preset target of system energy consumption until the scheduling entry in the pre-scheduling scheme satisfies the constraint condition of the orthogonal time-frequency resource.
In some embodiments of the invention, the time-frequency resources are used orthogonally by different links, and the same ship can only receive or send data at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an offshore communication system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for scheduling time-frequency resources in an offshore communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for scheduling time-frequency resources in an offshore communication system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a time-frequency resource scheduling apparatus of an offshore communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic road diagram of an offshore communication system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
the system for offshore communication 500 is described in detail below,
the number of base stations 510, vessels 520,
the scheduling apparatus 100 is a general-purpose scheduling apparatus,
a fading state calculating module 10, a resource optimizing and distributing module 20, and a resource orthogonal scheduling module 30.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, according to the time-frequency resource scheduling method of the offshore communication system 500 of the embodiment of the present invention, the offshore communication system 500 includes a base station 510 and a plurality of vessels 520, and there are communication links between the base station 510 and the vessels 520 and between different vessels 520, and referring to fig. 2, the scheduling method includes:
s100, calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link based on ship route information of a ship and time-frequency resource information of an offshore communication system;
s200, optimizing the time-frequency resource blocks of all the links under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity according to the energy consumption preset target of the offshore communication system on the basis of the large-scale fading state information of each link and the data transmission requirement of each ship to obtain a pre-scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links;
and S300, calculating to obtain orthogonal optimal scheduling schemes of all time-frequency resource blocks on all links by a slowest ascent method based on the pre-scheduling scheme and the preset target of energy consumption.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling method of the offshore communication system 500, aiming at the offshore communication system 500 which carries out wireless transmission based on the link between the shore-based base station 510 and the ship 520, the method fully utilizes the course information of each ship 520, realizes the time-frequency resource scheduling of the offshore communication system 500 facing to the whole data transmission process based on the large-scale channel fading state of the slowly-varying link, can effectively reduce the system energy consumption with smaller system overhead on the premise of meeting the QoS requirement of data transmission of each ship 520; moreover, the method is realized by means of iterative computation of a scheduling scheme under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block is divided by different links at any granularity or shared in a time-sharing mode, orthogonal scheduling optimization of the time-frequency resource block in the offshore communication system 500 on different links can be realized at low complexity, and a low-complexity time-frequency resource scheduling solution is provided for offshore high-energy-efficiency wireless communication coverage.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a method for calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link includes:
a100, acquiring position information of a ship at different moments based on route information of the ship;
and A200, calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link on all time-frequency resource blocks based on the position information, the time-frequency resource information and a preset wireless channel model.
When calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link, the position information of each ship 520 at different time is obtained based on the course information of each ship 520. Based on the available time-frequency resource information, the ship 520 position information, and the wireless channel model applicable to the offshore communication system 500, large-scale channel fading state information of the links between the shore-based base station 510 and the ship 520 and between different ships 520 is calculated.
It should be noted that the large-scale channel state information includes large-scale channel fading states of the wireless links between the shore-based base station 510 and the ship 520 and between different ships 520 on all available time-frequency resource blocks, i.e., all time slots and subcarriers. Assuming that the number of time slots available in the shore based communication system 500 is denoted as T, the number of subcarriers is denoted as F, and the number of vessels 520 is denoted as N, the large scale channel fading conditions between the shore based base station 510 and the vessels 520 and between different vessels 520 can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002648925220000061
Wherein li,j,f,tRepresents the large scale channel fading state of the link i → j on the time frequency resource block (f, t). The link i → j represents a wireless link between the transmitting node i (the shore-based base station 510 or the ship 520) and the receiving node j (the shore-based base station 510 or the ship 520), and the time-frequency resource block (f, t) is composed of a subcarrier f and a time slot t.
It will be appreciated that the offshore communication system 500 may be deployed in different environments and that the large-scale channel fading model may vary for each link.
For a scenario where the shore-based base station 510 distributes service data to each vessel 520, the transmitting node i includes the shore-based base station 510 and each vessel 520 assisting in the service data distribution, and the receiving node j includes only each vessel 520. The large scale channel fading conditions between the shore based base station 510 and the vessel 520 and between different vessels 520 are:
{li,j,f,t|i＝0,...,N；j＝1,...,N；f＝1,...,F；t＝1,...,T}
where i-0 denotes that the transmitting node is the shore-based base station 510, i-1, …, and N denotes that the transmitting node is the ship 520.
For the scenario that the ship 520 transmits the service data back to the shore-based base station 510, the transmitting node i is each ship 520, the receiving node j includes each ship 520 transmitted back by the shore-based base station 510 and the auxiliary service data, and the large-scale channel fading states between the shore-based base station 510 and the ship 520 and between different ships 520 are:
{li,j,f,t|i＝1,...,N；j＝0,...,N；f＝1,...,F；t＝1,...,T}
where j-0 denotes that the receiving node is the shore-based base station 510, j-1, …, and N denotes that the receiving node is the ship 520.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for acquiring a pre-scheduling scheme includes:
b100, calculating the maximum transmission rate of each link in each time-frequency resource block;
b200, calculating the system energy consumption of each link;
and B300, based on the data transmission requirements of each ship, the number of available time-frequency resources is restricted by different links under the condition of frequency division with any granularity or time sharing in the same time-frequency resource block, the maximum transmission rate forms a restriction condition, and under the restriction condition, when the energy consumption of the system is minimum, a scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links is taken as a pre-scheduling scheme.
When time-frequency resource block optimization is carried out, based on the large-scale channel fading state of the wireless links between the shore-based base station 510 and the ships 520 and between different ships 520 on each time-frequency resource block and the QoS requirements of data transmission of each ship 520, the time-frequency resource blocks are optimally distributed on different links with the aim of minimizing the energy consumption of the offshore communication system 500 under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity.
Scheduling of all available time-frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j
Figure BDA0002648925220000071
Is shown in whichi,j,f,tE {0,1} is the active indicator of link i → j on the time-frequency resource block (f, t).i,j,f,t1 denotes that the transmitting node i transmits data in time-frequency resource blocks (f, t) to the receiving node j,i,j,f,t0 denotes that the link i → j is inactive in the time-frequency resource block (f, t).
In some embodiments of the invention, different links use time-frequency resources in an orthogonal manner, and the same ship 520 can only receive or transmit data at the same time.
To meet the constraint that different links use different time-frequency resource blocks in an orthogonal manner, and that the same vessel 520 can only receive or transmit data at the same time,i,j,f,tthe following formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied:
Figure BDA0002648925220000081
Figure BDA0002648925220000082
when the shared time frequency resource is optimally distributed, the same time frequency resource block (f, t) is supposed to be shared by different links in a frequency division or time division mode with any granularity. Accordingly, as toi,j,f,tThe constraint of (2) is adjusted to be a constraint on the transmission rate of each link on each time-frequency resource block. The transmission rate of link i → j on the time-frequency resource block (f, t) is denoted as ri,j,f,t. Link-based large-scale channel state information, ri,j,f,tThe average transmission rate for small-scale channel fading (e.g., rayleigh fading) on the time-frequency resource block (f, t) using link i → j can be represented as the following formula (3):
ri,j,f,t＝C(li,j,f,t,pi,j,f,t) (3)
wherein p isi,j,f,tRepresents the transmit power of the transmitting node i on the time-frequency resource block (f, t) to the node j. Based on the limitation of the total number T x F of the available time-frequency resource blocks of the system and the maximum transmission power constraint of the shore-based base station 510 and each ship 520, ri,j,f,tThe following formulas (4) to (6) are satisfied:
Figure BDA0002648925220000083
Figure BDA0002648925220000084
ri,j,f,t≤Ri,j,f,t. (6)
Ri,j,f,trepresents the maximum transmission rate of link i → j on the time-frequency resource block (f, t), which can be expressed as
Ri,j,f,t＝C(li,j,f,t,Pi) (6-1)
Wherein p isiRepresenting the maximum transmit power of the transmitting node i.
Based on the transmission rate of each link i → j on each time-frequency resource block (f, t), the transmission rate of the link i → j on the time-frequency resource block (f, t) is marked as the energy consumption of the system
Figure BDA0002648925220000091
The QoS requirements for data transmission by each ship 520 are expressed as:
qn,m({ri,j,f,t}，Δτ)≥Qn,m，n＝1,...,N，m＝1,...,Mn (7)
wherein q isn,m({ri,j,f,t})≥Qn,m，m＝1,...,MnRepresenting the QoS requirements of nth vessel 520, may include: transmission rate, transmission data amount, transmission delay and the like, and Δ τ represents the slot length.
Shared time-frequency resource optimization allocation scheme for minimization
Figure BDA0002648925220000092
Aiming at the aim, the transmission rate { r) of all links i → j on each time-frequency resource block (f, t) is completed by taking (4), (5), (6) and (7) as constraintsi,j,f,tAnd (4) calculating. The calculation result is recorded as
Figure BDA0002648925220000093
Based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000094
The scheduling situation of all available time-frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j can be obtained
Figure BDA0002648925220000095
The following were used:
Figure BDA0002648925220000096
it should be noted that, in the following description,
Figure BDA0002648925220000097
the constraints that time-frequency resource blocks are orthogonally used on different links and that the same ship 520 cannot transmit and receive simultaneously, i.e., the above equations (1) and (2), cannot be fully satisfied.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a method for obtaining an orthogonal optimized scheduling scheme comprises:
c100, setting an orthogonal time-frequency resource constraint condition;
c200, obtaining a scheduling item which does not meet the constraint condition of orthogonal time frequency resources in a preset scheduling scheme;
and C300, adjusting each time-frequency resource block of each link based on a system energy consumption preset target until scheduling items in the pre-scheduling scheme all meet the constraint condition of orthogonal time-frequency resources.
Specifically, in the time-frequency resource orthogonal scheduling calculation based on the slowest-rise method, firstlyFirstly based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000101
Judging the entries which are not satisfied in the constraint formulas (1) and (2), and then according to the energy consumption of the system
Figure BDA0002648925220000102
Increase the slowest principle and gradually decrease
Figure BDA0002648925220000103
Of value 1
Figure BDA0002648925220000104
Is adjusted to the transmission rate of each link i → j on each time-frequency resource block (f, t)
Figure BDA0002648925220000105
Up to
Figure BDA0002648925220000106
All the constraints in the above equations (1) and (2) are satisfied.
The specific iteration flow is as follows:
s1, finding out
Figure BDA0002648925220000107
All values of which are 1 and are included in the entries that are not satisfied in the above constraint equation (1)
Figure BDA0002648925220000108
Record the corresponding footnote as Δ1＝{(im,jm,fm,tm)|m＝1,...,M1}；
S2, determining Delta1Whether it is an empty set, if Δ1If not, go to S3 directly; if Δ1If it is an empty set, find out
Figure BDA0002648925220000109
All values of which are 1 and are included in the entries that are not satisfied in the above constraint equation (2)
Figure BDA00026489252200001010
Record the corresponding footnote as Δ2＝{(im,jm,fm,tm)|m＝1,...,M2}；
S3, if Δ1If not, let Δ equal Δ1,M＝M1I.e. Δ { (i)m,jm,fm,tm) 1., M }; if Δ1Is an empty set, and Δ2If not, let Δ equal Δ2,M＝M2I.e. Δ { (i)m,jm,fm,tm) I M, 1 ═ M }; if Δ1And delta2If all are empty, then order
Figure BDA00026489252200001011
And go to S9;
s4, finding out
Figure BDA00026489252200001012
All values of 0
Figure BDA00026489252200001013
Record the corresponding footnotes as the collection
Figure BDA00026489252200001014
S5, where M is 1, …, M is based on the above constraint formulae (4), (5), (6), (7) and the following formula (10),
Figure BDA00026489252200001015
to minimize
Figure BDA00026489252200001016
For the purpose, the transmission rate of all links i → j on each time-frequency resource block (f, t) is obtained by recalculation
Figure BDA0002648925220000111
S6, calculating
Figure BDA0002648925220000112
Corresponding system energy consumption
Figure BDA0002648925220000113
Recording m corresponding to the minimum system energy consumption as m', namely
Figure BDA0002648925220000114
S7, based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000115
Computing
Figure BDA0002648925220000116
The following were used:
Figure BDA0002648925220000117
s8, based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000118
Judging whether the constraints in the formulas (1) and (2) are completely satisfied, if so, turning to S9; if not, order
Figure BDA0002648925220000119
And goes to S1.
S9, obtaining
Figure BDA00026489252200001110
And (4) as a scheduling result of all available time frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j, and ending.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling device 100 of the offshore communication system 500 of the embodiment of the present invention, the offshore communication system 500 includes a base station 510 and a plurality of vessels 520, there are communication links between the base station 510 and the vessels 520, and between different vessels 520, the scheduling device 100 includes: a fading state calculation module 10, a resource optimization allocation module 20 and a resource orthogonal scheduling module 30.
The fading state calculation module 10 is configured to calculate large-scale channel fading state information of each link based on course information of the ship 520 and time-frequency resource information of the offshore communication system 500;
the resource optimization allocation module 20 is configured to optimize the time-frequency resource blocks of each link based on the large-scale fading state information of each link and the data transmission requirement of each ship 520, according to a preset target of energy consumption of the offshore communication system 500, under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided by different links at any granularity or shared in a time-sharing manner, so as to obtain a pre-scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links;
the resource orthogonal scheduling module 30 is configured to calculate, based on a pre-scheduling scheme and an energy consumption preset target, an orthogonal optimal scheduling scheme of all time-frequency resource blocks on all links by using a slowest-rise method.
According to the time-frequency resource scheduling device 100 of the offshore communication system 500 of the embodiment of the invention, aiming at the offshore communication system 500 which carries out wireless transmission based on the link between the shore-based base station 510 and the ship 520, the time-frequency resource scheduling device 100 with high energy efficiency is provided by means of the course information of the ship 520. The scheduling device 100 makes full use of the whole-process large-scale channel fading state change of the ship 520, and provides a low-complexity time-frequency resource scheduling solution for offshore high-energy-efficiency wireless communication coverage.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fading state calculation module 10 comprises: the device comprises an acquisition module and a calculation module.
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of the ship 520 at different moments based on the course information of the ship 520;
the calculation module is used for calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link on all time-frequency resource blocks based on the position information, the time-frequency resource information and a preset wireless channel model.
The method for calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link by the fading state calculation module 10 is the same as that described in the scheduling method, and is not described herein again.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the resource optimization allocation module 20 comprises: the system comprises a rate calculation module, an energy consumption calculation module and a pre-scheduling scheme generation module.
The rate calculation module is used for calculating the maximum transmission rate of each link in each time-frequency resource block; the energy consumption calculation module is used for calculating the system energy consumption of each link; the pre-scheduling scheme generation module is configured to, based on the data transmission requirements of each ship 520, restrict the number of available time-frequency resources in the same time-frequency resource block under the condition that different links share frequency at any granularity or share time, and form a restriction condition with the maximum transmission rate, and when the energy consumption of the computing system is minimum, use all the time-frequency resource blocks as a pre-scheduling scheme on the links.
The method for generating the pre-scheduling scheme by the resource optimization allocation module 20 is described in the foregoing scheduling method, and is not described herein again.
In some embodiments of the invention, different links use time-frequency resources in an orthogonal manner, and the same ship 520 can only receive or transmit data at the same time.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the resource orthogonal scheduling module 30 includes: the device comprises a constraint setting module, a judging module and an adjusting module.
The constraint setting module is used for setting constraint conditions of orthogonal time-frequency resources;
the judging module is used for acquiring scheduling items which do not meet the constraint condition of orthogonal time-frequency resources in a preset scheduling scheme;
the adjusting module is used for adjusting each time-frequency resource block of each link based on a system energy consumption preset target until scheduling items in the pre-scheduling scheme meet the constraint condition of orthogonal time-frequency resources.
Specifically, in the time-frequency resource orthogonal scheduling module 30 based on the slowest-rise method, firstly, the method is based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000131
Judging the entries which are not satisfied in the constraint formulas (1) and (2), and then according to the energy consumption of the system
Figure BDA0002648925220000132
Increase the slowest principle and gradually decrease
Figure BDA0002648925220000133
Of value 1
Figure BDA0002648925220000134
Is adjusted to the transmission rate of each link i → j on each time-frequency resource block (f, t)
Figure BDA0002648925220000135
Up to
Figure BDA0002648925220000136
All the constraints in the above equations (1) and (2) are satisfied.
To sum up, the detailed implementation steps of the time-frequency scheduling method of the offshore communication system 500 provided by the invention are as follows:
a1, determining course information of each ship of the offshore communication system and QoS requirements of data transmission, including transmission rate, transmission data volume, transmission time delay and the like;
a2, determining information of available time-frequency resource blocks (F, T) of the offshore communication system, wherein the information comprises the number T of time slots, the length delta tau of the time slots, the number F of subcarriers and the center frequency of each carrier;
a3, calculating large-scale channel fading state information l of each link by means of a large-scale channel fading state calculation module based on the course information of each ship and available time-frequency resource informationi,j,f,t，
Figure BDA0002648925220000137
A4, based on the above formula (6-1), calculating the maximum transmission rate R of all links i → j on all time-frequency resource blocks (f, t)i,j,f,t，
Figure BDA0002648925220000138
A5, based on large-scale channel fading state information l of each linki,j,f,t，
Figure BDA0002648925220000139
And the data transmission QoS requirements of all ships are met, and the optimal scheduling scheme of all available time frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j is obtained by means of a shared time frequency resource optimal allocation module
Figure BDA0002648925220000141
A6, based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000142
Obtaining an orthogonal optimal scheduling scheme of all available time frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j according to a) to i) by means of a time frequency resource orthogonal scheduling module based on a slowest rise method
Figure BDA0002648925220000143
In summary, the method provided by the present invention provides a time-frequency resource scheduling method for the whole data transmission process for the offshore communication system 500, with the goal of reducing system energy consumption, while satisfying the QoS requirement for data transmission of each ship 520; the method utilizes the course information of each ship 520, and performs optimized scheduling of time-frequency resource blocks on each link based on the large-scale channel fading state information of the links between the shore-based base station 510 and each ship 520 and the links between different ships 520; the method is based on the slowest rising method, and the orthogonal scheduling optimization of the time-frequency resource block on different links is realized by iteratively calculating the scheduling scheme under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided by different links at any granularity or shared in a time-sharing manner.
The time-frequency resource scheduling method and apparatus of the offshore communication system 500 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the following description is only exemplary, and not a specific limitation of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an offshore communication system 500 is constructed based on a link between a shore-based base station 510 and a vessel 520. In the offshore communication system 500, the base station 510 distributes traffic data to each vessel 520, or each vessel 520 transmits traffic data back to the base station 510. Distribution and return may be either directly via the links between the base station 510 and each vessel 520 or via links between different vessels 520.
In the offshore communication system 500, each vessel 520 travels according to a predetermined course. In order to avoid interference between links, each link in the system works in a mode of combining time division and frequency division, that is, different links use time-frequency resources in an orthogonal mode. Meanwhile, due to the limitation of capability, each ship 520 can only use one subcarrier in the same time slot, and the transceiving cannot be performed simultaneously, that is, the same ship 520 can only receive or transmit data on one subcarrier in the same time slot.
The time-frequency resource scheduling method provided by the invention is based on the large-scale channel fading state information of the links between the shore-based base station 510 and each ship 520 and the links between different ships 520, is oriented to the whole process of data transmission of each ship 520, realizes the optimal scheduling of time-frequency resource blocks on different links, provides a data transmission function meeting the QoS requirement of each ship 520, reduces the energy consumption of the offshore communication system 500 and improves the energy efficiency of the system. The proposed time-frequency resource scheduling method is suitable for the shore-based base station 510 to distribute service data to each ship 520, or the ship 520 to return service data to the shore-based base station 510.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the proposed method comprises three functional modules, namely a large-scale channel fading state calculation module 10, a shared time-frequency resource optimal allocation module 20, and a time-frequency resource orthogonal scheduling module 30 based on the slowest-rise method.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment contemplates an offshore communication system 500 consisting of one shore-based base station 510 and ten vessels 520, i.e., N-10. The antenna laying height of the shore-based base station 510 is 30m, and the antenna erection heights of the ten ships 520 are all 5 m. The vessels 520 are distributed in a square area with a side length of 5000m with the shore-based base station 510 as one vertex. Course of each vessel 520 as shown, each vessel 520 is set to travel at a constant speed along a given straight course. The dashed circles represent the starting point of the vessels 520, i.e., the position of the vessel 520 in the first time slot, the solid circles represent the position of the vessel 520 in the last time slot, and the position of each vessel 520 in the middle of each time slot.
In this embodiment, the shore-based base station 510 distributes traffic data to each vessel 520 through its link with each vessel 520, as well as the link between each vessel 520. The frequency resource available for the system takes 2GHz as a central frequency point and the bandwidth is BsF of 1MHz is 10 subcarriers. Each time slot has a duration Δ τ of 20s, and in this embodiment, T ═ 30 time slots are considered, that is, the total duration is 10 minutes.
In this embodiment, a large-scale channel fading model in LTE-marked high-speed marked wireless communication based on LTE technology (s.jo and w.shim, IEEE Access,2019) is adopted, and a large-scale channel fading state l of a link i → j in a time-frequency resource block (F, t), F1, …, Fi,j,tMay be calculated based on course information for each vessel 520. Note that, since the difference of the large-scale fading states of the same link on different subcarriers of the same timeslot is small, in this embodiment, the calculation is performed with reference to the center frequency point 2 GHz.
In this embodiment, the transmission rates of all links on all time-frequency resource blocks can be written as
Figure BDA0002648925220000161
Wherein r isi,j,tRepresents the transmission rate of link i → j on time-frequency resource block (F, t), F-1, …, F,
Figure BDA0002648925220000162
indicates about wi,j,tGet the statistical average, wi,j,tThe small-scale channel state fading state of the link i → j obeys a mean value of 0 and a variance of 1 (the variances of the real part and the imaginary part are both
Figure BDA0002648925220000163
) Complex gaussian distribution. Correspondingly, the maximum transmission rate of all links on all time-frequency resource blocks is
Figure BDA0002648925220000164
Further, system energy consumption
Figure BDA0002648925220000165
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002648925220000166
in this embodiment, the QoS requirements for data transmission for each ship 520 are: before the end of the last time slot, that is, within 10 minutes, a specific amount of traffic data distributed by the shore-based base station 510 is received
Figure BDA0002648925220000167
j 1.. 20, with the units of bits.
For this embodiment, it may be minimized first
Figure BDA0002648925220000168
For the purpose, the calculation is based on the following constraint conditions
Figure BDA0002648925220000169
Figure BDA00026489252200001610
Figure BDA00026489252200001611
ri,j,t≤Ri,j,t (6’)
Figure BDA00026489252200001612
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002648925220000171
representing the amount of traffic data that the ship 520j retains at the end of the time slot t.
Then based on
Figure BDA0002648925220000172
Obtaining the optimal scheduling scheme of all available time frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j by dividing frequency with any time frequency granularity into time sharing type
Figure BDA0002648925220000173
The following were used:
Figure BDA0002648925220000174
for the embodiment, the orthogonal optimization scheduling scheme of all available time frequency resource blocks (f, t) on all links i → j is calculated
Figure BDA0002648925220000175
Time, calculate
Figure BDA0002648925220000176
The constraint conditions (4), (5), (6) and (7) according to (step S5) refer to (4 '), (5'), (6 '), (7'), and the specific form of the constraint condition (10) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002648925220000177
thereby, scheduling assignment of time-frequency resources for the offshore communication system 500 is accomplished.
The method and the device for scheduling 500 time-frequency resources of the offshore communication system have the following beneficial effects:
1) the method fully utilizes the course information of each ship 520, realizes the time-frequency resource scheduling of the offshore communication system 500 facing to the whole data transmission process based on the slowly-changed link large-scale channel fading state, and can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the system with smaller system overhead on the premise of meeting the QoS requirement of data transmission of each ship 520;
2) the method is realized by means of iterative calculation of a scheduling scheme under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block is divided by different links at any granularity or shared in a time-sharing mode, and orthogonal scheduling optimization of the time-frequency resource block in the offshore communication system 500 on different links can be realized with lower complexity.
While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that it is intended by the appended drawings and description that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling method, wherein the offshore communication system includes a base station and a plurality of ships, and the base station has communication links with the ships and with different ships, the scheduling method includes:
calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link based on course information of the ship and time-frequency resource information of the offshore communication system;
optimizing the time-frequency resource blocks of the links under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity according to the energy consumption preset target of the offshore communication system on the basis of the large-scale fading state information of the links and the data transmission requirements of the ships to obtain a pre-scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links;
and calculating to obtain the orthogonal optimal scheduling schemes of all the time-frequency resource blocks on all the links by a slowest ascending method based on the pre-scheduling scheme and the preset target of energy consumption.
2. The offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling method of claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link comprises:
acquiring position information of the ship at different moments based on the course information of the ship;
and calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link on all the time-frequency resource blocks based on the position information, the time-frequency resource information and a preset wireless channel model.
3. The offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling method of claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the pre-scheduling scheme comprises:
calculating the maximum transmission rate of each link on each time-frequency resource block;
calculating the system energy consumption of each link;
based on the data transmission requirements of each ship, the number of available time-frequency resources in the same time-frequency resource block can be restricted by different links under the condition of frequency division with any granularity or time sharing, the maximum transmission rate forms a restriction condition, and under the restriction condition, when the energy consumption of the system is minimum, a scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links is used as the pre-scheduling scheme.
4. The offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling method of claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the orthogonal optimized scheduling scheme comprises:
setting an orthogonal time-frequency resource constraint condition;
obtaining a scheduling item which does not meet the constraint condition of the orthogonal time-frequency resource in the preset scheduling scheme;
and adjusting each time-frequency resource block of each link based on the system energy consumption preset target until the scheduling items in the pre-scheduling scheme all meet the orthogonal time-frequency resource constraint condition.
5. An offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling method according to claim 1 wherein the time-frequency resources are used orthogonally by different links and only data can be received or transmitted by the same vessel at the same time.
6. An offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling device, the offshore communication system comprising a base station and a plurality of vessels, the base station having communication links with the vessels and with different vessels, the scheduling device comprising:
the fading state calculation module is used for calculating large-scale channel fading state information of each link based on course information of the ship and time-frequency resource information of the offshore communication system;
a resource optimization allocation module, configured to optimize the time-frequency resource blocks of each link according to a preset target of energy consumption of the offshore communication system based on the large-scale fading state information of each link and the data transmission requirements of each ship, under a condition that a same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity, so as to obtain a pre-scheduling scheme of all the time-frequency resource blocks on the links;
and the resource orthogonal scheduling module is used for calculating and obtaining orthogonal optimal scheduling schemes of all the time-frequency resource blocks on all the links by a slowest ascending method based on the pre-scheduling scheme and the preset energy consumption target.
7. The offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduling device of claim 6, wherein the fading condition calculating module comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of the ship at different moments based on the course information of the ship;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the large-scale channel fading state information of each link on all the time-frequency resource blocks based on the position information, the time-frequency resource information and a preset wireless channel model.
8. The time-frequency resource scheduling device for offshore communication system of claim 6, wherein the resource optimization allocation module comprises:
a rate calculation module, configured to calculate a maximum transmission rate of each link on each time-frequency resource block;
the energy consumption calculation module is used for calculating the system energy consumption of each link;
and the pre-scheduling scheme generation module is used for restricting the quantity of available time-frequency resources under the condition that the same time-frequency resource block can be divided or shared by different links at any granularity based on the data transmission requirements of all the ships, and the maximum transmission rate forms a restriction condition.
9. The time-frequency resource scheduling device for offshore communication system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the resource orthogonal scheduling module comprises:
the constraint setting module is used for setting constraint conditions of orthogonal time-frequency resources;
the judging module is used for acquiring scheduling items which do not meet the constraint condition of the orthogonal time-frequency resources in the preset scheduling scheme;
and an adjusting module, configured to adjust each time-frequency resource module of each link based on the preset target of system energy consumption until the scheduling entry in the pre-scheduling scheme satisfies the constraint condition of the orthogonal time-frequency resource.
10. Offshore communication system time-frequency resource scheduler according to claim 6, wherein different links use the time-frequency resources in an orthogonal manner and the same vessel can only receive or transmit data at the same time.
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